Section: General Variables
Subsection: General

Polity Language

The language of a polity.  
Contributors: Jenny, Majid, Peter

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition
language The language of a polity.

<
# Polity   Year(s)   Language   Confidence     Disputed?     Expert?   Edit
1
Spanish Empire II
1716 CE 1814 CE
Spanish
Confident No Edit
2
Chola Empire
-
Tamil
Confident No Edit
3
Carolingian Empire I
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
4
Yemen Ziyad Dynasty
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
5
Five Dynasties Period
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
6
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I
-
German
Confident No Edit
7
Carolingian Empire II
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
8
Gahadavala Dynasty
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
9
Italian Kingdom Late Antiquity
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
10
Himyar I
-
Sabaic
Confident No Edit
11
Rasulid Dynasty
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
12
Kannauj - Varman Dynasty
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
13
Himyar II
-
Sabaic
Confident No Edit
14
Xianbei Confederation
-
Xianbei
Confident No Edit
15
Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
16
Kingdom of Ayodhya
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
17
Hellenistic Crete
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
18
Yemen - Era of Warlords
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
19
Kachi Plain - Urban Period II
-
unknown
Confident No Edit
20
Egypt - Dynasty I
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
21
Egypt - Dynasty II
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
22
Naqada I
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
23
Khmer Kingdom
-
Mon
Confident No Edit
24
Shiwei
-
Khitan
Confident No Edit
25
Wei Kingdom
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
26
Egypt - Dynasty 0
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
27
Hmong - Late Qing
-
Hmong-Mien
Confident No Edit
28
Egypt - Saite Period
-
Demotic
Confident No Edit
29
Hmong - Late Qing
-
Hmongic
Confident No Edit
30
Hmong - Late Qing
-
Chuanqiandian
Confident No Edit
31
Northern Wei
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
32
Early Qing
-
Manchu language
Confident No Edit
33
Late Qing
-
Manchu language
Confident No Edit
34
Western Zhou
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
35
Badarian
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
36
Buhaya
-
Haya
Confident No Edit
37
Karagwe
-
Kinyambo
Confident No Edit
38
Kingdom of Bohemia - Luxembourgian and Jagiellonian Dynasty
-
Czech
Confident No Edit
39
Jin Dynasty
-
Khitan
Confident No Edit
40
Ancient Khwarazm
-
Sogdian
Confident No Edit
41
Eastern Han Empire
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
42
Western Jin
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
43
Jin
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
44
Jin Dynasty
-
Middle Chinese
Confident No Edit
45
Jin Dynasty
-
Jurchen
Confident No Edit
46
Great Ming
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
47
Northern Song
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
48
Late Shang
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
49
Sui Dynasty
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
50
Tang Dynasty I
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
51
Tang Dynasty II
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
52
Early Wei Dynasty
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
53
Western Han Empire
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
54
Great Yuan
-
Mongolian language
Confident No Edit
55
Great Yuan
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
56
Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period
-
Demotic
Confident No Edit
57
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
58
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
59
Egypt - Middle Kingdom
-
Ancient Egyptian
Confident No Edit
60
Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom
-
Ancient Egyptian
Confident No Edit
61
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
-
Ancient Egyptian
Confident No Edit
62
Egypt - Period of the Regions
-
Ancient Egyptian
Confident No Edit
63
Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
64
Proto-Carolingian
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
65
Proto-Carolingian
-
Germanic
Confident No Edit
66
Middle Merovingian
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
