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Polities

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* A polity is defined as an independent political unit. Kinds of polities range from villages (local communities) through simple and complex chiefdoms to states and empires. A polity can be either centralized or not (e.g., organized as a confederation). For those periods when a region is divided up among a multitude of small-scale polities (e.g., independent villages or even many small chiefdoms) or when it is controlled in quick succession by a number of different regimes, we use the concept of 'quasi-polity'.
D
431/757    57 %
G
502/757    66 %
SC
503/757    66 %
WF
373/757    49 %
HS
322/757    43 %
CC
152/757    20 %
PT
195/757    26 %
Code Definition
EQ 2020 An Equinox 2020 Polity
CrisisDB A CrisisDB-specific Polity
New WA A NEW West African Polity
New EA A NEW East African Polity
New SA A NEW Southern African Polity
New SEA A NEW South East Indian Polity
OTHER Unknown Polity Category
Code Definition
D This Polity has a General Description.
G General Variables have been coded for this Polity.
SC Social Complexity Variables have been coded for this Polity.
WF Warfare Variables (MilTech) have been coded for this Polity.
HS Human Sacrifice Data has been coded for this Polity.
CC Crisis Consequences have been coded for this Polity.
PT Power Transitions have been coded for this Polity.

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Europe
32 Western Europe
37 Southern Europe
9 Northern Europe
21 Central Europe
17 Southeastern Europe
13 Eastern Europe
Africa
16 Maghreb
32 Northeast Africa
5 Sahel
58 West Africa
8 Central Africa
43 East Africa
9 Southern Africa
Southwest Asia
33 Anatolia-Caucasus
8 Levant
17 Mesopotamia
19 Arabia
40 Iran
Central and Northern Eurasia
5 Pontic-Caspian
19 Turkestan
10 Afghanistan
18 Mongolia
3 Siberia
1 Tibet
East Asia
24 Northeast Asia
1 North China
4 South China
35 Somewhere
South Asia
14 Pakistan
8 North India
12 Eastern India
16 Central India
32 Southern South Asia
9 Somewhere
Southeast Asia
20 Mainland
13 Archipelago
3 Somewhere
Oceania-Australia
1 Australia
2 New Guinea
7 Polynesia
North America
0 Arctic America
6 Western North America
0 Great Plains
13 Mississippi Basin
7 East Coast
31 Mexico
South America and Caribbean
10 Caribbean
12 Andes
3 Amazonia
1 Southern South America
World
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Europe

Western Europe (Europe)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Beaker Culture  EQ 2020 fr_beaker_eba / FrBeakr D G SC WF HS 3200 BCE 2000 BCE
  Atlantic Complex  EQ 2020 fr_atlantic_complex / FrAtlBA D G SC WF HS 2200 BCE 1000 BCE
  Hallstatt A-B1  EQ 2020 fr_hallstatt_a_b1 / FrHallA D G SC WF HS 1000 BCE 900 BCE
  Hallstatt B2-3  EQ 2020 fr_hallstatt_b2_3 / FrHallB D G SC WF HS 900 BCE 700 BCE
  Hallstatt C  EQ 2020 fr_hallstatt_c / FrHallC D G SC WF HS 700 BCE 600 BCE
  Hallstatt D  EQ 2020 fr_hallstatt_d / FrHallD D G SC WF HS 600 BCE 475 BCE
  La Tene A-B1  EQ 2020 fr_la_tene_a_b1 / FrTeneA D G SC WF HS 475 BCE 325 BCE
  La Tene B2-C1  EQ 2020 fr_la_tene_b2_c1 / FrTeneB D G SC WF HS 325 BCE 175 BCE
  La Tene C2-D  EQ 2020 fr_la_tene_c2_d / FrTeneC D G SC WF HS 175 BCE 27 BCE
  Anglo-Saxon England I  EQ 2020 gb_anglo_saxon_1 / gb_anglo_saxon D G SC PT 410 CE 926 CE
  Early Merovingian  EQ 2020 fr_merovingian_emp_1 / FrMervE D G SC WF HS PT 481 CE 543 CE
  Middle Merovingian  EQ 2020 fr_merovingian_emp_2 / FrMervM D G SC WF HS CC PT 543 CE 687 CE
  Aquitania  EQ 2020 fr_aquitania / FrAquit 602 CE 768 CE
  Proto-Carolingian  EQ 2020 fr_merovingian_emp_3 / FrMervL D G SC WF HS PT 687 CE 751 CE
  Carolingian Empire I  EQ 2020 fr_carolingian_emp_1 / FrCarlE D G SC WF HS PT 752 CE 840 CE
  Carolingian Empire II  EQ 2020 fr_carolingian_emp_2 / FrCarlL D G SC WF HS CC PT 840 CE 987 CE
  Anglo-Saxon England II  EQ 2020 gb_anglo_saxon_2 / gb_england_k D G SC CC 927 CE 1065 CE
  Proto-French Kingdom  EQ 2020 fr_capetian_k_1 / FrCaptE D G SC WF HS PT 987 CE 1150 CE
  Norman England  EQ 2020 gb_england_norman PT 1067 CE 1143 CE
  Plantagenet England  EQ 2020 gb_england_plantagenet D G SC CC PT 1144 CE 1485 CE
  French Kingdom - Late Capetian  EQ 2020 fr_capetian_k_2 / FrCaptL D G SC WF HS PT 1150 CE 1328 CE
  French Kingdom - Early Valois  EQ 2020 fr_valois_k_1 / FrValoE D G SC WF HS CC PT 1328 CE 1450 CE
  French Kingdom - Late Valois  EQ 2020 fr_valois_k_2 / FrValoL D G SC WF HS CC PT 1450 CE 1589 CE
  Tudor and Early Stuart England  EQ 2020 gb_england_tudor_and_early_stuart / GBEnglK D G SC CC PT 1486 CE 1689 CE
  French Kingdom - Early Bourbon  EQ 2020 fr_bourbon_k_1 / FrBurbE D G SC WF HS PT 1589 CE 1660 CE
  French Kingdom - Late Bourbon  EQ 2020 fr_bourbon_k_2 / FrBurbL D G SC WF HS CC PT 1660 CE 1815 CE
  British Empire I  EQ 2020 gb_british_emp_1 D G SC PT 1690 CE 1849 CE
  Napoleonic France  EQ 2020 fr_france_napoleonic D G SC CC PT 1816 CE 1870 CE
  British Empire II  EQ 2020 gb_british_emp_2 / GbEmpr2 D G SC WF CC PT 1850 CE 1968 CE
  British Empire IIIIIIIIII  OTHER gb_british_emp_222222 D G SC 1850 CE 1968 CE
  Modern France I  OTHER fr_france_modern_1 1871 CE 1940 CE
  Republic of Ireland  OTHER ei_ireland_rep 1922 CE 2020 CE

