Section: Social Complexity

Subsection: Bureaucracy characteristics

Merit Promotion

Talking about bureaucracy characteristics, merit promotion is coded present if there are regular, institutionalized procedures for promotion based on performance. when exceptional individuals are promoted to the top ranks, in the absence of institutionalized procedures, we code it under institution and equity variables

Contributors: Jenny, Majid, Peter

Metadata:

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Variable	Definition
Polity	The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s)	The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence	Inferred : The value is inferred. Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed). Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed?	No : No disagreement among scholars. Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert?	: Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert. : Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable	Definition
merit_promotion	The absence or presence of merit promotion for a polity.

Actual Data:

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#	Polity	Year(s)	Merit Promotion	Confidence	Disputed?	Edit
1	Egypt - Saite Period	664 BCE 571 BCE	present	Inferred	No	Edit
2	Egypt - Saite Period	570 BCE 525 BCE	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
3	Eastern Han Empire	25 CE 150 CE	present	Confident	No	Edit
4	Eastern Han Empire	151 CE 199 CE	unknown	Confident	No	Edit
5	Eastern Han Empire	200 CE 220 CE	absent	Confident	No	Edit
6	Samanid Empire	819 CE 942 CE	present	Confident	No	Edit
7	Samanid Empire	943 CE 999 CE	absent	Confident	No	Edit
8	Khanate of Bukhara	1599 CE 1702 CE	absent	Confident	No	Edit
9	Khanate of Bukhara	1702 CE 1747 CE	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
10	Spanish Empire II	1716 CE 1814 CE	present	Confident	No	Edit
11	Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II	1867 CE 1918 CE	present	Confident	No	Edit
12	Akan - Pre-Ashanti	* Year Range of Akan - Pre-Ashanti is assumed. [1501, 1701]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
13	Hawaii I	* Year Range of Hawaii I is assumed. [1000, 1200]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
14	Yangshao	* Year Range of Yangshao is assumed. [-5000, -3000]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
15	Neguanje	* Year Range of Neguanje is assumed. [250, 1050]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
16	Shuar - Colonial	* Year Range of Shuar - Colonial is assumed. [1534, 1830]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
17	Shuar - Ecuadorian	* Year Range of Shuar - Ecuadorian is assumed. [1831, 1931]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
18	Hawaii III	* Year Range of Hawaii III is assumed. [1580, 1778]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
19	Badarian	* Year Range of Badarian is assumed. [-4400, -3800]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
20	Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial	* Year Range of Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial is assumed. [1841, 1987]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
21	Early Garo	* Year Range of Early Garo is assumed. [1775, 1867]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
22	Rashtrakuta Empire	* Year Range of Rashtrakuta Empire is assumed. [753, 973]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
23	Egypt - Middle Kingdom	* Year Range of Egypt - Middle Kingdom is assumed. [-2016, -1700]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
24	Naqada I	* Year Range of Naqada I is assumed. [-3800, -3550]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
25	Naqada II	* Year Range of Naqada II is assumed. [-3550, -3300]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
26	Egypt - Dynasty 0	* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty 0 is assumed. [-3300, -3100]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
27	Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period	* Year Range of Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period is assumed. [-1069, -747]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
28	Beaker Culture	* Year Range of Beaker Culture is assumed. [-3200, -2000]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
29	Hallstatt A-B1	* Year Range of Hallstatt A-B1 is assumed. [-1000, -900]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
30	Hallstatt B2-3	* Year Range of Hallstatt B2-3 is assumed. [-900, -700]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
31	Hallstatt C	* Year Range of Hallstatt C is assumed. [-700, -600]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
32	Hallstatt D	* Year Range of Hallstatt D is assumed. [-600, -475]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
33	Early Merovingian	* Year Range of Early Merovingian is assumed. [481, 543]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
34	La Tene A-B1	* Year Range of La Tene A-B1 is assumed. [-475, -325]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
35	La Tene B2-C1	* Year Range of La Tene B2-C1 is assumed. [-325, -175]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
36	La Tene C2-D	* Year Range of La Tene C2-D is assumed. [-175, -27]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
37	The Emirate of Crete	* Year Range of The Emirate of Crete is assumed. [824, 961]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
38	Koktepe II	* Year Range of Koktepe II is assumed. [-750, -550]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
