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Section
: Fortifications
Variable:
Ditch
(All coded records)
The absence or presence of ditch as a military technology used in warfare.
Ditch
#
Polity
Coded Value
Tags
Year(s)
Edit
Desc
1
Deccan - Neolithic
absent
Confident
2700
BCE
1701
BCE
Loading...
2
Deccan - Neolithic
unknown
Suspected
1700
BCE
1200
BCE
Loading...
3
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
present
Confident
1566
CE
1700
CE
Loading...
4
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
absent
Inferred
1701
CE
1713
CE
Loading...
5
Kamakura Shogunate
present
Confident
1185
CE
1333
CE
Loading...
6
Nara Kingdom
present
Confident
710
CE
794
CE
Loading...
7
Konya Plain - Early Neolithic
absent
Confident
9600
BCE
7000
BCE
Loading...
8
Cahokia - Sand Prairie
absent
Confident
1275
CE
1400
CE
Loading...
9
Konya Plain - Late Neolithic
absent
Confident
6600
BCE
6000
BCE
Loading...
10
Seleucids
present
Inferred
312
BCE
63
BCE
Loading...
11
Japan - Incipient Jomon
absent
Confident
13600
BCE
9200
BCE
Loading...
12
Kushan Empire
unknown
Suspected
35
CE
319
CE
Loading...
13
Tocharians
unknown
Suspected
129
BCE
29
CE
Loading...
14
Jin Dynasty
present
Confident
1115
CE
1234
CE
Loading...
15
Northern Song
unknown
Suspected
960
CE
1127
CE
Loading...
16
Peiligang
unknown
Suspected
7000
BCE
5001
BCE
Loading...
17
Badarian
absent
Confident
4400
BCE
3800
BCE
Loading...
18
Egypt - Dynasty I
present
Confident
Uncertain
3100
BCE
2900
BCE
Loading...
19
Egypt - Dynasty I
absent
Confident
Uncertain
3100
BCE
2900
BCE
Loading...
20
Egypt - Dynasty II
present
Confident
Uncertain
2900
BCE
2687
BCE
Loading...
21
Egypt - Dynasty II
absent
Confident
Uncertain
2900
BCE
2687
BCE
Loading...
22
Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period
unknown
Suspected
404
BCE
342
BCE
Loading...
23
Naqada I
absent
Inferred
3800
BCE
3550
BCE
Loading...
24
Naqada II
absent
Inferred
3550
BCE
3300
BCE
Loading...
25
Egypt - Dynasty 0
present
Confident
Uncertain
3300
BCE
3100
BCE
Loading...
26
Egypt - Dynasty 0
absent
Confident
Uncertain
3300
BCE
3100
BCE
Loading...
27
Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period
unknown
Suspected
1550
BCE
1293
BCE
Loading...
28
Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom
present
Confident
Uncertain
2650
BCE
2350
BCE
Loading...
29
Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom
absent
Confident
Uncertain
2650
BCE
2350
BCE
Loading...
30
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
present
Confident
Uncertain
2350
BCE
2150
BCE
Loading...
31
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
absent
Confident
Uncertain
2350
BCE
2150
BCE
Loading...
32
Egypt - Period of the Regions
present
Confident
Uncertain
2150
BCE
2016
BCE
Loading...
33
Egypt - Period of the Regions
absent
Confident
Uncertain
2150
BCE
2016
BCE
Loading...
34
Egypt - Saite Period
unknown
Suspected
664
BCE
525
BCE
Loading...
35
Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period
present
Inferred
1069
BCE
747
BCE
Loading...
36
Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period
present
Confident
868
CE
969
CE
Loading...
37
Axum I
unknown
Suspected
149
BCE
349
CE
Loading...
38
Chuuk - Early Truk
unknown
Suspected
1775
CE
1886
CE
Loading...
39
Chuuk - Late Truk
unknown
Suspected
1886
CE
1948
CE
Loading...
40
French Kingdom - Late Bourbon
present
Confident
1660
CE
1815
CE
Loading...
41
British Empire II
unknown
Suspected
1850
CE
1968
CE
Loading...
42
Akan - Pre-Ashanti
unknown
Suspected
1501
CE
1701
CE
Loading...
