# | Polity | Coded Value | Tags | Year(s) | Edit | Desc |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic | absent | Confident | 5500 BCE 4000 BCE | ||
2 | Badarian | absent | Confident | 4400 BCE 3800 BCE | ||
3 | Egypt - Dynasty I | absent | Confident | 3100 BCE 2900 BCE | ||
"The soldiers of the Old and Middle Kingdom wore no armour. In the Old Kingdom they are usually depicted wearing only a belt and a small triangular loincloth, and by the Middle Kingdom their costume was invariably the same short linen kilt as that worn by civilian workmen. [...] From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers’ only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame."
[1]
[1]: (Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. Egyptian Warfare and Weapons. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF. |
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4 | Kingdom of Lydia | absent | Confident | 670 BCE 546 BCE | ||
5 | Egypt - Dynasty II | absent | Confident | 2900 BCE 2687 BCE | ||
"The soldiers of the Old and Middle Kingdom wore no armour. In the Old Kingdom they are usually depicted wearing only a belt and a small triangular loincloth, and by the Middle Kingdom their costume was invariably the same short linen kilt as that worn by civilian workmen. [...] From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers’ only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame."
[1]
[1]: (Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. Egyptian Warfare and Weapons. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF. |
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6 | Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period | absent | Inferred | 404 BCE 342 BCE | ||
In the New Kingdom mail coats were made out of bronze developed for charioteers. Evidence from a scene from the tomb of Kenamun. Colour of painting suggests bronze used for scales.
[1]
Is Hoffmeier referring to chainmail or coats with scales? Code assumes the latter. "the Egyptians had been using bronze armor since the Eighteenth dynasty, "but it consisted of nothing more elaborate than metal scales sewn onto a leather base."
[2]
[1]: (Hoffmeier 2001) [2]: (Fischer-Bovet 2014, 135-138) Fischer-Bovet (2014) Army and Society in Ptolemaic Egypt. Cambridge University Press |
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7 | Egypt - Middle Kingdom | absent | Confident | 2016 BCE 1700 BCE | ||
"The soldiers of the Old and Middle Kingdom wore no armour. In the Old Kingdom they are usually depicted wearing only a belt and a small triangular loincloth, and by the Middle Kingdom their costume was invariably the same short linen kilt as that worn by civilian workmen. [...] From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers’ only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame."
[1]
[1]: (Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. Egyptian Warfare and Weapons. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF. |
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8 | Naqada II | absent | Confident | 3550 BCE 3300 BCE | ||
Iron chain mail not introduced until the third century BCE, probably by Celtic peoples.
[1]
"From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers’ only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame."
[2]
[2]
[1]: (Gabriel 2002, 21) Richard A Gabriel. 2002. The Great Armies of Antiquity. Praeger. Westport. [2]: (Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. Egyptian Warfare and Weapons. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF. |
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9 | Egypt - Dynasty 0 | absent | Confident | 3300 BCE 3100 BCE | ||
"From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers’ only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame."
[1]
[1]
[1]: (Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. Egyptian Warfare and Weapons. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF. |
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10 | Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period | absent | Confident | 1293 BCE 1070 BCE | ||
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11 | Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom | absent | Confident | 2650 BCE 2350 BCE | ||
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12 | Egypt - Late Old Kingdom | absent | Confident | 2350 BCE 2150 BCE | ||
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13 | Egypt - Period of the Regions | absent | Confident | 2150 BCE 2016 BCE | ||
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14 | Hatti - New Kingdom | absent | Confident | 1400 BCE 1180 BCE | ||
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15 | Egypt - Saite Period | absent | Inferred | 664 BCE 525 BCE | ||
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16 | Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period | absent | Inferred | 1069 BCE 747 BCE | ||
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17 | Spanish Empire I | absent | Inferred | 1516 CE 1715 CE | ||
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18 | Atlantic Complex | absent | Confident | 2200 BCE 1000 BCE | ||
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19 | French Kingdom - Early Bourbon | absent | Confident | 1589 CE 1660 CE | ||
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20 | French Kingdom - Late Bourbon | absent | Confident | 1660 CE 1815 CE | ||
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21 | Naqada I | absent | Confident | 3800 BCE 3550 BCE | ||
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22 | Hawaii I | absent | Confident | 1000 CE 1200 CE | ||
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23 | Hawaii II | absent | Confident | 1200 CE 1580 CE | ||
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24 | Iban - Pre-Brooke | absent | Confident | 1650 CE 1841 CE | ||
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25 | Kansai - Kofun Period | absent | Inferred | 250 CE 537 CE | ||
