Home Region:  West Africa (Africa)

Imamate of Futa Toro

1776 CE 1860 CE
D G SC RG New WA  se_futa_toro_imamate
Preceding Entity: Add one more here.
[Empire of Great Fulo] [None]   Update here

Succeeding Entity:
No Polity found. Add one here.


  General Description   The Imamate of Futa Toro was situated along the Senegal River in present-day northern Senegal and southern Mauritania. The Futa Toro region is south of the Sahara Desert linking it to vital trade routes. [1] The Imamate of Futa Toro was first established in 1776 CE, when Muslim clerics also known as torodbe, overthrew the rulers of the Empire of Great Fulo. [2] The Muslim clerics established an Imamate with an Almamy or Imam as ruler. During the beginning of the nineteenth century the Almamy began to lose power to elite local aristocracy or chieftains who controlled most of the land in the region. During this time many non-Muslims in the region migrated from Futa Toro. In 1860 CE during the Senegambian Jihad of al-Hajj Umar, the French took control over the Futa Toro region as it was crucial for trade along the Senegal River, therefore with the French occupation the Imamate of Futa Toro ended. [3]

[1]: (Clark, 2005) Clark, Andrew F. 2005. ‘Futa Toro’ In Encyclopedia of African History Volume 1: A-G. Edited by Kevin Shillington. London: Taylor and Francis. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/items/GDPPE8E5/collection

[2]: (Klein 1972, 429) Klein, Martin A. 1972. ‘Social and Economic Factors in the Muslim Revolution in Senegambia.’ The Journal of Africa History. Vol. 13:3. Pp 419-441. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/items/ZJRN8UJ8/collection

[3]: (Lapidus, 2014) Lapidus, Ira M. 2014. A History of Islamic Societies. Third Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/search/Lapidus/titleCreatorYear/items/5HAADQHE/item-list

General Variables
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
Language
Religion
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequences Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate) was in:
Home NGA: None
General Variables
Identity and Location Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Utm Zone 28 N Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Original Name Imamate of Futa Toro Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Alternative Name Almamate of Futa Toro Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Alternative Name Fuuta Tooro Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Temporal Bounds Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Duration [1776 CE ➜ 1860 CE] Confident
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Political and Cultural Relations Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Succeeding Entity French Empire Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Preceding Entity
CE
Empire of Great Fulo [None]    Update here
Confident
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Language Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Linguistic Family Niger-Congo Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Linguistic Family Afro-Asiatic Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Language Fula Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Language Arabic Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Religion Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Religious Tradition Islam Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Hierarchical Complexity Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Professions Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Bureaucracy Characteristics Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Law Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Judge Present Inferred 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
Court Present Inferred 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Specialized Buildings: polity owned Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Market Present Inferred 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Drinking Water Supply System Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Communal Building Present Inferred 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Utilitarian Public Building Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Knowledge Or Information Building Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Road Present Inferred 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Special-purpose Sites Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Mines or Quarry Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Trading Emporia Present Inferred 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Special Purpose Site Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Information / Writing System Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Written Record Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Script Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Sacred Text Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Religious Literature Present Inferred 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Calendar Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Information / Money Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Token Present Inferred 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Article Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Information / Postal System Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Measurement System Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Weight Measurement System Present Inferred 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Time Measurement System Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Military use of Metals Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Projectiles Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Handheld weapons Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Animals used in warfare Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Armor Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Naval technology Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners Absent Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain Present Confident 1776 CE  1860 CE
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Human Sacrifice Imamate of Futa Toro (se_futa_toro_imamate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Crisis Cases
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Instability Data
Power Transitions
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