Section: Social Complexity
Subsection: Bureaucracy characteristics

Examination System

Talking about bureaucracy characteristics, the paradigmatic example of an examination system is the chinese imperial system.  
Contributors: Jenny, Majid, Peter

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition
examination_system The absence or presence of examination system for a polity.

# Polity   Year(s)   Examination System   Confidence     Disputed?     Expert?   Edit
1
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
1867 CE 1918 CE
present
Confident No Edit
2
Soviet Union
1923 CE 1991 CE
present
Confident No Edit
3
Hawaii I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
4
Tocharians
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
5
Shiwei
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
6
Italian Kingdom Late Antiquity
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
7
Hallstatt B2-3
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
8
Hallstatt C
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
9
Hallstatt D
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
10
Proto-Carolingian
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
11
La Tene A-B1
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
12
La Tene B2-C1
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
13
Ottoman Emirate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
14
Kachi Plain - Urban Period II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
15
Susiana A
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
16
Kansai - Kofun Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
17
Ghur Principality
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
18
Wei Kingdom
-
present
Inferred No Edit
19
La Tene C2-D
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
20
Neolithic Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
21
Prepalatial Crete
-
absent
Confident No Edit
22
Hawaii II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
23
Erlitou
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
24
Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
25
Sind - Samma Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
26
Hmong - Early Chinese
-
absent
Confident No Edit
27
Northern Wei
-
absent
Confident No Edit
28
Early Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
29
Early Wei Dynasty
-
absent
Confident No Edit
30
Middle Roman Republic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
31
Qajar
-
absent
Confident No Edit
32
Hawaii III
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
33
Western Zhou
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
34
Tairona
-
absent
Confident No Edit
35
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
36
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
37
Ptolemaic Kingdom I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
38
Egypt - Saite Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
39
Atlantic Complex
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
40
French Kingdom - Early Bourbon
-
present
Inferred No Edit
41
French Kingdom - Late Bourbon
-
present
Inferred No Edit
42
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
-
present
Inferred No Edit
43
Carolingian Empire II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
44
French Kingdom - Late Valois
-
present
Inferred No Edit
45
Akan - Pre-Ashanti
-
absent
Confident No Edit
46
Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
47
Iban - Pre-Brooke
-
absent
Confident No Edit
48
Majapahit Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
49
Medang Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
50
Canaan
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
51
Yisrael
-
unknown
Confident No Edit
52
Chalukyas of Badami
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
53
Chalukyas of Kalyani
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
54
Deccan - Iron Age
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
55
Deccan - Neolithic
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
56
Hoysala Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
57
Kadamba Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
58
Early A'chik
-
absent
Confident No Edit
59
Late A'chik
-
absent
Confident No Edit
60
Rashtrakuta Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
61
Satavahana Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
62
Vijayanagara Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
63
Bazi Dynasty
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
64
Abbasid Caliphate II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
65
Dynasty of E
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
66
Early Dynastic
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
67
Achaemenid Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
68
Elam - Crisis Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
69
Neo-Assyrian Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
70
Ubaid
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
71
Uruk
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
72
Susiana - Late Ubaid
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
73
Parthian Empire II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
74
Sasanid Empire I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
75
Latium - Bronze Age
-
absent
Confident No Edit
76
Latium - Copper Age
-
absent
Confident No Edit
77
Ayutthaya
-
absent
Confident No Edit
78
Early Merovingian
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
79
Latium - Iron Age
-
absent
Confident No Edit
80
Rome - Republic of St Peter II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
81
Early Roman Republic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
82
Akkadian Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
83
Yangshao
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
84
Neguanje
-
absent
Confident No Edit
85
Shuar - Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
86
Shuar - Ecuadorian
-
absent
Confident No Edit
87
Badarian
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
88
Egypt - Dynasty I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
89
Egypt - Dynasty II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
90
Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
91
Egypt - Middle Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
92
Naqada I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
93
Naqada II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
94
Egypt - Dynasty 0
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
95
Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
96
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
97
Egypt - Period of the Regions
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
98
Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
99
Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
100
Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
101
Beaker Culture
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
102
Proto-French Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
103
Hallstatt A-B1
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
104
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
105
Roman Empire - Principate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
106
Sasanid Empire II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
107
Asuka
-
present
Confident No Edit
108
Elam - Shimashki Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
109
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
110
Japan - Incipient Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