67
Middle Merovingian
-
Germanic
Confident No Edit
68
British Empire II
-
English
Confident No Edit
69
Archaic Crete
-
Doric Greek
Confident No Edit
70
Erligang
-
archaic Chinese
Confident No Edit
71
Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period
-
Ancient Egyptian
Confident No Edit
72
Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period
-
Ancient Egyptian
Confident No Edit
73
Chuuk - Late Truk
-
Chuukese
Confident No Edit
74
Hallstatt A-B1
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
75
La Tene A-B1
-
Gallic
Confident No Edit
76
La Tene B2-C1
-
Gallic
Confident No Edit
77
La Tene C2-D
-
Gaulish
Confident No Edit
78
Classical Crete
-
Doric Greek
Confident No Edit
79
Qatabanian Commonwealth
-
Qatabanic
Confident No Edit
80
Final Postpalatial Crete
-
Minoan
Confident No Edit
81
Final Postpalatial Crete
-
Early Greek
Confident No Edit
82
Geometric Crete
-
Doric Greek
Confident No Edit
83
Geometric Crete
-
Eteocretan
Confident No Edit
84
Hawaii II
-
Hawaiian
Confident No Edit
85
Hawaii III
-
Hawaiian
Confident No Edit
86
Mataram Sultanate
-
Javanese
Confident No Edit
87
Yisrael
-
Hebrew
Confident No Edit
88
Hoysala Kingdom
-
Kannada
Confident No Edit
89
Hoysala Kingdom
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
90
Abbasid Caliphate II
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
91
Bazi Dynasty
-
Akkadian
Confident No Edit
92
Dynasty of E
-
Mesopotamian Religions
Confident No Edit
93
Second Dynasty of Isin
-
Akkadian
Confident No Edit
94
Ubaid
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
95
Postpalatial Crete
-
Minoan
Confident No Edit
96
Postpalatial Crete
-
Early Greek
Confident No Edit
97
Prepalatial Crete
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
98
Majapahit Kingdom
-
Middle Javanese
Confident No Edit
99
Canaan
-
Canaanite
Confident No Edit
100
Chalukyas of Badami
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
101
Chalukyas of Badami
-
Kannada
Confident No Edit
102
Gupta Empire
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
103
Kadamba Empire
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
104
Kampili Kingdom
-
Kannada
Confident No Edit
105
Kampili Kingdom
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
106
Rashtrakuta Empire
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
107
Rashtrakuta Empire
-
Kannada
Confident No Edit
108
Magadha - Sunga Empire
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
109
Amorite Babylonia
-
Amorite
Confident No Edit
110
Amorite Babylonia
-
Old Babylonian
Confident No Edit
111
Early Dynastic
-
Sumerian
Confident No Edit
112
Uruk
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
113
Ak Koyunlu
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
114
Ilkhanate
-
Mongolian
Confident No Edit
115
Elam III
-
Elamite
Confident No Edit
116
Sabaean Commonwealth
-
Qatabanic
Confident No Edit
117
Qajar
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
118
Papal States - Medieval Period I
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
119
Papal States - Medieval Period II
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
120
Exarchate of Ravenna
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
121
Exarchate of Ravenna
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
122
Roman Kingdom
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
123
Republic of St Peter I
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
124
Republic of Venice III
-
Italian
Confident No Edit
125
Republic of Venice IV
-
Italian
Confident No Edit
126
Kansai - Kofun Period
-
Japanese
Confident No Edit
127
Phoenician Empire
-
Phoenician
Confident No Edit
128
Jenne-jeno I
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
129
Susa II
-
Sumerian
Confident No Edit
130
Susa III
-
Sumerian
Confident No Edit
131
Latium - Bronze Age
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
132
Latium - Iron Age
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
133
Papal States - High Medieval Period
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
134
Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
135
Ashikaga Shogunate
-
Middle Japanese
Confident No Edit
136
Japan - Incipient Jomon
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
137
Japan - Initial Jomon
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
138
Japan - Middle Jomon
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
139
Kamakura Shogunate
-
Middle Japanese
Confident No Edit
140
Warring States Japan
-
Middle Japanese
Confident No Edit
141
Classical Angkor
-
