Seshat: Global History Databank

✓ the most current and comprehensive body of knowledge about human history
✓ collects what is currently known about the social and political organization of human societies over time
✓ offers the means to study the past through well-established scientific techniques
✓ founded in 2011 and thriving ever since

Objects

47

Seshat Regions

West Africa (Africa)

Southern Europe (Europe)

East Africa (Africa)

Central Europe (Europe)

Anatolia-Caucasus (Southwest Asia)

Western Europe (Europe)

Iran (Southwest Asia)

North China (East Asia)

and 39 more ... in 10 Macro Regions.

862

Polities

Pandya Dynasty (in: Southern India) 590 CE 915 CE

Funj Sultanate (in: East Africa) 1504 CE 1820 CE

Karkota Dynasty (in: North India) 625 CE 1339 CE

Early Classic Tikal (in: Mexico) 250 CE 554 CE

Early Pandyas (in: Southern India) 300 BCE 300 CE

Pre-Sape Sierra Leone (in: West Africa) 600 CE 1400 CE

Cuzco - Early Intermediate II (in: Andes) 500 CE 649 CE

Emirate of Afghanistan (in: Afghanistan) 1827 CE 1926 CE

and 854 more ... in 47 Seshat Regions.

Seshat

General Variables
26 variables 8888 records

Alternative Name (Identity and Location)

Polity Peak Years (Temporal Bounds)

Polity Capital (Identity and Location)

Polity Language (Language)

Polity Religion (Religion)

Degree of Centralization (Temporal Bounds)

Succeeding Entity (Supra-cultural relations)

Relationship to Preceding Entity (Supra-cultural relations)

and 18 more ... for 542 Polities

Social Complexity Variables
77 variables 26084 records

Polity Territory (Social Scale)

Polity Population (Social Scale)

Settlement Hierarchy (Hierarchical Complexity)

Irrigation System (Specialized Buildings: polity owned)

Merit Promotion (Bureaucracy Characteristics)

Formal Legal Code (Law)

Road (Transport Infrastructure)

Postal Station (Information / Postal System)

and 69 more ... for 618 Polities

Warfare Variables
49 variables 17536 records

Bronze (Military use of Metals)

Javelin (Projectiles)

Battle Axe (Handheld Weapons)

Sword (Handheld Weapons)

Horse (Animals used in warfare)

Small Vessels (canoes, etc) (Naval technology)

Shield (Armor)

Wooden Palisade (Fortifications)

and 41 more ... for 376 Polities

Human Sacrifice
357 records

Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I: Absent 750 CE 899 CE

Early Mongols: Present 1126 CE 1205 CE

French Kingdom - Early Bourbon: Absent 1589 CE 1659 CE

Xiongnu Imperial Confederation: Present 209 BCE 60 BCE

Post-Mauryan Kingdoms: Absent 205 BCE 101 BCE

Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom: Absent 2650 BCE 2351 BCE

Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period: Present 1069 BCE 761 BCE

Phrygian Kingdom: Absent 900 BCE 696 BCE

and 349 more ... coded for 323 Polities

CrisisDB

Power Transitions
Overturn / Intra-Elite / Military Revolt / Popular Uprising / Separatist Rebellion / External Invasion / External Interference / Predecessor Assassination 
880 CE 890 CE (Late Pallava Empire)
Aparajita None
Overturn External Invasion
38 CE 51 CE (Parthian Empire II)
Gotarzes II Vonones II
Overturn Intra-Elite Predecessor Assassination
1593 CE (Kingdom of Baol)
Mamalik Thioro Tié N’Della
1692 CE 1698 CE (Mutapa)
Nyakambira Nyamaende Mhande
242 CE 270 CE (Sasanid Empire I)
Shapur I Hormizd I
1183 CE 1185 CE (Byzantine Empire III)
Andronicus I Komnenos Isaac II Angelus
Overturn Intra-Elite Popular Uprising External Invasion Predecessor Assassination
1363 CE 1377 CE (Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II)
Al-Ashraf Shaban II Al-Mansur Ali II
1202 CE 1203 CE (Kievan Rus)
Igor III Roman II the Great and Rostislav II

and 3439 more ... coded for 263 Polities

Crisis Consequences
Population Decline / Population Collapse / Elite Downward Mobility / Elite Extermination / Uprising / Revolution / Successful Revolution / Civil War / Lasted > a Century / Capital Loss / External Conquest / Ruler Assassination / Ruler Depose / Constitution Change / Labor Change / Unfree Labor Change / Suffrage / Public Goods Change / Religion Change 
150 CE 224 CE (Parthian Empire II)
Fall of the Parthian Empire
Epidemic Civil War External Conquest Ruler Assassination
1337 CE 1453 CE (French Kingdom - Early Valois)
Hundred Years' War
Population Decline Population Collapse Epidemic Elite Downward Mobility Elite Extermination Uprising Civil War Lasted > a Century Fragmentation Capital Loss External Conquest Ruler Depose Constitution Change
44 BCE 31 BCE (Late Roman Republic)
Rome's transition from republic to empire
Population Decline Elite Downward Mobility Elite Extermination Civil War Ruler Assassination Ruler Depose Constitution Change
1261 CE 1262 CE (Icelandic Commonwealth)
Norweigan Conquest of Iceland and the end of the Commonwealth
Elite Downward Mobility External Conquest Constitution Change
1528 CE 1570 CE (Inca Empire)
Inca decline and civil war
Population Decline Population Collapse Epidemic Elite Downward Mobility Civil War Capital Loss External Conquest Ruler Assassination Constitution Change
1193 CE 1260 CE (Ayyubid Sultanate)
Decline and fall of Ayyubid dynasty
Population Decline Uprising Fragmentation External Conquest Ruler Depose
1838 CE 1858 CE (Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial)
Colonial occupation of Sarawak by the Brooke family ("White Rajahs")
Elite Downward Mobility Ruler Depose Constitution Change
1598 CE 1603 CE (Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama)
Foundation of Tokugawa Shogunate
Elite Downward Mobility Elite Extermination Uprising Ruler Depose

and 161 more ... coded for 153 Polities

🇺🇸 US Political Violence Database
Date / Violence Type / Violence Subtype(s) / Location(s) / Fatalities / Narrative / Source(s)

July 1, 1919 Riot (race) in Texas (TX), Longview: 4 were killed. -

Sept. 1, 1919 Riot (race) in Arkansas (AR), Philips: 30 were killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

Jan. 1, 1787 Riot (political) in Massachusetts (MA), Springfield: 4 were killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

March 1, 1871 Lynching (race) in South Carolina (SC), York: 1 was killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

July 22, 2023 Terrorism in Maryland (MD): 1 was killed.   ACLED: The Armed Conflict Location & Event Data

Aug. 3, 2010 Terrorism (work) in Connecticut (CT), Manchester: 9 were killed.  

April 1, 1883 Riot (race) in Texas (TX), Marshall: 3 were killed.   Hartford Daily Courant Or The Hartford Courant

May 1, 2010 Terrorism (political) in Arkansas (AR), West Memphis: 4 were killed.   The New York Times

and 1940 more ...