111
Ostrogothic Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
112
Papal States - High Medieval Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
113
Papal States - Medieval Period I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
114
Papal States - Medieval Period II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
115
Papal States - Renaissance Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
116
Exarchate of Ravenna
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
117
Japan - Early Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
118
Japan - Late Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
119
Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity
-
absent
Confident No Edit
120
Republic of St Peter I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
121
Late Angkor
-
absent
Confident No Edit
122
Funan I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
123
Warring States Japan
-
absent
Confident No Edit
124
Mongol Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
125
Late Mongols
-
absent
Confident No Edit
126
Western Turk Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
127
Monte Alban IIIB and IV
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
128
Archaic Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
129
Epiclassic Basin of Mexico
-
absent
Confident No Edit
130
Late Formative Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
131
Initial Formative Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
132
Andronovo
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
133
Phoenician Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
134
Jenne-jeno I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
135
Jenne-jeno II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
136
Jenne-jeno III
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
137
Jenne-jeno IV
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
138
Mali Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
139
Toltecs
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
140
Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
141
Eastern Turk Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
142
Inca Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
143
Early Mongols
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
144
Rouran Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
145
Second Turk Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
146
Uigur Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
147
Xianbei Confederation
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
148
Orokaiva - Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
149
Late Xiongnu
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
150
Xiongnu Imperial Confederation
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
151
Later Wagadu Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
152
Middle Wagadu Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
153
Egypt - Kushite Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
154
Umayyad Caliphate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
155
Cuzco - Early Intermediate I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
156
Cuzco - Early Intermediate II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
157
Cuzco - Late Intermediate I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
158
Cuzco - Late Intermediate II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
159
Cuzco - Late Formative
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
160
Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
161
Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
162
Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
163
Sakha - Early
-
absent
Confident No Edit
164
Sarazm
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
165
Fatimid Caliphate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
166
Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
167
Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
168
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
169
Susiana - Early Ubaid
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
170
Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
171
Konya Plain - Early Neolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
172
Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
173
Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
174
East Roman Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
175
Hatti - New Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
176
Hatti - Old Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
177
Lysimachus Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
178
Konya Plain - Late Neolithic
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
179
Neo-Hittite Kingdoms
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
180
Roman Empire - Dominate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
181
Phrygian Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
182
Tabal Kingdoms
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
183
Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling
-
absent
Confident No Edit
184
Cahokia - Moorehead
-
absent
Confident No Edit
185
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
-
absent
Confident No Edit
186
Cahokia - Early Woodland
-
absent
Confident No Edit
187
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
188
Cahokia - Late Woodland II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
189
Cahokia - Middle Woodland
-
absent
Confident No Edit
190
Cahokia - Late Woodland III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
191
Cahokia - Late Woodland I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
192
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
193
Chagatai Khanate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
194
Early Illinois Confederation
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
195
Ancient Khwarazm
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
196
Koktepe I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
197
Koktepe II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
198
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
-
absent
Confident No Edit
199
Timurid Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
200
Himyar I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
201
Himyar II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
202
Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
203
Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
204
Oneota
-
absent
Confident No Edit
205
Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
206
Durrani Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
207
Hephthalites
-
absent
Confident No Edit
208
Kushan Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
209
Eastern Han Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
210
Heian
-
present
Confident No Edit
211
Kansai - Yayoi Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
212
Early Angkor
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
213
Jin
-
absent
Confident No Edit
214
Longshan
-
absent
Confident No Edit
215
Jin Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
216
Great Ming
-
present
Confident No Edit
217
Northern Song
-
present
Confident No Edit
218
Late Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
219
Late Shang
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
220
Chenla
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
221
Tang Dynasty I
-
present
Confident No Edit
222
Tang Dynasty II
-
present
Confident No Edit
223