Southern Europe (Europe)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Habsburg Spain  EQ 2020 es_habsburg_emp 10000 BCE 2000 CE
  Latium - Copper Age  EQ 2020 it_latium_ca / ItLatCA D G SC WF HS 3600 BCE 1800 BCE
  Latium - Bronze Age  EQ 2020 it_latium_ba / ItLatBA D G SC WF HS 1800 BCE 900 BCE
  Latium - Iron Age  EQ 2020 it_latium_ia / ItLatIA D G SC WF HS 1000 BCE 580 BCE
  Roman Kingdom  EQ 2020 it_roman_k / ItRomRg D G SC WF HS CC PT 716 BCE 509 BCE
  Early Roman Republic  EQ 2020 it_roman_rep_1 / ItRomER D G SC WF HS CC 509 BCE 264 BCE
  Middle Roman Republic  EQ 2020 it_roman_rep_2 / ItRomMR D G SC WF HS 264 BCE 133 BCE
  Late Roman Republic  EQ 2020 it_roman_rep_3 / ItRomLR D G SC WF HS CC 133 BCE 31 BCE
  Roman Empire - Principate  EQ 2020 it_roman_principate / ItRomPr D G SC WF HS CC PT 31 BCE 284 CE
  Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity  EQ 2020 it_western_roman_emp / ItRomWe D G SC WF HS CC PT 395 CE 476 CE
  Visigothic Kingdom  EQ 2020 es_visigothic_k / EsVisigoth 418 CE 711 CE
  Italian Kingdom Late Antiquity  EQ 2020 it_italy_k / ItRomLA PT 476 CE 489 CE
  Lombard Kingdom  EQ 2020 it_lombard_k / ItLombr D G SC CC PT 489 CE 554 CE
  Ostrogothic Kingdom  EQ 2020 it_ostrogoth_k / ItOstrg D G SC WF HS PT 489 CE 554 CE
  Exarchate of Ravenna  EQ 2020 it_ravenna_exarchate / ItRav** D G SC WF HS PT 568 CE 751 CE
  Republic of St Peter I  EQ 2020 it_st_peter_rep_1 / ItStPet D G SC WF HS PT 711 CE 904 CE
  Cordoba Caliphate  EQ 2020 es_cordoba_cal / EsCordo 756 CE 1031 CE
  Rome - Republic of St Peter II  EQ 2020 it_st_peter_rep_2 / ItPapEM D G SC WF HS PT 904 CE 1198 CE
  Leon  EQ 2020 es_leon_k / EsLeon 910 CE 1158 CE
  Aragon Kingdom  EQ 2020 es_aragon_k / EsAragn 1035 CE 1479 CE
  Castille Kingdom  EQ 2020 es_castille_k / EsCastil 1065 CE 1230 CE
  Sicily Kingdom  EQ 2020 it_sicily_k / ItSicilK 1194 CE 1266 CE
  Papal States - High Medieval Period  EQ 2020 it_papal_state_1 / ItPapHM D G SC WF HS 1198 CE 1309 CE
  Republic of Venice III  EQ 2020 it_venetian_rep_3 / ItVenR3 G SC WF HS PT 1204 CE 1563 CE
  Leon & Castille  EQ 2020 es_leon_castille / EsLeCas 1230 CE 1715 CE
  Italian Republic Restoration Period  EQ 2020 it_republic_restoration PT 1309 CE 1378 CE
  Papal States - Renaissance Period  EQ 2020 it_papal_state_2 / ItPapRn D G SC WF HS PT 1378 CE 1527 CE
  Spanish Empire I  EQ 2020 es_spanish_emp_1 / EsHabsb D G SC WF HS CC PT 1469 CE 1715 CE
  Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period  OTHER pt_portuguese_emp_1 PT 1499 CE 1579 CE
  Papal States - Medieval Period I  EQ 2020 it_papal_state_3 / ItPapM1 D G SC WF HS PT 1527 CE 1648 CE
  Republic of Venice IV  EQ 2020 it_venetian_rep_4 / ItVenR4 G SC WF PT 1564 CE 1797 CE
  Portuguese Empire - Early Modern  OTHER pt_portuguese_emp_2 PT 1640 CE 1806 CE
  Papal States - Medieval Period II  EQ 2020 it_papal_state_4 / ItPapM2 D G SC WF HS PT 1648 CE 1809 CE
  Spanish Empire II  EQ 2020 es_spanish_emp_2 G SC CC PT 1716 CE 1814 CE
  Late Dutch Empire  OTHER nl_dutch_emp_2 1815 CE 1940 CE
  Spanish Empire III  OTHER es_spanish_emp_3 1815 CE 1931 CE
  Kingdom of Italy  OTHER it_italian_k 1861 CE 1946 CE

