Home Region:  Maritime Southeast Asia (Southeast Asia)

Kalingga Kingdom

500 CE 732 CE
D G SC WF
EQ 2020  id_kalingga_k / IdKalin
Preceding Entity: Add one more here.
400 BCE 500 CE Java - Buni Culture (id_buni)    [None]

Succeeding Entity: Add one more here.
732 CE 1019 CE Medang Kingdom (id_medang_k)    [continuity]


  General Description  
Kalingga, or Ho-ling, is a rather enigmatic polity that seems to be mostly known through contemporary Chinese documents. According to these annals, Kalingga was one of two Javanese coastal centres that interacted with the T’ang court in the fifth century CE, the other one being Ho-lo-tan, in the Tarum basin. [1] A North Indian Buddhist monk named Gunavarman wrote about his visit to Kalingga in 422, and we know that the polity sent envoys to China in 430, 440, and in the 640s and 660s. [1] [2] According to Chinese records, by the seventh century, Kalingga had expanded inland, and counted twenty-eight small polities as its allies. [3]
Population and political organization
Kalingga was likely a monarchy, [2] but overall the sources are silent on the exact details of its political organization. Similarly, no population estimates could be found in the specialist literature.

[1]: (Tarling 1993, 203)

[2]: (Hall 2011, 106)

[3]: (Hall 2011, 122)

General Variables
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
Language
Religion
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequence Cases Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions Coding in Progress.
Instability Events Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k) was in:
 (500 CE 731 CE) Central Java
Home NGA: Central Java
General Variables
Identity and Location Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Utm Zone 49 M 500 CE  732 CE
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Original Name Kalingga Kingdom 500 CE  732 CE
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Alternative Name 500 CE  732 CE
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Temporal Bounds Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Duration [500 CE ➜ 732 CE]
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Political and Cultural Relations Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Suprapolity Relations 500 CE  732 CE
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Succeeding Entity Medang Kingdom 500 CE  732 CE
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Preceding Entity
400 BCE 500 CE
Java - Buni Culture (id_buni)   [None] 
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Succeeding Entity
732 CE 1019 CE
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Degree of Centralization 500 CE  732 CE
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Language Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Linguistic Family Indo-European 500 CE  732 CE
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Language 500 CE  732 CE
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Religion Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Religion Genus Ancient Javanese Religions 500 CE  732 CE
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Alternate Religion Uncoded Undecided 500 CE  732 CE
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Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Population of the Largest Settlement 500 CE  732 CE
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Hierarchical Complexity Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Settlement Hierarchy 500 CE  732 CE
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Religious Level 500 CE  732 CE
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Administrative Level 500 CE  732 CE
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Professions Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Professional Priesthood 500 CE  732 CE
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Source Of Support 500 CE  732 CE
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Bureaucracy Characteristics Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Government Building 500 CE  732 CE
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Merit Promotion 500 CE  732 CE
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Examination System 500 CE  732 CE
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Law Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Professional Lawyer 500 CE  732 CE
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Judge 500 CE  732 CE
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500 CE  732 CE
Court 500 CE  732 CE
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Specialized Buildings: polity owned Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Market 500 CE  732 CE
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Irrigation System 500 CE  732 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Port 500 CE  732 CE
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Special-purpose Sites Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Writing System Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Written Record 500 CE  732 CE
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Script 500 CE  732 CE
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing 500 CE  732 CE
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Non Phonetic Writing Absent 500 CE  732 CE
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Mnemonic Device 500 CE  732 CE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Scientific Literature 500 CE  732 CE
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Sacred Text 500 CE  732 CE
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Religious Literature 500 CE  732 CE
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Practical Literature 500 CE  732 CE
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Philosophy 500 CE  732 CE
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History 500 CE  732 CE
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Fiction 500 CE  732 CE
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Information / Money Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Paper Currency Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Indigenous Coin 500 CE 699 CE
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Indigenous Coin 700 CE 732 CE
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Indigenous Coin 700 CE 732 CE
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Article 500 CE  732 CE
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Information / Postal System Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Measurement System Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Weight Measurement System 500 CE  732 CE
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Volume Measurement System 500 CE  732 CE
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Time Measurement System 500 CE  732 CE
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Length Measurement System 500 CE  732 CE
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Geometrical Measurement System 500 CE  732 CE
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Area Measurement System 500 CE  732 CE
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Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Wooden Palisade 500 CE  732 CE
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Stone Walls Non Mortared 500 CE  732 CE
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Stone Walls Mortared 500 CE  732 CE
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Settlements in a Defensive Position 500 CE  732 CE
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Modern Fortification Absent 500 CE  732 CE
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Moat 500 CE  732 CE
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Fortified Camp Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Earth Rampart 500 CE  732 CE
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Ditch 500 CE  732 CE
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Complex Fortification Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Military use of Metals Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Steel 500 CE  732 CE
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Iron 500 CE  732 CE
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Copper 500 CE  732 CE
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Bronze 500 CE  732 CE
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Projectiles Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Tension Siege Engine 500 CE  732 CE
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Sling Siege Engine 500 CE  732 CE
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Sling Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Self Bow 500 CE  732 CE
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Javelin Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Handheld Firearm Absent 500 CE  732 CE
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Gunpowder Siege Artillery Absent 500 CE  732 CE
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Crossbow Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Composite Bow 500 CE  732 CE
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Atlatl Absent 500 CE  732 CE
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Handheld weapons Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
War Club 500 CE  732 CE
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Sword 500 CE  732 CE
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Spear 500 CE  732 CE
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Polearm Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Dagger 500 CE  732 CE
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Battle Axe 500 CE  732 CE
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Animals used in warfare Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Horse 500 CE  732 CE
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Elephant 500 CE  732 CE
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Donkey 500 CE  732 CE
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Dog Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Camel Absent 500 CE  732 CE
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Armor Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Wood Bark Etc 500 CE  732 CE
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Shield 500 CE  732 CE
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Scaled Armor Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Plate Armor Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Limb Protection 500 CE  732 CE
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Leather Cloth 500 CE  732 CE
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Laminar Armor Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Helmet 500 CE  732 CE
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Chainmail Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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Breastplate 500 CE  732 CE
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Naval technology Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Human Sacrifice Kalingga Kingdom (id_kalingga_k)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Crisis Cases
View all Crisis Cases
Instability Data
Power Transitions
View all Power Transitions