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Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period

1139 CE 1382 CE
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OTHER  pl_piast_dyn_2
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  General Description  
When Bolesław III Wrymouth died on 28 October 1138, he was aware of the potential for conflict among his sons and devised a testament aiming to prevent the fragmentation of the kingdom. His will, known as the Testament of Bolesław III Wrymouth [1] , divided Poland among his sons, granting them hereditary duchies while trying to maintain some level of unity under the senioral principle. This principle established that the eldest member of the dynasty, holding the Seniorate Province with Kraków as its capital, would have a primacy over the other dukes and the right to be called the High Duke of Poland. The "Senioral Principle" was soon broken, leading to a period of nearly 200 years of disintegration known as feudal fragmentation which divided the Polish state into several semi-independent principalities without a single ruler governed by various branches of the Piast dynasty. [2]
The reunification of Poland under Władysław I in 14th century marked the end of fragmentation. His son, Casimir III the Great (1333-1370) strengthened royal authority. Casimir’s reign, devoid of major external conflicts, allowed for significant internal development, including the founding of the University of Krakow in 1364, one of the oldest universities in Europe. [2]
The end of the Piast dynasty in 1370, with the death of Casimir III, led to the initiation of the Angevin and later Jagiellonian dynasties, under which Poland entered into a union with Lithuania. [1]

[1]: Norman Davies, God’s Playground: A History of Poland: In Two Volumes, Rev. ed. (Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press, 2005). Zotero link: LUJ3NYJU

[2]: Eduard Mühle, Die Piasten: Polen im Mittelalter, Bsr 2709 (München: Verlag C.H. Beck, 2011). Zotero link: EVZQ25XL

General Variables
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
Language
Religion
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequence Cases Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions
Instability Events
General Variables
Identity and Location Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Utm Zone 34 U 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Original Name Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Capital Kraków 1319 CE 1370 CE
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Alternative Name Królestwo Polskie 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Alternative Name Regnum Poloniae 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Temporal Bounds Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Peak Years
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Duration [1139 CE ➜ 1382 CE]
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Political and Cultural Relations Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Suprapolity Relations 1296 CE 1306 CE
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Suprapolity Relations 1370 CE 1382 CE
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Preceding Entity
963 CE 1138 CE
Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty (pl_piast_dyn_1)   [None] 
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Degree of Centralization 1139 CE 1320 CE
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Degree of Centralization 1320 CE 1370 CE
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Language Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Religion Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Religion Genus Christianity 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Religion Family Catholic 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Hierarchical Complexity Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Professions Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Bureaucracy Characteristics Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Law Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Buildings: polity owned Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Transport Infrastructure Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Special-purpose Sites Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Writing System Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Kinds of Written Documents Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Money Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Postal System Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Measurement System Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Military use of Metals Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Projectiles Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Handheld weapons Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Animals used in warfare Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Armor Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Naval technology Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners Present 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites Present 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain 1139 CE  1382 CE
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Human Sacrifice Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty Fragmented Period (pl_piast_dyn_2)
Variable Coded Value / Certainty Tags Year(s) See More
Crisis Cases
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Instability Data
Power Transitions
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