Elam II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
224
Parthian Empire I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
225
Kingdom of Norway II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
226
Great Yuan
-
present
Confident No Edit
227
Ayyubid Sultanate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
228
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
229
Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
230
Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period
-
absent
Confident No Edit
231
Ptolemaic Kingdom II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
232
Spanish Empire I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
233
Funan II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
234
Segou Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
235
Carolingian Empire I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
236
Magadha - Maurya Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
237
Mughal Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
238
Abbasid Caliphate I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
239
Kassite Babylonia
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
240
Second Dynasty of Isin
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
241
Isin-Larsa
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
242
Ak Koyunlu
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
243
Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
244
Formative Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
245
Ilkhanate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
246
Susiana B
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
247
Sakha - Late
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
248
Pre-Ceramic Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
249
Safavid Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
250
Seljuk Sultanate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
251
Susa I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
252
Late Roman Republic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
253
Roman Kingdom
-
absent
Confident No Edit
254
Republic of Venice III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
255
Republic of Venice IV
-
absent
Confident No Edit
256
Ashikaga Shogunate
-
absent
Confident No Edit
257
Japan - Initial Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
258
Japan - Middle Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
259
Japan - Final Jomon
-
absent
Confident No Edit
260
Kamakura Shogunate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
261
Nara Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
262
Tokugawa Shogunate
-
present
Confident No Edit
263
Kara-Khanids
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
264
Classical Angkor
-
absent
Confident No Edit
265
Khmer Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
266
Khitan I
-
present
Confident No Edit
267
Early Xiongnu
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
268
Zungharian Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
269
Early Monte Alban I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
270
Monte Alban Late I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
271
Monte Alban II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
272
Monte Alban III
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
273
Aztec Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
274
Aztec Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
275
Early Formative Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
276
Middle Formative Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
277
Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
278
Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
279
Oaxaca - Rosario
-
absent
Confident No Edit
280
Oaxaca - San Jose
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
281
Oaxaca - Tierras Largas
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
282
Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
283
Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic
-
absent
Confident No Edit
284
Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
285
Rattanakosin
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
286
Byzantine Empire I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
287
Byzantine Empire II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
288
Byzantine Empire III
-
present
Confident No Edit
289
Ottoman Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
290
Ottoman Empire II
-
present
Confident No Edit
291
Western Han Empire
-
absent
Confident Yes Edit
292
Ottoman Empire III
-
present
Confident No Edit
293
Rum Sultanate
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
294
Samanid Empire
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
295
Middle Merovingian
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
296
Great Zimbabwe
-
absent
Confident No Edit
297
Kingdom of Nyinginya
-
absent
Confident No Edit
298
Nkore
-
absent
Confident No Edit
299
Early Modern Sierra Leone
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
300
Middle and Late Nok
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
301
Middle and Late Nok
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
302
Nkore
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
303
Burundi
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
304
Ndorwa
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
305
Sogdiana - City-States Period
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
306
Buganda
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
307
Toro
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
308
Karagwe
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
309
Khanate of Bukhara
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
310
Mubari
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
311
Gisaka
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
312
Fipa
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
313
Bugesera
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
314
Buhaya
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
315
Kaabu
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
316
Oyo
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
317
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
318
Eastern Han Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
319
Western Jin
-
present
Inferred No Edit
320
Erligang
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
321
Sui Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
322
Western Han Empire
-
present
Confident Yes Edit
323
Chuuk - Early Truk
-
absent
Confident No Edit
324
French Kingdom - Early Valois
-
present
Inferred No Edit
325
Ashanti Empire
-
absent
Confident No Edit
326
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II
-
present
Confident No Edit
327
British Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
328
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
329
Golden Horde
-
present
Inferred No Edit
330
Napoleonic France
-
present
Inferred No Edit
331
Lombard Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
332
Khwarezmid Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
333
Hohokam Culture
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
334
Saffarid Caliphate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
335
British Empire IIIIIIIIII
-
present
Inferred No Edit
336
Kachi Plain - Urban Period I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
337
Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
338
Five Dynasties Period
-
present
Confident No Edit