General Description The Kingdom of Gumma was one of the five Oromo kingdoms located in Western Ethiopia. The Kingdom of Gumma originated in the early nineteenth century CE and had its capital located in Chora. [1] Like its neighbouring Oromo kingdoms, the Kingdom of Gumma seemed to be politically and administratively similar to the Kingdom of Jimma. [2] The Kingdom of Gumma was an Islamic kingdom and was particularly active in Jihadis movements in the second half of the nineteenth century. [3] The Kingdom of Gumma was eventually annexed into the Ethiopian Empire by Menelik II at the turn of the twentieth century. [4]
[1]: (Recluse 1892, 212) Recluse, Elisee. 1892. The Earth and Its Inhabitance: North-East Africa. Edited by A.H. Keane. New York: D. Appleton and Company. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/items/ISD6B4K2/collection
[2]: (Lewis 2001, 124-125) Lewis, Herbert S. 2001. Jimma Abba Jifar, an Oromo Monarchy: Ethiopia, 1830-1932. Lawrenceville, New Jersey: The Red Sea Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/items/NRZVWSCD/collection
[3]: (Hassen 1992, 96) Hassen, Mohammed. ‘Islam as a Resistance Ideology Among the Oromo of Ethiopia.’ In In The Shadow of Conquest: Islam in Colonial Northeast Africa. Trenton, New Jersey: The Red Sea Press. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/search/Hassen/titleCreatorYear/items/PJ3UMMX5/item-list
[4]: (Trimingham 2013, 200) Trimingham, Spencer. 2013. Islam in Ethiopia. London: Routledge. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/collections/GWWIKDDM/search/Trimingham/titleCreatorYear/items/RB7C87QZ/item-list
| Year Range | Kingdom of Gumma (et_gumma_k) was in: |
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Duration | [1800 CE ➜ 1897 CE] | Confident | |||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Succeeding Entity | Ethiopian Empire | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Religious Tradition | Islam | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Road | Present | Inferred | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Written Record | Present | Inferred | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Script | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Sacred Text | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Religious Literature | Present | Inferred | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Calendar | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Foreign Coin | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Article | Present | Inferred | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Weight Measurement System | Present | Inferred | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Volume Measurement System | Present | Inferred | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Time Measurement System | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Length Measurement System | Present | Inferred | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Area Measurement System | Present | Inferred | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More |
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| Variable | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | See More | |||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Broad | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement in This Life | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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| Moralizing Enforcement is Certain | Present | Confident | 1800 CE 1897 CE | ||||||||
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