Section: Social Complexity
Subsection: Forms of money

Foreign Coin

NO Descriptions IN Codebook  
Contributors: Jenny, Majid, Peter

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition
foreign_coin The absence or presence of foreign coin for a polity.

# Polity   Year(s)   Foreign Coin   Confidence     Disputed?     Expert?   Edit
1
Phoenician Empire
1200 BCE 599 BCE
absent
Confident No Edit
2
Kingdom of Lydia
600 BCE
absent
Inferred No Edit
3
Phoenician Empire
598 BCE 332 BCE
present
Confident No Edit
4
Mossi
1100 CE 1750 CE
unknown
Suspected No Edit
5
Kingdom of Sine
1350 CE 1549 CE
unknown
Suspected No Edit
6
Kingdom of Saloum
1490 CE 1549 CE
unknown
Suspected No Edit
7
Kingdom of Saloum
1550 CE 1863 CE
present
Inferred No Edit
8
Kingdom of Sine
1550 CE 1887 CE
present
Inferred No Edit
9
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
1714 CE 1790 CE
absent
Confident No Edit
10
Mossi
1751 CE 1897 CE
absent
Confident No Edit
11
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
1791 CE 1844 CE
present
Confident No Edit
12
Naqada II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
13
Egypt - Dynasty 0
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
14
Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
15
Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
16
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
17
Ptolemaic Kingdom I
-
present
Confident No Edit
18
Ptolemaic Kingdom II
-
present
Confident No Edit
19
Egypt - Period of the Regions
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
20
Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
21
Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
22
Beaker Culture
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
23
French Kingdom - Late Bourbon
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
24
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
25
Hallstatt A-B1
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
26
Hallstatt B2-3
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
27
Hallstatt C
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
28
French Kingdom - Late Valois
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
29
Final Postpalatial Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
30
Monopalatial Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
31
Neolithic Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
32
Old Palace Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
33
Postpalatial Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
34
Prepalatial Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
35
Abbasid Caliphate I
-
present
Confident No Edit
36
Akkadian Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
37
Early Dynastic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
38
Ubaid
-
absent
Confident No Edit
39
Ur - Dynasty III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
40
Uruk
-
absent
Confident No Edit
41
Achaemenid Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
42
Ilkhanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
43
Elam I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
44
Sasanid Empire I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
45
Elam - Shimashki Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
46
Anglo-Saxon England I
-
present
Confident No Edit
47
Napoleonic France
-
absent
Confident No Edit
48
Us Reconstruction-Progressive
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
49
Antebellum US
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
50
Saffarid Caliphate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
51
Kushan Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
52
Eastern Han Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
53
Erligang
-
absent
Confident No Edit
54
Erlitou
-
absent
Confident No Edit
55
Hmong - Early Chinese
-
present
Confident No Edit
56
Hmong - Late Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
57
Longshan
-
absent
Confident No Edit
58
Early Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
59
Yangshao
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
60
Shuar - Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
61
Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
62
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
63
Egypt - Saite Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
64
Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
65
Atlantic Complex
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
66
Carolingian Empire I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
67
Carolingian Empire II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
68
Early Merovingian
-
present
Confident No Edit
69
Akan - Pre-Ashanti
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
70
Ashanti Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
71
Classical Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
72
Hawaii III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
73
Iban - Pre-Brooke
-
absent
Confident No Edit
74
British Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
75
Deccan - Neolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
76
Abbasid Caliphate II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
77
Isin-Larsa
-
absent
Confident No Edit
78
Neo-Assyrian Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
79
Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar
-
absent
Confident No Edit
80
Elam - Awan Dynasty I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
81
Formative Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
82
Susiana A
-
absent
Confident No Edit
83
Susiana B
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
84
Susiana - Late Ubaid
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