39	Himyar I	* Year Range of Himyar I is assumed. [270, 340]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
40	Himyar II	* Year Range of Himyar II is assumed. [378, 525]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
41	Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty	* Year Range of Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty is assumed. [1637, 1805]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
42	Durrani Empire	* Year Range of Durrani Empire is assumed. [1747, 1826]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
43	Kushan Empire	* Year Range of Kushan Empire is assumed. [35, 319]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
44	Early Qing	* Year Range of Early Qing is assumed. [1644, 1796]	present	Confident	No	Edit
45	Great Yuan	* Year Range of Great Yuan is assumed. [1271, 1368]	present	Confident	No	Edit
46	Tairona	* Year Range of Tairona is assumed. [1050, 1524]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
47	Egypt - Dynasty I	* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty I is assumed. [-3100, -2900]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
48	Northern Wei	* Year Range of Northern Wei is assumed. [386, 534]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
49	Late Qing	* Year Range of Late Qing is assumed. [1796, 1912]	present	Confident	No	Edit
50	Late Shang	* Year Range of Late Shang is assumed. [-1250, -1045]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
51	Neolithic Crete	* Year Range of Neolithic Crete is assumed. [-7000, -3000]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
52	Prepalatial Crete	* Year Range of Prepalatial Crete is assumed. [-3000, -1900]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
53	Hawaii II	* Year Range of Hawaii II is assumed. [1200, 1580]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
54	Iban - Pre-Brooke	* Year Range of Iban - Pre-Brooke is assumed. [1650, 1841]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
55	Majapahit Kingdom	* Year Range of Majapahit Kingdom is assumed. [1292, 1518]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
56	Canaan	* Year Range of Canaan is assumed. [-2000, -1175]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
57	Yisrael	* Year Range of Yisrael is assumed. [-1030, -722]	unknown	Confident	No	Edit
58	Deccan - Iron Age	* Year Range of Deccan - Iron Age is assumed. [-1200, -300]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
59	Deccan - Neolithic	* Year Range of Deccan - Neolithic is assumed. [-2700, -1200]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
60	Bazi Dynasty	* Year Range of Bazi Dynasty is assumed. [-1005, -986]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
61	Dynasty of E	* Year Range of Dynasty of E is assumed. [-979, -732]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
62	Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar	* Year Range of Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar is assumed. [-7000, -6000]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
63	Satavahana Empire	* Year Range of Satavahana Empire is assumed. [-100, 203]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
64	Elam - Crisis Period	* Year Range of Elam - Crisis Period is assumed. [-1100, -900]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
65	Susiana A	* Year Range of Susiana A is assumed. [-6000, -5700]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
66	Abbasid Caliphate II	* Year Range of Abbasid Caliphate II is assumed. [1191, 1258]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
67	Susa I	* Year Range of Susa I is assumed. [-4300, -3800]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
68	Early Dynastic	* Year Range of Early Dynastic is assumed. [-2900, -2500]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
69	Latium - Copper Age	* Year Range of Latium - Copper Age is assumed. [-3600, -1800]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
70	Papal States - Medieval Period I	* Year Range of Papal States - Medieval Period I is assumed. [1527, 1648]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
71	Ayyubid Sultanate	* Year Range of Ayyubid Sultanate is assumed. [1171, 1250]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
72	Egypt - Dynasty II	* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty II is assumed. [-2900, -2687]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
73	Ptolemaic Kingdom I	* Year Range of Ptolemaic Kingdom I is assumed. [-305, -217]	present	Confident	No	Edit
74	Ptolemaic Kingdom II	* Year Range of Ptolemaic Kingdom II is assumed. [-217, -30]	present	Confident	No	Edit
75	Delhi Sultanate	* Year Range of Delhi Sultanate is assumed. [1206, 1526]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
76	Late Garo	* Year Range of Late Garo is assumed. [1867, 1956]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
77	Isin-Larsa	* Year Range of Isin-Larsa is assumed. [-2004, -1763]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
78	Achaemenid Empire	* Year Range of Achaemenid Empire is assumed. [-550, -331]	present	Confident	No	Edit
79	Ak Koyunlu	* Year Range of Ak Koyunlu is assumed. [1339, 1501]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
80	Neo-Assyrian Empire	* Year Range of Neo-Assyrian Empire is assumed. [-911, -612]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
81	Ubaid	* Year Range of Ubaid is assumed. [-5500, -4201]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
82	Uruk	* Year Range of Uruk is assumed. [-4000, -2900]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
