Home Region:  Anatolia-Caucasus (Southwest Asia)

Tabal Kingdoms

900 BCE 730 BCE
D G SC WF RG EQ 2020  tr_tabal_k / TrTabal
Preceding Entity: Add one more here.
1180 BCE 900 BCE Neo-Hittite Kingdoms (tr_neo_hittite_k)    [continuity]

Succeeding Entity: Add one more here.
900 BCE 695 BCE Phrygian Kingdom (tr_phrygian_k)    [continuity]


  General Description   During the 900-730 BCE period the region of the Konya Plain was occupied by small independent states, that likely first evolved during the Neo-Hittite period. After the Assyrian invasion they became tribute-sending states to the Mesopotamian Empire but were otherwise "free to rule their states in whatever manner they wished, without interference from the Assyrian king". [1]
Known as the kingdoms of ’Tabal’, the term an Assyrian administrative designation rather than a political one [2] [2] , there were, according to Assyrian records, 24 of them in the mid-9th century BCE. This number had reduced by the middle of the 8th century, which suggests that the states conquered each other or had otherwise joined together to become larger kingdoms. [3] Assyrian king Tiglath-pileser III in the mid-late 8th century listed five tributaries he possessed in Tabal: Tabal, Atuna, Tuhana, Ishtu(a)nda, and Hupishna. [4] Bryce (2012) adds a sixth kingdom to Tabal, Shinuhtu, which is "attested both in Luwian and Assyrian inscriptions dating to the reign of Sargon II. Shinuhtu’s ruler at that time was a man called Kiyakiya (Assyrian Kiakki)." [4]
The best-known Tabalean principality was Tuhana. Its capital was at the city later known as Tyana whose ruins lie in the modern Turkish village of Kemerhisar; here a stela of king Warpalawas was found in 1860. [5]

[1]: (Bryce 2012, 243) T Bryce. 2012. The World of The Neo-Hittite Kingdoms: A Political and Military History. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

[2]: Competition, and Conflict in a Contested Periphery." in Richardson, Seth. ed. 2010. Rebellions and Peripheries in the Mesopotamian World. American Oriental Series 91. Eisenbrauns. Winona Lake.

[3]: (Bryce 2002, 43) T Bryce. 2002. Life and Society in the Hittite World. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

[4]: (Bryce 2012, 141) T Bryce. 2012. The World of The Neo-Hittite Kingdoms: A Political and Military History. Oxford University Press. Oxford.

[5]: (Radner 2013) Karen Radner. 2013. Tabal and Phrygia: problem neighbours in the West. Assyrian empire builders. University College London http://www.ucl.ac.uk/sargon/essentials/countries/tabalandphrygia/

General Variables
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
Language
Religion
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequences Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k) was in:
 (900 BCE 837 BCE)   Konya Plain
Home NGA: Konya Plain
General Variables
Identity and Location Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Original Name Tabal Kingdoms Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Capital Artulu Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Capital Tyana Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Temporal Bounds Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Duration [900 BCE ➜ 730 BCE] Confident
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Political and Cultural Relations Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Suprapolity Relations nominal allegiance to [---] Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Suprapolity Relations alliance with [---] Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Supracultural Entity Neo-Hittite Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Succeeding Entity Assyrian Empire Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Relationship to Preceding Entity continuity Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Succeeding Entity
900 BCE 695 BCE
Phrygian Kingdom (tr_phrygian_k)   [continuity]  Confident
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Preceding Entity
1180 BCE 900 BCE
Neo-Hittite Kingdoms (tr_neo_hittite_k)   [continuity]  Confident
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Degree of Centralization quasi-polity Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Language Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Linguistic Family Indo-European Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Language Luwian Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Religion Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Population of the Largest Settlement - Undecided 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Polity Territory [4,000 to 6,000] km2 Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Hierarchical Complexity Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Settlement Hierarchy 3 Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Military Level [3 to 4] Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Administrative Level [3 to 4] Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Professions Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Professional Soldier Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Professional Military Officer Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Bureaucracy Characteristics Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Government Building Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Full Time Bureaucrat Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Examination System Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Law Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Buildings: polity owned Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Transport Infrastructure Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Special-purpose Sites Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Mines or Quarry Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Information / Writing System Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Written Record Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Script Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Practical Literature Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Lists Tables and Classification Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Information / Money Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Paper Currency Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Indigenous Coin Absent Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Foreign Coin Absent Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Article Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Information / Postal System Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Courier Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Information / Measurement System Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Wooden Palisade Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Stone Walls Non Mortared Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Stone Walls Mortared Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Settlements in a Defensive Position Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Modern Fortification Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Moat Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Fortified Camp Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Earth Rampart Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Ditch Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Complex Fortification Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Long Wall unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Military use of Metals Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Steel Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Iron Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Copper Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Bronze Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Projectiles Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Tension Siege Engine Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Sling Siege Engine Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Sling Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Self Bow Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Javelin Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Handheld Firearm Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Gunpowder Siege Artillery Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Crossbow Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Composite Bow Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Atlatl Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Handheld weapons Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
War Club Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Sword Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Spear Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Polearm Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Dagger Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Battle Axe Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Animals used in warfare Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Horse Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Elephant Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Donkey Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Dog Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Camel Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Armor Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Wood Bark Etc Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Shield Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Scaled Armor Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Plate Armor Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Limb Protection Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Leather Cloth Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Laminar Armor Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Helmet Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Chainmail Absent Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Breastplate Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Naval technology Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Military Vessel Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Small Vessels Canoes Etc Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Merchant Ships Pressed Into Service Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad Absent Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary Absent Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners Unknown Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife Absent Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers Present Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain Absent Inferred 900 BCE  730 BCE
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Human Sacrifice Tabal Kingdoms (tr_tabal_k)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Crisis Cases
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Instability Data
Power Transitions
View all Power Transitions