Home Region: West Africa (Africa)

Jolof Empire

1360 CE 1549 CE

D G SC R

New WA se_jolof_emp

Preceding Entity: Add one more here.

1230 CE 1410 CE Mali Empire (ml_mali_emp) [None]

Succeeding Entity: Add one more here.

1490 CE 1863 CE Kingdom of Saloum (se_saloum_k) [None]

1550 CE 1890 CE Kingdom of Baol (se_baol_k) [None]

1350 CE 1887 CE Kingdom of Sine (se_sine_k) [None]

1549 CE 1865 CE Kingdom of Jolof (se_jolof_k) [None]

General Description

The Jolof Empire was a Wolof Kingdom that originated as early as the thirteenth century by the leader Ndiadiane N’Diaye. Ndiadine N’Diaye was also the founder of the other Wolof Kingdoms of Waalo and Cayor. Around 1360 CE, the Jolof Empire grew in influence out of the decline of the Mali Empire. The Jolof Empire created a confederation of five kingdoms which included Waalo, Cayor, Baol, Sine and Saloum. All five kingdoms paid tribute and contributed to defensive matters. ^[1] In the fifteenth century, the Jolof Empire established important trade relations with the Portuguese. ^[2] However, competition between European traders and their trading interests caused the Jolof Empire to decline. ^[3] In 1549, the Empire broke down and split into five independent kingdoms, after the ruler of Cayor led a rebellion against the Jolof. ^[4]

[1]: (Fage 2008, 484-486) Fage, J.D. 2008. ‘Upper and Lower Guinea’ In The Cambridge History of Africa c. 1050 – c. 1600. Edited by Roland Oliver. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/search/Fage/titleCreatorYear/items/9V3CTHZ9/item-list

[2]: (Gijanto 2016, 30-32) Gijanto, Liza. 2016. The Life of Trade: Events and Happenings in the Niumi’s Atlantic Center. London: Routledge. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/items/7XNBIF95/collection

[3]: (Fage 2008, 508) Fage, J.D. 2008. ‘Upper and Lower Guinea’ In The Cambridge History of Africa c. 1050 – c. 1600. Edited by Roland Oliver. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/search/Fage/titleCreatorYear/items/9V3CTHZ9/item-list

[4]: (Aderinto 2017, 281) Aderinto, Saheed. 2017. African Kingdoms: An Encyclopedia of Empires and Civilizations. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/items/4E8Q8Z29/collection

General Variables

Identity and Location

1 Utm Zone

1 Original Name

3 Alternative Name

Temporal Bounds

1 Peak Years

1 Duration

Political and Cultural Relations

1 Succeeding Entity

5 Polity Succession

1 Degree of Centralization

Language

1 Linguistic Family

1 Language

Religion

1 Religious Tradition

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale

Hierarchical Complexity

Professions

Bureaucracy Characteristics

Law

Specialized Buildings: polity owned

1 Market

1 Utilitarian Public Building

Transport Infrastructure

1 Road

1 Port

Special-purpose Sites

1 Trading Emporia

1 Special Purpose Site

Information / Writing System

Information / Kinds of Written Documents

1 Sacred Text

1 Religious Literature

1 Calendar

Information / Money

1 Token

1 Article

Information / Postal System

Information / Measurement System

1 Weight Measurement System

1 Time Measurement System

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications

Military use of Metals

Projectiles

Handheld weapons

Animals used in warfare

Armor

Naval technology

Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.

Religion Variables Coding in Progress.

Crisis Consequence Cases Coding in Progress.

Power Transitions

12 Power Transition

Instability Events Coding in Progress.

General Variables

Identity and Location Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Utm Zone	28 N	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Original Name	Jolof Empire	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Alternative Name	Djolof	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Alternative Name	Dyolof	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Alternative Name	Wolof Empire	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Temporal Bounds Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More
Peak Years	[1400 CE ➜ 1499 CE]
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Duration	[1360 CE ➜ 1549 CE]
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Political and Cultural Relations Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Succeeding Entity	Jolof Kingdom	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Preceding Entity 1230 CE 1410 CE	Mali Empire (ml_mali_emp) [None]
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Succeeding Entity 1490 CE 1863 CE	Kingdom of Saloum (se_saloum_k) [None]
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Succeeding Entity 1550 CE 1890 CE	Kingdom of Baol (se_baol_k) [None]
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Succeeding Entity 1350 CE 1887 CE	Kingdom of Sine (se_sine_k) [None]
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Succeeding Entity 1549 CE 1865 CE	Kingdom of Jolof (se_jolof_k) [None]
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Degree of Centralization	confederated state	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Language Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Linguistic Family	Niger-Congo	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Language	Wolof	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Religion Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Religious Tradition	Wolof Religion	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Hierarchical Complexity Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Professions Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Bureaucracy Characteristics Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Law Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Specialized Buildings: polity owned Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Market	Present Inferred	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Utilitarian Public Building	Present Inferred	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Road	Present Inferred	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Port	Present Inferred	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Special-purpose Sites Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Trading Emporia	Present Inferred	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Special Purpose Site	Present Inferred	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Information / Writing System Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Information / Kinds of Written Documents Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Sacred Text	Present	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Religious Literature	Present Inferred	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Calendar	Present	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Information / Money Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Token	Present Inferred	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Article	Present	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Information / Postal System Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Information / Measurement System Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Weight Measurement System	Present Inferred	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Time Measurement System	Present	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Military use of Metals Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Projectiles Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Handheld weapons Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Animals used in warfare Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Armor Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Naval technology Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)

Religion Variables

Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad	Unknown Suspected	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary	Unknown Suspected	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic	Unknown Suspected	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life	Unknown Suspected	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward	Unknown Suspected	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners	Unknown Suspected	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted	Unknown Suspected	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife	Unknown Suspected	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites	Unknown Suspected	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers	Unknown Suspected	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain	Unknown Suspected	1360 CE 1549 CE
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Human Sacrifice Jolof Empire (se_jolof_emp)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More