Home Region: Maritime Southeast Asia (Southeast Asia)

Kediri Kingdom

1049 CE 1222 CE

D G SC WF RG CC EQ 2020 id_kediri_k / IdKedir

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[continuity; Kahuripan Kingdom] [continuity] Update here

Succeeding Entity:

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Displayed: 1056 CE

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General Description The kingdom of Kediri ruled over a territory roughly corresponding to the modern-day province of East Java, at least based on the locations where its rulers’ inscriptions have been found. ^[1] Midway through the eleventh century CE, the Javanese monarch Airlangga split his realm into two smaller kingdoms, each to be ruled by one of his sons: one of these kingdoms was likely Kediri ^[2] . The latter rapidly overshadowed its "twin": it was the first Indonesian kingdom to develop stratified territorial administration, it became known for the organization of its armed forces, and it even introduced bureaucratic officials specifically tasked with the management of the polity’s water resources. ^[1] Kediri does not appear to have collapsed: rather, in the early thirteenth century, the cente of power shifted to Singhasari, with the foundation of a new dynasty. ^[3]
Population and political organization
Kediri was ruled by a king, who was assisted by bureaucratic officials. Moreover, as already mentioned, Kediri was the first known Indonesian state to develop stratified territorial administration: more specifically, the polity was organized into three levels, the village, the cluster of villages, and the state. ^[1] This suggests that there were officials in charge of administrating both village clusters and individual villages.
According to McEvedy and Jones, ^[4] Indonesia had a population of four million in 1100 CE. Given the fact that Kediri occupied a small portion of the archipelago, it seems reasonable to infer a population size of a few hundred thousands.

[1]: (Sedwayati in Ooi 2004 (b), 707)

[2]: (Sedyawati in Ooi 2004 (a), 134)

[3]: (Sedwayati in Ooi 2004 (c), 1208)

[4]: (McEvedy and Jones 1978, 196-201) McEvedy, Colin. Jones, Richard. 1978. Atlas of World Population History. Penguin Books Ltd. London.

General Variables

Identity and Location

Utm Zone

49 M

Original Name

Kediri Kingdom

Capital

Kediri

Alternative Name

Pangjalu
Kadiri

Temporal Bounds

Duration

[1049 CE ➜ 1222 CE]

Political and Cultural Relations

Succeeding Entity

Singhasari Kingdom

Relationship to preceding Entity

continuity

Polity Succession

UNCLEAR: [continuity]

Degree of Centralization

nominal

Language

Linguistic Family

Indo-European
Austronesian

Language

Sanskrit
Old Javanese

Religion

Social Complexity Variables

Social Scale

Polity Territory

[50,000 to 70,000] km²

Polity Population

[200,000 to 300,000] people	1100 CE
[250,000 to 350,000] people	1200 CE

Hierarchical Complexity

Settlement Hierarchy

Religious Level

Military Level

Administrative Level

[4 to 5]

Professions

Professional Soldier

inferred Present

Professional Priesthood

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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Utm Zone	49 M	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Original Name	Kediri Kingdom	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Capital	Kediri	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Alternative Name	Pangjalu	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Alternative Name	Kadiri	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Professional Soldier	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Professional Priesthood	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Professional Military Officer	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Merit Promotion	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Full Time Bureaucrat	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Professional Lawyer	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Judge	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Formal Legal Code	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Court	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Market	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Irrigation System	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Food Storage Site	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Drinking Water Supply System	Absent	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Knowledge Or Information Building	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Entertainment Building	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Road	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Canal	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Bridge	-	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Written Record	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Script	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Nonwritten Record	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Non Phonetic Writing	Absent	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Scientific Literature	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Religious Literature	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Philosophy	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Lists Tables and Classification	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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History	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Fiction	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Calendar	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Token	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Precious Metal	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Indigenous Coin	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Foreign Coin	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Article	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Debt And Credit Structure	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Postal Station	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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General Postal Service	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Geometrical Measurement System	Uncoded	Undecided	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Wooden Palisade	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Stone Walls Non Mortared	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Stone Walls Mortared	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Settlements in a Defensive Position	Absent	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Modern Fortification	Absent	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Moat	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Fortified Camp	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Earth Rampart	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Ditch	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Complex Fortification	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Steel	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Iron	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Copper	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Bronze	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Tension Siege Engine	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Sling Siege Engine	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Sling	Absent	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Self Bow	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Javelin	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Handheld Firearm	Absent	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Gunpowder Siege Artillery	Absent	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Crossbow	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Composite Bow	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Atlatl	Absent	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
War Club	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Sword	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Spear	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Polearm	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Dagger	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Battle Axe	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Horse	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Elephant	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Donkey	Absent	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Dog	Absent	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Camel	Absent	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Wood Bark Etc	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Shield	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Scaled Armor	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Plate Armor	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Limb Protection	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Leather Cloth	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Laminar Armor	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Helmet	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Chainmail	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Breastplate	Unknown	Suspected	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Specialized Military Vessel	Present	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Small Vessels Canoes Etc	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Kediri Kingdom

Displayed: 1056 CE

NGA Settlements:

Home NGA: Central Java

Variable	Coded Value	Tags	Year(s)
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life	Absent	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers	Present	Confident	1049 CE 1222 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain	Absent	Inferred	1049 CE 1222 CE
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