Home Region: Mississippi Basin (North America)

Cahokia - Early Woodland

600 BCE 150 BCE

D G SC WF R

EQ 2020 us_woodland_1 / USMisEW

Preceding Entity: Add one more here.

[continuity; Cahokia - Prairie Lake] [continuity] Update here

Succeeding Entity: Add one more here.

150 BCE 300 CE Cahokia - Middle Woodland (us_woodland_2) [continuity]

General Description

2000 BCE

Period of population growth begins ^[1]

1 CE

c1 CE "large quantities of native cultigens began to be incorporated into midcontinental diets. ^[1]

100 CE

Maize appears in the archaeological record ^[2]
Atlatl is the contemporary weapon ^[2]
"periodic rituals at ceremonial mound centers" ^[2]
"groups ensured access to needed resources through maintenance of alliance-exchange relationships" ^[2]

200 CE
300 CE

Early arrowheads appear. "Beginning A.D. 300-400, the bow replaced the atlatl in most regions" ^[2]
In the Mississippian region (Midwest and Upland South) the transition from atlatl to bow was "relatively rapid because dart points disappear from the archaeological record" ^[2]
Introduction of the bow in the Mississippi region decreased social complexity because it caused the collapse of the Hopewell system, the abandonment of mound centers and alliance-exchange relationships ^[2]
Bow enabled a new bow and native crops subsistence strategy which lead to a movement to and the effective exploitation of previously marginal lands and "household autonomy" ^[2]
There followed an economic intensification and population growth which eventually "packed the landscape with settlements." ^[2]

[1]: (Milner, Chaplin and Zavodny 2013)

[2]: (Blitz and Porth 2013, 89-95)

General Variables

Identity and Location

1 Utm Zone

1 Original Name

5 Alternative Name

Temporal Bounds

1 Peak Years

1 Duration

Political and Cultural Relations

1 Suprapolity Relations

1 Supracultural Entity

1 Succeeding Entity

1 Relationship to preceding Entity

2 Polity Succession

1 Degree of Centralization

Language

1 Linguistic Family

Religion

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale

1 Population of the Largest Settlement

1 Polity Population

Hierarchical Complexity

1 Settlement Hierarchy

1 Religious Level

1 Military Level

1 Administrative Level

Professions

1 Professional Soldier

1 Professional Priesthood

1 Professional Military Officer

1 Occupational Complexity

Bureaucracy Characteristics

1 Specialized Government Building

1 Merit Promotion

1 Full Time Bureaucrat

1 Examination System

Law

1 Professional Lawyer

1 Judge

1 Formal Legal Code

1 Court

Specialized Buildings: polity owned

1 Market

1 Irrigation System

1 Food Storage Site

1 Drinking Water Supply System

Transport Infrastructure

1 Road

1 Port

1 Canal

1 Bridge

Special-purpose Sites

1 Mines or Quarry

Information / Writing System

1 Written Record

1 Script

1 Phonetic Alphabetic Writing

Information / Kinds of Written Documents

1 Scientific Literature

1 Sacred Text

1 Religious Literature

1 Practical Literature

1 Philosophy

1 Lists Tables and Classification

1 History

1 Fiction

1 Calendar

Information / Money

1 Paper Currency

1 Indigenous Coin

1 Foreign Coin

1 Article

Information / Postal System

1 Postal Station

1 General Postal Service

1 Courier

Information / Measurement System

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications

1 Wooden Palisade

1 Stone Walls Non Mortared

1 Stone Walls Mortared

1 Settlements in a Defensive Position

1 Modern Fortification

1 Moat

1 Fortified Camp

1 Earth Rampart

1 Ditch

1 Complex Fortification

1 Long Wall

Military use of Metals

1 Steel

1 Iron

1 Bronze

Projectiles

1 Tension Siege Engine

1 Sling Siege Engine

1 Sling

1 Self Bow

1 Javelin

1 Handheld Firearm

1 Gunpowder Siege Artillery

1 Crossbow

1 Composite Bow

1 Atlatl

Handheld weapons

1 War Club

1 Sword

1 Spear

1 Polearm

1 Dagger

1 Battle Axe

Animals used in warfare

1 Horse

1 Elephant

1 Donkey

1 Dog

1 Camel

Armor

1 Wood Bark Etc

1 Shield

1 Scaled Armor

1 Plate Armor

1 Limb Protection

1 Leather Cloth

1 Laminar Armor

1 Helmet

1 Chainmail

1 Breastplate

Naval technology

1 Specialized Military Vessel

1 Small Vessels Canoes Etc

1 Merchant Ships Pressed Into Service

Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.