83	Papal States - Medieval Period II	* Year Range of Papal States - Medieval Period II is assumed. [1648, 1809]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
84	Middle Roman Republic	* Year Range of Middle Roman Republic is assumed. [-264, -133]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
85	Ashikaga Shogunate	* Year Range of Ashikaga Shogunate is assumed. [1336, 1467]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
86	Japan - Incipient Jomon	* Year Range of Japan - Incipient Jomon is assumed. [-13600, -9200]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
87	Japan - Middle Jomon	* Year Range of Japan - Middle Jomon is assumed. [-3500, -2500]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
88	Latium - Bronze Age	* Year Range of Latium - Bronze Age is assumed. [-1800, -900]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
89	Japan - Final Jomon	* Year Range of Japan - Final Jomon is assumed. [-1200, -300]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
90	Kara-Khanids	* Year Range of Kara-Khanids is assumed. [950, 1212]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
91	Chenla	* Year Range of Chenla is assumed. [550, 825]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
92	Funan I	* Year Range of Funan I is assumed. [225, 540]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
93	Funan II	* Year Range of Funan II is assumed. [540, 640]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
94	Early Angkor	* Year Range of Early Angkor is assumed. [802, 1100]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
95	Early Monte Alban I	* Year Range of Early Monte Alban I is assumed. [-500, -300]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
96	Archaic Basin of Mexico	* Year Range of Archaic Basin of Mexico is assumed. [-6000, -2001]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
97	Epiclassic Basin of Mexico	* Year Range of Epiclassic Basin of Mexico is assumed. [650, 899]	present	Confident	No	Edit
98	Qajar	* Year Range of Qajar is assumed. [1794, 1925]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
99	Sasanid Empire I	* Year Range of Sasanid Empire I is assumed. [205, 487]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
100	Sasanid Empire II	* Year Range of Sasanid Empire II is assumed. [488, 642]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
101	Elam - Shimashki Period	* Year Range of Elam - Shimashki Period is assumed. [-2028, -1940]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
102	Elam - Early Sukkalmah	* Year Range of Elam - Early Sukkalmah is assumed. [-1900, -1701]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
103	Ostrogothic Kingdom	* Year Range of Ostrogothic Kingdom is assumed. [489, 554]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
104	Exarchate of Ravenna	* Year Range of Exarchate of Ravenna is assumed. [568, 751]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
105	Western Turk Khaganate	* Year Range of Western Turk Khaganate is assumed. [582, 630]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
106	Andronovo	* Year Range of Andronovo is assumed. [-1800, -1200]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
107	Phoenician Empire	* Year Range of Phoenician Empire is assumed. [-1200, -332]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
108	Jenne-jeno I	* Year Range of Jenne-jeno I is assumed. [-250, 49]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
109	Jenne-jeno II	* Year Range of Jenne-jeno II is assumed. [50, 399]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
110	Jenne-jeno III	* Year Range of Jenne-jeno III is assumed. [400, 899]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
111	Jenne-jeno IV	* Year Range of Jenne-jeno IV is assumed. [900, 1300]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
112	Mali Empire	* Year Range of Mali Empire is assumed. [1230, 1410]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
113	Late Mongols	* Year Range of Late Mongols is assumed. [1368, 1690]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
114	Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty	* Year Range of Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty is assumed. [1493, 1591]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
115	Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic	* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic is assumed. [-7500, -5500]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
116	Egypt - Kushite Period	* Year Range of Egypt - Kushite Period is assumed. [-747, -656]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
117	Eastern Turk Khaganate	* Year Range of Eastern Turk Khaganate is assumed. [583, 630]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
118	Early Xiongnu	* Year Range of Early Xiongnu is assumed. [-1400, -300]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
119	Rouran Khaganate	* Year Range of Rouran Khaganate is assumed. [300, 555]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
120	Second Turk Khaganate	* Year Range of Second Turk Khaganate is assumed. [682, 744]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
121	Later Wagadu Empire	* Year Range of Later Wagadu Empire is assumed. [1078, 1203]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
122	Xianbei Confederation	* Year Range of Xianbei Confederation is assumed. [100, 250]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
123	Aztec Empire	* Year Range of Aztec Empire is assumed. [1427, 1526]	present	Confident	No	Edit