43
Archaic Crete
unknown
Suspected
710
BCE
500
BCE
Loading...
44
Classical Crete
unknown
Suspected
500
BCE
323
BCE
Loading...
45
The Emirate of Crete
present
Confident
824
CE
961
CE
Loading...
46
Geometric Crete
unknown
Suspected
1000
BCE
710
BCE
Loading...
47
Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial
unknown
Suspected
1841
CE
1987
CE
Loading...
48
Erligang
present
Inferred
1650
BCE
1250
BCE
Loading...
49
Erlitou
present
Inferred
1850
BCE
1600
BCE
Loading...
50
Jin
present
Inferred
780
BCE
404
BCE
Loading...
51
Great Ming
present
Confident
1368
CE
1644
CE
Loading...
52
Early Qing
present
Confident
1644
CE
1796
CE
Loading...
53
Tang Dynasty I
present
Confident
617
CE
763
CE
Loading...
54
Western Zhou
present
Confident
1122
BCE
771
BCE
Loading...
55
Great Yuan
present
Inferred
1271
CE
1368
CE
Loading...
56
Ayyubid Sultanate
present
Confident
1171
CE
1250
CE
Loading...
57
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I
present
Confident
1260
CE
1348
CE
Loading...
58
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
present
Confident
1412
CE
1517
CE
Loading...
59
Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period
present
Inferred
1293
BCE
1070
BCE
Loading...
60
Ptolemaic Kingdom I
unknown
Suspected
305
BCE
217
BCE
Loading...
61
French Kingdom - Early Bourbon
present
Inferred
1589
CE
1660
CE
Loading...
62
Hallstatt A-B1
unknown
Suspected
1000
BCE
900
BCE
Loading...
63
Hallstatt B2-3
unknown
Suspected
900
BCE
700
BCE
Loading...
64
Hallstatt C
present
Inferred
700
BCE
600
BCE
Loading...
65
Hallstatt D
present
Inferred
600
BCE
475
BCE
Loading...
66
La Tene A-B1
unknown
Suspected
475
BCE
325
BCE
Loading...
67
La Tene B2-C1
present
Confident
325
BCE
175
BCE
Loading...
68
French Kingdom - Late Valois
present
Inferred
1450
CE
1589
CE
Loading...
69
Ashanti Empire
absent
Inferred
1701
CE
1895
CE
Loading...
70
Iban - Pre-Brooke
unknown
Suspected
1650
CE
1841
CE
Loading...
71
Java - Buni Culture
unknown
Suspected
400
BCE
500
CE
Loading...
72
Mataram Sultanate
present
Confident
1568
CE
1755
CE
Loading...
73
Canaan
present
Confident
2000
BCE
1175
BCE
Loading...
74
Neolithic Middle Ganga
unknown
Suspected
7000
BCE
3001
BCE
Loading...
75
Early A'chik
absent
Confident
1775
CE
1867
CE
Loading...
76
Late A'chik
absent
Confident
1867
CE
1956
CE
Loading...
77
Gahadavala Dynasty
unknown
Suspected
1085
CE
1193
CE
Loading...
78
Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty
unknown
Suspected
730
CE
1030
CE
Loading...
79
Kadamba Empire
unknown
Suspected
345
CE
550
CE
Loading...
80
Kannauj - Varman Dynasty
unknown
Suspected
650
CE
780
CE
Loading...
81
Magadha
unknown
Suspected
450
CE
605
CE
Loading...
82
Vijayanagara Empire
unknown
Suspected
1336
CE
1646
CE
Loading...
83
Amorite Babylonia
unknown
Suspected
2000
BCE
1600
BCE
Loading...
84
Kassite Babylonia
unknown
Suspected
1595
BCE
1150
BCE
Loading...
85
Bazi Dynasty
unknown
Suspected
1005
BCE
986
BCE
Loading...
86
Dynasty of E
unknown
Suspected
979
BCE
732
BCE
Loading...
87
Early Dynastic
unknown
Suspected
2900
BCE
2500
BCE
Loading...
88
Second Dynasty of Isin
unknown
Suspected
1153
BCE
1027
BCE
Loading...