Northern Europe (Europe)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Icelandic Commonwealth  EQ 2020 is_icelandic_commonwealth / IsCommw D G SC WF HS CC 930 CE 1262 CE
  Kingdom of Norway  EQ 2020 no_norway_k / NorKing D G SC WF HS CC PT 1262 CE 1380 CE
  Kalmar Union  EQ 2020 sv_kalmar_union / SeKalma 1397 CE 1523 CE
  Swedish Kingdom  EQ 2020 sv_swedish_k / SeSwedi 1523 CE 1721 CE
  Danish Empire  OTHER dk_danish_emp_modern 1816 CE 1940 CE
  United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway  OTHER sv_united_k_sweden_and_norway 1816 CE 1905 CE
  Kingdom of Norway I  OTHER no_norway_k_modern 1905 CE 1940 CE
  Kingdom of Sweden  OTHER sv_sweden_k_modern 1906 CE 2020 CE
  Republic of Finland  OTHER su_finland_rep 1917 CE 2020 CE

Central Europe (Europe)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Kingdom of the Huns  EQ 2020 hu_hunnic_emp / HuKHuns D G SC CC 376 CE 469 CE
  Avar Kingdom  EQ 2020 hu_avar_k / HuAvarK 586 CE 822 CE
  Holy Roman Empire I  EQ 2020 de_holy_roman_emp_1 D G SC CC PT 962 CE 1312 CE
  Polish Kingdom  EQ 2020 pl_polish_k / PlPoliK 963 CE 1370 CE
  Hungary Kingdom  EQ 2020 hu_hungary_k / HuKingdom 1000 CE 1500 CE
  High Medieval Bohemian Kingdom  EQ 2020 cz_bohemian_k_1 PT 1198 CE 1309 CE
  Late Medieval Austria  OTHER au_habsburg_1 1278 CE 1453 CE
  Teutonic Order  EQ 2020 pl_teutonic_order / PlTeuton 1300 CE 1400 CE
  Late Medieval Bohemian Kingdom  EQ 2020 cz_bohemian_k_2 D G SC CC PT 1310 CE 1437 CE
  Holy Roman Empire II  EQ 2020 de_holy_roman_emp_2 PT 1313 CE 1648 CE
  Poland-Lithuania Kingdom  EQ 2020 pl_poland_lithuania_k / PlPoLit 1386 CE 1572 CE
  Early Modern Bohemia  EQ 2020 cz_bohemian_k_3 PT 1438 CE 1526 CE
  Early Modern Austria  EQ 2020 au_habsburg_2 D G SC CC PT 1454 CE 1648 CE
  Holy Roman Empire III  EQ 2020 de_holy_roman_emp_3 / DeHRE PT 1649 CE 1806 CE
  Modern Austria  EQ 2020 au_habsburg_3 D G SC CC PT 1649 CE 1866 CE
  Austro-Hungarian Monarchy  EQ 2020 au_austro_hungarian_emp D G SC CC PT 1867 CE 1918 CE
  German Empire - Second Reich  OTHER de_german_reich_2 1871 CE 1918 CE
  Weimar Republic  OTHER de_weimar_rep 1918 CE 1932 CE
  Interwar Austria  EQ 2020 au_interwar_austria PT 1918 CE 1938 CE
  Third Reich  EQ 2020 de_third_reich PT 1933 CE 1945 CE
  Second Austrian Republic  OTHER au_austrian_rep_2 1945 CE 2020 CE

Southeastern Europe (Europe)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Neolithic Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_nl / GrCrNeo D G SC WF HS 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
  Prepalatial Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_pre_palace / GrCrPre D G SC WF HS 3000 BCE 1900 BCE
  The Old Palace Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_old_palace / GrCrOPa D G SC WF HS 1900 BCE 1700 BCE
  New Palace Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_new_palace / GrCrNPa D G SC WF HS 1700 BCE 1450 BCE
  Monopalatial Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_mono_palace / GrCrMPa D G SC WF HS 1450 BCE 1300 BCE
  Postpalatial Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_post_palace_1 / GrCrPPa D G SC WF HS 1300 BCE 1200 BCE
  Final Postpalatial Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_post_palace_2 / GrCrFPa D G SC WF HS 1200 BCE 1000 BCE
  Geometric Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_geometric / GrCrGeo D G SC WF HS 1000 BCE 710 BCE
  Archaic Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_archaic / GrCrArc D G SC WF HS 710 BCE 500 BCE
  Classical Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_classical / GrCrCls D G SC WF HS CC 500 BCE 323 BCE
  Macedonian Empire  EQ 2020 gr_macedonian_emp / GrMaced PT 330 BCE 312 BCE
  Hellenistic Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_hellenistic / GrCrHel D G SC WF HS CC 323 BCE 69 BCE
  Bulgaria - Early  EQ 2020 bg_bulgaria_early / BgErBlg 681 CE 864 CE
  The Emirate of Crete  EQ 2020 gr_crete_emirate / GrCrEmr D G SC WF HS 824 CE 961 CE
  Bulgaria - Middle  EQ 2020 bg_bulgaria_medieval / BgMdBlg 865 CE 1018 CE
  Volga Kingdom  EQ 2020 bg_volga_k / BgVolga 965 CE 1236 CE
  Yugoslavia  OTHER sr_yugoslavia 1944 CE 1992 CE