124	Hatti - Old Kingdom	* Year Range of Hatti - Old Kingdom is assumed. [-1650, -1500]	present	Confident	No	Edit
125	Neo-Hittite Kingdoms	* Year Range of Neo-Hittite Kingdoms is assumed. [-1180, -900]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
126	Ottoman Empire III	* Year Range of Ottoman Empire III is assumed. [1683, 1839]	present	Confident	No	Edit
127	Roman Empire - Dominate	* Year Range of Roman Empire - Dominate is assumed. [285, 394]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
128	Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period	* Year Range of Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period is assumed. [1778, 1819]	present	Confident	No	Edit
129	Early Formative Basin of Mexico	* Year Range of Early Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed. [-1200, -801]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
130	Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico	* Year Range of Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed. [-100, 99]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
131	Oaxaca - San Jose	* Year Range of Oaxaca - San Jose is assumed. [-1150, -700]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
132	Cuzco - Late Intermediate II	* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Intermediate II is assumed. [1250, 1400]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
133	Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial	* Year Range of Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial is assumed. [1734, 1883]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
134	Orokaiva - Colonial	* Year Range of Orokaiva - Colonial is assumed. [1884, 1942]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
135	Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period	* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period is assumed. [-1300, -500]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
136	Ayutthaya	* Year Range of Ayutthaya is assumed. [1593, 1767]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
137	Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II	* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II is assumed. [-1500, -1400]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
138	Hatti - New Kingdom	* Year Range of Hatti - New Kingdom is assumed. [-1400, -1180]	present	Confident	No	Edit
139	Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic	* Year Range of Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic is assumed. [-7000, -6600]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
140	Konya Plain - Early Neolithic	* Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Neolithic is assumed. [-9600, -7000]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
141	Konya Plain - Late Neolithic	* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Neolithic is assumed. [-6600, -6000]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
142	Burundi	* Year Range of Burundi is assumed. [1680, 1903]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
143	Bugesera	* Year Range of Bugesera is assumed. [1700, 1799]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
144	Kaabu	* Year Range of Kaabu is assumed. [1500, 1867]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
145	Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III	* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III is assumed. [1412, 1517]	present	Confident	No	Edit
146	Rum Sultanate	* Year Range of Rum Sultanate is assumed. [1077, 1307]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
147	Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late	* Year Range of Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late is assumed. [1714, 1848]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
148	Egypt - Late Old Kingdom	* Year Range of Egypt - Late Old Kingdom is assumed. [-2350, -2150]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
149	Atlantic Complex	* Year Range of Atlantic Complex is assumed. [-2200, -1000]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
150	Byzantine Empire I	* Year Range of Byzantine Empire I is assumed. [632, 866]	present	Confident	No	Edit
151	Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II	* Year Range of Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II is assumed. [1649, 1918]	present	Confident	No	Edit
152	British Empire I	* Year Range of British Empire I is assumed. [1690, 1849]	present	Confident	No	Edit
153	Napoleonic France	* Year Range of Napoleonic France is assumed. [1816, 1870]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
154	Lombard Kingdom	* Year Range of Lombard Kingdom is assumed. [568, 774]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
155	Khwarezmid Empire	* Year Range of Khwarezmid Empire is assumed. [1157, 1231]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
156	Hohokam Culture	* Year Range of Hohokam Culture is assumed. [300, 1500]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
157	Golden Horde	* Year Range of Golden Horde is assumed. [1240, 1440]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
158	Saffarid Caliphate	* Year Range of Saffarid Caliphate is assumed. [861, 1003]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
159	British Empire IIIIIIIIII	* Year Range of British Empire IIIIIIIIII is assumed. [1850, 1968]	present	Confident	No	Edit
160	Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty	* Year Range of Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty is assumed. [919, 1125]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
