Home Region: Iran (Southwest Asia)

Qajar Dynasty

1794 CE 1925 CE

D G SC WF R CC

EQ 2020 ir_qajar_dyn / IrQajar

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Succeeding Entity:

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General Description

The Qajar Dynasty was in place in Iran from 1794-1925 CE following a 50-year struggle between Qajar tribal leaders for the throne from 1747. Eventually Aqa Mohammad Khan Qajar (c.1742-c.1797) was crowned in 1796 and founded this dynasty. ^[1]
By 1900 CE this polity had assumed what is now modern Iranian borders, and the territory had decreased from approximately 2 million km2 in 1800 to 1.6million km2 in 1900. The population however had increased from approximately 6 million to 10 million people by 1900 ^[2] , with the largest settlement, Tehran, holding about 210,000 inhabitants.Settlement hierarchies were similar to previous polities, and included the capital city, other large regional cities, towns and villages. Although there was some centralisation of power, communication and bureaucratic reach was limited, and the Shah relied on the cooperation of many groups to keep administration running and by 1903 there was a movement calling for political reform. ^[3] ^[4]
In 1851 the first institution of higher education, the polytechnic institute Dar ul-Funun which offered studies in medicine, engineering, geology, and military sciences, was founded by Prime Minister Amir Kabir. ^[5]

[1]: (Ghani 2000, 1) Cyrus Ghani. 2000. Iran and the Rise of Reza Shah. From Qaja Collapse to Pahlavi Power. I B Tauris. London.

[2]: (Martin 2005, 15) Vanessa Martin. 2005. The Qajar Pact: Bargaining, Protest and the State in Nineteenth-Century Persia. I. B. Tauris. London.

[3]: (Martin 2005, 13-14) Vanessa Martin. 2005. The Qajar Pact: Bargaining, Protest and the State in Nineteenth-Century Persia. I. B. Tauris. London.

[4]: (Ghani 2000, 7) Cyrus Ghani. 2000. Iran and the Rise of Reza Shah. From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power. I B Tauris. London.

[5]: (Maranlou 2016, 144-145) Sahar Maranlou. Modernization Prospects For Legal Education In Iran. Mutaz M Qafisheh. Stephen A Rosenbaum. eds. 2016. Experimental Legal Education in a Globalized World: The Middle East and Beyond. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Newcastle upon Tyne.

General Variables

Identity and Location

1 Utm Zone

1 Original Name

1 Capital

Temporal Bounds

1 Peak Years

1 Duration

Political and Cultural Relations

1 Relationship to preceding Entity

1 Polity Succession

1 Degree of Centralization

Language

1 Linguistic Family

1 Language

Religion

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale

2 Population of the Largest Settlement

2 Polity Territory

1 Polity Population

Hierarchical Complexity

1 Settlement Hierarchy

1 Military Level

1 Administrative Level

Professions

1 Professional Soldier

1 Professional Priesthood

1 Professional Military Officer

1 Source Of Support

Bureaucracy Characteristics

1 Specialized Government Building

1 Merit Promotion

1 Full Time Bureaucrat

1 Examination System

Law

1 Professional Lawyer

1 Judge

1 Formal Legal Code

1 Court

Specialized Buildings: polity owned

1 Market

1 Food Storage Site

1 Drinking Water Supply System

Transport Infrastructure

1 Road

1 Bridge

Special-purpose Sites

Information / Writing System

1 Written Record

1 Script

Information / Kinds of Written Documents

1 Scientific Literature

1 Sacred Text

1 Religious Literature

1 Practical Literature

1 Philosophy

1 Lists Tables and Classification

1 History

1 Fiction

1 Calendar

Information / Money

1 Indigenous Coin

Information / Postal System

1 Postal Station

1 General Postal Service

1 Courier

Information / Measurement System

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications

1 Wooden Palisade

1 Stone Walls Non Mortared

1 Stone Walls Mortared

1 Settlements in a Defensive Position

1 Modern Fortification

1 Moat

1 Fortified Camp

1 Earth Rampart

1 Ditch

1 Complex Fortification

Military use of Metals

1 Steel

1 Iron

1 Copper

1 Bronze

Projectiles

1 Tension Siege Engine

1 Sling Siege Engine

1 Sling

1 Self Bow

1 Javelin

1 Handheld Firearm

2 Gunpowder Siege Artillery

1 Crossbow

1 Composite Bow

1 Atlatl

Handheld weapons

1 War Club

1 Sword

1 Spear

1 Polearm

1 Dagger

1 Battle Axe

Animals used in warfare

1 Horse

1 Elephant

1 Donkey

1 Dog

1 Camel

Armor

1 Wood Bark Etc

1 Shield

1 Scaled Armor

1 Plate Armor

1 Limb Protection

1 Leather Cloth

1 Laminar Armor

1 Helmet

1 Chainmail

1 Breastplate

Naval technology

2 Specialized Military Vessel

1 Small Vessels Canoes Etc

1 Merchant Ships Pressed Into Service

Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.