Eastern Europe (Europe)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Third Scythian Kingdom  EQ 2020 ua_skythian_k_3 / UaSky3K CC 429 BCE 225 BCE
  Novgorod Land  EQ 2020 ru_novgorod_land / RuNovPr 880 CE 1240 CE
  Kievan Rus  EQ 2020 ua_kievan_rus / UaKiev1 CC PT 880 CE 1240 CE
  Principality of Ryazan  EQ 2020 ru_ryazan_principality / RuRyazan 1097 CE 1521 CE
  Russian Principate  EQ 2020 ua_russian_principate / UaRusPr 1133 CE 1240 CE
  Novgorod Republic  EQ 2020 ru_novgorod_rep / RuNovRp 1135 CE 1478 CE
  Vladimir-Suzdal  EQ 2020 ru_vladimir_suzdal / RuVldSz 1157 CE 1331 CE
  Galicia-Volhynia Principality  EQ 2020 ua_galicia_volhynia_principality / UaGalicia 1199 CE 1349 CE
  Grand Principality of Moscow, Mongolian period  EQ 2020 ru_moskva_mongolian_period PT 1240 CE 1479 CE
  Grand Principality of Moscow, Rurikid Dynasty  EQ 2020 ru_moskva_rurik_dyn / RuMoskva CC PT 1480 CE 1613 CE
  Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I  EQ 2020 ru_romanov_dyn_1 PT 1614 CE 1775 CE
  Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II  EQ 2020 ru_romanov_dyn_2 CC PT 1776 CE 1917 CE
  Soviet Union  EQ 2020 ru_soviet_union SC PT 1923 CE 1991 CE
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Africa

Maghreb (Africa)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Carthage Empire  EQ 2020 tn_carthage_emp / TnCarth 814 BCE 146 BCE
  Numidia  EQ 2020 dz_numidia / DzNumid 220 BCE 46 BCE
  Vandal Kingdom  EQ 2020 dz_vandal_k / DzVandal 429 CE 534 CE
  Tahert  EQ 2020 dz_tahert / DzTahrt 761 CE 909 CE
  Idrisids  EQ 2020 ma_idrisid_dyn / MaIdris 789 CE 917 CE
  Zirids  EQ 2020 tn_zirid_dyn / TnZirid 973 CE 1148 CE
  Almoravids  EQ 2020 ma_almoravid_dyn / MaAlmor 1035 CE 1150 CE
  Almohad Empire  EQ 2020 ma_almohad_emp / MaAlmoh 1123 CE 1248 CE
  Banu Ghaniya  EQ 2020 ib_banu_ghaniya / IbBnGhn 1126 CE 1227 CE
  Hafsid Dynasty  EQ 2020 tn_hafsid_dyn / TnHafsid 1227 CE 1452 CE
  Tlemcen  EQ 2020 dz_tlemcen / DzTlmcn 1235 CE 1554 CE
  Marinid Dynasty  EQ 2020 ma_marinid_dyn / MaMarinid 1269 CE 1465 CE
  Wattasid  EQ 2020 ma_wattasid_dyn / MaWaFez 1465 CE 1554 CE
  Alaouite Dynasty I  EQ 2020 mo_alawi_dyn_1 D G SC CC 1631 CE 1727 CE
  Alawi Dynasty  EQ 2020 mo_alawi_dyn_2 1728 CE 1912 CE
  Republic of Tunisia  OTHER tn_tunisia_rep 1956 CE 2020 CE