161	Plantagenet England	* Year Range of Plantagenet England is assumed. [1144, 1485]	present	Confident	No	Edit
162	Us Reconstruction-Progressive	* Year Range of Us Reconstruction-Progressive is assumed. [1866, 1933]	present	Confident	No	Edit
163	Cuzco - Early Intermediate I	* Year Range of Cuzco - Early Intermediate I is assumed. [200, 499]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
164	Cuzco - Early Intermediate II	* Year Range of Cuzco - Early Intermediate II is assumed. [500, 649]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
165	Cuzco - Late Intermediate I	* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Intermediate I is assumed. [1000, 1250]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
166	Cuzco - Late Formative	* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Formative is assumed. [-500, 200]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
167	Tudor and Early Stuart England	* Year Range of Tudor and Early Stuart England is assumed. [1486, 1689]	present	Confident	No	Edit
168	Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period	* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period is assumed. [-3200, -2500]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
169	Sakha - Early	* Year Range of Sakha - Early is assumed. [1400, 1632]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
170	Sarazm	* Year Range of Sarazm is assumed. [-3500, -2000]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
171	Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age	* Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age is assumed. [-3000, -2000]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
172	Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia	* Year Range of Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia is assumed. [-2000, -1700]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
173	Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic	* Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic is assumed. [-6000, -5500]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
174	Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic	* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic is assumed. [-5500, -3000]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
175	East Roman Empire	* Year Range of East Roman Empire is assumed. [395, 631]	present	Confident	No	Edit
176	Lysimachus Kingdom	* Year Range of Lysimachus Kingdom is assumed. [-323, -281]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
177	Phrygian Kingdom	* Year Range of Phrygian Kingdom is assumed. [-900, -695]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
178	Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early	* Year Range of Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early is assumed. [1566, 1713]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
179	Cahokia - Early Woodland	* Year Range of Cahokia - Early Woodland is assumed. [-600, -150]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
180	Cahokia - Late Woodland II	* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland II is assumed. [450, 600]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
181	Cahokia - Middle Woodland	* Year Range of Cahokia - Middle Woodland is assumed. [-150, 300]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
182	Cahokia - Late Woodland III	* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland III is assumed. [600, 750]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
183	Cahokia - Late Woodland I	* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland I is assumed. [300, 450]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
184	Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I	* Year Range of Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I is assumed. [750, 900]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
185	Chagatai Khanate	* Year Range of Chagatai Khanate is assumed. [1263, 1402]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
186	Hephthalites	* Year Range of Hephthalites is assumed. [408, 561]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
187	Western Jin	* Year Range of Western Jin is assumed. [265, 317]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
188	Timurid Empire	* Year Range of Timurid Empire is assumed. [1370, 1526]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
189	Sui Dynasty	* Year Range of Sui Dynasty is assumed. [581, 618]	present	Confident	No	Edit
190	Tang Dynasty I	* Year Range of Tang Dynasty I is assumed. [617, 763]	present	Confident	No	Edit
191	Tang Dynasty II	* Year Range of Tang Dynasty II is assumed. [763, 907]	present	Confident	No	Edit
192	Early Wei Dynasty	* Year Range of Early Wei Dynasty is assumed. [-445, -225]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
193	Japan - Early Jomon	* Year Range of Japan - Early Jomon is assumed. [-5300, -3500]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
194	Japan - Late Jomon	* Year Range of Japan - Late Jomon is assumed. [-2500, -1200]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
195	Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period	* Year Range of Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period is assumed. [-1293, -1070]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
196	Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period	* Year Range of Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period is assumed. [-404, -342]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
