Seshat: Global History Databank

✓ the most current and comprehensive body of knowledge about human history
✓ collects what is currently known about the social and political organization of human societies over time
✓ offers the means to study the past through well-established scientific techniques
✓ founded in 2011 and thriving ever since

Seshat

General Variables
26 variables 8877 records

Alternative Name (Identity and Location)

Polity Peak Years (Temporal Bounds)

Polity Capital (Identity and Location)

Polity Language (Language)

Polity Religion (Religion)

Degree of Centralization (Temporal Bounds)

Succeeding Entity (Supra-cultural relations)

Relationship to Preceding Entity (Supra-cultural relations)

and 18 more ... for 542 Polities

Social Complexity Variables
77 variables 25102 records

Polity Territory (Social Scale)

Polity Population (Social Scale)

Settlement Hierarchy (Hierarchical Complexity)

Irrigation System (Specialized Buildings: polity owned)

Merit Promotion (Bureaucracy Characteristics)

Formal Legal Code (Law)

Road (Transport Infrastructure)

Postal Station (Information / Postal System)

and 69 more ... for 619 Polities

Warfare Variables
49 variables 17537 records

Bronze (Military use of Metals)

Javelin (Projectiles)

Battle Axe (Handheld Weapons)

Sword (Handheld Weapons)

Horse (Animals used in warfare)

Small Vessels (canoes, etc) (Naval technology)

Shield (Armor)

Wooden Palisade (Fortifications)

and 41 more ... for 377 Polities

Human Sacrifice
357 records

Monte Alban IIIB and IV: Present 500 CE 899 CE

Icelandic Commonwealth: Absent 1001 CE 1262 CE

Medang Kingdom: Present 732 CE 1019 CE

Durrani Empire: Absent 1748 CE 1826 CE

Mahajanapada era: Absent 600 BCE 325 BCE

Seleucids: Absent 312 BCE 63 BCE

Andronovo: Absent 1800 BCE 1401 BCE

Byzantine Empire I: Absent 632 CE 823 CE

and 349 more ... coded for 323 Polities

CrisisDB

Power Transitions
Overturn / Intra-Elite / Military Revolt / Popular Uprising / Separatist Rebellion / External Invasion / External Interference / Predecessor Assassination 
1748 CE 1749 CE (Kingdom of Cayor)
Isa Bige N'Gone M'Bathio Samb
Intra-Elite External Inteference
1769 CE 1777 CE (Funj Sultanate)
Isma'il Adlan II
Overturn Intra-Elite Military Revolt Separatist Rebellion External Invasion External Inteference
684 CE 690 CE (Tang Dynasty I)
Ruizong of Tang (Li Dan, Jui Tsung) Wu Zhao, Empress Regnant of the Zhou Dynasty (Wu Zetain, Wu Hou)
Overturn Intra-Elite
800 CE 846 CE (Late Pallava Empire)
Dantivarman Nandivarman III
Separatist Rebellion External Invasion External Inteference
1640 CE 1648 CE (Ottoman Empire II)
Ibrahim Mehmed IV
Overturn Intra-Elite Military Revolt Popular Uprising Predecessor Assassination
1394 CE 1399 CE (Late Mongols)
Elbeg Kün Temür
Intra-Elite Predecessor Assassination
1454 CE 1455 CE (Classic Tana)
Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad b. Sulayman, al-Maẓlūm Aḥmad b. Sulaymān b. Muḥammad
1789 CE 1797 CE (Foys)
Agonglo Adanzan

and 3440 more ... coded for 263 Polities

Crisis Consequences
Population Decline / Population Collapse / Elite Downward Mobility / Elite Extermination / Uprising / Revolution / Successful Revolution / Civil War / Lasted > a Century / Capital Loss / External Conquest / Ruler Assassination / Ruler Depose / Constitution Change / Labor Change / Unfree Labor Change / Suffrage / Public Goods Change / Religion Change 
306 CE 324 CE (Roman Empire - Dominate)
Civil Wars of Tetrarchy
Uprising Civil War Constitution Change
1810 CE 1821 CE (Spanish Empire II)
Mexican War of Independence
Elite Downward Mobility Uprising Revolution Successful Revolution Civil War Ruler Assassination Ruler Depose Constitution Change
1524 CE 1589 CE (Safavid Empire)
Sixteenth-century crisis in the Safavid Empire
Elite Extermination Civil War Fragmentation External Conquest Ruler Depose
523 CE 535 CE (Northern Wei)
Rebellions and Civil War
Uprising Civil War Fragmentation Ruler Assassination Ruler Depose
1270 CE 1275 CE (Mali Empire)
Palace Intrigue
Ruler Assassination Ruler Depose
500 CE 600 CE (Classic Basin of Mexico)
Crisis at Teotihuacan
Population Decline Civil War Lasted > a Century
1156 CE 1185 CE (Heian)
Rebellion and Civil War
Elite Downward Mobility Uprising Civil War Ruler Depose Constitution Change
1236 CE 1242 CE (Kievan Rus)
Disintegration of the Kievan Rus
Elite Downward Mobility Fragmentation External Conquest Ruler Depose

and 161 more ... coded for 153 Polities

🇺🇸 US Political Violence Database
Date / Violence Type / Violence Subtype(s) / Location(s) / Fatalities / Narrative / Source(s)

May 16, 2022 Terrorism (political) in California (CA), Laguna Woods, Orange: 1 was killed.   ACLED: The Armed Conflict Location & Event Data

May 21, 2006 Terrorism in Louisiana (LA), Baton Rouge: 5 were killed.   TVPDB: The Violence Project database of mass shootings in the United States (Version 7)

Jan. 1, 1868 Riot (section) in Tennessee (TN), Fayetteville, Lincoln: 2 were killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

March 1, 2009 Terrorism (political) in California (CA), Oakland: 5 were killed.   The New York Times

Nov. 1, 1898 Riot (race) in Alabama (AL), Anniston: 3 were killed.   Hartford Daily Courant Or The Hartford Courant

Aug. 1, 1931 Lynching (race) in Alabama (AL), Haynesville: 1 was killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

Dec. 1, 2008 Riot (ethnic) in New York (NY), Brooklyn: 1 was killed.   The New York Times

July 1, 1930 Riot (race) in Alabama (AL), Emelle: 5 were killed.   Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

and 1917 more ...