Religion Variables Coding in Progress.

Crisis Consequence Cases

1 Crisis Consequence

Power Transitions

7 Power Transition

Instability Events

52 Instability Event

NGA Settlements:

Year Range	Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn) was in:
(1794 CE 1925 CE)	Susiana

Home NGA: Susiana

General Variables

Identity and Location Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Utm Zone	39 S	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Original Name	Qajar Dynasty	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Capital	Tehran	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Temporal Bounds Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More
Peak Years	1900 CE
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Duration	[1794 CE ➜ 1925 CE]
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Political and Cultural Relations Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Relationship to Preceding Entity	elite migration	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Preceding Entity	elite migration; Zandiyeh [elite replacement] Update here
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Degree of Centralization	unitary state	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Language Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Linguistic Family	NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Language	Persian	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Religion Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Population of the Largest Settlement	[70,000 to 110,000] people	1850 CE
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Population of the Largest Settlement	[160,000 to 210,000] people	1900 CE
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Polity Territory	2,000,000 km²	1800 CE
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Polity Territory	1,600,000 km²	1900 CE
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Polity Population	[6,000,000 to 10,000,000] people	1800 CE 1900 CE
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Hierarchical Complexity Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Settlement Hierarchy	5	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Military Level	4	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Administrative Level	4	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Professions Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Professional Soldier	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Professional Priesthood	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Professional Military Officer	Present Inferred	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Source Of Support	uncoded Undecided	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Bureaucracy Characteristics Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Specialized Government Building	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Merit Promotion	Absent	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Full Time Bureaucrat	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Examination System	Absent	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Law Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Professional Lawyer	Absent Inferred	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Judge	Present Inferred	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Formal Legal Code	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Court	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Specialized Buildings: polity owned Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Market	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Food Storage Site	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Drinking Water Supply System	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Road	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Bridge	Present Inferred	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Special-purpose Sites Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Information / Writing System Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Written Record	Present Inferred	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Script	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Scientific Literature	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Sacred Text	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Religious Literature	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Practical Literature	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Philosophy	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Lists Tables and Classification	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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History	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Fiction	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Calendar	Present Inferred	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Information / Money Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Indigenous Coin	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Information / Postal System Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Postal Station	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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General Postal Service	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Courier	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Information / Measurement System Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Wooden Palisade	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Stone Walls Non Mortared	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Stone Walls Mortared	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Settlements in a Defensive Position	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Modern Fortification	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Moat	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Fortified Camp	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Earth Rampart	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Ditch	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Complex Fortification	Present Inferred	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Military use of Metals Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Steel	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Iron	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Copper	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Bronze	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Projectiles Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Tension Siege Engine	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Sling Siege Engine	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Sling	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Self Bow	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Javelin	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Handheld Firearm	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Gunpowder Siege Artillery	Unknown Suspected	1800 CE
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Gunpowder Siege Artillery	Present	1900 CE
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Crossbow	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Composite Bow	Present Inferred	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Atlatl	Absent	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Handheld weapons Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
War Club	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Sword	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Spear	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Polearm	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Dagger	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Battle Axe	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Animals used in warfare Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Horse	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Elephant	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Donkey	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Dog	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Camel	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Armor Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Wood Bark Etc	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Shield	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Scaled Armor	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Plate Armor	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Limb Protection	Present Inferred	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Leather Cloth	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Laminar Armor	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Helmet	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Chainmail	Present Inferred	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Breastplate	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Naval technology Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Specialized Military Vessel	Absent	1800 CE
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Specialized Military Vessel	Present	1900 CE
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Small Vessels Canoes Etc	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Merchant Ships Pressed Into Service	Unknown Suspected	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)

Religion Variables

Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain	Present	1794 CE 1925 CE
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Human Sacrifice Qajar Dynasty (ir_qajar_dyn)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More