89
Isin-Larsa
unknown
Suspected
2004
BCE
1763
BCE
Loading...
90
Uruk
unknown
Suspected
4000
BCE
2900
BCE
Loading...
91
Ak Koyunlu
unknown
Suspected
1339
CE
1501
CE
Loading...
92
Elymais II
unknown
Suspected
25
CE
215
CE
Loading...
93
Sasanid Empire II
unknown
Suspected
488
CE
642
CE
Loading...
94
Icelandic Commonwealth
unknown
Suspected
930
CE
1262
CE
Loading...
95
Ostrogothic Kingdom
present
Confident
489
CE
554
CE
Loading...
96
Papal States - High Medieval Period
present
Inferred
1198
CE
1309
CE
Loading...
97
Papal States - Early Modern Period I
present
Confident
1527
CE
1648
CE
Loading...
98
Papal States - Early Modern Period II
present
Confident
1648
CE
1809
CE
Loading...
99
Papal States - Renaissance Period
present
Confident
1378
CE
1527
CE
Loading...
100
Early Roman Republic
unknown
Confident
509
BCE
264
BCE
Loading...
101
Late Roman Republic
unknown
Confident
133
BCE
31
BCE
Loading...
102
Middle Roman Republic
unknown
Confident
264
BCE
133
BCE
Loading...
103
Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity
present
Inferred
395
CE
476
CE
Loading...
104
Delhi Sultanate
present
Confident
1206
CE
1526
CE
Loading...
105
Magadha - Maurya Empire
present
Confident
324
BCE
187
BCE
Loading...
106
Magadha - Sunga Empire
present
Inferred
187
BCE
65
BCE
Loading...
107
Abbasid Caliphate I
present
Confident
750
CE
946
CE
Loading...
108
Abbasid Caliphate II
present
Confident
1191
CE
1258
CE
Loading...
109
Akkadian Empire
unknown
Suspected
2270
BCE
2083
BCE
Loading...
110
Neo-Babylonian Empire
present
Inferred
626
BCE
539
BCE
Loading...
111
Ubaid
absent
Confident
5500
BCE
4201
BCE
Loading...
112
Achaemenid Empire
present
Inferred
550
BCE
331
BCE
Loading...
113
Buyid Confederation
present
Confident
932
CE
1062
CE
Loading...
114
Ilkhanate
present
Confident
1256
CE
1339
CE
Loading...
115
Elam - Kidinuid Period
unknown
Suspected
1500
BCE
1400
BCE
Loading...
116
Elam III
unknown
Suspected
612
BCE
539
BCE
Loading...
117
Qajar
present
Confident
1794
CE
1925
CE
Loading...
118
Sasanid Empire I
present
Inferred
205
CE
487
CE
Loading...
119
Seljuk Sultanate
unknown
Suspected
1037
CE
1157
CE
Loading...
120
Susa II
unknown
Suspected
3800
BCE
3100
BCE
Loading...
121
Latium - Copper Age
present
Confident
3600
BCE
1800
BCE
Loading...
122
Roman Empire - Principate
present
Confident
31
BCE
284
CE
Loading...
123
Republic of Venice III
present
Confident
1204
CE
1563
CE
Loading...
124
Ashikaga Shogunate
present
Confident
1336
CE
1467
CE
Loading...
125
Heian
present
Confident
794
CE
1185
CE
Loading...
126
Japan - Initial Jomon
absent
Confident
9200
BCE
5300
BCE
Loading...
127
Kara-Khanids
unknown
Suspected
950
CE
1212
CE
Loading...
128
Phoenician Empire
unknown
Confident
1200
BCE
332
BCE
Loading...
129
Saadi Sultanate
unknown
Suspected
1554
CE
1659
CE
Loading...
130
Mali Empire
unknown
Suspected
1230
CE
1410
CE
Loading...
131
Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
unknown
Confident
1493
CE
1591
CE
Loading...
132
Late Mongols
unknown
Suspected
1368
CE
1690
CE
Loading...
133
Shiwei
unknown
Suspected
600
CE
1000
CE
Loading...
134
Xianbei Confederation
unknown
Suspected
100
CE
250
CE
Loading...
