Section: Fortifications
Variable: Complex Fortification (All coded records)
The absence or presence of complex_fortifications as a military technology used in warfare. When there are two or more concentric walls. So simply a wall and a donjon, for example, is not enough.  
367 Complex Fortification Records
#  Polity  Coded Value Tags Year(s) Edit
1 Early Qing Present Confident 1644 CE  1796 CE
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2 Late Qing Present Confident 1796 CE  1912 CE
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3 Archaic Basin of Mexico Absent Confident 6000 BCE  2001 BCE
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4 Initial Formative Basin of Mexico Absent Confident 2000 BCE  1201 BCE
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5 Late Formative Basin of Mexico Absent Confident 400 BCE  101 BCE
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6 Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico Absent Confident 100 BCE  99 CE
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7 Classic Basin of Mexico Absent Inferred 100 CE  649 CE
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8 Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico Absent Confident 1200 CE  1426 CE
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9 Aztec Empire Present Confident 1427 CE  1526 CE
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10 Hawaii I Absent Confident 1000 CE  1200 CE
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11 Hawaii II Absent Confident 1200 CE  1580 CE
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12 Hawaii III Absent Confident 1580 CE  1778 CE
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13 Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period Absent Confident 1778 CE  1819 CE
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14 Cahokia - Early Woodland Unknown Suspected 600 BCE  150 BCE
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15 Cahokia - Middle Woodland Unknown Suspected 150 BCE  300 CE
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16 Cahokia - Late Woodland I Absent Confident 300 CE  450 CE
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17 Cahokia - Late Woodland II Absent Confident 450 CE  600 CE
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18 Cahokia - Late Woodland III Unknown Suspected 600 CE  750 CE
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19 Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I Absent Confident 750 CE  900 CE
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20 Cahokia - Sand Prairie Absent Confident 1275 CE  1400 CE
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21 Oneota Unknown Suspected 1400 CE  1650 CE
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22 Early Illinois Confederation Absent Inferred 1640 CE  1717 CE
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23 Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling Absent Confident 1050 CE  1199 CE
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24 Cahokia - Moorehead Absent Confident 1200 CE  1275 CE
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25 Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II Absent Confident 900 CE  1049 CE
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26 Bronze Age Cambodia Unknown Suspected 1200 BCE  501 BCE
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27 Bronze Age Cambodia Unknown Suspected 500 BCE  224 CE
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28 Funan I Absent Inferred 225 CE  540 CE
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29 Funan II Absent Inferred 540 CE  640 CE
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30 Chenla Absent Inferred 550 CE  825 CE
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31 Early Angkor Present Confident 802 CE  1100 CE
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32 Classical Angkor Present Confident 1100 CE  1220 CE
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33 Late Angkor Present Confident 1220 CE  1432 CE
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34 Khmer Kingdom Present Confident 1432 CE  1594 CE
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35 Ayutthaya Unknown Suspected 1593 CE  1767 CE
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36 Rattanakosin Unknown Suspected 1782 CE  1873 CE
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37 Kalingga Kingdom Unknown Suspected 500 CE  732 CE
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38 Medang Kingdom Unknown Suspected 732 CE  1019 CE
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39 Kediri Kingdom Unknown Suspected 1049 CE  1222 CE
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40 Majapahit Kingdom Unknown Suspected 1292 CE  1518 CE
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41 Mataram Sultanate Present Confident 1568 CE  1755 CE
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42 Chuuk - Early Truk Absent Inferred 1775 CE  1886 CE
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43 Chuuk - Late Truk Absent Inferred 1886 CE  1948 CE
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44 Neolithic Crete Absent Confident 7000 BCE  3000 BCE
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45 Prepalatial Crete Absent Confident 3000 BCE  1900 BCE
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46 Old Palace Crete Absent Confident 1900 BCE  1700 BCE
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47 New Palace Crete Absent Confident 1700 BCE  1450 BCE
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48 Monopalatial Crete Absent Confident 1450 BCE  1300 BCE
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49 Postpalatial Crete Absent Confident 1300 BCE  1200 BCE
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50 Final Postpalatial Crete Absent Confident 1200 BCE  1000 BCE
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51 Geometric Crete Absent Confident 1000 BCE  710 BCE