Northeast Africa (Africa)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Badarian  EQ 2020 eg_badarian / EgBadar D G SC WF HS 4400 BCE 3800 BCE
  Naqada I  EQ 2020 eg_naqada_1 / EgNaqa1 D G SC WF HS 3800 BCE 3550 BCE
  Naqada II  EQ 2020 eg_naqada_2 / EgNaqa2 D G SC WF HS 3550 BCE 3300 BCE
  Egypt - Dynasty 0  EQ 2020 eg_naqada_3 / EgNaqa3 D G SC WF HS 3300 BCE 3100 BCE
  Egypt - Dynasty I  EQ 2020 eg_dynasty_1 / EgDyn1* D G SC WF HS 3100 BCE 2900 BCE
  Egypt - Dynasty II  EQ 2020 eg_dynasty_2 / EgDyn2* D G SC WF HS 2900 BCE 2687 BCE
  Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom  EQ 2020 eg_old_k_1 / EgOldK1 D G SC WF HS PT 2650 BCE 2350 BCE
  Egypt - Late Old Kingdom  EQ 2020 eg_old_k_2 / EgOldK2 D G SC WF HS CC PT 2350 BCE 2150 BCE
  Egypt - Period of the Regions  EQ 2020 eg_regions / EgRegns D G SC WF HS PT 2150 BCE 2016 BCE
  Egypt - Middle Kingdom  EQ 2020 eg_middle_k / EgMidKg D G SC WF HS CC PT 2016 BCE 1700 BCE
  Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period  EQ 2020 eg_thebes_hyksos / EgThebH D G SC WF HS PT 1720 BCE 1567 BCE
  Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period  EQ 2020 eg_new_k_1 / EgNKThu D G SC WF HS PT 1550 BCE 1293 BCE
  Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period  EQ 2020 eg_new_k_2 / EgNKRam D G SC WF HS CC PT 1293 BCE 1070 BCE
  Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period  EQ 2020 eg_thebes_libyan / EgThebL D G SC WF HS 1069 BCE 747 BCE
  Egypt - Kushite Period  EQ 2020 eg_kushite / SdKusht D G SC WF HS CC 747 BCE 656 BCE
  Kush Kingdom  EQ 2020 sd_kush_k / SdKush 747 BCE 656 BCE
  Egypt - Saite Period  EQ 2020 eg_saite / EgSaite D G SC WF HS CC 664 BCE 525 BCE
  Meroe  EQ 2020 sd_meroe / Meroe 600 BCE 300 BCE
  Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period  EQ 2020 eg_inter_occupation / EgIntOc D G SC WF HS 404 BCE 342 BCE
  Ptolemaic Kingdom I  EQ 2020 eg_ptolemaic_k_1 / EgPtol1 D G SC WF HS PT 305 BCE 217 BCE
  Ptolemaic Kingdom II  EQ 2020 eg_ptolemaic_k_2 / EgPtol2 D G SC WF HS CC PT 217 BCE 30 BCE
  Makuria Kingdom I  EQ 2020 sd_makuria_k_1 / SdMakur1 568 CE 618 CE
  Alodia Kingdom  EQ 2020 sd_alodia / SdAlodia 600 CE 1504 CE
  Makuria Kingdom II  EQ 2020 sd_makuria_k_2 / SdMakur2 619 CE 849 CE
  Makuria Kingdom III  EQ 2020 sd_makuria_k_3 / SdMakur3 850 CE 1099 CE
  Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period  EQ 2020 eg_thulunid_ikhshidid / EgTulIk D G SC WF HS 868 CE 969 CE
  Fatimid Caliphate  EQ 2020 tn_fatimid_cal / TnFatim D G SC WF HS CC PT 909 CE 1171 CE
  Ayyubid Sultanate  EQ 2020 eg_ayyubid_sultanate / EgAyyub D G SC WF HS CC 1171 CE 1250 CE
  Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I  EQ 2020 eg_mamluk_sultanate_1 / EgMamBh D G SC WF HS CC PT 1260 CE 1348 CE
  Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II  EQ 2020 eg_mamluk_sultanate_2 / EgMamCP D G SC WF HS CC PT 1348 CE 1412 CE
  Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III  EQ 2020 eg_mamluk_sultanate_3 / EgMamBu D G SC WF HS CC PT 1412 CE 1517 CE
  Republic of Egypt  OTHER eg_egypt_rep 1959 CE 2020 CE

Sahel (Africa)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Mauretania  EQ 2020 ma_mauretania / MaKgMau 125 BCE 44 CE
  Kanem Empire  EQ 2020 td_kanem / TdKanem 850 CE 1380 CE
  Zayyanid Berber Kingdom  EQ 2020 dz_zayyanid_dyn / DzBrbZy 1235 CE 1509 CE
  Songhai Empire  EQ 2020 ml_songhai_1 / MlSong1 1376 CE 1493 CE
  Bornu Empire  EQ 2020 td_bornu_emp / TdBornu 1380 CE 1846 CE