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26 | Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial | absent | Confident | 1841 CE 1987 CE | ||
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27 | Sakha - Late | absent | Confident | 1632 CE 1900 CE | ||
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28 | Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic | absent | Confident | 7500 BCE 5500 BCE | ||
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29 | Canaan | absent | Confident | 2000 BCE 1175 BCE | ||
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30 | Yisrael | absent | Confident | 1030 BCE 722 BCE | ||
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31 | Early A'chik | absent | Confident | 1775 CE 1867 CE | ||
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32 | Ashanti Empire | absent | Confident | 1701 CE 1895 CE | ||
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33 | Hawaii III | absent | Confident | 1580 CE 1778 CE | ||
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34 | Japan - Final Jomon | absent | Confident | 1200 BCE 300 BCE | ||
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35 | Late A'chik | absent | Confident | 1867 CE 1956 CE | ||
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36 | Japan - Middle Jomon | absent | Confident | 3500 BCE 2500 BCE | ||
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37 | Akkadian Empire | absent | Confident | 2270 BCE 2083 BCE | ||
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38 | Yehuda | absent | Inferred | 141 BCE 63 BCE | ||
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39 | Cuzco - Late Formative | absent | Confident | 500 BCE 200 CE | ||
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40 | Kachi Plain - Urban Period I | absent | Confident | 2500 BCE 2100 BCE | ||
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41 | Ubaid | absent | Confident | 5500 BCE 4201 BCE | ||
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42 | Cuzco - Late Intermediate II | absent | Confident | 1250 CE 1400 CE | ||
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43 | Asuka | absent | Inferred | 538 CE 710 CE | ||
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44 | Deccan - Neolithic | absent | Inferred | 2700 BCE 1200 BCE | ||
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45 | Susiana - Late Ubaid | absent | Confident | 4700 BCE 4300 BCE | ||
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46 | Latium - Bronze Age | absent | Confident | 1800 BCE 900 BCE | ||
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47 | Bazi Dynasty | absent | Confident | 1005 BCE 986 BCE | ||
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48 | Latium - Copper Age | absent | Confident | 3600 BCE 1800 BCE | ||
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49 | Latium - Iron Age | absent | Confident | 1000 BCE 580 BCE | ||
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50 | Papal States - Early Modern Period I | absent | Confident | 1527 CE 1648 CE | ||
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51 | Papal States - Early Modern Period II | absent | Confident | 1648 CE 1809 CE | ||
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52 | Phrygian Kingdom | absent | Confident | 900 BCE 695 BCE | ||
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53 | Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic | absent | Confident | 5500 BCE 3000 BCE | ||
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54 | Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II | absent | Confident | 1500 BCE 1400 BCE | ||
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55 | Chuuk - Early Truk | absent | Confident | 1775 CE 1886 CE | ||
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56 | Deccan - Iron Age | absent | Inferred | 1200 BCE 300 BCE | ||
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57 | Chuuk - Late Truk | absent | Confident | 1886 CE 1948 CE | ||
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58 | British Empire II | absent | Confident | 1850 CE 1968 CE | ||
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59 | Mahajanapada era | absent | Confident | 600 BCE 324 BCE | ||
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60 | Dynasty of E | absent | Confident | 979 BCE 732 BCE | ||
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61 | Second Dynasty of Isin | absent | Confident | 1153 BCE 1027 BCE | ||
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62 | Isin-Larsa | absent | Confident | 2004 BCE 1763 BCE | ||
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63 | Achaemenid Empire | absent | Confident | 550 BCE 331 BCE | ||
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64 | Akan - Pre-Ashanti | absent | Confident | 1501 CE 1701 CE | ||
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65 | Cuzco - Early Intermediate II | absent | Confident | 500 CE 649 CE | ||
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66 | Neo-Assyrian Empire | absent | Confident | 911 BCE 612 BCE | ||
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67 | Formative Period | absent | Confident | 7200 BCE 7000 BCE | ||
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68 | Ur - Dynasty III | absent | Confident | 2112 BCE 2004 BCE | ||
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69 | Susiana - Early Ubaid | absent | Confident | 5100 BCE 4700 BCE | ||
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70 | Elam - Kidinuid Period | absent | Confident | 1500 BCE 1400 BCE | ||
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71 | Elam - Shutrukid Period | absent | Confident | 1199 BCE 1100 BCE | ||
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72 | Elam I | absent | Confident | 900 BCE 744 BCE | ||
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73 | Elam II | absent | Confident | 743 BCE 647 BCE | ||
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74 | Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar | absent | Confident | 7000 BCE 6000 BCE | ||
