Home Region: Southeastern Europe (Europe)

Postpalatial Crete

1300 BCE 1200 BCE

D G SC WF R

EQ 2020 gr_crete_post_palace_1 / GrCrPPa

Preceding Entity: Add one more here.

1450 BCE 1300 BCE Monopalatial Crete (gr_crete_mono_palace) [None]

Succeeding Entity: Add one more here.

1200 BCE 1000 BCE Final Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_2) [None]

General Description

At the end of the Late Minoan IIIA2 period, the destruction of the "palace" at Knossos, the oldest monumental building compound of the island, marked the end of a political authority which had controlled most of Crete during the Late Minoan II and Late Minoan IIIA periods. Regional centers, once secondary capitals under the Knossian control, subsequently regained a degree of independence. Regional elites exerted their authorities over the land by adopting social instruments and ideological strategies which turned out to be very similar to those used by the previous Knossian power, possibly including the use of Linear B script for bureaucratic purposes. ^[1] Things changed in the eleventh century, with the fall of the great Eastern Mediterranean powers and a resulting period of instability in both the region generally and the island specifically. ^[2]
Population and political organization
Firth estimated the Cretan population during Late Minoan IIIA and IIIB periods (1400-1200 BCE) at 110,000 people ^[3] As for political organization, the supreme leader of the state was the king (wanax), presided over the political, economic and religious hierarchy, though possibly lacked military and judicial authority ^[4]

[1]: (Borgna 2003, 153-183) Elisabetta Borgna. 2003. ’Regional settlement patterns in Crete at the end of LBA’. SMEA 45: 153-83.

[2]: (Hallager 2010, 157-158) Erik Hallager. 2010. ’Crete’ in The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean, edited by E.H. Cline. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

[3]: (Firth 1995, 33-55) R. Firth. 1995. ’Estimating the population of Crete during LM IIIA/B’. Minos 29-30: 33-55.

[4]: (Shelmerdine and Bennet 2008, 292-295) C.W. Shelmerdine and J. Bennet. 2008. ’Mycenaean states. Economy and administration,’ in The Cambridge Companion to the Aegean Bronze Age, edited by C.W. Shelmerdine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

General Variables

Identity and Location

1 Utm Zone

1 Original Name

1 Capital

2 Alternative Name

Temporal Bounds

1 Peak Years

1 Duration

Political and Cultural Relations

1 Suprapolity Relations

1 Supracultural Entity

1 Succeeding Entity

2 Polity Succession

1 Degree of Centralization

Language

1 Linguistic Family

2 Language

Religion

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale

1 Population of the Largest Settlement

1 Polity Territory

1 Polity Population

Hierarchical Complexity

1 Settlement Hierarchy

1 Religious Level

1 Military Level

1 Administrative Level

Professions

1 Professional Priesthood

1 Professional Military Officer

Bureaucracy Characteristics

1 Specialized Government Building

1 Full Time Bureaucrat

Law

1 Professional Lawyer

1 Judge

1 Formal Legal Code

1 Court

Specialized Buildings: polity owned

1 Market

1 Food Storage Site

1 Drinking Water Supply System

Transport Infrastructure

1 Road

1 Port

1 Canal

1 Bridge

Special-purpose Sites

1 Mines or Quarry

Information / Writing System

1 Written Record

1 Script

1 Phonetic Alphabetic Writing

1 Nonwritten Record

Information / Kinds of Written Documents

1 Scientific Literature

1 Sacred Text

1 Religious Literature

1 Practical Literature

1 Philosophy

1 Lists Tables and Classification

1 History

1 Fiction

1 Calendar

Information / Money

1 Token

1 Precious Metal

1 Paper Currency

1 Indigenous Coin

1 Foreign Coin

1 Article

Information / Postal System

1 Postal Station

1 General Postal Service

1 Courier

Information / Measurement System

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications

1 Modern Fortification

1 Fortified Camp

1 Complex Fortification

1 Long Wall

Military use of Metals

1 Steel

1 Iron

1 Copper

1 Bronze

Projectiles

1 Tension Siege Engine

1 Sling Siege Engine

1 Sling

1 Self Bow

1 Javelin

1 Handheld Firearm

1 Gunpowder Siege Artillery

1 Crossbow

1 Composite Bow

1 Atlatl

Handheld weapons

1 War Club

1 Sword

1 Spear

1 Polearm

1 Dagger

Animals used in warfare

1 Horse

1 Elephant

1 Camel

Armor

1 Shield

1 Scaled Armor

1 Plate Armor

1 Limb Protection

1 Leather Cloth

1 Laminar Armor

1 Helmet

1 Chainmail

1 Breastplate

Naval technology

1 Specialized Military Vessel

1 Small Vessels Canoes Etc

Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.