West Africa (Africa)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Middle and Late Nok  New WA ni_nok_1 G SC 1500 BCE 901 BCE
  Middle and Late Nok  New WA ni_nok_2 G SC 900 BCE 0 CE
  No Long Name EDIT ni_proto_yoruboid D G SC 300 BCE 300 CE
  Jenne-jeno I  EQ 2020 ml_jenne_jeno_1 / MlJeJe1 D G SC WF HS 250 BCE 49 CE
  Jenne-jeno II  EQ 2020 ml_jenne_jeno_2 / MlJeJe2 D G SC WF HS 50 CE 399 CE
  West Burkina Faso Yellow I  New WA bf_west_burkina_faso_yellow_5 G SC 100 CE 500 CE
  Early Wagadu Empire  EQ 2020 mr_wagadu_1 / MrWagdE 250 CE 700 CE
  Proto-Yoruba  New WA ni_proto_yoruba G SC 301 CE 649 CE
  Jenne-jeno III  EQ 2020 ml_jenne_jeno_3 / MlJeJe3 D G SC WF HS 400 CE 899 CE
  West Burkina Faso Yellow II  New WA bf_west_burkina_faso_yellow_6 G SC 501 CE 700 CE
  Kwararafa  New WA ni_kwararafa G SC 596 CE 1820 CE
  No Long Name EDIT si_pre_sape D G SC 600 CE 1400 CE
  Late Formative Yoruba  New WA ni_formative_yoruba D G SC 650 CE 1049 CE
  Middle Wagadu Empire  EQ 2020 mr_wagadu_2 / MrWagdM D G SC WF HS 700 CE 1077 CE
  West Burkina Faso Red I  New WA bf_west_burkina_faso_red_1 G SC 701 CE 1100 CE
  Kanem  New WA cd_kanem G SC 800 CE 1379 CE
  Hausa bakwai  New WA ni_hausa_k G SC 900 CE 1808 CE
  Jenne-jeno IV  EQ 2020 ml_jenne_jeno_4 / MlJeJe4 D G SC WF HS 900 CE 1300 CE
  Igodomingodo  New WA ni_igodomingodo G SC 900 CE 1450 CE
  Classical Ife  New WA ni_yoruba_classic G SC 1000 CE 1400 CE
  Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì  New WA ni_nri_k G SC 1043 CE 1911 CE
  Later Wagadu Empire  EQ 2020 mr_wagadu_3 / MrWagdL D G SC WF HS CC 1078 CE 1203 CE
  Mossi  New WA bf_mossi_k_1 G SC 1100 CE 1897 CE
  West Burkina Faso Red II and III  New WA bf_west_burkina_faso_red_2 G SC 1100 CE 1400 CE
  Allada  New WA ni_allada_k G SC 1100 CE 1724 CE
  Benin Empire  New WA ni_benin_emp G SC 1140 CE 1897 CE
  Mali Empire  EQ 2020 ml_mali_emp / MlMali* D G SC WF HS CC 1230 CE 1410 CE
  Kingdom of Waalo  New WA se_waalo_k D G SC 1287 CE 1855 CE
  Oyo  New WA ni_oyo_emp_1 G SC 1300 CE 1535 CE
  Kingdom of Sine  New WA se_sine_k D G SC 1350 CE 1887 CE
  Jolof Empire  New WA se_jolof_emp D G SC 1360 CE 1549 CE
  Kanem-Borno  New WA ni_bornu_emp G SC 1380 CE 1893 CE
  Sape  New WA si_sape G SC 1400 CE 1550 CE
  West Burkina Faso Red IV  New WA bf_west_burkina_faso_red_4 G SC 1401 CE 1500 CE
  Kingdom of Saloum  New WA se_saloum_k D G SC 1490 CE 1863 CE
  Denyanke Kingdom  New WA se_great_fulo_emp D G SC 1490 CE 1776 CE
  Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty  EQ 2020 ml_songhai_2 / MlSong2 D G SC WF HS CC 1493 CE 1591 CE
  Kaabu  New WA gm_kaabu_emp G SC 1500 CE 1867 CE
  Akan - Pre-Ashanti  EQ 2020 gh_akan / GhAshnE D G SC WF HS CC PT 1501 CE 1701 CE
  Kingdom of Cayor  New WA se_cayor_k D G SC 1549 CE 1864 CE
  Kingdom of Jolof  New WA se_jolof_k D G SC 1549 CE 1865 CE
  Kingdom of Baol  New WA se_baol_k D G SC 1550 CE 1890 CE
  Mane  New WA si_mane_emp G SC 1550 CE 1650 CE
  Saadi Sultanate  EQ 2020 ma_saadi_sultanate / MaSaadi D G SC WF HS PT 1554 CE 1659 CE
  Foys  New WA ni_dahomey_k G SC 1600 CE 1892 CE
  Igala  New WA ni_igala_k G SC 1600 CE 1900 CE
  Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́  New WA ni_oyo_emp_2 G SC 1601 CE 1835 CE
  Segou Kingdom  EQ 2020 ml_segou_k / MlSegou D G SC WF HS 1650 CE 1712 CE
  No Long Name EDIT si_early_modern_interior G SC 1650 CE 1896 CE
  Whydah  New WA ni_whydah_k G SC 1671 CE 1727 CE
  Aro  New WA ni_aro G SC 1690 CE 1902 CE
  Ashanti Empire  EQ 2020 gh_ashanti_emp / GhAshnL D G SC WF HS CC PT 1701 CE 1895 CE
  Bamana kingdom  EQ 2020 ml_bamana_k / MlBaman D G SC WF HS PT 1712 CE 1861 CE
  Futa Jallon  New WA gu_futa_jallon G SC 1725 CE 1896 CE
  Imamate of Futa Toro  New WA se_futa_toro_imamate D G SC 1776 CE 1860 CE
  Freetown  New WA si_freetown_1 G SC 1787 CE 1808 CE
  Sokoto Caliphate  New WA ni_sokoto_cal G SC 1804 CE 1904 CE
  Wukari Federation  New WA ni_wukari_fed G SC 1820 CE 1899 CE

Central Africa (Africa)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Early Nyoro  EQ 2020 ug_early_nyoro / UgEarlyNyoro 900 CE 1449 CE
  Cwezi Dynasty  EQ 2020 ug_bunyoro_k_1 / UgCwezi PT 1450 CE 1699 CE
  Kingdom of Congo  EQ 2020 ao_kongo_2 / AoKngo2 1491 CE 1568 CE
  Kingdom of Lunda  OTHER cg_lunda_k 1600 CE 1895 CE
  Kingdom of Rwanda  OTHER rw_rwanda_k 1650 CE 1897 CE
  Bito Dynasty  EQ 2020 ug_bunyoro_k_2 / UgBito PT 1700 CE 1894 CE
  Democratic Republic of the Congo  OTHER cg_congo_democratic_rep 1960 CE 2020 CE
  Republic of Rwanda  OTHER rw_rwanda_rep 1962 CE 2020 CE