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75 | Elam - Awan Dynasty I | absent | Inferred | 2675 BCE 2100 BCE | ||
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76 | Elam - Crisis Period | absent | Confident | 1100 BCE 900 BCE | ||
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77 | Susiana A | absent | Confident | 6000 BCE 5700 BCE | ||
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78 | Susiana B | absent | Confident | 5700 BCE 5100 BCE | ||
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79 | Elam - Igihalkid Period | absent | Confident | 1399 BCE 1200 BCE | ||
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80 | Pre-Ceramic Period | absent | Confident | 7800 BCE 7200 BCE | ||
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81 | Elam - Shimashki Period | absent | Confident | 2028 BCE 1940 BCE | ||
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82 | Elam - Late Sukkalmah | absent | Confident | 1700 BCE 1500 BCE | ||
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83 | Susa III | absent | Confident | 3100 BCE 2675 BCE | ||
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84 | Archaic Crete | absent | Confident | 710 BCE 500 BCE | ||
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85 | Elam - Early Sukkalmah | absent | Confident | 1900 BCE 1701 BCE | ||
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86 | Susa I | absent | Confident | 4300 BCE 3800 BCE | ||
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87 | Susa II | absent | Inferred | 3800 BCE 3100 BCE | ||
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88 | Early Roman Republic | absent | Confident | 509 BCE 300 BCE | ||
89 | Kachi Plain - Urban Period II | absent | Confident | 2100 BCE 1800 BCE | ||
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90 | Classical Crete | absent | Confident | 500 BCE 323 BCE | ||
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91 | Final Postpalatial Crete | absent | Confident | 1200 BCE 1000 BCE | ||
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92 | Roman Kingdom | absent | Confident | 716 BCE 509 BCE | ||
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93 | Geometric Crete | absent | Confident | 1000 BCE 710 BCE | ||
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94 | Monopalatial Crete | absent | Confident | 1450 BCE 1300 BCE | ||
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95 | Jenne-jeno I | absent | Confident | 250 BCE 49 CE | ||
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96 | Jenne-jeno II | absent | Confident | 50 CE 399 CE | ||
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97 | Jenne-jeno III | absent | Confident | 400 CE 899 CE | ||
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98 | Neolithic Crete | absent | Confident | 7000 BCE 3000 BCE | ||
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99 | Jenne-jeno IV | absent | Confident Uncertain | 900 CE 1300 CE | ||
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100 | Cuzco - Early Intermediate I | absent | Confident | 200 CE 499 CE | ||
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101 | Toltecs | absent | Confident | 900 CE 1199 CE | ||
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102 | Oaxaca - San Jose | absent | Confident | 1150 BCE 700 BCE | ||
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103 | Oaxaca - Rosario | absent | Confident | 700 BCE 500 BCE | ||
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104 | Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico | absent | Confident | 1200 CE 1426 CE | ||
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105 | Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico | absent | Confident | 100 BCE 99 CE | ||
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106 | Late Formative Basin of Mexico | absent | Confident | 400 BCE 101 BCE | ||
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107 | Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial | absent | Confident | 1734 CE 1883 CE | ||
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108 | Orokaiva - Colonial | absent | Confident | 1884 CE 1942 CE | ||
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109 | Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period | absent | Confident | 3200 BCE 2500 BCE | ||
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110 | Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period | absent | Confident | 1300 BCE 500 BCE | ||
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111 | New Palace Crete | absent | Confident | 1700 BCE 1450 BCE | ||
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112 | Old Palace Crete | absent | Confident | 1900 BCE 1700 BCE | ||
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113 | Japan - Incipient Jomon | absent | Confident | 13600 BCE 9200 BCE | ||
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114 | Japan - Initial Jomon | absent | Confident | 9200 BCE 5300 BCE | ||
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115 | Japan - Early Jomon | absent | Confident | 5300 BCE 3500 BCE | ||
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116 | Japan - Late Jomon | absent | Confident | 2500 BCE 1200 BCE | ||
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117 | Postpalatial Crete | absent | Confident | 1300 BCE 1200 BCE | ||
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118 | Monte Alban V | absent | Confident | 900 CE 1520 CE | ||
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119 | Monte Alban IIIB and IV | absent | Confident | 500 CE 900 CE | ||
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120 | Monte Alban III | absent | Confident | 200 CE 500 CE | ||
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121 | Phoenician Empire | absent | Confident | 1200 BCE 332 BCE | ||
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122 | Prepalatial Crete | absent | Confident | 3000 BCE 1900 BCE | ||
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123 | Erligang | absent | Confident | 1650 BCE 1250 BCE | ||