135
Zungharian Empire
unknown
Suspected
1670
CE
1757
CE
Loading...
136
Later Wagadu Empire
unknown
Suspected
1078
CE
1203
CE
Loading...
137
Middle Wagadu Empire
unknown
Suspected
700
CE
1077
CE
Loading...
138
Kingdom of Norway II
unknown
Suspected
1262
CE
1396
CE
Loading...
139
Cuzco - Late Formative
unknown
Suspected
500
BCE
200
CE
Loading...
140
Wari Empire
unknown
Suspected
650
CE
999
CE
Loading...
141
Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
absent
Inferred
7500
BCE
5500
BCE
Loading...
142
Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
unknown
Suspected
5500
BCE
4000
BCE
Loading...
143
Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic
unknown
Suspected
4000
BCE
3200
BCE
Loading...
144
Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period
absent
Confident
1800
BCE
1300
BCE
Loading...
145
Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period
unknown
Suspected
3200
BCE
2500
BCE
Loading...
146
Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period
unknown
Suspected
1300
BCE
500
BCE
Loading...
147
Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period
unknown
Suspected
854
CE
1193
CE
Loading...
148
Egypt - Kushite Period
present
Inferred
747
BCE
656
BCE
Loading...
149
Late Cappadocia
unknown
Suspected
330
BCE
16
CE
Loading...
150
Hatti - Old Kingdom
absent
Confident
1650
BCE
1500
BCE
Loading...
151
Warring States Japan
present
Confident
1467
CE
1568
CE
Loading...
152
Western Turk Khaganate
absent
Confident
582
CE
630
CE
Loading...
153
Andronovo
present
Confident
1800
BCE
1200
BCE
Loading...
154
Bamana kingdom
present
Inferred
1712
CE
1861
CE
Loading...
155
Jenne-jeno II
absent
Confident
50
CE
399
CE
Loading...
156
Jenne-jeno IV
absent
Confident
900
CE
1300
CE
Loading...
157
Eastern Turk Khaganate
absent
Confident
583
CE
630
CE
Loading...
158
Mongol Empire
present
Confident
1206
CE
1368
CE
Loading...
159
Second Turk Khaganate
absent
Confident
682
CE
744
CE
Loading...
160
Monte Alban Late I
absent
Inferred
300
BCE
100
BCE
Loading...
161
Late Formative Basin of Mexico
unknown
Suspected
400
BCE
101
BCE
Loading...
162
Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico
unknown
Suspected
100
BCE
99
CE
Loading...
163
Oaxaca - Rosario
unknown
Suspected
700
BCE
500
BCE
Loading...
164
Cuzco - Early Intermediate I
unknown
Confident
200
CE
499
CE
Loading...
165
Cuzco - Early Intermediate II
unknown
Confident
500
CE
649
CE
Loading...
166
Indo-Greek Kingdom
present
Inferred
180
BCE
10
BCE
Loading...
167
Umayyad Caliphate
present
Confident
661
CE
750
CE
Loading...
168
Ayutthaya
present
Inferred
1593
CE
1767
CE
Loading...
169
Rattanakosin
unknown
Suspected
1782
CE
1873
CE
Loading...
170
Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age
absent
Confident
3000
BCE
2000
BCE
Loading...
171
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
absent
Confident
2000
BCE
1700
BCE
Loading...
172
Byzantine Empire I
present
Confident
632
CE
866
CE
Loading...
173
Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic
absent
Confident
6000
BCE
5500
BCE
Loading...
174
Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic
absent
Confident
5500
BCE
3000
BCE
Loading...
175
East Roman Empire
present
Confident
395
CE
631
CE
Loading...
176
Kingdom of Lydia
unknown
Suspected
670
BCE
546
BCE
Loading...
177
Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
absent
Confident
7000
BCE
6600
BCE
Loading...
178
Yemen - Era of Warlords
present
Inferred
1038
CE
1174
CE
Loading...
179
Khanate of Bukhara
unknown
Suspected
1599
CE
1747
CE
Loading...
180
Koktepe I
unknown
Suspected
1400
BCE
1000
BCE
Loading...
181
Koktepe II
unknown
Suspected
750
BCE
550
BCE
Loading...