East Africa (Africa)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Buhaya  New EA tz_buhayo_k / Buhaya G SC 10000 BCE 2000 CE
  Mubari  New EA rw_mubari_k / Mubari G SC 10000 BCE 2000 CE
  Harla Kingdom  New EA et_harla_k G SC 10000 BCE 2000 CE
  Axum I  EQ 2020 et_aksum_emp_1 / EtAksm1 D G SC WF 149 BCE 349 CE
  Early East Africa Iron Age  OTHER tz_east_africa_ia_1 200 CE 499 CE
  Axum II  EQ 2020 et_aksum_emp_2 / EtAksm2 HS 350 CE 599 CE
  Early Tana 1  OTHER tz_early_tana_1 500 CE 749 CE
  Axum III  EQ 2020 et_aksum_emp_3 / EtAksm3 600 CE 800 CE
  Early Tana 2  OTHER tz_early_tana_2 750 CE 1099 CE
  Tunni Sultanate  New EA so_tunni_sultanate D G SC 800 CE 1200 CE
  Late East Africa Iron Age  OTHER tz_east_africa_ia_2 800 CE 1150 CE
  Classic Tana  New EA tz_tana PT 1100 CE 1498 CE
  Shoa Sultanate  New EA et_showa_sultanate D G SC 1108 CE 1285 CE
  Zagwe  EQ 2020 et_zagwe / EtZagwe 1137 CE 1269 CE
  Ajuran Sultanate  New EA so_ajuran_sultanate D G SC 1250 CE 1700 CE
  Ethiopia Kingdom  EQ 2020 et_ethiopian_k / EtEthiK 1270 CE 1500 CE
  Ifat Sultanate  New EA so_ifat_sultanate D G SC 1280 CE 1375 CE
  Habr Yunis  New EA so_habr_yunis D G SC 1300 CE 1886 CE
  Hadiya Sultanate  New EA et_hadiya_sultanate D G SC 1300 CE 1680 CE
  Isaaq Sultanate  New EA so_isaaq_sultanate D G SC 1300 CE 1886 CE
  Medri Bahri  New EA er_medri_bahri D G SC 1310 CE 1889 CE
  Adal Sultanate  New EA so_adal_sultanate D G SC 1375 CE 1543 CE
  Kingdom of Kaffa  New EA et_kaffa_k D G SC 1390 CE 1897 CE
  Nkore  New EA ug_nkore_k_1 / Early Nkore G SC 1450 CE 1749 CE
  Buganda  New EA ug_buganda_k_1 / Early Buganda copy G SC 1450 CE 1699 CE
  Karagwe  New EA tz_karagwe_k / Karagwe G SC 1500 CE 1916 CE
  Funj Sultanate  New EA et_funj_sultanate D G SC 1504 CE 1820 CE
  Fipa  New EA tz_milansi_k / Milansi G SC 1600 CE 1890 CE
  Kingdom of Niynginya  New EA Early Niynginya G SC 1650 CE 1897 CE
  Emirate of Harar  New EA et_harar_emirate D G SC 1650 CE 1875 CE
  Burundi  New EA bu_burundi_k / Burundi G SC 1680 CE 1903 CE
  Ndorwa  New EA rw_ndorwa_k / Ndorwa G SC 1700 CE 1800 CE
  Gisaka  New EA rw_gisaka_k / Gisaka G SC 1700 CE 1867 CE
  Bugesera  New EA rw_bugesera_k / Bugesera G SC 1700 CE 1799 CE
  Buganda  New EA ug_buganda_k_2 / Classical Buganda G SC 1700 CE 1894 CE
  Early Sultanate of Aussa  New EA et_aussa_sultanate D G SC 1734 CE 1895 CE
  Sultanate of Geledi  New EA so_geledi_sultanate D G SC 1750 CE 1911 CE
  Nkore  New EA ug_nkore_k_2 / Classical Nkore G SC 1750 CE 1901 CE
  Majeerteen Sultanate  New EA so_majeerteen_sultanate D G SC 1750 CE 1926 CE
  Kingdom of Gomma  New EA et_gomma_k D G SC 1780 CE 1886 CE
  Kingdom of Jimma  New EA et_jimma_k D G SC 1790 CE 1932 CE
  Kingdom of Gumma  New EA et_gumma_k D G SC 1800 CE 1897 CE
  Toro  New EA ug_toro_k / Toro G SC 1830 CE 1896 CE

Southern Africa (Africa)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Toutswe  New SA zi_toutswe G SC 700 CE 1250 CE
  Pre-Maravi  OTHER mw_pre_maravi 1151 CE 1399 CE
  Great Zimbabwe  New SA zi_great_zimbabwe G SC 1270 CE 1550 CE
  Early Maravi  OTHER mw_early_maravi 1400 CE 1499 CE
  Mutapa  New SA zi_mutapa G SC 1450 CE 1880 CE
  Torwa-Rozvi  New SA zi_torwa_rozvi G SC 1494 CE 1850 CE
  Northern Maravi Kingdom  OTHER mw_northern_maravi_k 1500 CE 1621 CE
  Maravi Empire  OTHER mw_maravi_emp 1622 CE 1870 CE
  Republic of South Africa  OTHER sa_south_africa_rep 1920 CE 2020 CE
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Southwest Asia