Religion Variables Coding in Progress.

Crisis Consequence Cases Coding in Progress.

Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

Instability Events Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range	Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1) was in:
(1300 BCE 1201 BCE)	Crete

Home NGA: Crete

General Variables

Identity and Location Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Utm Zone	35 S	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Original Name	Postpalatial Crete	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Capital	None (Absent Capital)	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Alternative Name	Mycenaean Crete	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Alternative Name	Creto-Mycenaean Crete	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Temporal Bounds Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More
Peak Years	[1300 BCE ➜ 1200 BCE]
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Duration	[1300 BCE ➜ 1200 BCE]
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Political and Cultural Relations Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Suprapolity Relations	unknown [---] Suspected	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Supracultural Entity	Cretan Broze Age Civilization	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Succeeding Entity	Final Postpalatial Crete	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Preceding Entity 1450 BCE 1300 BCE	Monopalatial Crete (gr_crete_mono_palace) [None]
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Succeeding Entity 1200 BCE 1000 BCE	Final Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_2) [None]
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Degree of Centralization	quasi-polity	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Language Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Linguistic Family	Indo-European	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Language	Minoan	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Language	Early Greek	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Religion Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Population of the Largest Settlement	1,000 people	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Polity Territory	- Suspected	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Polity Population	- Suspected	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Hierarchical Complexity Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Settlement Hierarchy	4	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Religious Level	- Suspected	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Military Level	- Suspected	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Administrative Level	4	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Professions Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Professional Priesthood	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Professional Military Officer	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Bureaucracy Characteristics Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Specialized Government Building	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Full Time Bureaucrat	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Law Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Professional Lawyer	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Judge	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Formal Legal Code	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Court	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Specialized Buildings: polity owned Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Market	Present Inferred	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Food Storage Site	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Drinking Water Supply System	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Transport Infrastructure Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Road	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Port	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Canal	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Bridge	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Special-purpose Sites Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Mines or Quarry	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Information / Writing System Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Written Record	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Script	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Nonwritten Record	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Scientific Literature	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Sacred Text	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Religious Literature	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Practical Literature	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Philosophy	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Lists Tables and Classification	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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History	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Fiction	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Calendar	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Information / Money Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Token	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Precious Metal	Unknown Suspected	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Paper Currency	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Indigenous Coin	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Foreign Coin	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Article	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Information / Postal System Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Postal Station	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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General Postal Service	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Courier	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Information / Measurement System Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More

Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)

Fortifications Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Modern Fortification	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Fortified Camp	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Complex Fortification	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Long Wall	absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Military use of Metals Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Steel	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Iron	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Copper	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Bronze	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Projectiles Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Tension Siege Engine	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Sling Siege Engine	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Sling	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Self Bow	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Javelin	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Handheld Firearm	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Gunpowder Siege Artillery	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Crossbow	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Composite Bow	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Atlatl	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Handheld weapons Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
War Club	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Sword	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Spear	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Polearm	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Dagger	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Animals used in warfare Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Horse	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Elephant	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Camel	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Armor Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Shield	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Scaled Armor	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Plate Armor	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Limb Protection	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Leather Cloth	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Laminar Armor	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Helmet	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Chainmail	Absent	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Breastplate	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Naval technology Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Specialized Military Vessel	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Small Vessels Canoes Etc	Present	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)

Religion Variables

Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad	Absent Inferred	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic	Present Inferred	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life	Present Inferred	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward	Present Inferred	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners	Present Inferred	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted	Present Inferred	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites	Present Inferred	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers	Present Inferred	1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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Human Sacrifice Postpalatial Crete (gr_crete_post_palace_1)

Variable	Coded Value / Certainty Tags	Year(s)	See More