182
Sogdiana - City-States Period
unknown
Suspected
604
CE
711
CE
Loading...
183
Yemen - Late Bronze Age
absent
Inferred
1200
BCE
801
BCE
Loading...
184
Neolithic Yemen
unknown
Suspected
3500
BCE
1201
BCE
Loading...
185
Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty
unknown
Suspected
1637
CE
1805
CE
Loading...
186
Qatabanian Commonwealth
unknown
Suspected
450
BCE
111
BCE
Loading...
187
Rasulid Dynasty
present
Inferred
1229
CE
1453
CE
Loading...
188
Sabaean Commonwealth
unknown
Suspected
800
BCE
451
BCE
Loading...
189
Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan
unknown
Suspected
110
BCE
149
CE
Loading...
190
Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty
unknown
Suspected
1454
CE
1517
CE
Loading...
191
Ghur Principality
present
Inferred
1025
CE
1215
CE
Loading...
192
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
present
Confident
256
BCE
125
BCE
Loading...
193
Hephthalites
present
Inferred
408
CE
561
CE
Loading...
194
Eastern Han Empire
present
Confident
25
CE
220
CE
Loading...
195
Western Jin
present
Confident
265
CE
317
CE
Loading...
196
Hmong - Early Chinese
present
Inferred
1895
CE
1941
CE
Loading...
197
Hmong - Late Qing
present
Confident
1701
CE
1895
CE
Loading...
198
Longshan
present
Confident
3000
BCE
1900
BCE
Loading...
199
Northern Wei
present
Confident
386
CE
534
CE
Loading...
200
Late Qing
present
Inferred
1796
CE
1912
CE
Loading...
201
Phrygian Kingdom
unknown
Suspected
900
BCE
695
BCE
Loading...
202
Roman Empire - Dominate
present
Inferred
285
CE
394
CE
Loading...
203
Tabal Kingdoms
unknown
Suspected
900
BCE
730
BCE
Loading...
204
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II
present
Confident
900
CE
1049
CE
Loading...
205
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I
present
Confident
750
CE
900
CE
Loading...
206
Ancient Khwarazm
unknown
Suspected
1000
BCE
521
BCE
Loading...
207
Late Shang
present
Confident
1250
BCE
1045
BCE
Loading...
208
Sui Dynasty
present
Confident
581
CE
618
CE
Loading...
209
Tang Dynasty II
present
Confident
763
CE
907
CE
Loading...
210
Early Wei Dynasty
present
Inferred
445
BCE
225
BCE
Loading...
211
Western Han Empire
present
Confident
202
BCE
9
CE
Loading...
212
Yangshao
present
Confident
5000
BCE
3000
BCE
Loading...
213
Neguanje
absent
Inferred
250
CE
1050
CE
Loading...
214
Tairona
absent
Inferred
1050
CE
1524
CE
Loading...
215
Shuar - Colonial
absent
Confident
1534
CE
1830
CE
Loading...
216
Shuar - Ecuadorian
present
Confident
1831
CE
1931
CE
Loading...
217
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II
present
Confident
1348
CE
1412
CE
Loading...
218
Egypt - Middle Kingdom
present
Confident
2016
BCE
1700
BCE
Loading...
219
Ptolemaic Kingdom II
unknown
Suspected
217
BCE
30
BCE
Loading...
220
Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period
present
Confident
1720
BCE
1567
BCE
Loading...
221
Spanish Empire I
present
Confident
1516
CE
1715
CE
Loading...
222
Middle Merovingian
present
Inferred
543
CE
687
CE
Loading...
223
Atlantic Complex
unknown
Suspected
2200
BCE
1000
BCE
Loading...
224
Beaker Culture
present
Confident
3200
BCE
2000
BCE
Loading...
225
Proto-French Kingdom
present
Confident
987
CE
1150
CE
Loading...
226
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
present
Confident
1150
CE
1328
CE
Loading...
227
Carolingian Empire I
present
Inferred
752
CE
840
CE
Loading...
228
Carolingian Empire II
present
Inferred
840
CE
987
CE
Loading...
229
Early Merovingian
present
Inferred
481
CE
543
CE
Loading...