Religion Variables Coding in Progress.

Crisis Consequence Cases Coding in Progress.

Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

Instability Events Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range	Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1) was in:
(600 BCE 151 BCE)	Cahokia

Home NGA: Cahokia

General Variables

Identity and Location Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Utm Zone	15 S Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Original Name	Cahokia - Early Woodland Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Alternative Name	American Bottom Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Alternative Name	Early Woodland Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Alternative Name	Carr Creek Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Alternative Name	Columbia Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Alternative Name	Florence Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Temporal Bounds Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More
Peak Years	150 CE Expert
Loading...

Duration	[600 BCE ➜ 150 BCE] Expert
Loading...

Political and Cultural Relations Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Suprapolity Relations	none Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Supracultural Entity	Early Woodland Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Succeeding Entity	Cahokia - Middle Woodland Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Relationship to Preceding Entity	continuity Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Preceding Entity	continuity; Cahokia - Prairie Lake [continuity] Update here Expert
Loading...

Succeeding Entity 150 BCE 300 CE	Cahokia - Middle Woodland (us_woodland_2) [continuity] Expert
Loading...

Degree of Centralization	none Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Language Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Linguistic Family	NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI Expert	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Religion Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Population of the Largest Settlement	[30 to 50] people	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Polity Population	- Suspected	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Hierarchical Complexity Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Settlement Hierarchy	1	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Religious Level	- Suspected	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Military Level	- Suspected	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Administrative Level	1	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Professions Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Professional Soldier	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Professional Priesthood	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Professional Military Officer	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Occupational Complexity	Uncoded Undecided	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Bureaucracy Characteristics Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Specialized Government Building	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Merit Promotion	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Full Time Bureaucrat	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Examination System	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Law Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Professional Lawyer	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Judge	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Formal Legal Code	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Court	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Specialized Buildings: polity owned Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Market	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Irrigation System	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Food Storage Site	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Drinking Water Supply System	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Transport Infrastructure Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Road	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Port	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Canal	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Bridge	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Special-purpose Sites Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Mines or Quarry	Present	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Information / Writing System Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Written Record	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Script	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Phonetic Alphabetic Writing	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Information / Kinds of Written Documents Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Scientific Literature	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Sacred Text	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Religious Literature	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Practical Literature	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Philosophy	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Lists Tables and Classification	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

History	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Fiction	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Calendar	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Information / Money Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Paper Currency	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Indigenous Coin	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Foreign Coin	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Article	Present	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Information / Postal System Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Postal Station	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

General Postal Service	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Courier	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Information / Measurement System Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Wooden Palisade	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Stone Walls Non Mortared	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Stone Walls Mortared	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Settlements in a Defensive Position	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Modern Fortification	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Moat	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Fortified Camp	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Earth Rampart	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Ditch	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Complex Fortification	Unknown Suspected	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Long Wall	absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Military use of Metals Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Steel	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Iron	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Bronze	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Projectiles Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Tension Siege Engine	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Sling Siege Engine	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Sling	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Self Bow	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Javelin	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Handheld Firearm	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Gunpowder Siege Artillery	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Crossbow	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Composite Bow	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Atlatl	Present	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Handheld weapons Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
War Club	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Sword	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Spear	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Polearm	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Dagger	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Battle Axe	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Animals used in warfare Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Horse	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Elephant	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Donkey	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Dog	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Camel	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Armor Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Wood Bark Etc	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Shield	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Scaled Armor	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Plate Armor	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Limb Protection	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Leather Cloth	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Laminar Armor	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Helmet	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Chainmail	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Breastplate	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Naval technology Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Specialized Military Vessel	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Small Vessels Canoes Etc	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Merchant Ships Pressed Into Service	Absent	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)

Religion Variables

Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Moralizing Enforcement in This Life	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Moralizing Enforcement is Certain	Absent Inferred	600 BCE 150 BCE
Loading...

Human Sacrifice Cahokia - Early Woodland (us_woodland_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More