Home Region: Mongolia (Central and Northern Eurasia)
Eastern Turk Khaganate
583 CE 630 CE
Preceding Entity:
Add one more here.
Succeeding Entity: Add one more here.
[continuity; First Turk Khaganate] [continuity] Update here
Succeeding Entity: Add one more here.
Displayed: 587 CE
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General Description
The Orkhon Valley lies either side of the Orkhon River, in north-central Mongolia. For just under a century, between about 550 and 630 CE, it was under the control of a Turkic Khaganate, which split between a Western Khaganate and an Eastern one around 580;
[1]
the Eastern Khaganate included the Orkhon Valley, though it lasted only a few decades, between succumbing to a combination of internal rebellions and an invasion from Tang China, around 630 CE.
[2]
Like many of their predecessors in the region, the Turks were nomads: indeed, the Turkic general and counselor, Tonyukhukh, is believed to have once said, "If we build castles and give up our old customs, we shall be vanquished".
[2]
Both Western and Eastern khaganates were characterised by a four-tiered administrative hierarchy, whose members largely came from the ruling clan.
[3]
In the East, Sogdian was the language used for administrative purposes.
[4]
No population estimates specific to this polity could be found in the literature, though, according to McEvedy and Jones, at that time Mongolia and Siberia together likely had a population of no more than 500,000.
[5]
[1]: (Hosszú 2012, 285)
[2]: (Rogers 2012, 226)
[3]: (Rogers 2012, 225)
[4]: (Hosszú 2012, 285) Hosszú, G. 2012. Heritage of Scribes: The Relation of Rovas Scripts to Eurasian Writing Systems. Rovas Foundation.
[5]: (McEvedy and Jones 1978) McEvedy, Colin. Jones, Richard. 1978. Atlas of World Population History. Penguin Books Ltd. London.
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
| alliance with [---] |
| Tang Dynasty |
| continuity |
| UNCLEAR: [continuity] | |
| Succeeding: Shiwei (mn_shiwei) [None] |
Language
Religion
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information
/ Writing System
Information
/ Kinds of Written Documents
Information
/ Money
Information
/ Postal System
Information
/ Measurement System
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
| Unknown |
| inferred Present |
| Unknown |
| Unknown |
| Unknown |
| inferred Present |
| Unknown |
| inferred Present |
| Unknown |
| Unknown |
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables
Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequences
Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions
Coding in Progress.
NGA Settlements:
| Year Range | Eastern Turk Khaganate (mn_turk_khaganate_1) was in: |
|---|---|
| (583 CE 630 CE) | Orkhon Valley |
Home NGA: Orkhon Valley
General Variables
| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Utm Zone | 48 T | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Original Name | Eastern Turk Khaganate | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Capital | None (Absent Capital) | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Alternative Name | Northern Turk Khaganate | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Duration | [583 CE ➜ 630 CE] | Confident | |||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Suprapolity Relations | alliance with [---] | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Succeeding Entity | Tang Dynasty | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Relationship to Preceding Entity | continuity | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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Preceding Entity
CE
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Succeeding Entity
600 CE 1000 CE
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Shiwei (mn_shiwei) [None] | Confident | |||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Religion Genus | Buddhism | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Alternate Religion Genus | Christianity | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Alternate Religion Genus | Manichaeism | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Alternate Religion | Uncoded | Undecided | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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Social Complexity Variables
| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Professional Soldier | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Professional Priesthood | Present | Confident Uncertain | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Professional Priesthood | Absent | Confident Uncertain | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Professional Military Officer | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specialized Government Building | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Merit Promotion | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Full Time Bureaucrat | Present | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Examination System | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Mines or Quarry | Present | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Written Record | Present | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Script | Present | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Phonetic Alphabetic Writing | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Nonwritten Record | Present | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Non Phonetic Writing | Present | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Mnemonic Device | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific Literature | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Sacred Text | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Religious Literature | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Practical Literature | Present | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Philosophy | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Lists Tables and Classification | Present | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| History | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Calendar | Present | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Token | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Precious Metal | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Paper Currency | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Indigenous Coin | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Foreign Coin | Present | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Article | Present | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postal Station | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| General Postal Service | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Courier | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Wooden Palisade | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Stone Walls Non Mortared | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Stone Walls Mortared | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Settlements in a Defensive Position | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Modern Fortification | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Moat | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Fortified Camp | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Earth Rampart | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Ditch | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Complex Fortification | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Long Wall | unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tension Siege Engine | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Sling Siege Engine | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Sling | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Self Bow | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Javelin | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Handheld Firearm | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Gunpowder Siege Artillery | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Crossbow | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Composite Bow | Present | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Atlatl | Absent | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| War Club | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Sword | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Spear | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Polearm | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Dagger | Present | Confident | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Battle Axe | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wood Bark Etc | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Shield | Present | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Scaled Armor | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Plate Armor | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Limb Protection | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Leather Cloth | Present | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Laminar Armor | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Helmet | Present | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Chainmail | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Breastplate | Unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Broad | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement in This Life | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Certain | Absent | Inferred | 583 CE 630 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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Crisis Cases
Instability Data
Power Transitions