230
Proto-Carolingian
present
Inferred
687
CE
751
CE
Loading...
231
Susiana B
unknown
Suspected
5700
BCE
5100
BCE
Loading...
232
La Tene C2-D
present
Confident
175
BCE
27
BCE
Loading...
233
French Kingdom - Early Valois
present
Inferred
1328
CE
1450
CE
Loading...
234
Hawaii I
unknown
Suspected
1000
CE
1200
CE
Loading...
235
Hawaii II
unknown
Suspected
1200
CE
1580
CE
Loading...
236
Hawaii III
present
Confident
1580
CE
1778
CE
Loading...
237
Kalingga Kingdom
unknown
Suspected
500
CE
732
CE
Loading...
238
Kediri Kingdom
present
Inferred
1049
CE
1222
CE
Loading...
239
Majapahit Kingdom
unknown
Suspected
1292
CE
1518
CE
Loading...
240
Medang Kingdom
present
Inferred
732
CE
1019
CE
Loading...
241
Yehuda
present
Confident
141
BCE
63
BCE
Loading...
242
Yisrael
present
Confident
1030
BCE
722
BCE
Loading...
243
Kingdom of Ayodhya
present
Confident
64
BCE
34
CE
Loading...
244
Chalukyas of Badami
present
Inferred
543
CE
753
CE
Loading...
245
Deccan - Iron Age
present
Inferred
1200
BCE
300
BCE
Loading...
246
Gupta Empire
present
Inferred
320
CE
550
CE
Loading...
247
Hoysala Kingdom
present
Confident
1108
CE
1346
CE
Loading...
248
Susiana - Late Ubaid
unknown
Suspected
4700
BCE
4300
BCE
Loading...
249
Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling
absent
Confident
1055
CE
1199
CE
Loading...
250
Susiana - Early Ubaid
unknown
Suspected
5100
BCE
4700
BCE
Loading...
251
Kampili Kingdom
present
Inferred
1280
CE
1327
CE
Loading...
252
Mahajanapada era
present
Confident
600
BCE
324
BCE
Loading...
253
Mughal Empire
present
Inferred
1526
CE
1858
CE
Loading...
254
Rashtrakuta Empire
present
Confident
753
CE
973
CE
Loading...
255
Satavahana Empire
present
Confident
100
BCE
200
CE
Loading...
256
Vakataka Kingdom
present
Inferred
255
CE
550
CE
Loading...
257
Neo-Assyrian Empire
present
Inferred
911
BCE
612
BCE
Loading...
258
Southern Mesopotamia Neolithic
absent
Inferred
9000
BCE
5501
BCE
Loading...
259
Ur - Dynasty III
unknown
Suspected
2112
BCE
2004
BCE
Loading...
260
Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar
unknown
Suspected
7000
BCE
6000
BCE
Loading...
261
Elam - Awan Dynasty I
unknown
Suspected
2675
BCE
2100
BCE
Loading...
262
Elam - Crisis Period
unknown
Suspected
1100
BCE
900
BCE
Loading...
263
Formative Period
unknown
Suspected
7200
BCE
7000
BCE
Loading...
264
Susiana A
unknown
Suspected
6000
BCE
5700
BCE
Loading...
265
Elam - Igihalkid Period
unknown
Suspected
1399
BCE
1200
BCE
Loading...
266
Elam - Shutrukid Period
unknown
Suspected
1199
BCE
1100
BCE
Loading...
267
Elam I
unknown
Suspected
900
BCE
744
BCE
Loading...
268
Elam II
unknown
Suspected
743
BCE
647
BCE
Loading...
269
Parthian Empire I
present
Confident
247
BCE
40
CE
Loading...
270
Parthian Empire II
present
Confident
41
CE
226
CE
Loading...
271
Pre-Ceramic Period
unknown
Suspected
7800
BCE
7200
BCE
Loading...
272
Safavid Empire
present
Confident
1501
CE
1722
CE
Loading...
273
Elam - Shimashki Period
unknown
Suspected
2028
BCE
1940
BCE
Loading...
274
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
unknown
Suspected
1900
BCE
1701
BCE
Loading...
