Home Region:  Mongolia (Central and Northern Eurasia)

Eastern Turk Khaganate

583 CE 630 CE
D G SC WF RG CC EQ 2020  mn_turk_khaganate_1 / MnETurk
Preceding Entity: Add one more here.
[continuity; First Turk Khaganate] [continuity]   Update here

Succeeding Entity: Add one more here.
600 CE 1000 CE Shiwei (mn_shiwei)    [None]

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  General Description   The Orkhon Valley lies either side of the Orkhon River, in north-central Mongolia. For just under a century, between about 550 and 630 CE, it was under the control of a Turkic Khaganate, which split between a Western Khaganate and an Eastern one around 580; [1] the Eastern Khaganate included the Orkhon Valley, though it lasted only a few decades, between succumbing to a combination of internal rebellions and an invasion from Tang China, around 630 CE. [2] Like many of their predecessors in the region, the Turks were nomads: indeed, the Turkic general and counselor, Tonyukhukh, is believed to have once said, "If we build castles and give up our old customs, we shall be vanquished". [2] Both Western and Eastern khaganates were characterised by a four-tiered administrative hierarchy, whose members largely came from the ruling clan. [3] In the East, Sogdian was the language used for administrative purposes. [4]
No population estimates specific to this polity could be found in the literature, though, according to McEvedy and Jones, at that time Mongolia and Siberia together likely had a population of no more than 500,000. [5]

[1]: (Hosszú 2012, 285)

[2]: (Rogers 2012, 226)

[3]: (Rogers 2012, 225)

[4]: (Hosszú 2012, 285) Hosszú, G. 2012. Heritage of Scribes: The Relation of Rovas Scripts to Eurasian Writing Systems. Rovas Foundation.

[5]: (McEvedy and Jones 1978) McEvedy, Colin. Jones, Richard. 1978. Atlas of World Population History. Penguin Books Ltd. London.

General Variables
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
Language
Religion
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequences Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1) was in:
 (583 CE 630 CE)   Orkhon Valley
Home NGA: Orkhon Valley
General Variables
Identity and Location Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Utm Zone 48 T Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Original Name Eastern Turk Khaganate Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Capital None (Absent Capital) Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Alternative Name Northern Turk Khaganate Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Temporal Bounds Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Duration [583 CE ➜ 630 CE] Confident
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Political and Cultural Relations Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Suprapolity Relations alliance with [---] Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Succeeding Entity Tang Dynasty Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Relationship to Preceding Entity continuity Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Preceding Entity
CE
continuity; First Turk Khaganate [continuity]    Update here
Confident
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Succeeding Entity
600 CE 1000 CE
Shiwei (mn_shiwei)   [None]  Confident
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Language Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Linguistic Family Oghuz Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Language Old Turkic Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Language Sogdian Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Religion Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
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Religion Genus Buddhism Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Alternate Religion Genus Christianity Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Alternate Religion Genus Manichaeism Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Alternate Religion Uncoded Undecided 583 CE  630 CE
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Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Polity Territory [4,500,000 to 5,000,000] km2 Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Polity Population [400,000 to 500,000] people Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Hierarchical Complexity Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Settlement Hierarchy [1 to 2] Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Religious Level 2 Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Military Level [3 to 4] Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Administrative Level [4 to 5] Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Professions Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Professional Soldier Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Professional Priesthood Present Confident Uncertain 583 CE  630 CE
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Professional Priesthood Absent Confident Uncertain 583 CE  630 CE
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Professional Military Officer Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Bureaucracy Characteristics Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Government Building Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Merit Promotion Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Full Time Bureaucrat Present Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Examination System Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Law Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Professional Lawyer Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Judge Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
Court Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Specialized Buildings: polity owned Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Market Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Irrigation System Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Food Storage Site Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Drinking Water Supply System Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Road Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Port Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Canal Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Bridge Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Special-purpose Sites Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Mines or Quarry Present Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Information / Writing System Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Written Record Present Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Script Present Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Nonwritten Record Present Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Non Phonetic Writing Present Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Mnemonic Device Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Scientific Literature Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Sacred Text Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Religious Literature Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Practical Literature Present Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Philosophy Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Lists Tables and Classification Present Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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History Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Calendar Present Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Information / Money Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Token Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Precious Metal Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Paper Currency Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Indigenous Coin Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Foreign Coin Present Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Article Present Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Information / Postal System Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Postal Station Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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General Postal Service Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Courier Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Information / Measurement System Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Wooden Palisade Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Stone Walls Non Mortared Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Stone Walls Mortared Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Settlements in a Defensive Position Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Modern Fortification Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Moat Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Fortified Camp Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Earth Rampart Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Ditch Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Complex Fortification Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Long Wall unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Military use of Metals Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Steel Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Iron Present Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Copper Present Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Bronze Present Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Projectiles Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Tension Siege Engine Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Sling Siege Engine Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Sling Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Self Bow Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Javelin Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Handheld Firearm Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Gunpowder Siege Artillery Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Crossbow Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Composite Bow Present Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Atlatl Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Handheld weapons Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
War Club Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Sword Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Spear Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Polearm Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Dagger Present Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Battle Axe Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Animals used in warfare Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Horse Present Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Elephant Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Donkey Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Dog Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Camel Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Armor Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Wood Bark Etc Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Shield Present Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Scaled Armor Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Plate Armor Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Limb Protection Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Leather Cloth Present Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Laminar Armor Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Helmet Present Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Chainmail Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Breastplate Unknown Suspected 583 CE  630 CE
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Naval technology Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Military Vessel Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Small Vessels Canoes Etc Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Merchant Ships Pressed Into Service Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain Absent Inferred 583 CE  630 CE
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Human Sacrifice Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Crisis Cases
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Instability Data
Power Transitions
View all Power Transitions