Old Khmer
Confident No Edit
142
Classical Angkor
-
Mon
Confident No Edit
143
Classical Angkor
-
Tai
Confident No Edit
144
Late Angkor
-
Khmer
Confident No Edit
145
Khmer Kingdom
-
Khmer
Confident No Edit
146
Chenla
-
Old Khmer
Confident No Edit
147
Saadi Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
148
Saadi Sultanate
-
Berber
Confident No Edit
149
Mali Empire
-
Mande
Confident No Edit
150
Khitan I
-
Khitan
Confident No Edit
151
Early Xiongnu
-
Xiongnu
Confident No Edit
152
Late Formative Basin of Mexico
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
153
Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
154
Cuzco - Early Intermediate I
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
155
Cuzco - Early Intermediate II
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
156
Cuzco - Late Formative
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
157
Wari Empire
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
158
Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
-
unknown
Confident No Edit
159
Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
-
unknown
Confident No Edit
160
Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic
-
unknown
Confident No Edit
161
Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period
-
unknown
Confident No Edit
162
Late Mongols
-
Khalkha
Confident No Edit
163
Zungharian Empire
-
Oirat
Confident No Edit
164
Later Wagadu Empire
-
Mande
Confident No Edit
165
Middle Wagadu Empire
-
Mande
Confident No Edit
166
Monte Alban III
-
Zapotec
Confident No Edit
167
Oaxaca - Tierras Largas
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
168
Indo-Greek Kingdom
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
169
Indo-Greek Kingdom
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
170
Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
171
Kachi Plain - Urban Period I
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
172
Egypt - Kushite Period
-
Merotic
Confident No Edit
173
Rattanakosin
-
Thai
Confident No Edit
174
Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II
-
Nesite
Confident No Edit
175
Late Cappadocia
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
176
Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic
-
Indo-European language
Confident No Edit
177
Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic
-
Indo-European language
Confident No Edit
178
Chuuk - Early Truk
-
Chuukese
Confident No Edit
179
Hatti - Old Kingdom
-
Nesite
Confident No Edit
180
Lysimachus Kingdom
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
181
Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
182
Konya Plain - Late Neolithic
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
183
Phrygian Kingdom
-
Phrygian
Confident No Edit
184
Rum Sultanate
-
Turkish
Confident No Edit
185
Tabal Kingdoms
-
Luwian
Confident No Edit
186
Cahokia - Sand Prairie
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
187
Timurid Empire
-
Chagatai Turkish
Confident No Edit
188
Sabaean Commonwealth
-
Sabaic
Confident No Edit
189
Kingdom of Bohemia - Přemyslid Dynasty
-
Czech
Confident No Edit
190
Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period
-
Hawaiian
Confident No Edit
191
Chagatai Khanate
-
Middle Mongolian
Confident No Edit
192
Khanate of Bukhara
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
193
Koktepe II
-
Ancient Iranian
Confident No Edit
194
Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
195
Durrani Empire
-
Pashto
Confident No Edit
196
Durrani Empire
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
197
Ghur Principality
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
198
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
199
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
-
Bactrian
Confident No Edit
200
Hephthalites
-
Bactrian
Confident No Edit
201
Tairona
-
Atanque
Confident No Edit
202
Kidarite Kingdom
-
Sogdian
Confident No Edit
203
Proto-French Kingdom
-
Occitan
Confident No Edit
204
Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period
-
Sindhi
Confident No Edit
205
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
206
Kidarite Kingdom
-
Bactrian
Confident No Edit
207
Kidarite Kingdom
-
Pahlavi
Confident No Edit
208
Kidarite Kingdom
-
Brahmi
Confident No Edit
209
Kushan Empire
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
210
Kushan Empire
-
Bactrian
Confident No Edit
211
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
-
French
Confident No Edit
212
Kansai - Yayoi Period
-
Japanese
Confident No Edit
213
Kushan Empire
-
Kharoshthi
