Home Region: Northeast Asia (East Asia)

Japan - Incipient Jomon

13600 BCE 9200 BCE

D G SC WF R

EQ 2020 jp_jomon_1 / JpJomo1

Preceding Entity: Add one more here.

[Soso-ki] [None] Update here

Succeeding Entity:

No Polity found. Add one here.

General Description

"Following the discovery of ’pre-Jomon’ pottery in Kyushu and elsewhere, Yamanouchi added an earlier stage that he called Soso-ki (the ’grass-roots’ stage). It has been adopted by some and rejected by others on the ground that the pottery is not ’Jomon’ and that the subsistence system of this phase was Paleolithic-style hunting. Some Westerners use this term, which I call Subearliest in order to distin- guish the phase from, and to show its relationship to, Earliest Jomon. Some prefer ’Incipient’.
"[...]
"By and large, the sites of this phase are rather few, and their cultural content is relatively meager. Bone fishhooks, usually not barbed, were rapidly improved along the northern coast. Arrowheads were small, used more frequently by inland hunters. Plant bulbs and starchy roots were dug with large, adzlike tools that were made of sandstone, slate, or other soft stone. Nuts and possibly seeds were pulverized with grinding stones. Hanawadai in Ibaragi Prefecture is the first recognizable Earliest Jomon community site. Five house pits lying about 10 meters apart contained two successive Hanawadai pottery subtypes, probably meaning that not more than three houses were occupied at any one time. The little bands of occupants could hardly have numbered more than ten or fifteen. One pit is not quite square, measuring 4.6 by 3.8 meters, and has twelve holes for posts. Outdoor fireplaces were used. Seemingly inconvenient bullet-shaped pots stood upright in the soft, loose surface soil. Dogs were kept around the house, the Canis familiaris japonica (small, short-haired, Spitz-like dogs) that were perhaps ancestors of the present-day Shiba.
"Most of the few human skeletons excavated from sites of this phase have been found intentionally buried among the shells, lying on their backs in flexed positions. They dramatize the severe conditions faced by the people of that day. The earliest known Jomon man was uncovered in 1949 below a shell layer in the Hirasaka shell mound in Yokohoma City. He stood rather tall for a Jomon person: about 163 centimeters. His lower left molars were worn down to the jawbone, probably caused by years of pulling leather thongs across them, and X-rays of his bones showed growth interruptions, interpreted as near-fatal spells of extreme malnutrition during childhood. The joints testify to early aging. Virtually unused wisdom teeth are partial evidence for a life expectancy of about thirty years, an estimated average through the Middle Jomon, with an increase of only one year during the next two millennia, until the adoption of rice as a dietary staple.
"[...]
"Koyama Shuzo calculated the population of the Earliest Jomon to be around 21,900. Inhabitants had moved to higher land in the valleys of the lower-central mountains and established communities to the north-east. Concentration in these areas throughout most of the Jomon period can be accounted for by a variety and abundance of plant, mammal, and sea life, where northern and southern environmental zones overlap in central Japan. With the exception of the Latest Jomon, and possibly the Middle Jomon, the Kanto sites are usually more numerous and frequently larger. Over half of the Earliest Jomon population was strung out along the banks of Kanto streams, with ready access to water supplies, for the same reason that earlier and later people - amounting to teeming millions in modern times - congregated there." ^[1]

[1]: (Kidder, Jr. 2008, 60-61)