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52 Archaic Crete Absent Confident 710 BCE  500 BCE
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53 Classical Crete Present Confident 500 BCE  323 BCE
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54 Hellenistic Crete Present Confident 323 BCE  69 BCE
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55 Roman Empire - Principate Present Confident 31 BCE  284 CE
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56 Roman Empire - Dominate Present Confident 285 CE  394 CE
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57 East Roman Empire Present Confident 395 CE  631 CE
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58 Byzantine Empire I Present Confident 632 CE  866 CE
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59 The Emirate of Crete Present Confident 824 CE  961 CE
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60 Byzantine Empire II Present Confident 867 CE  1072 CE
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61 Byzantine Empire III Present Confident 1073 CE  1204 CE
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62 Cuzco - Late Formative Absent Confident 500 BCE  200 CE
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63 Cuzco - Early Intermediate I Absent Confident 200 CE  499 CE
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64 Cuzco - Early Intermediate II Absent Confident 500 CE  649 CE
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65 Wari Empire Absent Confident 650 CE  999 CE
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66 Cuzco - Late Intermediate I Absent Confident 1000 CE  1250 CE
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67 Cuzco - Late Intermediate II Absent Confident Uncertain 1250 CE  1400 CE
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68 Cuzco - Late Intermediate II Present Confident Uncertain 1250 CE  1400 CE
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69 Inca Empire Absent Inferred 1375 CE  1532 CE
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70 Spanish Empire I Absent Inferred 1516 CE  1715 CE
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71 Deccan - Neolithic Absent Confident 2700 BCE  1200 BCE
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72 Deccan - Iron Age Unknown Suspected 1200 BCE  300 BCE
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73 Magadha - Maurya Empire Absent Inferred 324 BCE  187 BCE
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74 Post-Mauryan Kingdoms Unknown Suspected 205 BCE  101 BCE
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75 Satavahana Empire Unknown Suspected 100 BCE  200 CE
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76 Vakataka Kingdom Unknown Suspected 255 CE  550 CE
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77 Kadamba Empire Unknown Suspected 345 CE  550 CE
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78 Chalukyas of Badami Unknown Suspected 543 CE  753 CE
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79 Rashtrakuta Empire Unknown Suspected 753 CE  973 CE
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80 Hoysala Kingdom Unknown Suspected 1108 CE  1346 CE
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81 Kampili Kingdom Unknown Suspected 1280 CE  1327 CE
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82 Vijayanagara Empire Present Confident 1336 CE  1646 CE
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83 Mughal Empire Present Inferred 1526 CE  1858 CE
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84 Proto-Haudenosaunee Confederacy Present Confident 1300 CE  1565 CE
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85 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early Present Confident 1566 CE 1700 CE
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86 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early Absent Inferred 1701 CE 1713 CE
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87 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late Absent Confident 1714 CE  1848 CE
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88 Canaan Absent Confident 2000 BCE  1175 BCE
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89 Phoenician Empire Unknown Confident 1200 BCE  332 BCE
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90 Yisrael Present Confident 1030 BCE  722 BCE
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91 Neo-Assyrian Empire Unknown Suspected 911 BCE  612 BCE
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92 Achaemenid Empire Present Confident 550 BCE  331 BCE
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93 Seleucids Present Confident 312 BCE  63 BCE
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94 Ptolemaic Kingdom I Absent Confident 305 BCE  217 BCE
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95 Yehuda Present Confident 141 BCE  63 BCE
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96 Early A'chik Absent Confident 1775 CE  1867 CE
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97 Late A'chik Absent Confident 1867 CE  1956 CE
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98 Akan - Pre-Ashanti Absent Confident 1501 CE  1701 CE
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99 Ashanti Empire Unknown Suspected 1701 CE  1895 CE
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100 Icelandic Commonwealth Absent Confident 930 CE  1262 CE
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101 Kingdom of Norway II Absent Confident 1262 CE  1396 CE
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102 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic Absent Confident 7500 BCE  5500 BCE
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103 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic Absent Confident 5500 BCE  4000 BCE
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104 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic Absent Confident 4000 BCE  3200 BCE