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124 | Egypt - Kushite Period | absent | Inferred | 747 BCE 656 BCE | ||
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125 | Early Monte Alban I | absent | Confident | 500 BCE 300 BCE | ||
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126 | Classic Basin of Mexico | absent | Confident | 100 CE 649 CE | ||
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127 | Oaxaca - Tierras Largas | absent | Confident | 1400 BCE 1150 BCE | ||
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128 | Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic | absent | Confident | 4000 BCE 3200 BCE | ||
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129 | Cuzco - Late Intermediate I | absent | Confident | 1000 CE 1250 CE | ||
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130 | Inca Empire | absent | Confident | 1375 CE 1532 CE | ||
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131 | Wari Empire | absent | Confident | 650 CE 999 CE | ||
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132 | Longshan | absent | Confident | 3000 BCE 1900 BCE | ||
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133 | Early Qing | absent | Confident | 1644 CE 1796 CE | ||
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134 | Sui Dynasty | absent | Inferred | 581 CE 618 CE | ||
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135 | Monte Alban II | absent | Confident | 100 BCE 200 CE | ||
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136 | Tang Dynasty I | absent | Inferred | 617 CE 763 CE | ||
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137 | Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling | absent | Confident | 1055 CE 1199 CE | ||
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138 | Cahokia - Moorehead | absent | Confident | 1200 CE 1275 CE | ||
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139 | Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early | absent | Confident | 1566 CE 1713 CE | ||
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140 | Cahokia - Early Woodland | absent | Confident | 600 BCE 150 BCE | ||
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141 | Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II | absent | Confident | 900 CE 1049 CE | ||
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142 | Cahokia - Late Woodland II | absent | Confident | 450 CE 600 CE | ||
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143 | Cahokia - Middle Woodland | absent | Confident | 150 BCE 300 CE | ||
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144 | Cahokia - Late Woodland III | absent | Confident | 600 CE 750 CE | ||
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145 | Cahokia - Late Woodland I | absent | Confident | 300 CE 450 CE | ||
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146 | Cahokia - Sand Prairie | absent | Confident | 1275 CE 1400 CE | ||
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147 | Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I | absent | Confident | 750 CE 900 CE | ||
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148 | Tang Dynasty II | absent | Inferred | 763 CE 907 CE | ||
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149 | Monte Alban Late I | absent | Confident | 300 BCE 100 BCE | ||
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150 | Neguanje | absent | Confident | 250 CE 1050 CE | ||
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151 | Shuar - Colonial | absent | Confident | 1534 CE 1830 CE | ||
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152 | Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late | absent | Confident | 1714 CE 1848 CE | ||
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153 | Middle Wagadu Empire | absent | Confident Uncertain | 700 CE 1077 CE | ||
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154 | Early Illinois Confederation | absent | Confident | 1640 CE 1717 CE | ||
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155 | Later Wagadu Empire | absent | Confident Uncertain | 1078 CE 1203 CE | ||
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156 | Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period | absent | Confident | 1800 BCE 1300 BCE | ||
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157 | Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age | absent | Confident | 3000 BCE 2000 BCE | ||
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158 | Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia | absent | Confident | 2000 BCE 1700 BCE | ||
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159 | Kansai - Yayoi Period | absent | Inferred | 300 BCE 250 CE | ||
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160 | Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic | absent | Confident | 6000 BCE 5500 BCE | ||
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161 | Hatti - Old Kingdom | absent | Confident | 1650 BCE 1500 BCE | ||
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162 | Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic | absent | Confident | 7000 BCE 6600 BCE | ||
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163 | Konya Plain - Early Neolithic | absent | Confident | 9600 BCE 7000 BCE | ||
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164 | Konya Plain - Late Neolithic | absent | Confident | 6600 BCE 6000 BCE | ||
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165 | Tabal Kingdoms | absent | Confident | 900 BCE 730 BCE | ||
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166 | Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period | absent | Inferred | 1550 BCE 1293 BCE | ||
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167 | Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period | absent | Confident | 1778 CE 1819 CE | ||
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168 | Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period | absent | Confident | 1720 BCE 1567 BCE | ||