Confident No Edit
214
Tocharians
-
Tocharian
Confident No Edit
215
Tocharians
-
Bactrian
Confident No Edit
216
Erlitou
-
archaic Chinese
Confident No Edit
217
Ptolemaic Kingdom II
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
218
Hmong - Early Chinese
-
Xiangxi
Confident No Edit
219
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
-
Langues dOil
Confident No Edit
220
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
-
Occitan
Confident No Edit
221
Electorate of Brandenburg
-
German
Confident No Edit
222
Hmong - Early Chinese
-
Qiandong
Confident No Edit
223
Hmong - Early Chinese
-
Chuanqiandian
Confident No Edit
224
Northern Wei
-
Xianbei
Confident No Edit
225
Early Qing
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
226
Late Qing
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
227
Spanish Empire I
-
Castilian Spanish
Confident No Edit
228
Shuar - Colonial
-
Shuar
Confident No Edit
229
French Kingdom - Early Valois
-
French
Confident No Edit
230
French Kingdom - Late Valois
-
French
Confident No Edit
231
Vakataka Kingdom
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
232
Shuar - Ecuadorian
-
Shuar
Confident No Edit
233
Ayyubid Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
234
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
235
Naqada II
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
236
Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period
-
Late Egyptian
Confident No Edit
237
Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period
-
Late Egyptian
Confident No Edit
238
Ptolemaic Kingdom I
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
239
Ptolemaic Kingdom I
-
demotic Egyptian
Confident No Edit
240
Spanish Empire I
-
Castilian Spanish
Confident No Edit
241
French Kingdom - Early Bourbon
-
French
Confident No Edit
242
French Kingdom - Late Bourbon
-
French
Confident No Edit
243
Proto-French Kingdom
-
French
Confident No Edit
244
Proto-French Kingdom
-
Langues dOil
Confident No Edit
245
State of the Teutonic Order
-
German
Confident No Edit
246
Akan - Pre-Ashanti
-
Akan
Confident No Edit
247
Akan - Pre-Ashanti
-
Twi
Confident No Edit
248
Ashanti Empire
-
Akan
Confident No Edit
249
Ashanti Empire
-
Twi
Confident No Edit
250
The Emirate of Crete
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
251
The Emirate of Crete
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
252
Monopalatial Crete
-
Minoan
Confident No Edit
253
Monopalatial Crete
-
Early Greek
Confident No Edit
254
New Palace Crete
-
suspected unknown
Confident No Edit
255
Hawaii I
-
Old Hawaiian
Confident No Edit
256
Ur - Dynasty III
-
Akkadian
Confident No Edit
257
Iban - Pre-Brooke
-
Iban
Confident No Edit
258
Pre-Sape Sierra Leone
-
Vai
Confident No Edit
259
Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial
-
Iban
Confident No Edit
260
Kalingga Kingdom
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
261
Kediri Kingdom
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
262
Kediri Kingdom
-
Old Javanese
Confident No Edit
263
Majapahit Kingdom
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
264
Medang Kingdom
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
265
Medang Kingdom
-
Old Javanese
Confident No Edit
266
Yehuda
-
Aramaic
Confident No Edit
267
Isin-Larsa
-
Akkadian
Confident No Edit
268
Yehuda
-
Hebrew
Confident No Edit
269
Yehuda
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
270
Chalukyas of Kalyani
-
Kannada
Confident No Edit
271
Chalukyas of Kalyani
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
272
Vijayanagara Empire
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
273
Delhi Sultanate
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
274
Delhi Sultanate
-
Urdu
Confident No Edit
275
Early A'chik
-
A’chik
Confident No Edit
276
Late A'chik
-
A’chik
Confident No Edit
277
Gupta Empire
-
Prakrit
Confident No Edit
278
Kadamba Empire
-
Prakrit
Confident No Edit
279
Kadamba Empire
-
Kannada
Confident No Edit
280
Neo-Assyrian Empire
-
Aramaic
Confident No Edit
281
Ur - Dynasty III
-
Sumerian
Confident No Edit
282
Magadha - Maurya Empire
-
Prakrit
Confident No Edit
283
Magadha - Maurya Empire
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
284
Mughal Empire
-
Urdu
Confident No Edit
285
Mughal Empire
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
286
Satavahana Empire
-
Prakrit
Confident No Edit
287
Satavahana Empire
-
Kannada
Confident No Edit
288
Magadha - Sunga Empire
-
Prakrit
Confident No Edit
289
Vijayanagara Empire
-
Telugu
Confident No Edit
290
Vijayanagara Empire
-
Tamil
