Home Region: East Africa (Africa)

Kingdom of Gumma

1800 CE 1897 CE

D G SC R

New EA et_gumma_k

Preceding Entity:

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Succeeding Entity:

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General Description

The Kingdom of Gumma was one of the five Oromo kingdoms located in Western Ethiopia. The Kingdom of Gumma originated in the early nineteenth century CE and had its capital located in Chora. ^[1] Like its neighbouring Oromo kingdoms, the Kingdom of Gumma seemed to be politically and administratively similar to the Kingdom of Jimma. ^[2] The Kingdom of Gumma was an Islamic kingdom and was particularly active in Jihadis movements in the second half of the nineteenth century. ^[3] The Kingdom of Gumma was eventually annexed into the Ethiopian Empire by Menelik II at the turn of the twentieth century. ^[4]

[1]: (Recluse 1892, 212) Recluse, Elisee. 1892. The Earth and Its Inhabitance: North-East Africa. Edited by A.H. Keane. New York: D. Appleton and Company. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/items/ISD6B4K2/collection

[2]: (Lewis 2001, 124-125) Lewis, Herbert S. 2001. Jimma Abba Jifar, an Oromo Monarchy: Ethiopia, 1830-1932. Lawrenceville, New Jersey: The Red Sea Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/items/NRZVWSCD/collection

[3]: (Hassen 1992, 96) Hassen, Mohammed. ‘Islam as a Resistance Ideology Among the Oromo of Ethiopia.’ In In The Shadow of Conquest: Islam in Colonial Northeast Africa. Trenton, New Jersey: The Red Sea Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/search/Hassen/titleCreatorYear/items/PJ3UMMX5/item-list

[4]: (Trimingham 2013, 200) Trimingham, Spencer. 2013. Islam in Ethiopia. London: Routledge. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/search/Trimingham/titleCreatorYear/items/RB7C87QZ/item-list

General Variables

Identity and Location

1 Utm Zone

1 Original Name

1 Capital

1 Alternative Name

Temporal Bounds

1 Duration

Political and Cultural Relations

1 Succeeding Entity

Language

1 Linguistic Family

1 Language

Religion

1 Religious Tradition

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale

Hierarchical Complexity

1 Military Level

1 Administrative Level

Professions

Bureaucracy Characteristics

Law

Specialized Buildings: polity owned

1 Market

1 Communal Building

1 Utilitarian Public Building

Transport Infrastructure

1 Road

Special-purpose Sites

1 Trading Emporia

1 Special Purpose Site

Information / Writing System

1 Written Record

1 Script

Information / Kinds of Written Documents

1 Sacred Text

1 Religious Literature

1 Calendar

Information / Money

1 Foreign Coin

1 Article

Information / Postal System

Information / Measurement System

1 Weight Measurement System

1 Volume Measurement System

1 Time Measurement System

1 Length Measurement System

1 Area Measurement System

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications

Military use of Metals

Projectiles

Handheld weapons

Animals used in warfare

Armor

Naval technology

Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.

Religion Variables Coding in Progress.

Crisis Consequence Cases Coding in Progress.

Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

Instability Events

7 Instability Event

General Variables

Identity and Location Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Utm Zone	37 N	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Original Name	Kingdom of Gumma	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Capital	Chora	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Alternative Name	Kingdom of Guma	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Temporal Bounds Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More
Duration	[1800 CE ➜ 1897 CE]
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Political and Cultural Relations Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Succeeding Entity	Ethiopian Empire	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Language Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Linguistic Family	Afro-Asiatic	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Language	Oromo	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Religion Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Religious Tradition	Islam	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Hierarchical Complexity Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Military Level	5	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Administrative Level	[7 to 12]	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Professions Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Bureaucracy Characteristics Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Law Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Specialized Buildings: polity owned Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Market	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Communal Building	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Utilitarian Public Building	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Road	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Special-purpose Sites Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Trading Emporia	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Special Purpose Site	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Information / Writing System Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Written Record	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Script	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Sacred Text	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Religious Literature	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Calendar	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Information / Money Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Foreign Coin	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Article	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Information / Postal System Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Information / Measurement System Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Weight Measurement System	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Volume Measurement System	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Time Measurement System	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Length Measurement System	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Area Measurement System	Present Inferred	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Military use of Metals Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Projectiles Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Handheld weapons Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Animals used in warfare Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Armor Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Naval technology Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)

Religion Variables

Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain	Present	1800 CE 1897 CE
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Human Sacrifice Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More