85
Susiana - Early Ubaid
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
86
Pre-Ceramic Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
87
Susa I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
88
Susa II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
89
Susa III
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
90
Ostrogothic Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
91
Papal States - Early Modern Period II
-
present
Confident No Edit
92
Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity
-
present
Inferred No Edit
93
Majapahit Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
94
Delhi Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
95
Magadha - Maurya Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
96
Satavahana Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
97
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
98
Latium - Bronze Age
-
absent
Confident No Edit
99
Papal States - High Medieval Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
100
Papal States - Renaissance Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
101
Late Roman Republic
-
present
Confident No Edit
102
Republic of St Peter I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
103
Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama
-
present
Confident No Edit
104
Tokugawa Shogunate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
105
Andronovo
-
absent
Confident No Edit
106
Saadi Sultanate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
107
Jenne-jeno I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
108
Jenne-jeno II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
109
Jenne-jeno III
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
110
Early Mongols
-
absent
Confident No Edit
111
Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
112
Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
113
Sakha - Early
-
absent
Confident No Edit
114
Egypt - Kushite Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
115
Sarazm
-
absent
Confident No Edit
116
Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
117
Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
118
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
119
Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
120
Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
121
East Roman Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
122
Hatti - New Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
123
Hatti - Old Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
124
Eastern Turk Khaganate
-
present
Confident No Edit
125
Khitan I
-
present
Confident No Edit
126
Mongol Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
127
Late Mongols
-
present
Inferred No Edit
128
Shiwei
-
absent
Confident No Edit
129
Second Turk Khaganate
-
present
Confident No Edit
130
Xianbei Confederation
-
absent
Confident No Edit
131
Late Xiongnu
-
absent
Confident No Edit
132
Zungharian Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
133
Monte Alban III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
134
Oaxaca - Rosario
-
absent
Confident No Edit
135
Kingdom of Norway II
-
present
Confident No Edit
136
Rashtrakuta Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
137
Cuzco - Early Intermediate II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
138
Wari Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
139
Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
140
Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
141
Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
142
Sind - Samma Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
143
Sakha - Late
-
present
Confident No Edit
144
Umayyad Caliphate
-
present
Confident No Edit
145
Rattanakosin
-
present
Confident No Edit
146
Fatimid Caliphate
-
present
Confident No Edit
147
Byzantine Empire II
-
present
Confident No Edit
148
Timurid Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
149
Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
150
Konya Plain - Early Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
151
Konya Plain - Late Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
152
Rasulid Dynasty
-
present
Inferred No Edit
153
Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling
-
absent
Confident No Edit
154
Cahokia - Moorehead
-
absent
Confident No Edit
155
Cahokia - Early Woodland
-
absent
Confident No Edit
156
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
157
Cahokia - Late Woodland II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
158
Cahokia - Middle Woodland
-
absent
Confident No Edit
159
Cahokia - Late Woodland III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
160
Cahokia - Late Woodland I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
161
Cahokia - Sand Prairie
-
absent
Confident No Edit
162
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
163
Oneota
-
absent
Confident No Edit
164
Khanate of Bukhara
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
165
Koktepe I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
166
Koktepe II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
167
Himyar I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
168
Himyar II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
169
Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
170
Durrani Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
171
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
172
Hephthalites
-
present
Confident No Edit
173
Kidarite Kingdom
-
present
Inferred No Edit
174
Spanish Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
175
Vijayanagara Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
176
Tocharians
-
present