General Variables

Identity and Location

1 Utm Zone

1 Original Name

1 Capital

6 Alternative Name

Temporal Bounds

1 Duration

Political and Cultural Relations

1 Succeeding Entity

1 Polity Succession

1 Degree of Centralization

Language

1 Linguistic Family

1 Language

Religion

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale

1 Polity Population

Hierarchical Complexity

1 Settlement Hierarchy

1 Religious Level

1 Administrative Level

Professions

1 Professional Soldier

1 Professional Priesthood

1 Professional Military Officer

Bureaucracy Characteristics

1 Specialized Government Building

1 Merit Promotion

1 Full Time Bureaucrat

1 Examination System

Law

1 Professional Lawyer

1 Judge

1 Formal Legal Code

1 Court

Specialized Buildings: polity owned

1 Market

1 Irrigation System

1 Food Storage Site

1 Drinking Water Supply System

Transport Infrastructure

1 Road

Special-purpose Sites

1 Ceremonial Site

1 Burial Site

Information / Writing System

1 Written Record

1 Script

1 Phonetic Alphabetic Writing

Information / Kinds of Written Documents

1 Scientific Literature

1 Sacred Text

1 Religious Literature

1 Practical Literature

1 Philosophy

1 Lists Tables and Classification

1 History

1 Fiction

1 Calendar

Information / Money

1 Paper Currency

1 Indigenous Coin

Information / Postal System

1 Postal Station

1 General Postal Service

1 Courier

Information / Measurement System

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications

1 Wooden Palisade

1 Stone Walls Non Mortared

1 Stone Walls Mortared

1 Settlements in a Defensive Position

1 Modern Fortification

1 Moat

1 Fortified Camp

1 Earth Rampart

1 Ditch

1 Complex Fortification

1 Long Wall

Military use of Metals

1 Steel

1 Iron

1 Copper

1 Bronze

Projectiles

1 Tension Siege Engine

1 Sling Siege Engine

1 Sling

1 Self Bow

1 Javelin

1 Handheld Firearm

1 Gunpowder Siege Artillery

1 Crossbow

1 Composite Bow

1 Atlatl

Handheld weapons

1 War Club

1 Sword

1 Spear

1 Polearm

1 Dagger

1 Battle Axe

Animals used in warfare

1 Horse

1 Elephant

1 Donkey

1 Dog

1 Camel

Armor

1 Wood Bark Etc

1 Shield

1 Scaled Armor

1 Plate Armor

1 Limb Protection

1 Leather Cloth

1 Laminar Armor

1 Helmet

1 Chainmail

1 Breastplate

Naval technology

1 Specialized Military Vessel

1 Small Vessels Canoes Etc

1 Merchant Ships Pressed Into Service

Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.

Religion Variables Coding in Progress.

Crisis Consequence Cases Coding in Progress.

Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

Instability Events Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range	Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1) was in:
(13600 BCE 9201 BCE)	Kansai

Home NGA: Kansai

General Variables

Identity and Location Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Utm Zone	53 S	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Original Name	Japan - Incipient Jomon	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Capital	inferred absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Alternative Name	Fukui	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Alternative Name	Kakoinohara	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Alternative Name	Kosegawa	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Alternative Name	Kamikuroiwa	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Alternative Name	Kamino	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Alternative Name	Senpukuji	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Temporal Bounds Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More
Duration	[13600 BCE ➜ 9200 BCE]
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Political and Cultural Relations Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Succeeding Entity	Japan - Initial Jomon	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Preceding Entity	Soso-ki [None] Update here
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Degree of Centralization	quasi-polity	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Language Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Linguistic Family	NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Language	uncoded Undecided	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Religion Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Polity Population	- Undecided	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Hierarchical Complexity Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Settlement Hierarchy	1	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Religious Level	- Undecided	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Administrative Level	- Undecided	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Professions Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Professional Soldier	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Professional Priesthood	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Professional Military Officer	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Bureaucracy Characteristics Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Specialized Government Building	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Merit Promotion	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Full Time Bureaucrat	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Examination System	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Law Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Professional Lawyer	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Judge	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Formal Legal Code	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Court	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Specialized Buildings: polity owned Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Market	Absent Inferred	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Irrigation System	Absent Inferred	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Food Storage Site	Absent Inferred	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Drinking Water Supply System	Absent Inferred	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Transport Infrastructure Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Road	Absent Inferred	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Special-purpose Sites Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Ceremonial Site	Uncoded Undecided	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Burial Site	Uncoded Undecided	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Information / Writing System Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Written Record	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Script	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Scientific Literature	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Sacred Text	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Religious Literature	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Practical Literature	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Philosophy	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Lists Tables and Classification	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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History	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Fiction	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Calendar	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Information / Money Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Paper Currency	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Indigenous Coin	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Information / Postal System Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Postal Station	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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General Postal Service	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Courier	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Information / Measurement System Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Wooden Palisade	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Stone Walls Non Mortared	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Stone Walls Mortared	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Settlements in a Defensive Position	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Modern Fortification	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Moat	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Fortified Camp	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Earth Rampart	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Ditch	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Complex Fortification	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Long Wall	absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Military use of Metals Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Steel	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Iron	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Copper	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Bronze	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Projectiles Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Tension Siege Engine	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Sling Siege Engine	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Sling	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Self Bow	Present Inferred	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Javelin	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Handheld Firearm	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Gunpowder Siege Artillery	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Crossbow	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Composite Bow	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Atlatl	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Handheld weapons Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
War Club	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Sword	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Spear	Present Inferred	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Polearm	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Dagger	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Battle Axe	Present Inferred	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Animals used in warfare Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Horse	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Elephant	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Donkey	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Dog	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Camel	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Armor Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Wood Bark Etc	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Shield	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Scaled Armor	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Plate Armor	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Limb Protection	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Leather Cloth	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Laminar Armor	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Helmet	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Chainmail	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Breastplate	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Naval technology Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Specialized Military Vessel	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Small Vessels Canoes Etc	Present Inferred	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Merchant Ships Pressed Into Service	Absent	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)

Religion Variables

Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad	Unknown	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary	Unknown	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic	Unknown	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life	Unknown	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward	Unknown	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners	Unknown	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted	Unknown	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife	Unknown	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites	Unknown	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers	Unknown	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain	Unknown	13600 BCE 9200 BCE
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Human Sacrifice Japan - Incipient Jomon (jp_jomon_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More