Home Region:  Iran (Southwest Asia)

Saffarid Caliphate

861 CE 1003 CE
D G SC R CC
EQ 2020  ir_saffarid_emp / IrSaffr
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  General Description  
The Saffarid dynasty was founded by Ya’qub bin Laith as-Saffar, a commoner from Sīstān, who first worked as a coppersmith, then became a warlord, before leading the conquest of (what is now) Iran and Afghanistan and becoming the dynasty’s first Emir.
The empire was at its peak during Ya’qub’s rule and its territory stretched from “borders of Afghanistan and India in the east to Fārs, Ahvāz and the fringes of Iraq in the west, at one point invading Iraq and threatening Baghdad” with the centre of their power in their homelands of Sīstān [1]
After Ya’qub’s death the dynasty lasted only 124 years, during which time it slowly reduced in territory. The last amir of the Saffarid dynasty, Khalaf, was forced to abdicate in 1003 after a coup d’etat by the Sīstān military leaders who invited the Ghaznavids to invade. Khalaf was exiled to Gardīz where he spent two years before he died. In the meantime, Sīstān became a province of the Ghaznavid Empire. [2]

[1]: ”Saffarids.” https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/ZU3IU97Q.

[2]: Frye 2007: 134-135. https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/7XE9P8HB

General Variables
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
Language
Religion
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequence Cases
Power Transitions Coding in Progress.
Instability Events
General Variables
Identity and Location Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Utm Zone 40 N 861 CE  1003 CE
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Original Name Saffarid Caliphate 861 CE  1003 CE
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Capital 861 CE  1003 CE
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Capital 861 CE  1003 CE
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Alternative Name Iran Saffarid Empire 861 CE  1003 CE
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Alternative Name Saffarid Dynasty 861 CE  1003 CE
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Temporal Bounds Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Peak Years
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Duration [861 CE ➜ 1003 CE]
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Political and Cultural Relations Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Language Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Religion Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Religious Tradition Islam 861 CE  1003 CE
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Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Hierarchical Complexity Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Settlement Hierarchy 861 CE  1003 CE
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Religious Level 861 CE  1003 CE
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Military Level 861 CE  1003 CE
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Administrative Level 861 CE  1003 CE
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Professions Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Professional Soldier 861 CE  1003 CE
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Professional Military Officer 861 CE  1003 CE
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Source Of Support unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Bureaucracy Characteristics Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Government Building 861 CE  1003 CE
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Merit Promotion Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Full Time Bureaucrat 861 CE  1003 CE
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Examination System Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Law Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Professional Lawyer Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Judge Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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861 CE  1003 CE
Court Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Specialized Buildings: polity owned Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Market 861 CE  1003 CE
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Irrigation System 861 CE  1003 CE
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Food Storage Site 861 CE  1003 CE
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Drinking Water Supply System 861 CE  1003 CE
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Communal Building 861 CE  1003 CE
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Utilitarian Public Building Present 861 CE  1003 CE
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Symbolic Building 861 CE  1003 CE
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Knowledge Or Information Building 861 CE  1003 CE
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Entertainment Building Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Road 861 CE  1003 CE
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Port 861 CE  1003 CE
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Canal 861 CE  1003 CE
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Bridge 861 CE  1003 CE
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Special-purpose Sites Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Mines or Quarry 861 CE  1003 CE
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Special Purpose Site Present 861 CE  1003 CE
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Enclosure 861 CE  1003 CE
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Ceremonial Site 861 CE  1003 CE
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Burial Site 861 CE  1003 CE
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Information / Writing System Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Written Record Present 861 CE  1003 CE
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Script Present 861 CE  1003 CE
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing Present 861 CE  1003 CE
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Nonwritten Record 861 CE  1003 CE
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Non Phonetic Writing Absent 861 CE  1003 CE
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Mnemonic Device Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Scientific Literature 861 CE  1003 CE
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Sacred Text 861 CE  1003 CE
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Philosophy 861 CE  1003 CE
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Fiction 861 CE  1003 CE
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Calendar Unknown Suspected 861 CE  1003 CE
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Information / Money Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Token 861 CE  1003 CE
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Precious Metal 861 CE  1003 CE
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Paper Currency 861 CE  1003 CE
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Indigenous Coin 861 CE  1003 CE
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Foreign Coin 861 CE  1003 CE
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Article 861 CE  1003 CE
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Store Of Wealth 861 CE  1003 CE
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Debt And Credit Structure 861 CE  1003 CE
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Information / Postal System Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Postal Station 861 CE  1003 CE
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General Postal Service 861 CE  1003 CE
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Courier 861 CE  1003 CE
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Fastest Individual Communication 861 CE  1003 CE
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Information / Measurement System Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Weight Measurement System 861 CE  1003 CE
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Volume Measurement System 861 CE  1003 CE
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Time Measurement System 861 CE  1003 CE
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Length Measurement System 861 CE  1003 CE
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Geometrical Measurement System 861 CE  1003 CE
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Area Measurement System 861 CE  1003 CE
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Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Military use of Metals Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Projectiles Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Handheld weapons Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Animals used in warfare Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Armor Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Naval technology Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners Present 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers 861 CE  1003 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain 861 CE  1003 CE
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Human Sacrifice Saffarid Caliphate (ir_saffarid_emp)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Crisis Cases
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Instability Data
Power Transitions
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