Home Region:  Arabia (Southwest Asia)

Yemen - Era of Warlords

1038 CE 1174 CE
D G SC WF R
EQ 2020  ye_warlords / YeWarLd
Preceding Entity: Add one more here.
822 CE 1037 CE Yemen Ziyad Dynasty (ye_ziyad_dyn)    [continuity]

Succeeding Entity:
No Polity found. Add one here.


  General Description   The Era of the Warlords was a quasi-polity that existed in Tihama coastal plains between 1067 and 1091 CE, primarily characterized by a two-power tension between the Najahid dynasty and the Sulayhid dynasty. The Najahid dynasty was founded by two former slaves of the predated Ziyadid dynasty, while the Sulyahids occupied the highlands until their ruler ‘Ali bin Mahdi brought a denouement to the Najahid power in the mid-12th century. [1] In 1086 CE, Mukarram of the Sulyahids instituted a new coinage called “Maliki Dinars.” [2] When the Najahid rulers were driven out into refuge, many plotted their return to take back their territory in Tihama, but were defeated at the end. [3]
No population estimates could be found in the consulted literature; however, the polity territory was estimated to be between 250,000 and 350,000 square kilometers. [4]
The settlement hierarchy was between three- and five-tiered with a capital followed by towns and villages. The administrative levels were between four and five, with the political organization headed by a king and queen and followed by court and provincial governments. [5]

[1]: (McLaughlin 2007, 159) Daniel McLaughlin. 2007. Yemen. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. Chalfont St Peter

[2]: (van Donzel 1994, 427) E J van Donzel. 1994. Islamic Desk Reference. BRILL. Leiden.

[3]: (Margariti 2013, 216) Roxani Margariti. An Ocean of Islamds: Islands, Insularity, and Historiography of the Indian Ocean. Peter N Miller ed. 2013. The Sea: Thalassography and Historiography. University of Michigan Press. Ann Arbor.

[4]: (Stookey 1978, 99) Robert W Stookey. 1978. Yemen: The Politics of the Yemen Arab Republic. Westview Press. Boulder.

[5]: (Stookey 1978, 65-74) Robert W Stookey. 1978. Yemen: The Politics of the Yemen Arab Republic. Westview Press. Boulder.

General Variables
Identity and Location
Temporal Bounds
Political and Cultural Relations
Language
Religion
Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale
Hierarchical Complexity
Professions
Bureaucracy Characteristics
Law
Specialized Buildings: polity owned
Transport Infrastructure
Special-purpose Sites
Information / Writing System
Information / Kinds of Written Documents
Information / Money
Information / Postal System
Information / Measurement System
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications
Military use of Metals
Projectiles
Handheld weapons
Animals used in warfare
Armor
Naval technology
Economy Variables (Luxury Goods) Coding in Progress.
Religion Variables Coding in Progress.
Crisis Consequences Coding in Progress.
Power Transitions Coding in Progress.

NGA Settlements:

Year Range Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords) was in:
 (1038 CE 1174 CE)   Yemeni Coastal Plain
Home NGA: Yemeni Coastal Plain
General Variables
Identity and Location Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Utm Zone 38 P Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Original Name Era of the War Lords Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Capital Sanaa Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Capital Dhu Jibla Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Temporal Bounds Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Peak Years [1067 CE ➜ 1091 CE] Confident
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Duration [1038 CE ➜ 1174 CE] Confident
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Political and Cultural Relations Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Suprapolity Relations nominal allegiance to [---] Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Succeeding Entity EgAyyub Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Relationship to Preceding Entity continuity Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Preceding Entity
822 CE 1037 CE
Yemen Ziyad Dynasty (ye_ziyad_dyn)   [continuity]  Confident
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Degree of Centralization uncoded Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Language Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
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Linguistic Family Afro-Asiatic Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Language Arabic Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Religion Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
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Religion Genus Ismaili Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Religion Family Shia Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Religion Islam Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Alternate Religion Uncoded Undecided 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Social Complexity Variables
Social Scale Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Polity Territory [250,000 to 350,000] km2 Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Hierarchical Complexity Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Settlement Hierarchy [3 to 5] Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Religious Level [3 to 4] Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Military Level - Undecided 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Administrative Level [4 to 5] Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Professions Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
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Professional Soldier Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Professional Priesthood Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Professional Military Officer Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Bureaucracy Characteristics Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Government Building Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Full Time Bureaucrat Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Law Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Judge Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
Specialized Buildings: polity owned Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
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Market Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Irrigation System Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Food Storage Site Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Transport Infrastructure Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Special-purpose Sites Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Information / Writing System Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Written Record Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Script Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Phonetic Alphabetic Writing Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Non Phonetic Writing Absent Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Information / Kinds of Written Documents Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Scientific Literature Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Sacred Text Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Religious Literature Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Practical Literature Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Lists Tables and Classification Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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History Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Fiction Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Calendar Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Information / Money Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Indigenous Coin Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Foreign Coin Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Article Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Information / Postal System Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
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Courier Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Information / Measurement System Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Warfare Variables (Military Technologies)
Fortifications Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Wooden Palisade Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Stone Walls Non Mortared Unknown Suspected 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Stone Walls Mortared Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Settlements in a Defensive Position Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Modern Fortification Absent Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moat Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Fortified Camp Unknown Suspected 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Earth Rampart Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Ditch Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Complex Fortification Unknown Suspected 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Long Wall unknown Suspected 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Military use of Metals Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Steel Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Iron Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Copper Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Bronze Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Projectiles Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Tension Siege Engine Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Sling Siege Engine Absent Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Sling Unknown Suspected 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Self Bow Unknown Suspected 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Javelin Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Handheld Firearm Absent Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Gunpowder Siege Artillery Absent Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Crossbow Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Composite Bow Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Atlatl Absent Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Handheld weapons Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
War Club Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Sword Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Spear Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Polearm Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Dagger Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Battle Axe Unknown Suspected 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Animals used in warfare Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Horse Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Elephant Absent Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Donkey Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Camel Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Armor Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Wood Bark Etc Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Shield Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Scaled Armor Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Plate Armor Absent Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Limb Protection Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Leather Cloth Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Laminar Armor Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Helmet Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Chainmail Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Breastplate Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Naval technology Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Specialized Military Vessel Unknown Suspected 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Small Vessels Canoes Etc Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Merchant Ships Pressed Into Service Present Inferred 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Economy Variables (Luxury Goods)
Religion Variables
Moralizing Supernatural Punishment and Reward Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Moralizing Enforcement is Broad Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Concern is Primary Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Agentic Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in This Life Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moralizing Supernatural Punishment And Reward Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Commoners Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Targeted Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement in Afterlife Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moralizing Religion Adopted by Elites Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement of Rulers Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Moralizing Enforcement is Certain Present Confident 1038 CE  1174 CE
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Human Sacrifice Yemen - Era of Warlords (ye_warlords)
Variable Coded Value Tags Year(s) See More
Crisis Cases
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Instability Data
Power Transitions
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