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105 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period Absent Confident 3200 BCE  2500 BCE
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106 Kachi Plain - Urban Period I Absent Confident 2500 BCE  2100 BCE
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107 Kachi Plain - Urban Period II Absent Confident 2100 BCE  1800 BCE
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108 Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period Absent Confident 1800 BCE  1300 BCE
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109 Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period Unknown Suspected 1300 BCE  500 BCE
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110 Parthian Empire I Present Confident 247 BCE  40 CE
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111 Indo-Greek Kingdom Unknown Suspected 180 BCE  10 BCE
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112 Kushan Empire Present Confident 35 CE  319 CE
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113 Sasanid Empire I Present Confident 205 CE  487 CE
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114 Hephthalites Unknown Suspected 408 CE  561 CE
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115 Sasanid Empire II Present Confident 488 CE  642 CE
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116 Umayyad Caliphate Present Confident 661 CE  750 CE
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117 Abbasid Caliphate I Unknown Suspected 750 CE  946 CE
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118 Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period Unknown Suspected 854 CE  1193 CE
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119 Ghur Principality Present Inferred 1025 CE  1215 CE
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120 Delhi Sultanate Present Confident 1206 CE  1526 CE
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121 Sind - Samma Dynasty Present Inferred 1335 CE  1521 CE
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122 Durrani Empire Present Confident 1747 CE  1826 CE
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123 Japan - Incipient Jomon Absent Confident 13600 BCE  9200 BCE
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124 Japan - Initial Jomon Absent Confident 9200 BCE  5300 BCE
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125 Japan - Early Jomon Absent Confident 5300 BCE  3500 BCE
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126 Japan - Middle Jomon Absent Confident 3500 BCE  2500 BCE
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127 Japan - Late Jomon Absent Confident 2500 BCE  1200 BCE
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128 Japan - Final Jomon Absent Confident 1200 BCE  300 BCE
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129 Kansai - Yayoi Period Absent Confident 300 BCE  250 CE
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130 Kansai - Kofun Period Absent Confident 250 CE  537 CE
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131 Asuka Absent Confident 538 CE  710 CE
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132 Heian Present Confident 794 CE  1185 CE
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133 Kamakura Shogunate Absent Confident 1185 CE  1333 CE
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134 Ashikaga Shogunate Absent Confident 1336 CE  1467 CE
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135 Warring States Japan Present Confident 1467 CE  1568 CE
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136 Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama Present Inferred 1568 CE  1603 CE
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137 Tokugawa Shogunate Unknown Suspected 1603 CE  1868 CE
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138 Iban - Pre-Brooke Absent Confident 1650 CE  1841 CE
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139 Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial Absent Confident 1841 CE  1987 CE
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140 Konya Plain - Early Neolithic Absent Confident 9600 BCE  7000 BCE
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141 Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic Absent Confident 7000 BCE  6600 BCE
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142 Konya Plain - Late Neolithic Absent Confident 6600 BCE  6000 BCE
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143 Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic Absent Confident 6000 BCE  5500 BCE
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144 Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic Present Confident 5500 BCE  3000 BCE
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145 Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age Present Confident 3000 BCE  2000 BCE
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146 Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia Present Confident 2000 BCE  1700 BCE
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147 Hatti - Old Kingdom Present Confident 1650 BCE  1500 BCE
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148 Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II Present Confident 1500 BCE  1400 BCE
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149 Hatti - New Kingdom Present Confident 1400 BCE  1180 BCE
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150 Neo-Hittite Kingdoms Present Confident 1180 BCE  900 BCE
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151 Phrygian Kingdom Present Confident 900 BCE  695 BCE
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152 Tabal Kingdoms Present Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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153 Kingdom of Lydia Present Confident 670 BCE  546 BCE