197	Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II	* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II is assumed. [1348, 1412]	present	Confident	No	Edit
198	Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period	* Year Range of Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period is assumed. [-1720, -1567]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
199	Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period	* Year Range of Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period is assumed. [868, 969]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
200	Chuuk - Early Truk	* Year Range of Chuuk - Early Truk is assumed. [1775, 1886]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
201	French Kingdom - Early Bourbon	* Year Range of French Kingdom - Early Bourbon is assumed. [1589, 1660]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
202	Carolingian Empire I	* Year Range of Carolingian Empire I is assumed. [752, 840]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
203	Maurya Empire	* Year Range of Maurya Empire is assumed. [-324, -187]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
204	Mughal Empire	* Year Range of Mughal Empire is assumed. [1526, 1858]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
205	Abbasid Caliphate I	* Year Range of Abbasid Caliphate I is assumed. [750, 946]	present	Confident	Yes	Edit
206	Abbasid Caliphate I	* Year Range of Abbasid Caliphate I is assumed. [750, 946]	absent	Confident	Yes	Edit
207	Kassite Babylonia	* Year Range of Kassite Babylonia is assumed. [-1595, -1150]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
208	Late Xiongnu	* Year Range of Late Xiongnu is assumed. [-60, 100]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
209	Buyid Confederation	* Year Range of Buyid Confederation is assumed. [932, 1062]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
210	Formative Period	* Year Range of Formative Period is assumed. [-7200, -7000]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
211	Ilkhanate	* Year Range of Ilkhanate is assumed. [1256, 1339]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
212	Susiana B	* Year Range of Susiana B is assumed. [-5700, -5100]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
213	Susiana - Late Ubaid	* Year Range of Susiana - Late Ubaid is assumed. [-4700, -4300]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
214	Susiana - Early Ubaid	* Year Range of Susiana - Early Ubaid is assumed. [-5100, -4700]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
215	Elam II	* Year Range of Elam II is assumed. [-743, -647]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
216	Seljuk Sultanate	* Year Range of Seljuk Sultanate is assumed. [1037, 1157]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
217	Latium - Iron Age	* Year Range of Latium - Iron Age is assumed. [-1000, -580]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
218	Rome - Republic of St Peter II	* Year Range of Rome - Republic of St Peter II is assumed. [904, 1198]	present	Confident	No	Edit
219	Papal States - Renaissance Period	* Year Range of Papal States - Renaissance Period is assumed. [1378, 1527]	present	Confident	No	Edit
220	Early Roman Republic	* Year Range of Early Roman Republic is assumed. [-509, -264]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
221	Late Roman Republic	* Year Range of Late Roman Republic is assumed. [-133, -31]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
222	Roman Empire - Principate	* Year Range of Roman Empire - Principate is assumed. [-31, 284]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
223	Roman Kingdom	* Year Range of Roman Kingdom is assumed. [-716, -509]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
224	Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity	* Year Range of Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity is assumed. [395, 476]	present	Confident	No	Edit
225	Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity	* Year Range of Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity is assumed. [395, 476]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
226	Xiongnu Imperial Confederation	* Year Range of Xiongnu Imperial Confederation is assumed. [-209, -60]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
227	Republic of Venice IV	* Year Range of Republic of Venice IV is assumed. [1564, 1797]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
228	Asuka	* Year Range of Asuka is assumed. [538, 710]	present	Confident	No	Edit
229	Heian	* Year Range of Heian is assumed. [794, 1185]	present	Confident	No	Edit
230	Japan - Initial Jomon	* Year Range of Japan - Initial Jomon is assumed. [-9200, -5300]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
231	Kamakura Shogunate	* Year Range of Kamakura Shogunate is assumed. [1185, 1333]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
232	Nara Kingdom	* Year Range of Nara Kingdom is assumed. [710, 794]	present	Confident	No	Edit
233	Warring States Japan	* Year Range of Warring States Japan is assumed. [1467, 1568]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
234	Tokugawa Shogunate	* Year Range of Tokugawa Shogunate is assumed. [1603, 1868]	present	Confident	No	Edit
235	Kansai - Yayoi Period	* Year Range of Kansai - Yayoi Period is assumed. [-300, 250]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
236	Fatimid Caliphate	* Year Range of Fatimid Caliphate is assumed. [909, 1171]	present	Confident	No	Edit
237	Late Angkor	* Year Range of Late Angkor is assumed. [1220, 1432]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