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169 | Neo-Hittite Kingdoms | absent | Confident | 1180 BCE 900 BCE | ||
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170 | Beaker Culture | absent | Confident | 3200 BCE 2000 BCE | ||
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171 | Erlitou | absent | Confident | 1850 BCE 1600 BCE | ||
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172 | Jin | absent | Inferred | 780 BCE 404 BCE | ||
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173 | Elam III | absent | Confident | 612 BCE 539 BCE | ||
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174 | Nara Kingdom | absent | Inferred | 710 CE 794 CE | ||
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175 | Hallstatt A-B1 | absent | Confident | 1000 BCE 900 BCE | ||
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176 | Peiligang | absent | Confident | 7000 BCE 5001 BCE | ||
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177 | Late Shang | absent | Inferred | 1250 BCE 1045 BCE | ||
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178 | Western Zhou | absent | Inferred | 1122 BCE 771 BCE | ||
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179 | Yangshao | absent | Confident | 5000 BCE 3000 BCE | ||
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180 | Tairona | absent | Confident | 1050 CE 1524 CE | ||
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181 | Shuar - Ecuadorian | absent | Confident | 1831 CE 1931 CE | ||
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182 | Yemen Ziyad Dynasty | present | Inferred | 822 CE 1037 CE | ||
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183 | Kidarite Kingdom | present | Confident | 388 CE 477 CE | ||
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184 | Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I | present | Confident | 1260 CE 1348 CE | ||
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185 | Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III | present | Confident | 1412 CE 1517 CE | ||
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186 | Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II | present | Confident | 1348 CE 1412 CE | ||
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187 | Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period | present | Inferred | 868 CE 969 CE | ||
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188 | Middle Merovingian | present | Confident | 543 CE 687 CE | ||
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189 | The Emirate of Crete | present | Confident | 824 CE 961 CE | ||
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190 | Hellenistic Crete | present | Confident | 323 BCE 69 BCE | ||
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191 | Exarchate of Ravenna | present | Confident | 568 CE 751 CE | ||
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192 | Mataram Sultanate | present | Confident | 1568 CE 1755 CE | ||
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193 | Yehuda | present | Inferred | 141 BCE 63 BCE | ||
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194 | Hoysala Kingdom | present | Inferred | 1108 CE 1346 CE | ||
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195 | Kampili Kingdom | present | Inferred | 1280 CE 1327 CE | ||
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196 | Mughal Empire | present | Confident | 1526 CE 1858 CE | ||
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197 | Seljuk Sultanate | present | Confident | 1037 CE 1157 CE | ||
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198 | Ostrogothic Kingdom | present | Confident | 489 CE 554 CE | ||
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199 | Papal States - Renaissance Period | present | Confident | 1378 CE 1527 CE | ||
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200 | Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity | present | Confident | 395 CE 476 CE | ||
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201 | Republic of St Peter I | present | Confident | 711 CE 904 CE | ||
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202 | Jenne-jeno IV | present | Confident Uncertain | 900 CE 1300 CE | ||
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203 | Roman Empire - Principate | present | Confident | 31 BCE 284 CE | ||
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204 | Heian | present | Confident | 794 CE 1185 CE | ||
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205 | Kara-Khanids | present | Inferred | 950 CE 1212 CE | ||
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206 | Mongol Empire | present | Confident | 1206 CE 1368 CE | ||
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207 | Early Mongols | present | Confident | 1000 CE 1206 CE | ||
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208 | Zungharian Empire | present | Confident | 1670 CE 1757 CE | ||
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209 | Kingdom of Norway II | present | Confident | 1262 CE 1396 CE | ||
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210 | Indo-Greek Kingdom | present | Inferred | 180 BCE 10 BCE | ||
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211 | Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period | present | Confident | 854 CE 1193 CE | ||
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212 | Sind - Samma Dynasty | present | Confident | 1335 CE 1521 CE | ||
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213 | Ottoman Empire III | present | Confident | 1683 CE 1839 CE | ||
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214 | Koktepe I | present | Inferred | 1400 BCE 1000 BCE | ||
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215 | Ghur Principality | present | Confident | 1025 CE 1215 CE | ||
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216 | Hephthalites | present | Confident | 408 CE 561 CE | ||
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217 | Kushan Empire | present | Confident | 35 CE 319 CE | ||
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218 | Sakha - Early | present | Inferred | 1400 CE 1632 CE | ||
