Home Region:  Iran (Southwest Asia)

Saffarid Caliphate

861 CE 1003 CE
D G SC RG CC EQ 2020  ir_saffarid_emp / IrSaffr
Preceding Entity:
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Succeeding Entity:
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Displayed: 866 CE

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  General Description   The Saffarid dynasty was founded by Ya’qub bin Laith as-Saffar, a commoner from Sīstān, who first worked as a coppersmith, then became a warlord, before leading the conquest of (what is now) Iran and Afghanistan and becoming the dynasty’s first Emir.
The empire was at its peak during Ya’qub’s rule and its territory stretched from “borders of Afghanistan and India in the east to Fārs, Ahvāz and the fringes of Iraq in the west, at one point invading Iraq and threatening Baghdad” with the centre of their power in their homelands of Sīstān [1]
After Ya’qub’s death the dynasty lasted only 124 years, during which time it slowly reduced in territory. The last amir of the Saffarid dynasty, Khalaf, was forced to abdicate in 1003 after a coup d’etat by the Sīstān military leaders who invited the Ghaznavids to invade. Khalaf was exiled to Gardīz where he spent two years before he died. In the meantime, Sīstān became a province of the Ghaznavid Empire. [2]

[1]: ”Saffarids.” https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/ZU3IU97Q.

[2]: Frye 2007: 134-135. https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/7XE9P8HB

General Variables
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
Language
Religion
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequences Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp) was in:
Home NGA: None
General Variables
Identity and Location Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Utm Zone 40 N Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Original Name Saffarid Caliphate Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Capital Zaranj Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Capital Shiraz Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Alternative Name Iran Saffarid Empire Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Alternative Name Saffarid Dynasty Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Temporal Bounds Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Peak Years [861 CE ➜ 879 CE] Confident
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Duration [861 CE ➜ 1003 CE] Confident
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Political and Cultural Relations Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Language Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Religion Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Religious Tradition Islam Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Hierarchical Complexity Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Settlement Hierarchy 4 Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Religious Level 1 Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Military Level 6 Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Administrative Level 4 Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Professions Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Professional Soldier Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Professional Military Officer Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Source Of Support unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Bureaucracy Characteristics Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Government Building Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Merit Promotion Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Full Time Bureaucrat Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Examination System Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Law Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Professional Lawyer Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Judge Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
Court Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Specialized Buildings: polity owned Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Market Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Irrigation System Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Food Storage Site Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Drinking Water Supply System Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Communal Building Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Utilitarian Public Building Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Symbolic Building Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Knowledge Or Information Building Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Entertainment Building Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Road Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Port Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Canal Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Bridge Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Special-purpose Sites Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Mines or Quarry Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Special Purpose Site Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Enclosure Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Ceremonial Site Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Burial Site Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Information / Writing System Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Written Record Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Script Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Nonwritten Record Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Non Phonetic Writing Absent Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Mnemonic Device Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Scientific Literature Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Sacred Text Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Philosophy Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Fiction Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Calendar Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Information / Money Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Token Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Precious Metal Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Paper Currency Absent Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Indigenous Coin Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Foreign Coin Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Article Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Store Of Wealth Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Debt And Credit Structure Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Information / Postal System Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Postal Station Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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General Postal Service Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Courier Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Fastest Individual Communication - Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Information / Measurement System Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Weight Measurement System Present Inferred 861 CE  1003 CE
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Volume Measurement System Present Inferred 861 CE  1003 CE
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Time Measurement System Present Inferred 861 CE  1003 CE
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Length Measurement System Present Inferred 861 CE  1003 CE
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Geometrical Measurement System Present Inferred 861 CE  1003 CE
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Area Measurement System Present Inferred 861 CE  1003 CE
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Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Military use of Metals Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Projectiles Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Handheld weapons Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Animals used in warfare Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Armor Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Naval technology Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain Present Confident 861 CE  1003 CE
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Human Sacrifice Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Crisis Cases
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Instability Data
Power Transitions
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