Home Region:  East Africa (Africa)

Ifat Sultanate

1280 CE 1375 CE
D G SC RG New EA  so_ifat_sultanate
Preceding Entity: Add one more here.
[cultural assimilation; Sultanate of Shoa] [absorption]   Update here

Succeeding Entity: Add one more here.
1375 CE 1543 CE Adal Sultanate (so_adal_sultanate)    [elite replacement]


  General Description   The Ifat Sultanate was one of the earliest Sultanates to be established in the Shoan region of present-day Ethiopia. The Sultanate was founded by Umar Walasma in 1280. The subsequent leaders of this sultanate were thus part of the Walasma Dynasty [1] The Ifat Sultanate became one of the most powerful kingdoms in the region as it took control over the Shoa Sultanate in 1285. [2] The capital of the Ifat Sultanate was also called Ifat which was located in the Shoan plateau situated to the Awadi River (a tributary of the larger Awash River). [3] The Ifat Sultanate was prosperous due to extensive caravan routes and the important port city of Zeila on the Gulf of Aden.
By the early fourteenth century, the Ethiopian Christian king Amda Siyon launched attackts into Muslim territory coming into conflict with the Ifat Sultanate. By 1329, Ifat was defeated by Amda Siyon’s army and was controlled by the Christian King. The Ifat Sultanate was still maintained for a period under the suzerainty of the Ethiopian Christian kingdom with the Walasma rulers continuing to lead the sultanate.
In the late fourteenth century, the Ifat leader Haqadin II lead a revolt again the Christian Ethiopian Kingdom and declared Ifat’s independence. Haqadin moved his capital to the Adal region in 1374/5. While the Walasma Dynasty carried on, the Ifat Sultanate became eclipsed by the new Adal Sultanate. [1]

[1]: (Hassen 2016, Encyclopedia of Empire) Hassen, Mohammed, 2016. ‘Ifat Sultanate.’ In J. Mackenzie Encyclopedia of Empire. Wiley. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/FXDQBFFT/library

[2]: (Tamrat 2008, 140) Tamrat, Taddesse. 2008. ‘Ethiopia, the Red Sea and the Horn’ In the Cambridge History of Africa: c. 1050 – c.1600 vol. 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp 98-182. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/search/Tamrat/titleCreatorYear/items/A68FCWWI/item-list

[3]: (Fauvelle et al. 2017, 239-295) Fauvelle, François-Xavier et al. 2007. “The Sultanate of Awfāt, its Capital and the Necropolis of the Walasma”, Annales Islamologiques. Vol. 51. Pp 239-295. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/HJCMAMX7/library

General Variables
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
Language
Religion
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequences Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate) was in:
Home NGA: None
General Variables
Identity and Location Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Utm Zone 39 N Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Original Name Ifat Sultanate Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Capital Ifat Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Alternative Name Awfāt Sultanate Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Alternative Name Wafat Sultanate Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Temporal Bounds Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Duration [1280 CE ➜ 1375 CE] Confident
Loading...
Political and Cultural Relations Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Suprapolity Relations none Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Succeeding Entity Adal Sultanate Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Relationship to Preceding Entity cultural assimilation Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Preceding Entity
CE
cultural assimilation; Sultanate of Shoa [absorption]    Update here
Confident
Loading...
Succeeding Entity
1375 CE 1543 CE
Adal Sultanate (so_adal_sultanate)   [elite replacement]  Confident
Loading...
Language Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Linguistic Family Afro-Asiatic Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Language Argobba Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Language Arabic Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Language Harari Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Religion Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Religious Tradition Islam Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Religion Family Sunni Islam Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Hierarchical Complexity Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Settlement Hierarchy [3 to 4] Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Professions Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Bureaucracy Characteristics Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Law Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Judge Present Inferred 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Present Inferred 1280 CE  1375 CE
Court Present Inferred 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Specialized Buildings: polity owned Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Market Present Inferred 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Drinking Water Supply System Present Inferred 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Communal Building Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Utilitarian Public Building Present Inferred 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Transport Infrastructure Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Road Present Inferred 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Port Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Special-purpose Sites Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Trading Emporia Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Special Purpose Site Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Ceremonial Site Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Burial Site Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Information / Writing System Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Written Record Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Script Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Phonetic Alphabetic Writing Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Information / Kinds of Written Documents Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Sacred Text Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Religious Literature Present Inferred 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
History Present Inferred 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Calendar Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Information / Money Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Token Present Inferred 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Foreign Coin Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Article Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Information / Postal System Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Measurement System Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Weight Measurement System Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Volume Measurement System Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Time Measurement System Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Other Measurement System Present Inferred 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Length Measurement System Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Military use of Metals Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Projectiles Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Handheld weapons Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Animals used in warfare Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Armor Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Naval technology Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Moralizing Enforcement in This Life Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Moralizing Enforcement is Certain Present Confident 1280 CE  1375 CE
Loading...
Human Sacrifice Ifat Sultanate (so_ifat_sultanate)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Crisis Cases
View all Crisis Cases
Instability Data
Power Transitions
View all Power Transitions