Anatolia-Caucasus (Southwest Asia)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Konya Plain - Early Neolithic  EQ 2020 tr_konya_enl / TrNeoER G SC WF HS 9600 BCE 7000 BCE
  Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic  EQ 2020 tr_konya_mnl / TrNeoCR G SC WF HS 7000 BCE 6600 BCE
  Konya Plain - Late Neolithic  EQ 2020 tr_konya_lnl / TrNeoLT G SC WF HS 6600 BCE 6000 BCE
  Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic  EQ 2020 tr_konya_eca / TrClcER G SC WF HS 6000 BCE 5500 BCE
  Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic  EQ 2020 tr_konya_lca / TrClcLT G SC WF HS 5500 BCE 3000 BCE
  Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age  EQ 2020 tr_konya_eba / TrBrzER D G SC WF HS 3000 BCE 2000 BCE
  Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia  EQ 2020 tr_central_anatolia_mba / TrBrzMD G SC WF HS 2000 BCE 1700 BCE
  Hatti - Old Kingdom  EQ 2020 tr_hatti_old_k / TrHatOK D G SC WF HS CC 1650 BCE 1500 BCE
  Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II  EQ 2020 tr_konya_lba / TrBrzL2 D G SC WF HS 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
  Hatti - New Kingdom  EQ 2020 tr_hatti_new_k / TrHatNK D G SC WF HS CC PT 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
  Urartu Kingdom  EQ 2020 tr_urartu_k / TrUrart 1200 BCE 710 BCE
  Neo-Hittite Kingdom  EQ 2020 tr_neo_hittite_k / TrNHitt D G SC WF HS CC 1180 BCE 900 BCE
  Phrygian Kingdom  EQ 2020 tr_phrygian_k / TrPhryg D G SC WF HS 900 BCE 695 BCE
  Tabal Kingdoms  EQ 2020 tr_tabal_k / TrTabal D G SC WF 900 BCE 730 BCE
  Kingdom of Lydia  EQ 2020 tr_lydia_k / TrLydia D G SC WF HS 670 BCE 546 BCE
  Lysimachus Kingdom  EQ 2020 tr_lysimachus_k / TrLysim D G SC WF HS 323 BCE 281 BCE
  Late Cappadocia  EQ 2020 tr_cappadocia_2 / TrCappL D G SC WF HS 322 BCE 93 BCE
  Pergamon Kingdom  EQ 2020 tr_pergamon_k / TrPergm 282 BCE 133 BCE
  Armenian Kingdom  EQ 2020 am_artaxiad_dyn / AmArtax D G SC CC PT 188 BCE 6 CE
  Roman Empire - Dominate  EQ 2020 tr_roman_dominate / TrRomDm D G SC WF HS CC PT 285 CE 394 CE
  East Roman Empire  EQ 2020 tr_east_roman_emp / TrERom* D G SC WF HS CC PT 395 CE 631 CE
  Byzantine Empire I  EQ 2020 tr_byzantine_emp_1 / TrByzM1 D G SC WF HS CC PT 632 CE 866 CE
  Bzyantine Empire II  EQ 2020 tr_byzantine_emp_2 / TrByzM2 D G SC WF HS CC PT 867 CE 1072 CE
  Kingdom of Georgia II  EQ 2020 ge_georgia_k_2 / GeGeoK2 975 CE 1243 CE
  Byzantine Empire III  EQ 2020 tr_byzantine_emp_3 / TrByzM3 D G SC WF HS PT 1073 CE 1204 CE
  Rum Sultanate  EQ 2020 tr_rum_sultanate / TrRum** D G SC WF HS 1077 CE 1307 CE
  Ottoman Emirate  EQ 2020 tr_ottoman_emirate / TrOttm1 D G SC WF HS PT 1299 CE 1402 CE
  Ottoman Empire I  EQ 2020 tr_ottoman_emp_1 / TrOttm2 D G SC WF HS PT 1402 CE 1517 CE
  Ottoman Empire II  EQ 2020 tr_ottoman_emp_2 / TrOttm3 D G SC WF HS CC PT 1517 CE 1683 CE
  Ottoman Empire III  EQ 2020 tr_ottoman_emp_3 / TrOttm4 D G SC WF HS PT 1683 CE 1839 CE
  Ottoman Empire IV  EQ 2020 tr_ottoman_emp_4 / TrOttm5 HS PT 1839 CE 1922 CE
  Ottoman Empire Late Period  EQ 2020 tr_ottoman_emp_4 / YeOttoL CC 1873 CE 1920 CE
  Republic of Turkey  EQ 2020 tr_turkey_rep PT 1923 CE 2020 CE

Levant (Southwest Asia)

  Polity Name  Polity ID  Coded Data   Year Range
  Canaan  EQ 2020 il_canaan / IlCanaa D G SC WF HS 2000 BCE 1175 BCE
  Mitanni Kingdom  EQ 2020 sy_mitanni_k / SyMitan 1475 BCE 1275 BCE
  Phoenician Empire  EQ 2020 lb_phoenician_emp / LbAcPho D G SC WF HS CC 1200 BCE 332 BCE
  Yisrael  EQ 2020 il_yisrael / IlYisrl D G SC WF HS CC 1030 BCE 722 BCE
  Nabataean Kingdom  EQ 2020 jo_nabataean_k / JoNabat 312 BCE 106 CE
  Yehuda  EQ 2020 il_judea / IlJudea D G SC WF HS CC PT 141 BCE 63 BCE
  Ghassanid Kingdom  EQ 2020 jo_ghassanid_k / JoGhass