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154 Lysimachus Kingdom Present Inferred 323 BCE  281 BCE
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155 Late Cappadocia Unknown Suspected 330 BCE  16 CE
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156 Rum Sultanate Absent Confident 1077 CE  1307 CE
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157 Ilkhanate Unknown Suspected 1256 CE  1339 CE
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158 Ottoman Emirate Present Confident 1299 CE  1402 CE
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159 Ottoman Empire I Present Confident 1402 CE  1517 CE
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160 Ottoman Empire II Present Confident 1517 CE  1683 CE
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161 Ottoman Empire III Absent Confident 1683 CE  1839 CE
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162 Latium - Copper Age Absent Inferred 3600 BCE  1800 BCE
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163 Latium - Bronze Age Absent Confident 1800 BCE  900 BCE
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164 Latium - Iron Age Absent Inferred 1000 BCE  580 BCE
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165 Roman Kingdom Unknown Suspected 716 BCE  509 BCE
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166 Early Roman Republic Unknown Suspected 509 BCE  264 BCE
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167 Middle Roman Republic Unknown Suspected 264 BCE  133 BCE
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168 Late Roman Republic Unknown Suspected 133 BCE  31 BCE
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169 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity Present Confident 395 CE  476 CE
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170 Ostrogothic Kingdom Unknown Confident 489 CE  554 CE
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171 Exarchate of Ravenna Unknown Confident 568 CE  751 CE
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172 Republic of St Peter I Unknown Confident 752 CE  904 CE
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173 Rome - Republic of St Peter II Present Inferred 904 CE  1198 CE
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174 Papal States - High Medieval Period Present Confident 1198 CE  1309 CE
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175 Papal States - Renaissance Period Present Confident 1378 CE  1527 CE
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176 Papal States - Early Modern Period I Present Confident 1527 CE  1648 CE
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177 Papal States - Early Modern Period II Present Confident 1648 CE  1809 CE
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178 Sakha - Early Absent Confident 1400 CE  1632 CE
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179 Sakha - Late Absent Confident 1632 CE  1900 CE
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180 Shuar - Colonial Absent Confident 1534 CE  1830 CE
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181 Shuar - Ecuadorian Absent Confident 1831 CE  1931 CE
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182 Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period Absent Inferred 1550 BCE  1293 BCE
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183 Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period Present Confident 1293 BCE  1070 BCE
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184 Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period Absent Confident 1069 BCE  747 BCE
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185 Egypt - Saite Period Present Inferred 664 BCE  525 BCE
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186 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period Unknown Suspected 404 BCE  342 BCE
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187 Ptolemaic Kingdom II Absent Confident 217 BCE  30 BCE
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188 Axum I Unknown Suspected 149 BCE  349 CE
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189 Middle Wagadu Empire Unknown Suspected 700 CE  1077 CE
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190 Fatimid Caliphate Present Confident 909 CE  1171 CE
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191 Later Wagadu Empire Unknown Suspected 1078 CE  1203 CE
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192 Mali Empire Unknown Suspected 1230 CE  1410 CE
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193 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I Present Confident 1260 CE  1348 CE
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194 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II Present Confident 1348 CE  1412 CE
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195 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III Present Confident 1412 CE  1517 CE
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196 Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty Absent Confident 1493 CE  1591 CE
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197 Late Shang Present Inferred 1250 BCE  1045 BCE
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198 Western Zhou Present Confident 1122 BCE  771 BCE
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199 Jin Present Confident 780 BCE  404 BCE
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200 Western Han Empire Present Confident 202 BCE  9 CE
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201 Eastern Han Empire Present Inferred 25 CE  220 CE
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202 Western Jin Unknown Suspected 265 CE  317 CE
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203 Northern Wei Present Confident 386 CE  534 CE
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204 Sui Dynasty Present Confident 581 CE  618 CE
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205 Tang Dynasty I Present Confident 617 CE  763 CE