Confident No Edit
177
Jin
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
178
Great Ming
-
present
Confident No Edit
179
Northern Wei
-
present
Confident No Edit
180
Ottoman Emirate
-
present
Confident No Edit
181
Ottoman Empire II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
182
Tabal Kingdoms
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
183
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
-
absent
Confident No Edit
184
Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
185
Late Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
186
Late Shang
-
absent
Confident No Edit
187
Western Zhou
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
188
Shuar - Ecuadorian
-
present
Confident No Edit
189
Ayyubid Sultanate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
190
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
191
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
-
present
Inferred No Edit
192
Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
193
Axum I
-
present
Confident No Edit
194
Chuuk - Early Truk
-
absent
Confident No Edit
195
Hawaii II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
196
Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial
-
present
Confident No Edit
197
Chuuk - Late Truk
-
present
Confident No Edit
198
Proto-French Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
199
Hallstatt D
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
200
Middle Merovingian
-
present
Confident No Edit
201
La Tene A-B1
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
202
La Tene B2-C1
-
present
Inferred No Edit
203
La Tene C2-D
-
present
Confident No Edit
204
Mahajanapada era
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
205
Mughal Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
206
British Empire II
-
present
Confident No Edit
207
Archaic Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
208
The Emirate of Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
209
Geometric Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
210
Hellenistic Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
211
Hawaii I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
212
Canaan
-
absent
Confident No Edit
213
Yehuda
-
present
Confident No Edit
214
Yisrael
-
absent
Confident No Edit
215
Early A'chik
-
absent
Confident No Edit
216
Late A'chik
-
present
Confident No Edit
217
Early Xiongnu
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
218
Kassite Babylonia
-
absent
Confident No Edit
219
Bazi Dynasty
-
absent
Confident No Edit
220
Seleucids
-
present
Confident No Edit
221
Dynasty of E
-
absent
Confident No Edit
222
Second Dynasty of Isin
-
absent
Confident No Edit
223
Neo-Babylonian Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
224
Ak Koyunlu
-
present
Inferred No Edit
225
Buyid Confederation
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
226
Elam - Crisis Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
227
Xiongnu Imperial Confederation
-
absent
Confident No Edit
228
Elymais II
-
present
Confident No Edit
229
Elam - Kidinuid Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
230
Elam - Igihalkid Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
231
Elam - Shutrukid Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
232
Elam II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
233
Elam III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
234
Safavid Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
235
Sasanid Empire II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
236
Ancient Khwarazm
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
237
Seljuk Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
238
Elam - Late Sukkalmah
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
239
Icelandic Commonwealth
-
present
Confident No Edit
240
Latium - Copper Age
-
absent
Confident No Edit
241
Rome - Republic of St Peter II
-
present
Confident No Edit
242
Papal States - Early Modern Period I
-
present
Confident No Edit
243
Exarchate of Ravenna
-
present
Inferred No Edit
244
Early Roman Republic
-
present
Confident No Edit
245
Middle Roman Republic
-
present
Confident No Edit
246
Roman Empire - Principate
-
present
Inferred No Edit
247
Roman Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
248
Later Wagadu Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
249
Ashikaga Shogunate
-
present
Confident No Edit
250
Asuka
-
present
Inferred No Edit
251
Heian
-
present
Confident No Edit
252
Kamakura Shogunate
-
present
Confident No Edit
253
Kansai - Kofun Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
254
Nara Kingdom
-
present
Inferred No Edit
255
Kansai - Yayoi Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
256
Kara-Khanids
-
present
Inferred No Edit
257
Western Turk Khaganate
-
present
Inferred No Edit
258
Classical Angkor
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
259
Early Angkor
-
present
Confident No Edit
260
Late Angkor
-
present
Inferred No Edit
261
Khmer Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
262
Funan I
-
present
Confident No Edit
263
Early Formative Basin of Mexico
-
absent
Confident No Edit
264
Funan II
-
present
Confident No Edit
265
Jenne-jeno IV
-
present
Inferred No Edit
266
Mali Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
267
Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
-
present
Inferred No Edit
268
Rouran Khaganate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
269
Uigur Khaganate
-
present
Inferred No Edit
270
Middle Wagadu Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
271
Early Monte Alban I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
272
Monte Alban Late I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