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219 | Ottoman Empire I | present | Confident | 1402 CE 1517 CE | ||
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220 | Roman Empire - Dominate | present | Confident | 285 CE 394 CE | ||
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221 | Himyar I | present | Confident | 270 CE 340 CE | ||
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222 | Tocharians | present | Inferred | 129 BCE 29 CE | ||
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223 | Western Jin | present | Confident | 265 CE 317 CE | ||
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224 | Great Ming | present | Inferred | 1368 CE 1644 CE | ||
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225 | Northern Wei | present | Confident | 386 CE 534 CE | ||
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226 | Ayyubid Sultanate | present | Confident | 1171 CE 1250 CE | ||
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227 | Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty | present | Inferred | 730 CE 1030 CE | ||
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228 | Early Merovingian | present | Confident | 481 CE 543 CE | ||
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229 | Proto-French Kingdom | present | Confident | 987 CE 1150 CE | ||
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230 | French Kingdom - Late Capetian | present | Confident | 1150 CE 1328 CE | ||
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231 | Carolingian Empire I | present | Confident | 752 CE 840 CE | ||
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232 | Carolingian Empire II | present | Confident | 840 CE 987 CE | ||
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233 | Proto-Carolingian | present | Confident | 687 CE 751 CE | ||
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234 | La Tene B2-C1 | present | Confident | 325 BCE 175 BCE | ||
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235 | La Tene C2-D | present | Confident | 175 BCE 27 BCE | ||
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236 | French Kingdom - Early Valois | present | Confident | 1328 CE 1450 CE | ||
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237 | French Kingdom - Late Valois | present | Confident | 1450 CE 1589 CE | ||
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238 | Kediri Kingdom | present | Inferred | 1049 CE 1222 CE | ||
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239 | Medang Kingdom | present | Inferred | 732 CE 1019 CE | ||
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240 | Kingdom of Ayodhya | present | Inferred | 64 BCE 34 CE | ||
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241 | Chalukyas of Badami | present | Inferred | 543 CE 753 CE | ||
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242 | Chalukyas of Kalyani | present | Inferred | 973 CE 1189 CE | ||
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243 | Delhi Sultanate | present | Confident | 1206 CE 1526 CE | ||
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244 | Gahadavala Dynasty | present | Inferred | 1085 CE 1193 CE | ||
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245 | Gupta Empire | present | Inferred | 320 CE 550 CE | ||
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246 | Kadamba Empire | present | Inferred | 345 CE 550 CE | ||
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247 | Kannauj - Varman Dynasty | present | Confident | 650 CE 780 CE | ||
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248 | Magadha | present | Inferred | 450 CE 605 CE | ||
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249 | Magadha - Maurya Empire | present | Confident | 324 BCE 187 BCE | ||
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250 | Rashtrakuta Empire | present | Inferred | 753 CE 973 CE | ||
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251 | Satavahana Empire | present | Inferred | 100 BCE 200 CE | ||
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252 | Vakataka Kingdom | present | Inferred | 255 CE 550 CE | ||
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253 | Abbasid Caliphate I | present | Confident | 750 CE 946 CE | ||
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254 | Abbasid Caliphate II | present | Confident | 1191 CE 1258 CE | ||
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255 | Qajar | present | Inferred | 1794 CE 1925 CE | ||
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256 | Ak Koyunlu | present | Confident | 1339 CE 1501 CE | ||
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257 | Buyid Confederation | present | Confident | 932 CE 1062 CE | ||
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258 | Elymais II | present | Inferred | 25 CE 215 CE | ||
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259 | Ilkhanate | present | Confident | 1256 CE 1339 CE | ||
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260 | Parthian Empire I | present | Confident | 247 BCE 40 CE | ||
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261 | Parthian Empire II | present | Confident | 41 CE 226 CE | ||
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262 | Safavid Empire | present | Confident | 1501 CE 1722 CE | ||
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263 | Byzantine Empire I | present | Confident | 632 CE 866 CE | ||
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264 | Sasanid Empire I | present | Confident | 205 CE 487 CE | ||
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265 | Sasanid Empire II | present | Confident | 488 CE 642 CE | ||
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266 | Seleucids | present | Confident | 312 BCE 63 BCE | ||
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267 | Icelandic Commonwealth | present | Inferred | 930 CE 1200 CE | ||
[Chainmail was well known in Viking Age Scandinavia although expensive and rare. Should be at least ‘inferred present’ even before 1200.]