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206 Nara Kingdom Present Confident 710 CE  794 CE
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207 Tang Dynasty II Present Confident 763 CE  907 CE
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208 Jin Dynasty Present Confident 1115 CE  1234 CE
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209 Mongol Empire Absent Confident 1206 CE  1270 CE
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210 Great Yuan Unknown Suspected 1271 CE  1368 CE
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211 Great Ming Present Confident 1368 CE  1644 CE
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212 Xiongnu Imperial Confederation Present Inferred 209 BCE  60 BCE
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213 Late Xiongnu Present Inferred 60 BCE  100 CE
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214 Rouran Khaganate Present Confident 300 CE  555 CE
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215 Western Turk Khaganate Absent Confident 582 CE  630 CE
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216 Eastern Turk Khaganate Absent Confident 583 CE  630 CE
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217 Uigur Khaganate Present Confident 745 CE  840 CE
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218 Samanid Empire Present Confident 819 CE  999 CE
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219 Khitan I Present Inferred 907 CE  1125 CE
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220 Kara-Khanids Present Confident 950 CE  1212 CE
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221 Chagatai Khanate Unknown Suspected 1227 CE  1402 CE
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222 Early Merovingian Unknown Suspected 481 CE  543 CE
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223 Middle Merovingian Unknown Suspected 543 CE  687 CE
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224 Carolingian Empire I Absent Confident 752 CE  840 CE
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225 Carolingian Empire II Absent Confident 840 CE  987 CE
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226 French Kingdom - Early Valois Present Inferred 1328 CE  1450 CE
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227 Kassite Babylonia Unknown Suspected 1595 BCE  1150 BCE
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228 Neo-Babylonian Empire Present Confident 626 BCE  539 BCE
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229 Greco-Bactrian Kingdom Present Confident 256 BCE  125 BCE
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230 Himyar I Unknown Suspected 270 CE  340 CE
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231 Himyar II Unknown Suspected 378 CE  525 CE
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232 Yemen Ziyad Dynasty Unknown Suspected 822 CE  1037 CE
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233 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period Present Confident 868 CE  969 CE
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234 Buyid Confederation Unknown Suspected 932 CE  1062 CE
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235 Seljuk Sultanate Present Confident Disputed 1037 CE  1157 CE
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236 Seljuk Sultanate Absent Confident Disputed 1037 CE  1157 CE
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237 Yemen - Era of Warlords Unknown Suspected 1038 CE  1174 CE
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238 Ayyubid Sultanate Present Confident 1171 CE  1250 CE
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239 Rasulid Dynasty Unknown Suspected 1229 CE  1453 CE
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240 Timurid Empire Present Inferred 1370 CE  1526 CE
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241 Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty Absent Confident 1454 CE  1517 CE
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242 Safavid Empire Present Confident 1501 CE  1722 CE
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243 Mahajanapada era Present Confident 600 BCE  324 BCE
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244 Magadha - Sunga Empire Absent Inferred 187 BCE  65 BCE
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245 Gupta Empire Absent Inferred 320 CE  550 CE
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246 Magadha Absent Inferred 450 CE  605 CE
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247 Gahadavala Dynasty Absent Inferred 1085 CE  1193 CE
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248 Neolithic Middle Ganga Unknown Suspected 7000 BCE  3001 BCE
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249 Kingdom of Ayodhya Present Inferred 64 BCE  34 CE
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250 Kannauj - Varman Dynasty Absent Inferred 650 CE  780 CE
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251 Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty Absent Inferred 730 CE  1030 CE
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252 Yangshao Absent Confident 5000 BCE  3000 BCE
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253 Longshan Present Confident 3000 BCE  1900 BCE
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254 Erlitou Absent Inferred 1850 BCE  1600 BCE
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255 Erligang Present Confident 1650 BCE  1250 BCE
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256 Early Wei Dynasty Present Confident 445 BCE  225 BCE
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257 Northern Song Present Confident 960 CE  1127 CE
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258 Jenne-jeno I Absent Confident 250 BCE  49 CE
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259 Jenne-jeno II Absent Confident 50 CE  399 CE
