General Description
The archaeological site of Jenne-jeno (or Djenné-djenno) is a mound located in the Niger Inland Delta, a region of West Africa just south of the Sahara and part of modern-day Mali, characterized by lakes and floodplains. It was continuously inhabited between 250 BCE and 1400 CE. ’Jenne-jeno II’ refers to the period from 50 to 400 CE. During this time, the site’s inhabitants fished, gathered wild plants, hunted, and cultivated rice (as well as millet and sorghum). They also made and used pottery, and smelted, smithed and used iron, though they probably imported the raw material for the latter from far afield.
[1]
Population and political organization
It appears that the heterarchical organization that characterized Jenne-jeno in later times developed during this period.
[2]
As for population, it is unclear how many people were living at Jenne-jeno or at the surrounding sites at this time, but a relatively rapid demographic increase is also likely.
[1]
[1]: (McIntosh 2006, 174-75) Roderick McIntosh. 2006. Ancient Middle Niger. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[2]: (McIntosh 2006, xv) Roderick McIntosh. 2006. Ancient Middle Niger. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
unknown [---] |
Sahel Tell Culture |
Jenne-jeno III |
[1,500,000 to 2,500,000] km2 |
continuation |
Preceding: Jenne-jeno I (ml_jenne_jeno_1) [continuity] | |
Succeeding: Jenne-jeno III (ml_jenne_jeno_3) [continuity] |
quasi-polity |
Year Range | Jenne-jeno II (ml_jenne_jeno_2) was in: |
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(50 CE 399 CE) | Niger Inland Delta |
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Utm Zone | 30 P | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Original Name | Jenne-jeno II | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Alternative Name | Jenne-jeno Phase II | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Alternative Name | Djoboro | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Alternative Name | Do-Dojobor | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Alternative Name | Zoboro | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Alternative Name | Old Jenne | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Alternative Name | Djenne-jeno | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Suprapolity Relations | unknown [---] | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Supracultural Entity | Sahel Tell Culture | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Succeeding Entity | Jenne-jeno III | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Scale of Supracultural Interaction | [1,500,000 to 2,500,000] km2 | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Relationship to Preceding Entity | continuation | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Preceding Entity
250 BCE 49 CE
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Jenne-jeno I (ml_jenne_jeno_1) [continuity] | Confident | |||||||||
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Succeeding Entity
400 CE 899 CE
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Jenne-jeno III (ml_jenne_jeno_3) [continuity] | Confident | |||||||||
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Degree of Centralization | quasi-polity | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Linguistic Family | NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Professional Soldier | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Professional Priesthood | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Professional Military Officer | Absent | Inferred | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Occupational Complexity | Uncoded | Undecided | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Market | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Irrigation System | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Food Storage Site | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Drinking Water Supply System | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Special Purpose House | Uncoded | Undecided | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Written Record | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Script | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Nonwritten Record | Present | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Non Phonetic Writing | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Mnemonic Device | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Scientific Literature | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Sacred Text | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Religious Literature | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Practical Literature | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Philosophy | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Lists Tables and Classification | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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History | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Fiction | Absent | Inferred | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Calendar | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Token | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Precious Metal | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Paper Currency | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Indigenous Coin | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Foreign Coin | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Article | Present | Inferred | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Postal Station | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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General Postal Service | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Courier | Unknown | Suspected | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Wooden Palisade | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Stone Walls Non Mortared | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Stone Walls Mortared | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Settlements in a Defensive Position | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Modern Fortification | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Moat | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Fortified Camp | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Earth Rampart | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Ditch | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Complex Fortification | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Tension Siege Engine | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Sling Siege Engine | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Sling | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Self Bow | Present | Confident Uncertain | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Self Bow | Absent | Confident Uncertain | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Javelin | Present | Confident Uncertain | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Javelin | Absent | Confident Uncertain | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Handheld Firearm | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Gunpowder Siege Artillery | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Crossbow | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Composite Bow | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Atlatl | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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War Club | Present | Inferred | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Sword | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Spear | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Polearm | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Dagger | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Battle Axe | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Wood Bark Etc | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Shield | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Scaled Armor | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Plate Armor | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Limb Protection | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Leather Cloth | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Laminar Armor | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Helmet | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Chainmail | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Breastplate | Absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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Moralizing Enforcement is Broad | Unknown | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary | Unknown | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic | Unknown | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life | Unknown | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward | Unknown | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners | Unknown | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted | Unknown | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife | Unknown | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites | Unknown | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers | Unknown | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain | Unknown | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||||||||
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Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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