275
Elam - Late Sukkalmah
unknown
Suspected
1700
BCE
1500
BCE
Loading...
276
Susa I
unknown
Suspected
4300
BCE
3800
BCE
Loading...
277
Susa III
unknown
Suspected
3100
BCE
2675
BCE
Loading...
278
Latium - Bronze Age
present
Confident
1800
BCE
900
BCE
Loading...
279
Latium - Iron Age
present
Confident
1000
BCE
580
BCE
Loading...
280
Rome - Republic of St Peter II
present
Inferred
904
CE
1198
CE
Loading...
281
Exarchate of Ravenna
present
Inferred
568
CE
751
CE
Loading...
282
Roman Kingdom
present
Confident
716
BCE
509
BCE
Loading...
283
Republic of St Peter I
present
Inferred
711
CE
904
CE
Loading...
284
Republic of Venice IV
present
Confident
1564
CE
1797
CE
Loading...
285
Asuka
present
Confident
538
CE
710
CE
Loading...
286
Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama
present
Confident
1568
CE
1603
CE
Loading...
287
Japan - Early Jomon
absent
Confident
5300
BCE
3500
BCE
Loading...
288
Japan - Middle Jomon
absent
Confident
3500
BCE
2500
BCE
Loading...
289
Japan - Late Jomon
absent
Confident
2500
BCE
1200
BCE
Loading...
290
Japan - Final Jomon
absent
Confident
1200
BCE
300
BCE
Loading...
291
Kansai - Kofun Period
present
Confident
250
CE
537
CE
Loading...
292
Tokugawa Shogunate
present
Confident
1603
CE
1868
CE
Loading...
293
Kansai - Yayoi Period
present
Confident
300
BCE
250
CE
Loading...
294
Classical Angkor
present
Confident
1100
CE
1220
CE
Loading...
295
Early Angkor
present
Confident
802
CE
1100
CE
Loading...
296
Late Angkor
present
Confident
1220
CE
1432
CE
Loading...
297
Khmer Kingdom
present
Confident
1432
CE
1594
CE
Loading...
298
Chenla
absent
Inferred
550
CE
825
CE
Loading...
299
Archaic Basin of Mexico
absent
Confident
6000
BCE
2001
BCE
Loading...
300
Funan I
absent
Inferred
225
CE
540
CE
Loading...
301
Funan II
absent
Inferred
540
CE
640
CE
Loading...
302
Bronze Age Cambodia
absent
Inferred
1200
BCE
501
BCE
Loading...
303
Bronze Age Cambodia
absent
Inferred
500
BCE
224
CE
Loading...
304
Jenne-jeno I
absent
Inferred
250
BCE
49
CE
Loading...
305
Jenne-jeno III
absent
Confident
400
CE
899
CE
Loading...
306
Segou Kingdom
present
Inferred
1650
CE
1712
CE
Loading...
307
Khitan I
present
Inferred
907
CE
1125
CE
Loading...
308
Monte Alban III
absent
Inferred
200
CE
500
CE
Loading...
309
Early Mongols
present
Inferred
1000
CE
1206
CE
Loading...
310
Yemen Ziyad Dynasty
present
Inferred
822
CE
1037
CE
Loading...
311
Rouran Khaganate
present
Inferred
300
CE
555
CE
Loading...
312
Uigur Khaganate
present
Inferred
745
CE
840
CE
Loading...
313
Early Xiongnu
unknown
Suspected
1400
BCE
300
BCE
Loading...
314
Late Xiongnu
present
Confident
60
BCE
100
CE
Loading...
315
Xiongnu Imperial Confederation
present
Confident
209
BCE
60
BCE
Loading...
316
Early Monte Alban I
absent
Inferred
500
BCE
300
BCE
Loading...
317
Monte Alban II
absent
Inferred
100
BCE
200
CE
Loading...
318
Monte Alban IIIB and IV
absent
Inferred
500
CE
900
CE
Loading...
319
Monte Alban V
absent
Confident
900
CE
1520
CE
Loading...
320
Aztec Empire
absent
Inferred
1427
CE
1526
CE
Loading...
321
Classic Basin of Mexico
absent
Inferred
100
CE
649
CE
Loading...