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260 Jenne-jeno III Absent Confident 400 CE  899 CE
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261 Jenne-jeno IV Absent Confident 900 CE  1300 CE
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262 Saadi Sultanate Unknown Suspected 1554 CE  1659 CE
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263 Segou Kingdom Present Confident 1650 CE  1712 CE
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264 Bamana kingdom Unknown Suspected 1712 CE  1861 CE
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265 Neguanje Absent Confident 250 CE  1050 CE
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266 Tairona Absent Confident 1050 CE  1524 CE
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267 Early Xiongnu Unknown Suspected 1400 BCE  300 BCE
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268 Xianbei Confederation Unknown Suspected 100 CE  250 CE
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269 Shiwei Unknown Suspected 600 CE  1000 CE
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270 Second Turk Khaganate Absent Confident 682 CE  744 CE
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271 Early Mongols Absent Confident 1000 CE  1206 CE
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272 Late Mongols Unknown Suspected 1368 CE  1690 CE
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273 Zungharian Empire Unknown Suspected 1670 CE  1757 CE
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274 Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial Absent Confident 1734 CE  1883 CE
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275 Orokaiva - Colonial Absent Confident 1884 CE  1942 CE
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276 Beaker Culture Present Confident 3200 BCE  2000 BCE
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277 Atlantic Complex Present Inferred 2200 BCE  1000 BCE
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278 Hallstatt A-B1 Absent Inferred 1000 BCE  900 BCE
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279 Hallstatt B2-3 Absent Confident 900 BCE  700 BCE
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280 Hallstatt C Absent Inferred 700 BCE  600 BCE
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281 Hallstatt D Absent Confident 600 BCE  475 BCE
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282 La Tene A-B1 Absent Confident 475 BCE  325 BCE
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283 La Tene B2-C1 Unknown Suspected 325 BCE  175 BCE
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284 La Tene C2-D Present Confident 175 BCE  27 BCE
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285 Proto-Carolingian Unknown Suspected 687 CE  751 CE
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286 Proto-French Kingdom Present Inferred 987 CE  1150 CE
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287 French Kingdom - Late Capetian Present Confident 1150 CE  1328 CE
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288 French Kingdom - Late Valois Present Inferred 1450 CE  1589 CE
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289 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon Unknown Suspected 1589 CE  1660 CE
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290 Sarazm Absent Inferred 3500 BCE  2000 BCE
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291 Andronovo Present Inferred 1800 BCE  1200 BCE
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292 Koktepe I Unknown Suspected 1400 BCE  1000 BCE
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293 Ancient Khwarazm Present Confident 1000 BCE  521 BCE
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294 Koktepe II Unknown Suspected 750 BCE  550 BCE
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295 Tocharians Present Inferred 129 BCE  29 CE
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296 Sogdiana - City-States Period Present Inferred 604 CE  711 CE
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297 Khanate of Bukhara Unknown Suspected 1599 CE  1747 CE
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298 Hmong - Late Qing Absent Confident 1701 CE  1895 CE
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299 Hmong - Early Chinese Unknown Suspected 1895 CE  1941 CE
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300 Southern Mesopotamia Neolithic Absent Inferred 9000 BCE  5501 BCE
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301 Ubaid Absent Confident 5500 BCE  4201 BCE
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302 Uruk Present Confident 4000 BCE  2900 BCE
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303 Early Dynastic Unknown Suspected 2900 BCE  2500 BCE
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304 Akkadian Empire Unknown Suspected 2270 BCE  2083 BCE
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305 Ur - Dynasty III Unknown Suspected 2112 BCE  2004 BCE
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306 Isin-Larsa Unknown Suspected 2004 BCE  1763 BCE
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307 Amorite Babylonia Unknown Suspected 2000 BCE  1600 BCE
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308 Second Dynasty of Isin Unknown Suspected 1153 BCE  1027 BCE
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309 Bazi Dynasty Unknown Suspected 1005 BCE  986 BCE
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310 Dynasty of E Unknown Suspected 979 BCE  732 BCE
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311 Parthian Empire II Present Confident 41 CE  226 CE
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312 Abbasid Caliphate II Unknown Suspected 1191 CE  1258 CE
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313 Pre-Ceramic Period Absent Confident 7800 BCE  7200 BCE
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314 Formative Period Absent Confident 7200 BCE  7000 BCE