Confident No Edit
291
Vijayanagara Empire
-
Kannada
Confident No Edit
292
Abbasid Caliphate I
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
293
Akkadian Empire
-
Akkadian
Confident No Edit
294
Akkadian Empire
-
Sumerian
Confident No Edit
295
Achaemenid Empire
-
Old Persian
Confident No Edit
296
Buyid Confederation
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
297
Buyid Confederation
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
298
Achaemenid Empire
-
Aramaic
Confident No Edit
299
Achaemenid Empire
-
Elamite
Confident No Edit
300
Achaemenid Empire
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
301
Achaemenid Empire
-
Egyptian
Confident No Edit
302
Elam - Igihalkid Period
-
Akkadian
Confident No Edit
303
Elam - Awan Dynasty I
-
Old Elamite
Confident No Edit
304
Elam - Awan Dynasty I
-
Akkadian
Confident No Edit
305
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II
-
German
Confident No Edit
306
Holy Roman Empire - Hohenstaufen Faction
-
German
Confident No Edit
307
Elymais II
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
308
Ilkhanate
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
309
Ilkhanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
310
Elam - Kidinuid Period
-
Elamite
Confident No Edit
311
Elam - Kidinuid Period
-
Akkadian
Confident No Edit
312
Elam - Igihalkid Period
-
Elamite
Confident No Edit
313
Mongol Empire
-
Chinese
Confident No Edit
314
Elam - Shutrukid Period
-
Elamite
Confident No Edit
315
Elam - Shutrukid Period
-
Akkadian
Confident No Edit
316
Elam II
-
Elamite
Confident No Edit
317
East Francia
-
German
Confident No Edit
318
Elam II
-
native Iranian languages
Confident No Edit
319
Parthian Empire I
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
320
Parthian Empire I
-
Pahlavi
Confident No Edit
321
Parthian Empire II
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
322
Parthian Empire II
-
Pahlavi
Confident No Edit
323
Safavid Empire
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
324
Rome - Republic of St Peter II
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
325
Safavid Empire
-
Turkic
Confident No Edit
326
Safavid Empire
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
327
Sasanid Empire I
-
Pahlavi
Confident No Edit
328
Sasanid Empire II
-
Pahlavi
Confident No Edit
329
Monte Alban IIIB and IV
-
Zapotec
Confident No Edit
330
Seleucids
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
331
Seljuk Sultanate
-
Turkish
Confident No Edit
332
Seljuk Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
333
Papal States - Renaissance Period
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
334
Electorate of Bavaria
-
German
Confident No Edit
335
Seljuk Sultanate
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
336
Elam - Shimashki Period
-
Elamite
Confident No Edit
337
Elam - Shimashki Period
-
Akkadian
Confident No Edit
338
Elam - Shimashki Period
-
Babylonian
Confident No Edit
339
Middle Roman Republic
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
340
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
-
Elamite
Confident No Edit
341
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
-
Akkadian
Confident No Edit
342
Early Roman Republic
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
343
Early Roman Republic
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
344
Germany - Hohenzollern Dynasty
-
German
Confident No Edit
345
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
-
Babylonian
Confident No Edit
346
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
-
Hurrian
Confident No Edit
347
Monte Alban V
-
Zapotec
Confident No Edit
348
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
-
Amorite
Confident No Edit
349
Susa III
-
Proto-Elamite
Confident No Edit
350
Icelandic Commonwealth
-
Old Norse
Confident No Edit
351
Ostrogothic Kingdom
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
352
Ostrogothic Kingdom
-
Germanic
Confident No Edit
353
Tokugawa Shogunate
-
Early Modern Japanese
Confident No Edit
354
Late Roman Republic
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
355
Late Roman Republic
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
356
Mongol Empire
-
Mongolian
Confident No Edit
357
Middle Roman Republic
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
358
Roman Empire - Principate
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
359
Asuka
-
Old Japanese
Confident No Edit
360
Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama
-
Middle Japanese
Confident No Edit
361
Heian
-
Late Old Japanese
Confident No Edit
362
Heian
-
Middle Japanese
Confident No Edit
363
Japan - Early Jomon
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
364
Japan - Late Jomon
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
365
Japan - Final Jomon
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
366
Nara Kingdom
-
Old Japanese
Confident No Edit
367
Holy Roman Empire - Fragmented Period
-
German
Confident No Edit
368
Kara-Khanids
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
369
Kara-Khanids
-
Turkic
Confident No Edit
370
Western Turk Khaganate
-
Sogdian
Confident No Edit
371
Western Turk Khaganate
-
Old Turkic
Confident No Edit
372
Mongol Empire
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
373
Western Turk Khaganate
-
Iranian
Confident No Edit
374
Early Angkor
-
Old Khmer
Confident No Edit
375
Khmer Kingdom
-
Tai
Confident No Edit
376
Khmer Kingdom
-
Pali
Confident No Edit
377
Chenla
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
378
Funan I
-
Khmer
Confident No Edit
379
Hungary Kingdom - Anjou and Later Dynasties
-
Hungarian
Confident No Edit
380
Funan I
-
Mon
Confident No Edit
381
Funan II
-
Khmer
Confident No Edit
382
Funan II
-
Mon
Confident No Edit
383
Saadi Sultanate
-
Spanish
Confident No Edit
384
Saadi Sultanate
-
Portuguese
Confident No Edit
385
Bamana kingdom
-
Bambara
Confident No Edit
386
Mali Empire
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
387
Segou Kingdom
-
Bambara
Confident No Edit
388
Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
-
Mande
Confident No Edit
389
Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
-
Songhay
Confident No Edit
390
Uigur Khaganate
-
Old Turkic
Confident No Edit
391
Eastern Turk Khaganate
-
Old Turkic
Confident No Edit
392
Eastern Turk Khaganate
-
Sogdian
Confident No Edit
393
Mongol Empire
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
394
Mongol Empire
-
Russian
Confident No Edit
395
Mongol Empire
-
Georgian
Confident No Edit
396
Mongol Empire
-
Armenian
Confident No Edit
397
Early Mongols
-
Mongolian
Confident No Edit
398
Early Mongols
-
Kereid
Confident No Edit
399
Early Mongols
-
Tatar
Confident No Edit
400
Early Mongols
-
Naimans
Confident No Edit
401
Rouran Khaganate
-
Rouran
Confident No Edit
402
Second Turk Khaganate
-
Old Turkic
Confident No Edit
403
Hungary Kingdom - Árpád Dynasty
-
Hungarian
Confident No Edit
404
Late Xiongnu
-
Xiongnu
Confident No Edit
405
Xiongnu Imperial Confederation
-
Xiongnu
Confident No Edit
406
Early Monte Alban I
-
Zapotec
Confident No Edit
407
Monte Alban Late I
-
Zapotec
Confident No Edit
408
Monte Alban II
-
Zapotec
Confident No Edit
409
Oaxaca - Rosario
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
410
Oaxaca - San Jose
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
411
Kingdom of Norway II
-
Icelandic
Confident No Edit
412
Cuzco - Late Intermediate I
-
Aymara
Confident No Edit
413
Cuzco - Late Intermediate I
-
Puquina
Confident No Edit
414
Cuzco - Late Intermediate II
-
Aymara
Confident No Edit
415
Cuzco - Late Intermediate II
-
Puquina
Confident No Edit
416
Inca Empire
-
Quechua
Confident No Edit
417
Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
-
Orokaiva
Confident No Edit
418
Orokaiva - Colonial
-
Orokaiva
Confident No Edit
419
Indo-Greek Kingdom
-
Prakrit
Confident No Edit
420
Indo-Greek Kingdom
-
Bactrian
Confident No Edit
421
Indo-Greek Kingdom
-
Aramaic
Confident No Edit
422
Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period
-
unknown
Confident No Edit
423
Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
424
Sind - Samma Dynasty
-
Sindhi
Confident No Edit
425
Sind - Samma Dynasty
-
Punjabi
Confident No Edit
426
Sakha - Early
-
Sakha (Yakut)
Confident No Edit
427
Sakha - Late
-
Sakha (Yakut)
Confident No Edit
428
Egypt - Kushite Period
-
Egyptian
Confident No Edit
429
Umayyad Caliphate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
430
Umayyad Caliphate
-
Coptic
Confident No Edit
431
Umayyad Caliphate
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
432
Umayyad Caliphate
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
433
Pre-Sape Sierra Leone
-
Temne
Confident No Edit
434
Mossi
-
Mossi
Confident No Edit
435
Ayutthaya
-
Tai
Confident No Edit
436
Ayutthaya
-
Thai
Confident No Edit
437
Fatimid Caliphate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
438
Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age
-
Proto-Indo-European language
Confident No Edit
439
Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II
-
Luwian
Confident No Edit
440
Kingdom of Gomma
-
Oromo
Confident No Edit
441
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
-
Hattic
Confident No Edit
442
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
-
Luwian
Confident No Edit
443
Qatabanian Commonwealth
-
Hadramawtic
Confident No Edit
444
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
-
Hittite
Confident No Edit
445
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
-
Hurrian
Confident No Edit
446
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
-
Old Assyrian dialect of Akkadian
Confident No Edit
447
Byzantine Empire I
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
448
Byzantine Empire II
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
449
Byzantine Empire III
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
450
East Roman Empire
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
451
Hatti - New Kingdom
-
Nesite
Confident No Edit
452
Hatti - New Kingdom
-
Luwian
Confident No Edit
453
Hatti - Old Kingdom
-
Luwian
Confident No Edit
454
Kingdom of Lydia
-
Lydian
Confident No Edit
455
Neo-Hittite Kingdoms
-
Luwian
Confident No Edit
456
Ottoman Emirate
-
Ottoman Turkish
Confident No Edit
457
Ottoman Empire I
-
Turkish
Confident No Edit
458
Ottoman Empire I
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
459
Ottoman Empire II
-
Turkish
Confident No Edit
460
Ottoman Empire III
-
Turkish
Confident No Edit
461
Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan
-
Sabaic
Confident No Edit
462
Roman Empire - Dominate
-
Latin
Confident No Edit
463
Roman Empire - Dominate
-
Greek
Confident No Edit
464
Rum Sultanate
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
465
Rum Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
466
Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
467
Cahokia - Moorehead
-
NO_VALUE_ON_WIKI
Confident No Edit
468
Early Illinois Confederation
-
Miami Illinois
Confident No Edit
469
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
-
Cayuga
Confident No Edit
470
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
-
Mohawk
Confident No Edit
471
Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan
-
Mainic
Confident No Edit
472
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
-
Oneida
Confident No Edit
473
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
-
Onondaga
Confident No Edit
474
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
-
Seneca
Confident No Edit
475
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
-
Tuscarora
Confident No Edit
476
Qatabanian Commonwealth
-
Old Arabic
Confident No Edit
477
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
-
Cayuga
Confident No Edit
478
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
-
Mohawk
Confident No Edit
479
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
-
Oneida
Confident No Edit
480
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
-
Onondaga
Confident No Edit
481
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
-
Seneca
Confident No Edit
482
Sabaean Commonwealth
-
Mainic
Confident No Edit
483
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
-
Tuscarora
Confident No Edit
484
Samanid Empire
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
485
Samanid Empire
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
486
Sogdiana - City-States Period
-
Sogdian
Confident No Edit
487
Timurid Empire
-
Persian
Confident No Edit
488
Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
489
Qatabanian Commonwealth
-
Sabaic
Confident No Edit
490
Qatabanian Commonwealth
-
Mainic
Confident No Edit
491
Sabaean Commonwealth
-
Hadramawtic
Confident No Edit
492
Sabaean Commonwealth
-
Old Arabic
Confident No Edit
493
Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan
-
Qatabanic
Confident No Edit
494
Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan
-
Hadramawtic
Confident No Edit
495
Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan
-
Old Arabic
Confident No Edit
496
Early Modern Sierra Leone
-
Susu
Confident No Edit
497
Early Modern Sierra Leone
-
Koranko
Confident No Edit
498
Early Modern Sierra Leone
-
Limba
Confident No Edit
499
Early Modern Sierra Leone
-
Temne
Confident No Edit
500
Sape
-
Temne
Confident No Edit
501
Early Modern Sierra Leone
-
Mande
Confident No Edit
502
Early Modern Sierra Leone
-
Bullom
Confident No Edit
503
Early Modern Sierra Leone
-
Loko
Confident No Edit
504
Kaabu
-
Manding
Confident No Edit
505
Freetown
-
English
Confident No Edit
506
Freetown
-
Krio
Confident No Edit
507
Futa Jallon
-
Pulaar
Confident No Edit
508
Pre-Sape Sierra Leone
-
Limba
Confident No Edit
509