322
Initial Formative Basin of Mexico
absent
Confident
2000
BCE
1201
BCE
Loading...
323
Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico
absent
Confident
1200
CE
1426
CE
Loading...
324
Oaxaca - San Jose
unknown
Suspected
1150
BCE
700
BCE
Loading...
325
Oaxaca - Tierras Largas
unknown
Suspected
1400
BCE
1150
BCE
Loading...
326
Cuzco - Late Intermediate I
present
Confident
1000
CE
1250
CE
Loading...
327
Cuzco - Late Intermediate II
present
Confident
1250
CE
1400
CE
Loading...
328
Inca Empire
present
Confident
1375
CE
1532
CE
Loading...
329
Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
unknown
Suspected
1734
CE
1883
CE
Loading...
330
Orokaiva - Colonial
unknown
Suspected
1884
CE
1942
CE
Loading...
331
Sind - Samma Dynasty
present
Inferred
1335
CE
1521
CE
Loading...
332
Sakha - Early
absent
Confident
1400
CE
1632
CE
Loading...
333
Sakha - Late
absent
Confident
1632
CE
1900
CE
Loading...
334
Sarazm
unknown
Suspected
3500
BCE
2000
BCE
Loading...
335
Fatimid Caliphate
present
Confident
909
CE
1171
CE
Loading...
336
Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II
absent
Confident
1500
BCE
1400
BCE
Loading...
337
Byzantine Empire II
present
Confident
867
CE
1072
CE
Loading...
338
Byzantine Empire III
present
Confident
1073
CE
1204
CE
Loading...
339
Hatti - New Kingdom
absent
Confident
1400
BCE
1180
BCE
Loading...
340
Lysimachus Kingdom
present
Confident
323
BCE
281
BCE
Loading...
341
Neo-Hittite Kingdoms
absent
Confident
1180
BCE
900
BCE
Loading...
342
Ottoman Emirate
present
Confident
1299
CE
1402
CE
Loading...
343
Ottoman Empire I
present
Inferred
1402
CE
1517
CE
Loading...
344
Ottoman Empire II
present
Confident
1517
CE
1683
CE
Loading...
345
Ottoman Empire III
present
Inferred
1683
CE
1839
CE
Loading...
346
Rum Sultanate
unknown
Suspected
1077
CE
1307
CE
Loading...
347
Cahokia - Moorehead
absent
Confident
1200
CE
1275
CE
Loading...
348
Early Illinois Confederation
absent
Inferred
1640
CE
1717
CE
Loading...
349
Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period
present
Inferred
1778
CE
1819
CE
Loading...
350
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
absent
Inferred
1714
CE
1848
CE
Loading...
351
Proto-Haudenosaunee Confederacy
absent
Inferred
1300
CE
1565
CE
Loading...
352
Cahokia - Early Woodland
absent
Inferred
600
BCE
150
BCE
Loading...
353
Samanid Empire
present
Confident
819
CE
999
CE
Loading...
354
Cahokia - Late Woodland II
absent
Inferred
450
CE
600
CE
Loading...
355
Cahokia - Middle Woodland
absent
Inferred
150
BCE
300
CE
Loading...
356
Cahokia - Late Woodland III
absent
Inferred
600
CE
750
CE
Loading...
357
Cahokia - Late Woodland I
absent
Inferred
300
CE
450
CE
Loading...
358
Oneota
unknown
Suspected
1400
CE
1650
CE
Loading...
359
Chagatai Khanate
present
Confident
1263
CE
1402
CE
Loading...
360
Timurid Empire
present
Confident
1370
CE
1526
CE
Loading...
361
Himyar I
present
Inferred
270
CE
340
CE
Loading...
362
Durrani Empire
unknown
Suspected
1747
CE
1826
CE
Loading...
363
Himyar II
present
Inferred
378
CE
525
CE
Loading...
364
Kidarite Kingdom
present
Confident
388
CE
477
CE
Loading...
365
Chalukyas of Kalyani
present
Confident
973
CE
1189
CE
Loading...
366
Post-Mauryan Kingdoms
unknown
Suspected
205
BCE
101
BCE
Loading...