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315 Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar Absent Confident 7000 BCE  6000 BCE
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316 Susiana A Absent Confident 6000 BCE  5700 BCE
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317 Susiana B Absent Confident 5700 BCE  5100 BCE
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318 Susiana - Early Ubaid Absent Confident 5100 BCE  4700 BCE
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319 Susiana - Late Ubaid Absent Confident 4700 BCE  4300 BCE
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320 Susa I Absent Confident 4300 BCE  3800 BCE
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321 Susa II Absent Confident 3800 BCE  3100 BCE
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322 Susa III Absent Confident 3100 BCE  2675 BCE
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323 Elam - Awan Dynasty I Unknown Suspected 2675 BCE  2100 BCE
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324 Elam - Shimashki Period Unknown Suspected 2028 BCE  1940 BCE
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325 Elam - Early Sukkalmah Unknown Suspected 1900 BCE  1701 BCE
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326 Elam - Late Sukkalmah Unknown Suspected 1700 BCE  1500 BCE
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327 Elam - Kidinuid Period Unknown Suspected 1500 BCE  1400 BCE
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328 Elam - Igihalkid Period Present Inferred 1399 BCE  1200 BCE
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329 Elam - Shutrukid Period Unknown Suspected 1199 BCE  1100 BCE
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330 Elam - Crisis Period Unknown Suspected 1100 BCE  900 BCE
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331 Elam I Unknown Suspected 900 BCE  744 BCE
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332 Elam II Unknown Suspected 743 BCE  647 BCE
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333 Elam III Unknown Suspected 612 BCE  539 BCE
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334 Elymais II Unknown Suspected 25 CE  215 CE
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335 Ak Koyunlu Unknown Suspected 1339 CE  1501 CE
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336 Qajar Present Inferred 1794 CE  1925 CE
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337 Badarian Absent Inferred 4400 BCE  3800 BCE
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338 Naqada I Absent Inferred 3800 BCE  3550 BCE
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339 Naqada II Absent Confident 3550 BCE  3300 BCE
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340 Egypt - Dynasty 0 Absent Inferred 3300 BCE  3100 BCE
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341 Egypt - Dynasty I Absent Inferred 3100 BCE  2900 BCE
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342 Egypt - Dynasty II Present Confident 2900 BCE  2687 BCE
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343 Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom Absent Inferred 2650 BCE  2350 BCE
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344 Egypt - Late Old Kingdom Absent Inferred 2350 BCE  2150 BCE
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345 Egypt - Period of the Regions Present Confident 2150 BCE  2016 BCE
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346 Egypt - Middle Kingdom Present Confident 2016 BCE  1700 BCE
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347 Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period Absent Inferred 1720 BCE  1567 BCE
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348 Egypt - Kushite Period Absent Confident 747 BCE  656 BCE
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349 Oaxaca - Tierras Largas Unknown Suspected 1400 BCE  1150 BCE
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350 Oaxaca - San Jose Unknown Suspected 1150 BCE  700 BCE
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351 Oaxaca - Rosario Unknown Suspected 700 BCE  500 BCE
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352 Early Monte Alban I Absent Confident 500 BCE  300 BCE
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353 Monte Alban Late I Absent Confident 300 BCE  100 BCE
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354 Monte Alban II Absent Confident 100 BCE  200 CE
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355 Monte Alban III Absent Confident 200 CE  500 CE
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356 Monte Alban IIIB and IV Absent Confident 500 CE  900 CE
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357 Monte Alban V Present Inferred 900 CE  1520 CE
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358 Neolithic Yemen Unknown Suspected 3500 BCE  1201 BCE
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359 Yemen - Late Bronze Age Absent Inferred 1200 BCE  801 BCE
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360 Sabaean Commonwealth Absent Inferred 800 BCE  451 BCE
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361 Qatabanian Commonwealth Absent Inferred 450 BCE  111 BCE
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362 Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan Unknown Suspected 110 BCE  149 CE
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363 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty Unknown Suspected 1637 CE  1805 CE
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364 Peiligang Absent Inferred 7000 BCE  5001 BCE
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365 Republic of Venice III Unknown Suspected 1204 CE  1563 CE
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366 Republic of Venice IV Unknown Suspected 1564 CE  1797 CE
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367 British Empire II Unknown Suspected 1850 CE  1968 CE
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