Home Region:  Mongolia (Central and Northern Eurasia)

Rouran Khaganate

300 CE 555 CE
D G SC WF R CC
EQ 2020  mn_rouran_khaganate / MnRourn
Preceding Entity: Add one more here.
100 CE 250 CE Xianbei Confederation (mn_xianbei)    [continuity]

Succeeding Entity:
No Polity found. Add one here.

Displayed: 402 CE

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  General Description   The Orkhon Valley lies either side of the Orkhon River, in north-central Mongolia. Between about 300 and 550 CE, it was under the control of the Rouran. Though these began as nomadic pastoralists like their predecessors the Xianbei and Xiongnu, there is evidence that by the sixth century CE they had transitioned to a settled, agricultural way of life, and from shamanism to Buddhism. [1] At their peak, they ruled over an empire comprising around 4,000,000 squared kilometers, [2] with a population of no less than 500,000. [3] This empire was divided into an eastern and a western wing, each ruled by a silifa, who were subordinate to the paramount ruler or khagan. [4] For ease of organisation, both the population and the army were divided into groups of hundreds and thousands. [5]

[1]: (Kyzlasov 1996, 317)

[2]: (Rogers 2012, 220-221)

[3]: (Kradin 2005, 165)

[4]: (Kradin 2005, 162)

[5]: (Kradin 2005, 154-155)

General Variables
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
Language
Religion
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequences Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate) was in:
 (300 CE 551 CE)   Orkhon Valley
Home NGA: Orkhon Valley
General Variables
Identity and Location Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Utm Zone NO_VALID_VALUE Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Original Name Rouran Khaganate Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Capital Mumocheng Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Alternative Name Jujan Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Temporal Bounds Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Peak Years [402 CE ➜ 429 CE] Confident
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Duration [300 CE ➜ 555 CE] Confident
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Political and Cultural Relations Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Suprapolity Relations cn_northern_wei_dyn alliance with mn_rouran_khaganate Confident 386 CE  534 CE
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Suprapolity Relations unknown [---] Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Succeeding Entity First Turk Khaganate Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Relationship to Preceding Entity continuity Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Preceding Entity
100 CE 250 CE
Xianbei Confederation (mn_xianbei)   [continuity]  Confident
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Degree of Centralization confederated state Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Language Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Linguistic Family Mongolic Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Language Rouran Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Religion Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Religion Genus Buddhism Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Alternate Religion Uncoded Undecided 300 CE  555 CE
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Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Population of the Largest Settlement - Undecided 300 CE  555 CE
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Polity Territory 4,000,000 km2 Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Polity Population [500,000 to 1,000,000] people Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Hierarchical Complexity Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Settlement Hierarchy [1 to 2] Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Religious Level 1 Confident 300 CE 499 CE
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Religious Level 2 Confident 500 CE 551 CE
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Military Level 4 Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Administrative Level 4 Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Professions Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Professional Soldier Present Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Professional Priesthood Present Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Professional Military Officer Present Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Bureaucracy Characteristics Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Government Building Unknown Suspected 300 CE 500 CE
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Specialized Government Building Present Inferred 501 CE 551 CE
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Merit Promotion Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Full Time Bureaucrat Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Examination System Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Law Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Professional Lawyer Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Judge Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
Court Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Specialized Buildings: polity owned Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Market Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Irrigation System Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Food Storage Site Absent Confident Uncertain 300 CE 499 CE
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Food Storage Site Present Confident Uncertain 300 CE 499 CE
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Food Storage Site Present Inferred 500 CE 555 CE
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Drinking Water Supply System Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Road Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Port Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Canal Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Bridge Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Special-purpose Sites Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Writing System Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Written Record Absent Inferred 300 CE 499 CE
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Written Record Present Inferred 500 CE 555 CE
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Script Absent Inferred 300 CE 499 CE
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Script Present Inferred 500 CE 555 CE
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Nonwritten Record Present Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Non Phonetic Writing Absent Inferred 300 CE 499 CE
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Non Phonetic Writing Present Inferred 500 CE 555 CE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Scientific Literature Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Sacred Text Absent Inferred 300 CE 499 CE
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Sacred Text Present Inferred 500 CE 555 CE
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Religious Literature Absent Inferred 300 CE 499 CE
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Religious Literature Present Inferred 500 CE 555 CE
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Practical Literature Absent Inferred 300 CE 499 CE
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Practical Literature Present Inferred 500 CE 555 CE
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Philosophy Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Lists Tables and Classification Absent Inferred 300 CE 499 CE
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Lists Tables and Classification Present Inferred 500 CE 555 CE
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History Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Fiction Absent Inferred 300 CE 499 CE
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Fiction Present Confident Uncertain 500 CE 555 CE
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Fiction Absent Confident Uncertain 500 CE 555 CE
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Calendar Absent Inferred 300 CE 499 CE
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Calendar Present Inferred 500 CE 555 CE
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Information / Money Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Token Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Precious Metal Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Paper Currency Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Indigenous Coin Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Foreign Coin Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Article Present Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Information / Postal System Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Postal Station Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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General Postal Service Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Courier Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Information / Measurement System Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Wooden Palisade Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Stone Walls Non Mortared Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Stone Walls Mortared Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Settlements in a Defensive Position Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Modern Fortification Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Moat Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Fortified Camp Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Earth Rampart Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Ditch Present Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Complex Fortification Present Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Long Wall unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Military use of Metals Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Steel Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Iron Present Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Copper Present Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Bronze Present Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Projectiles Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Tension Siege Engine Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Sling Siege Engine Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Sling Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Self Bow Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Javelin Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Handheld Firearm Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Gunpowder Siege Artillery Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Crossbow Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Composite Bow Present Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Atlatl Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Handheld weapons Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
War Club Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Sword Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Spear Present Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Polearm Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Dagger Present Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Battle Axe Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Animals used in warfare Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Horse Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Elephant Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Donkey Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Dog Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Camel Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Armor Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Wood Bark Etc Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Shield Present Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Scaled Armor Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Plate Armor Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Limb Protection Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Leather Cloth Present Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Laminar Armor Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Helmet Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Chainmail Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Breastplate Unknown Suspected 300 CE  555 CE
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Naval technology Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Military Vessel Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Small Vessels Canoes Etc Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Merchant Ships Pressed Into Service Absent Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain Absent Inferred 300 CE  555 CE
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Human Sacrifice Rouran Khaganate (mn_rouran_khaganate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Crisis Cases
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Instability Data
Power Transitions
View all Power Transitions