273
Monte Alban II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
274
Monte Alban IIIB and IV
-
absent
Confident No Edit
275
Monte Alban V
-
absent
Confident No Edit
276
Late Formative Basin of Mexico
-
absent
Confident No Edit
277
Middle Formative Basin of Mexico
-
absent
Confident No Edit
278
Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico
-
absent
Confident No Edit
279
Oaxaca - San Jose
-
absent
Confident No Edit
280
Oaxaca - Tierras Largas
-
absent
Confident No Edit
281
Buhaya
-
absent
Confident No Edit
282
Cuzco - Early Intermediate I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
283
Cuzco - Late Intermediate I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
284
Cuzco - Late Intermediate II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
285
Cuzco - Late Formative
-
absent
Confident No Edit
286
Inca Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
287
Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
288
Orokaiva - Colonial
-
present
Confident No Edit
289
Indo-Greek Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
290
Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
291
Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
292
Kachi Plain - Urban Period I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
293
Kachi Plain - Urban Period II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
294
Ayutthaya
-
present
Confident No Edit
295
Fatimid Caliphate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
296
Byzantine Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
297
Byzantine Empire III
-
present
Confident No Edit
298
Lysimachus Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
299
Ottoman Empire I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
300
Ottoman Empire III
-
present
Confident No Edit
301
Roman Empire - Dominate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
302
Rum Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
303
Samanid Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
304
Sogdiana - City-States Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
305
Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
306
Yemen - Era of Warlords
-
present
Inferred No Edit
307
Bugesera
-
absent
Confident No Edit
308
Lombard Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
309
Early Modern Sierra Leone
-
present
Confident No Edit
310
Freetown
-
present
Confident No Edit
311
Great Zimbabwe
-
present
Confident No Edit
312
Anurādhapura III
-
present
Confident No Edit
313
Dutch Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
314
Kingdom of Jimma
-
present
Confident No Edit
315
Kingdom of Gomma
-
present
Confident No Edit
316
Ifat Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
317
Majeerteen Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
318
Funj Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
319
Kingdom of Gumma
-
present
Confident No Edit
320
Emirate of Harar
-
present
Confident No Edit
321
Early Sultanate of Aussa
-
present
Confident No Edit
322
Sokoto Caliphate
-
present
Confident No Edit
323
Nkore
-
absent
Confident No Edit
324
Kanem-Borno
-
present
Confident No Edit
325
Buganda
-
absent
Confident No Edit
326
Toro
-
absent
Confident No Edit
327
Buganda
-
absent
Confident No Edit
328
Kingdom of Nyinginya
-
absent
Confident No Edit
329
Ndorwa
-
absent
Confident No Edit
330
Burundi
-
absent
Confident No Edit
331
Mubari
-
absent
Confident No Edit
332
Gisaka
-
absent
Confident No Edit
333
Early Cholas
-
present
Confident No Edit
334
Early Pandyas
-
present
Confident No Edit
335
Nayaks of Madurai
-
present
Confident No Edit
336
Sape
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
337
Mutapa
-
present
Inferred No Edit
338
Kingdom of Kaffa
-
present
Inferred No Edit
339
Aro
-
present
Inferred No Edit
340
Kingdom of Baol
-
present
Inferred No Edit
341
Kaabu
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
342
Pre-Sape Sierra Leone
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
343
West Burkina Faso Red II and III
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
344
West Burkina Faso Red IV
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
345
Armenian Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
346
Classical Ife
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
347
Benin Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
348
Karagwe
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
349
Khwarezmid Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
350
Hohokam Culture
-
absent
Confident No Edit
351
Plantagenet England
-
present
Confident No Edit
352
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I
-
present
Confident No Edit
353
Kingdom of the Huns
-
present
Inferred No Edit
354
Tudor and Early Stuart England
-
present
Inferred No Edit
355
Golden Horde
-
P~A
Confident No Edit
356
British Empire IIIIIIIIII
-
present
Confident No Edit
357
Early Wei Dynasty
-
absent
Confident No Edit
358
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I
-
present
Confident No Edit
359
Qatabanian Commonwealth
-
present
Inferred No Edit
360
Deccan - Iron Age
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
361
Western Han Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
362
Neguanje
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
363
Tairona
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
364
Badarian
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
365
Egypt - Dynasty I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
366
Egypt - Dynasty II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
367
Egypt - Middle Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
368
Naqada I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit