Home Region:  East Africa (Africa)

Majeerteen Sultanate

1750 CE 1926 CE
D G SC RG New EA  so_majeerteen_sultanate
Preceding Entity:
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Succeeding Entity:
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  General Description   The Majeerteen Sultanate was a costal kingdom in the north eastern corner of Somalia. The exact formation date of the Sultanate is unknown with some scholars attesting that it was created in the late seventeenth century, while others acknowledging its origin from the later part of the eighteenth century. The Majeerteen Sultanate was a subgroup of the Darod Clan and had their capital situated at Alula. [1] The Majeerteen Sultanate was a lucrative kingdom with Omani, Egyptian, Yemeni and Arabian trading alliances. [2] In 1839, the Majeerteen Sultan, Isman Mahamud, entered into a British trade agreement which also guaranteed safe passage for British ships and crew members who sometimes shipwrecked in the Sultanate’s waters. [3] Due to the Sultanates subordination to the British crown, the Sultan was able to maintain his kingdom’s freedom up until the later part of the nineteenth century. [1]
The decline of the Sultanate centred on a civil war between Sultan Isman Mahamud and his cousin Yusuf Ali. With the help of foreign fighters, Yusuf Ali was able to take control of some Majeerteen territory and created a new Sultanate called Hobyo. During the final years of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Majeerteen and Hobyo Sultanates became under pressure by European colonial powers, particularly Italy. In 1926, Italian colonial forces occupied both kingdoms creating Italian Somaliland. [1]
No information on population sizes were found in the consulted sources.

[1]: (Njoku 2013, 41-42) Njoku, Raphael C. 2013. The History of Somalia. Santa Barbara: Greenwood Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/U9FHBPZF/library

[2]: (Smith 2021, 73) Smith, Nicholas W.S. 2021. Colonial Chaos in the Southern Red Sea: A History of Violence from 1830 to the Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/TWITJWK4/items/K6HVJ7X4/collection

[3]: (Lewis 2002, 38) Lewis, Ioan M. 2002. A Modern History of the Somali: Nation and State in the Horn of Africa. Athens: Ohio University Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/TWITJWK4/items/UQWUPZBM/collection

General Variables
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
Language
Religion
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequences Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate) was in:
Home NGA: None
General Variables
Identity and Location Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Utm Zone 39 N Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Original Name Majeerteen Sultanate Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Capital Alula Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Alternative Name Majerteen Sultanate Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Alternative Name Majerteyn Sultanate Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Temporal Bounds Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Peak Years [1800 CE ➜ 1860 CE] Confident
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Duration [1750 CE ➜ 1926 CE] Confident
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Political and Cultural Relations Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Suprapolity Relations none Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Succeeding Entity Italian Somaliland Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Language Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Linguistic Family Afro-Asiatic Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Language Arabic Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Language Somali Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Religion Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Religious Tradition Islam Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Religion Family Sunni Islam Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Hierarchical Complexity Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Administrative Level [5 to 7] Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Professions Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Bureaucracy Characteristics Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Law Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
Specialized Buildings: polity owned Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Market Present Inferred 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Drinking Water Supply System Present Inferred 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Communal Building Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Utilitarian Public Building Present Inferred 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Knowledge Or Information Building Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Road Present Inferred 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Port Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Special-purpose Sites Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Special Purpose Site Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Ceremonial Site Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Burial Site Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Information / Writing System Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Script Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Sacred Text Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Religious Literature Present Inferred 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Calendar Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Information / Money Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Foreign Coin Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Information / Postal System Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Measurement System Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Weight Measurement System Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Volume Measurement System Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Time Measurement System Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Length Measurement System Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Military use of Metals Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Projectiles Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Handheld weapons Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Animals used in warfare Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Armor Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Naval technology Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain Present Confident 1750 CE  1926 CE
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Human Sacrifice Majeerteen Sultanate (so_majeerteen_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Crisis Cases
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Instability Data
Power Transitions
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