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268 | Icelandic Commonwealth | present | Confident | 1201 CE 1262 CE | ||
[Chainmail was well known in Viking Age Scandinavia although expensive and rare. Should be at least ‘inferred present’ even before 1200.]
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269 | Rome - Republic of St Peter II | present | Confident | 904 CE 1198 CE | ||
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270 | Papal States - High Medieval Period | present | Confident | 1198 CE 1309 CE | ||
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271 | Late Roman Republic | present | Confident | 133 BCE 31 BCE | ||
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272 | Middle Roman Republic | present | Confident | 264 BCE 133 BCE | ||
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273 | Republic of Venice III | present | Confident | 1204 CE 1563 CE | ||
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274 | Classical Angkor | present | Confident | 1100 CE 1220 CE | ||
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275 | Republic of Venice IV | present | Confident | 1564 CE 1797 CE | ||
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276 | Ashikaga Shogunate | present | Confident | 1336 CE 1467 CE | ||
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277 | Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama | present | Confident | 1568 CE 1603 CE | ||
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278 | Early Angkor | present | Confident | 802 CE 1100 CE | ||
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279 | Ottoman Emirate | present | Confident | 1299 CE 1402 CE | ||
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280 | Kamakura Shogunate | present | Confident | 1185 CE 1333 CE | ||
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281 | Bamana kingdom | present | Inferred | 1712 CE 1861 CE | ||
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282 | Warring States Japan | present | Confident | 1467 CE 1568 CE | ||
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283 | Tokugawa Shogunate | present | Confident | 1603 CE 1868 CE | ||
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284 | Western Turk Khaganate | present | Inferred | 582 CE 630 CE | ||
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285 | Late Angkor | present | Confident | 1220 CE 1432 CE | ||
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286 | Khmer Kingdom | present | Confident | 1432 CE 1594 CE | ||
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287 | Saadi Sultanate | present | Confident | 1554 CE 1659 CE | ||
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288 | Mali Empire | present | Inferred | 1230 CE 1410 CE | ||
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289 | Segou Kingdom | present | Inferred | 1650 CE 1712 CE | ||
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290 | Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty | present | Confident | 1493 CE 1591 CE | ||
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291 | Xianbei Confederation | present | Inferred | 100 CE 250 CE | ||
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292 | Early Xiongnu | present | Inferred | 1400 BCE 300 BCE | ||
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293 | Late Xiongnu | present | Inferred | 60 BCE 100 CE | ||
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294 | Xiongnu Imperial Confederation | present | Inferred | 209 BCE 60 BCE | ||
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295 | Later Wagadu Empire | present | Confident Uncertain | 1078 CE 1203 CE | ||
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296 | Middle Wagadu Empire | present | Confident Uncertain | 700 CE 1077 CE | ||
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297 | Umayyad Caliphate | present | Confident | 661 CE 750 CE | ||
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298 | Fatimid Caliphate | present | Confident | 909 CE 1171 CE | ||
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299 | Byzantine Empire II | present | Confident | 867 CE 1072 CE | ||
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300 | Byzantine Empire III | present | Confident | 1073 CE 1204 CE | ||
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301 | East Roman Empire | present | Confident | 395 CE 631 CE | ||
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302 | Lysimachus Kingdom | present | Inferred | 323 BCE 281 BCE | ||
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303 | Ottoman Empire II | present | Confident | 1517 CE 1683 CE | ||
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304 | Rum Sultanate | present | Confident | 1077 CE 1307 CE | ||
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305 | Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty | present | Confident | 1454 CE 1517 CE | ||
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306 | Chagatai Khanate | present | Confident | 1263 CE 1402 CE | ||
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307 | Khanate of Bukhara | present | Inferred | 1599 CE 1747 CE | ||
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308 | Samanid Empire | present | Inferred | 819 CE 999 CE | ||
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309 | Sogdiana - City-States Period | present | Confident | 604 CE 711 CE | ||
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310 | Timurid Empire | present | Confident | 1370 CE 1526 CE | ||