238	Segou Kingdom	* Year Range of Segou Kingdom is assumed. [1650, 1712]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
239	Khitan I	* Year Range of Khitan I is assumed. [907, 1125]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
240	Uigur Khaganate	* Year Range of Uigur Khaganate is assumed. [745, 840]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
241	Great Ming	* Year Range of Great Ming is assumed. [1368, 1644]	present	Confident	No	Edit
242	Monte Alban II	* Year Range of Monte Alban II is assumed. [-100, 200]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
243	Monte Alban III	* Year Range of Monte Alban III is assumed. [200, 500]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
244	Epiclassic Basin of Mexico	* Year Range of Epiclassic Basin of Mexico is assumed. [650, 899]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
245	Late Formative Basin of Mexico	* Year Range of Late Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed. [-400, -101]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
246	Middle Formative Basin of Mexico	* Year Range of Middle Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed. [-800, -401]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
247	Initial Formative Basin of Mexico	* Year Range of Initial Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed. [-2000, -1201]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
248	Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico	* Year Range of Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico is assumed. [1200, 1426]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
249	Oaxaca - Rosario	* Year Range of Oaxaca - Rosario is assumed. [-700, -500]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
250	Oaxaca - Tierras Largas	* Year Range of Oaxaca - Tierras Largas is assumed. [-1400, -1150]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
251	Toltecs	* Year Range of Toltecs is assumed. [900, 1199]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
252	Inca Empire	* Year Range of Inca Empire is assumed. [1375, 1532]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
253	Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic	* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic is assumed. [-5500, -4000]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
254	Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic	* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic is assumed. [-4000, -3200]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
255	Umayyad Caliphate	* Year Range of Umayyad Caliphate is assumed. [661, 750]	present	Confident	No	Edit
256	Rattanakosin	* Year Range of Rattanakosin is assumed. [1782, 1873]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
257	Byzantine Empire II	* Year Range of Byzantine Empire II is assumed. [867, 1072]	present	Confident	No	Edit
258	Byzantine Empire III	* Year Range of Byzantine Empire III is assumed. [1073, 1204]	present	Confident	No	Edit
259	Ottoman Empire I	* Year Range of Ottoman Empire I is assumed. [1402, 1517]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
260	Sogdiana - City-States Period	* Year Range of Sogdiana - City-States Period is assumed. [604, 711]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
261	Rasulid Dynasty	* Year Range of Rasulid Dynasty is assumed. [1229, 1453]	present	Confident	No	Edit
262	Great Zimbabwe	* Year Range of Great Zimbabwe is assumed. [1270, 1550]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
263	Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́	* Year Range of Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́ is assumed. [1601, 1835]	present	Confident	No	Edit
264	Benin Empire	* Year Range of Benin Empire is assumed. [1140, 1897]	present	Confident	No	Edit
265	Kingdom of Niynginya	* Year Range of Kingdom of Niynginya is assumed. [1650, 1897]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
266	Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom	* Year Range of Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom is assumed. [-2650, -2350]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
267	Nkore	* Year Range of Nkore is assumed. [1750, 1901]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
268	Greco-Bactrian Kingdom	* Year Range of Greco-Bactrian Kingdom is assumed. [-256, -125]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
269	Sokoto Caliphate	* Year Range of Sokoto Caliphate is assumed. [1804, 1904]	present	Inferred	Yes	Edit
270	Hausa bakwai	* Year Range of Hausa bakwai is assumed. [900, 1808]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
271	Early Modern Sierra Leone	* Year Range of Early Modern Sierra Leone is assumed. [1650, 1896]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
272	Middle and Late Nok	* Year Range of Middle and Late Nok is assumed. [-1500, -901]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
273	Middle and Late Nok	* Year Range of Middle and Late Nok is assumed. [-900, 0]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
274	Spanish Empire I	* Year Range of Spanish Empire I is assumed. [1516, 1715]	present	Confident	No	Edit
275	Hmong - Early Chinese	* Year Range of Hmong - Early Chinese is assumed. [1895, 1941]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
276	Buganda	* Year Range of Buganda is assumed. [1700, 1894]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
277	Toro	* Year Range of Toro is assumed. [1830, 1896]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
278	Karagwe	* Year Range of Karagwe is assumed. [1500, 1916]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
279	Nkore	* Year Range of Nkore is assumed. [1450, 1749]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
280	Ndorwa	* Year Range of Ndorwa is assumed. [1700, 1800]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
281	Mubari	* Year Range of Mubari is assumed. [-10000, 2000]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
282	Gisaka	* Year Range of Gisaka is assumed. [1700, 1867]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
283	Fipa	* Year Range of Fipa is assumed. [1600, 1890]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
284	Buhaya	* Year Range of Buhaya is assumed. [-10000, 2000]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
285	Oyo	* Year Range of Oyo is assumed. [1300, 1535]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
286	Jin	* Year Range of Jin is assumed. [-780, -404]	present	Confident	No	Edit
287	Northern Song	* Year Range of Northern Song is assumed. [960, 1127]	present	Confident	No	Edit
288	Western Han Empire	* Year Range of Western Han Empire is assumed. [-202, 9]	present	Confident	No	Edit
289	Western Zhou	* Year Range of Western Zhou is assumed. [-1122, -771]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
290	Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I	* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I is assumed. [1260, 1348]	present	Confident	No	Edit
291	Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period	* Year Range of Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period is assumed. [-1550, -1293]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
292	French Kingdom - Late Valois	* Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Valois is assumed. [1450, 1589]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
293	Ashanti Empire	* Year Range of Ashanti Empire is assumed. [1701, 1895]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
294	Second Dynasty of Isin	* Year Range of Second Dynasty of Isin is assumed. [-1153, -1027]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
295	Parthian Empire I	* Year Range of Parthian Empire I is assumed. [-247, 40]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
296	Parthian Empire II	* Year Range of Parthian Empire II is assumed. [41, 226]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
297	Safavid Empire	* Year Range of Safavid Empire is assumed. [1501, 1722]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
298	Republic of Venice III	* Year Range of Republic of Venice III is assumed. [1204, 1563]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
299	Classical Angkor	* Year Range of Classical Angkor is assumed. [1100, 1220]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
300	Khmer Kingdom	* Year Range of Khmer Kingdom is assumed. [1432, 1594]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
301	Zungharian Empire	* Year Range of Zungharian Empire is assumed. [1670, 1757]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
302	Monte Alban Late I	* Year Range of Monte Alban Late I is assumed. [-300, -100]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
303	Monte Alban IIIB and IV	* Year Range of Monte Alban IIIB and IV is assumed. [500, 900]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
304	Kingdom of Norway II	* Year Range of Kingdom of Norway II is assumed. [1262, 1396]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
305	Sakha - Late	* Year Range of Sakha - Late is assumed. [1632, 1900]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
306	Ottoman Empire II	* Year Range of Ottoman Empire II is assumed. [1517, 1683]	present	Confident	No	Edit
307	Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty	* Year Range of Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty is assumed. [1454, 1517]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
308	Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I	* Year Range of Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I is assumed. [1614, 1775]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
309	Sokoto Caliphate	* Year Range of Sokoto Caliphate is assumed. [1804, 1904]	absent	Inferred	Yes	Edit
310	Tocharians	* Year Range of Tocharians is assumed. [-129, 29]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
311	Jin Dynasty	* Year Range of Jin Dynasty is assumed. [1115, 1234]	present	Confident	No	Edit
312	Proto-French Kingdom	* Year Range of Proto-French Kingdom is assumed. [987, 1150]	absent	Inferred	No	Edit
313	French Kingdom - Late Capetian	* Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Capetian is assumed. [1150, 1328]	present	Inferred	No	Edit
314	Carolingian Empire II	* Year Range of Carolingian Empire II is assumed. [840, 987]	present	Confident	No	Edit
315	Proto-Carolingian	* Year Range of Proto-Carolingian is assumed. [687, 751]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
316	Middle Merovingian	* Year Range of Middle Merovingian is assumed. [543, 687]	absent	Confident	No	Edit
317	Kadamba Empire	* Year Range of Kadamba Empire is assumed. [345, 550]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
318	Koktepe I	* Year Range of Koktepe I is assumed. [-1400, -1000]	unknown	Suspected	No	Edit
319	French Kingdom - Early Valois	* Year Range of French Kingdom - Early Valois is assumed. [1328, 1450]	present	Inferred	No	Edit

Section: Social Complexity

Subsection: Bureaucracy characteristics

Merit Promotion

Contributors: Jenny, Majid, Peter

Metadata:

General

Specific to Merit Promotion

Actual Data:

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