Home Region: Afghanistan (Central and Northern Eurasia)
Ghur Principality
1025 CE 1215 CE
Displayed: 1200 CE
Firuzkuh
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General Description
The Ghurids were an Islamic Turkish dynasty that ruled the Persian Principality of Ghur between 1025-1215 CE. The peak of their power occurred with their defeat of the Ghaznavid Empire in 1186 CE. For the majority of its existence the Ghurid rulers were in a state of vassalage of the Ghaznavids and the sultans of the Seljuk Turks, to whom they sent tribute.
[1]
While "the early history of the Sansabani family had been full of feuds and disputes" the successful rebellion against the Ghaznavids resulted in a legacy of at least a degree of cooperation.
[2]
Bosworth (2012) talks of a polity with two power-bases: one at the newly-acquired Firuzkuh, at Gazna; the other at Bamian.
[2]
When Mo’ezz-al-Din, conquered Gazna he took the title of sultan.
[2]
Government was based on the Persian model with a professional vizier who oversaw civil affairs. We also know of a treasurer (khazin), an overseer of public morality and inspector of the markets (muhtasib), and qadis who enforced the Shari’a law.
[3]
Literary and artistic activities under the Ghurids were Persian in style and literature was sponsored by Ghurid sultans.
[1]
One of the major cultural achievements of the Ghurid period was the building of the double-helical Minaret of Jam c1190 CE.
[1]: (Bosworth 2012) Bosworth, Edmund C. 2012. GHURIDS. Encyclopaedia Iranica. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ghurids
[2]: (Bosworth 2012) Edmund C Bosworth. 2012. GHURIDS. Encyclopaedia Iranica. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ghurids
[3]: (Jackson 2003, 25) Peter Jackson. 2003. The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press.
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
| none | |
| af_ghur_principality vassalage to af_ghaznavid_emp |
| loose | |
| confederated state |
Language
Religion
Social Scale
| [5,417 to 19,500] people | 1025 CE 1175 CE |
| [100,000 to 400,000] people | 1176 CE 1215 CE |
| [60,000 to 80,000] km2 | 1150 CE |
| [900,000 to 1,100,000] km2 | 1175 CE |
| [1,600,000 to 1,700,000] km2 | 1200 CE |
| - |
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information
/ Writing System
Information
/ Kinds of Written Documents
Information
/ Money
Information
/ Postal System
Information
/ Measurement System
Fortifications
| Unknown |
| Unknown |
| inferred Present |
| inferred Present |
| Absent |
| inferred Present |
| Unknown |
| inferred Present |
| inferred Present |
| inferred Present |
| absent |
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
| inferred Present |
| Present |
| Unknown |
| Present |
| inferred Present |
| Present |
| Unknown |
| inferred Present |
| Present |
| Present |
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables
Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequences
Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions
Coding in Progress.
NGA Settlements:
| Year Range | Ghur Principality (af_ghur_principality) was in: |
|---|---|
| (1193 CE 1206 CE) | Kachi Plain |
Home NGA: Kachi Plain
General Variables
| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Utm Zone | 43 S | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Original Name | Principality of Ghur | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Capital | Firuzkuh | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Alternative Name | Ghurid Empire | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Alternative Name | Sansabanis | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Alternative Name | Gur | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suprapolity Relations | none | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Suprapolity Relations | af_ghur_principality vassalage to af_ghaznavid_emp | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Degree of Centralization | loose | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Degree of Centralization | confederated state | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Religion Genus | Islam | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Religion Family | Sunni | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Religion | Karrami | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Religion | Hanafi | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Religion | Shafii | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Alternate Religion | Uncoded | Undecided | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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Social Complexity Variables
| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population of the Largest Settlement | [5,417 to 19,500] people | Confident | 1025 CE 1175 CE | ||||||||
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| Population of the Largest Settlement | [100,000 to 400,000] people | Confident | 1176 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Polity Territory | [60,000 to 80,000] km2 | Confident | 1150 CE | ||||||||
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| Polity Territory | [900,000 to 1,100,000] km2 | Confident | 1175 CE | ||||||||
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| Polity Territory | [1,600,000 to 1,700,000] km2 | Confident | 1200 CE | ||||||||
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| Polity Population | - | Undecided | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specialized Government Building | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Merit Promotion | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Full Time Bureaucrat | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1175 CE | ||||||||
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| Full Time Bureaucrat | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Examination System | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Professional Lawyer | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Judge | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1149 CE | ||||||||
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| Judge | Present | Inferred | 1150 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Formal Legal Code | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Court | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mines or Quarry | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Written Record | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Script | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Phonetic Alphabetic Writing | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Nonwritten Record | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Non Phonetic Writing | Absent | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific Literature | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Sacred Text | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Religious Literature | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Practical Literature | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Philosophy | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Lists Tables and Classification | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| History | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Fiction | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Calendar | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Precious Metal | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Paper Currency | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Indigenous Coin | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Article | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postal Station | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| General Postal Service | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Courier | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wooden Palisade | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Stone Walls Non Mortared | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Stone Walls Mortared | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Settlements in a Defensive Position | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Modern Fortification | Absent | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Moat | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Fortified Camp | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Earth Rampart | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Ditch | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Complex Fortification | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Long Wall | absent | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tension Siege Engine | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Sling Siege Engine | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Sling | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Self Bow | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Javelin | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Handheld Firearm | Absent | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Gunpowder Siege Artillery | Absent | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Crossbow | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Composite Bow | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Atlatl | Absent | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| War Club | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Sword | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Spear | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Polearm | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Dagger | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Battle Axe | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wood Bark Etc | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Shield | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Scaled Armor | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Plate Armor | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Limb Protection | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Leather Cloth | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Laminar Armor | Unknown | Suspected | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Helmet | Present | Inferred | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Chainmail | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Breastplate | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moralizing Enforcement is Broad | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement in This Life | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Certain | Present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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Crisis Cases
Instability Data
Power Transitions