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311 | Himyar II | present | Confident | 378 CE 525 CE | ||
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312 | Rasulid Dynasty | present | Inferred | 1229 CE 1453 CE | ||
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313 | Yemen - Era of Warlords | present | Inferred | 1038 CE 1174 CE | ||
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314 | Uigur Khaganate | unknown | Suspected | 745 CE 840 CE | ||
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315 | Second Turk Khaganate | unknown | Suspected | 682 CE 744 CE | ||
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316 | Shiwei | unknown | Suspected | 600 CE 1000 CE | ||
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317 | Early Roman Republic | unknown | Suspected | 299 BCE 264 BCE | ||
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318 | Rouran Khaganate | unknown | Suspected | 300 CE 555 CE | ||
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319 | Late Mongols | unknown | Suspected | 1368 CE 1690 CE | ||
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320 | Post-Mauryan Kingdoms | unknown | Suspected | 205 BCE 101 BCE | ||
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321 | Khitan I | unknown | Suspected | 907 CE 1125 CE | ||
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322 | Majapahit Kingdom | unknown | Suspected | 1292 CE 1518 CE | ||
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323 | Java - Buni Culture | unknown | Suspected | 400 BCE 500 CE | ||
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324 | Eastern Turk Khaganate | unknown | Suspected | 583 CE 630 CE | ||
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325 | La Tene A-B1 | unknown | Suspected | 475 BCE 325 BCE | ||
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326 | Vijayanagara Empire | unknown | Suspected | 1336 CE 1646 CE | ||
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327 | Uruk | unknown | Suspected | 4000 BCE 2900 BCE | ||
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328 | Hallstatt B2-3 | unknown | Suspected | 900 BCE 700 BCE | ||
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329 | Northern Song | unknown | Suspected | 960 CE 1127 CE | ||
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330 | Early Dynastic | unknown | Suspected | 2900 BCE 2500 BCE | ||
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331 | Kalingga Kingdom | unknown | Suspected | 500 CE 732 CE | ||
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332 | Hallstatt D | unknown | Suspected | 600 BCE 475 BCE | ||
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333 | Late Cappadocia | unknown | Suspected | 330 BCE 16 CE | ||
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||||||
334 | Hmong - Late Qing | unknown | Suspected | 1701 CE 1895 CE | ||
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|
||||||
335 | Hmong - Early Chinese | unknown | Suspected | 1895 CE 1941 CE | ||
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||||||
336 | Koktepe II | unknown | Suspected | 750 BCE 550 BCE | ||
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337 | Andronovo | unknown | Suspected | 1800 BCE 1200 BCE | ||
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|
||||||
338 | Greco-Bactrian Kingdom | unknown | Suspected | 256 BCE 125 BCE | ||
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|
||||||
339 | Ptolemaic Kingdom II | unknown | Suspected | 217 BCE 30 BCE | ||
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||||||
340 | Late Qing | unknown | Suspected | 1796 CE 1912 CE | ||
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341 | Jin Dynasty | unknown | Suspected | 1115 CE 1234 CE | ||
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342 | Ptolemaic Kingdom I | unknown | Suspected | 305 BCE 217 BCE | ||
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343 | Rattanakosin | unknown | Suspected | 1782 CE 1873 CE | ||
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344 | Ancient Khwarazm | unknown | Suspected | 1000 BCE 521 BCE | ||
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345 | Great Yuan | unknown | Suspected | 1271 CE 1368 CE | ||
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346 | Western Han Empire | unknown | Suspected | 202 BCE 9 CE | ||
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347 | Eastern Han Empire | unknown | Suspected | 25 CE 220 CE | ||
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348 | Ayutthaya | unknown | Suspected | 1593 CE 1767 CE | ||
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349 | Early Wei Dynasty | unknown | Suspected | 445 BCE 225 BCE | ||
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350 | Hallstatt C | unknown | Suspected | 700 BCE 600 BCE | ||
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351 | Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty | unknown | Suspected | 1637 CE 1805 CE | ||
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352 | Sarazm | unknown | Suspected | 3500 BCE 2000 BCE | ||
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353 | Funan II | unknown | Suspected | 540 CE 640 CE | ||
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354 | Funan I | unknown | Suspected | 225 CE 540 CE | ||
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355 | Chenla | unknown | Suspected | 550 CE 825 CE | ||
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