Pre-Sape Sierra Leone
-
Bullom
Confident No Edit
510
Pre-Sape Sierra Leone
-
Kissi
Confident No Edit
511
Pre-Sape Sierra Leone
-
Krim
Confident No Edit
512
Sape
-
Bullom
Confident No Edit
513
Great Zimbabwe
-
Shona
Confident No Edit
514
Torwa-Rozvi
-
Shona
Confident No Edit
515
Mutapa
-
Shona
Confident No Edit
516
Pandya Empire
-
Tamil
Confident No Edit
517
Dambadaneiya
-
Sinhala
Confident No Edit
518
Anurādhapura IV
-
Sinhala
Confident No Edit
519
Polonnaruwa
-
Sinhala
Confident No Edit
520
Habr Yunis
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
521
Polonnaruwa
-
Tamil
Confident No Edit
522
Anurādhapura III
-
Sinhala
Confident No Edit
523
Dutch Empire
-
Dutch
Confident No Edit
524
Anurādhapura I
-
Sinhala
Confident No Edit
525
Jaffna
-
Tamil
Confident No Edit
526
Jaffna
-
Sinhalese
Confident No Edit
527
Anurādhapura II
-
Sinhala
Confident No Edit
528
Kingdom of Jimma
-
Oromo
Confident No Edit
529
Adal Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
530
Adal Sultanate
-
Harari
Confident No Edit
531
Adal Sultanate
-
Argobba
Confident No Edit
532
Tunni Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
533
Tunni Sultanate
-
Maay
Confident No Edit
534
Ajuran Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
535
Emirate of Harar
-
Oromo
Confident No Edit
536
Habr Yunis
-
Somali
Confident No Edit
537
Sultanate of Geledi
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
538
Sultanate of Geledi
-
Maay
Confident No Edit
539
Shoa Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
540
Shoa Sultanate
-
Harari
Confident No Edit
541
Early Sultanate of Aussa
-
Qafar
Confident No Edit
542
Ifat Sultanate
-
Argobba
Confident No Edit
543
Shoa Sultanate
-
Argobba
Confident No Edit
544
Harla Kingdom
-
Harla
Confident No Edit
545
Harla Kingdom
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
546
Hadiya Sultanate
-
Hadiyya
Confident No Edit
547
Ifat Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
548
Ifat Sultanate
-
Harari
Confident No Edit
549
Pandya Dynasty
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
550
Medri Bahri
-
Tigrinya
Confident No Edit
551
Majeerteen Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
552
Majeerteen Sultanate
-
Somali
Confident No Edit
553
Funj Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
554
Funj Sultanate
-
Funj
Confident No Edit
555
Kingdom of Kaffa
-
Kafa
Confident No Edit
556
Kingdom of Kaffa
-
Yemsa
Confident No Edit
557
Kingdom of Gumma
-
Oromo
Confident No Edit
558
Emirate of Harar
-
Harari
Confident No Edit
559
Isaaq Sultanate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
560
Isaaq Sultanate
-
Somali
Confident No Edit
561
Proto-Yoruba
-
Proto-Yoruba
Confident No Edit
562
Classical Ife
-
Yoruba
Confident No Edit
563
Classical Ife
-
Bini
Confident No Edit
564
Late Formative Yoruba
-
Yoruba
Confident No Edit
565
Kwararafa
-
Jukun
Confident No Edit
566
Allada
-
Ajagbe
Confident No Edit
567
Allada
-
Yoruba
Confident No Edit
568
Nayaks of Thanjavur
-
Telugu
Confident No Edit
569
Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́
-
Yoruba
Confident No Edit
570
Whydah
-
Ajagbe
Confident No Edit
571
Oyo
-
Yoruba
Confident No Edit
572
Proto-Yoruboid
-
Proto-Yoruboid
Confident No Edit
573
Sokoto Caliphate
-
Sokoto
Confident No Edit
574
Sokoto Caliphate
-
Hausa
Confident No Edit
575
Sokoto Caliphate
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
576
Igala
-
Idoma
Confident No Edit
577
Igala
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
578
Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì
-
Igbo
Confident No Edit
579
Soviet Union
-
Russian
Confident No Edit
580
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II
-
Russian
Confident No Edit
581
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I
-
Russian
Confident No Edit
582
Burundi
-
Kirundi
Confident No Edit
583
Fipa
-
Fipa
Confident No Edit
584
Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì
-
Nri
Confident No Edit
585
Hausa bakwai
-
Hausa
Confident No Edit
586
Kanem-Borno
-
Kanuri
Confident No Edit
587
Kanem-Borno
-
Kanembu
Confident No Edit
588
Kanem-Borno
-
Arabic
Confident No Edit
589
Foys
-
Fongbe
Confident No Edit
590
Benin Empire
-
Bini
Confident No Edit
591
Wukari Federation
-
Jukun
Confident No Edit
592
Kingdom of Cayor
-
Wolof
Confident No Edit
593
Kingdom of Saloum
-
Sereer
Confident No Edit
594
Late Pallava Empire
-
Sanskrit
Confident No Edit
595
Nkore
-
Runyankore
Confident No Edit
596
Kingdom of Baol
-
Sereer
Confident No Edit
597
Kingdom of Baol
-
Wolof
Confident No Edit
598
Kingdom of Sine
-
Sereer
Confident No Edit
599