Section: Social Complexity
Subsection: Special purpose sites

Mines or Quarry

Talking about special purpose sites, no Descriptions IN Codebook  
Contributors: Jenny, Majid, Peter

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition
mines_or_quarry The absence or presence of mines or quarry for a polity.

# Polity   Year(s)   Mines or Quarry   Confidence     Disputed?     Expert?   Edit
1
Shuar - Colonial
1534 CE 1599 CE
present
Confident No Edit
2
Shuar - Colonial
1600 CE 1830 CE
absent
Confident No Edit
3
Spanish Empire II
1716 CE 1814 CE
present
Confident No Edit
4
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II
1867 CE 1918 CE
present
Confident No Edit
5
Soviet Union
1923 CE 1991 CE
present
Confident No Edit
6
Egypt - Middle Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
7
Naqada I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
8
Naqada II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
9
Egypt - Dynasty 0
-
present
Inferred No Edit
10
Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
11
Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
12
Ptolemaic Kingdom I
-
present
Confident No Edit
13
Hephthalites
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
14
Tunni Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
15
Harla Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
16
Hausa bakwai
-
present
Confident No Edit
17
Tocharians
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
18
Eastern Han Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
19
Western Jin
-
present
Inferred No Edit
20
Jin
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
21
Northern Wei
-
present
Inferred No Edit
22
Tang Dynasty I
-
present
Confident No Edit
23
Tang Dynasty II
-
present
Confident No Edit
24
Great Yuan
-
present
Confident No Edit
25
Ayyubid Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
26
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I
-
present
Confident No Edit
27
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
-
present
Confident No Edit
28
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I
-
present
Confident No Edit
29
Ptolemaic Kingdom II
-
present
Confident No Edit
30
Egypt - Period of the Regions
-
present
Inferred No Edit
31
Egypt - Saite Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
32
Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
33
Chuuk - Early Truk
-
absent
Confident No Edit
34
Hallstatt A-B1
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
35
La Tene A-B1
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
36
La Tene B2-C1
-
present
Inferred No Edit
37
La Tene C2-D
-
present
Confident No Edit
38
British Empire II
-
present
Confident No Edit
39
Archaic Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
40
The Emirate of Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
41
Longshan
-
present
Confident No Edit
42
Northern Song
-
present
Confident No Edit
43
Western Zhou
-
present
Inferred No Edit
44
Neguanje
-
present
Inferred No Edit
45
Egypt - Dynasty I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
46
Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
47
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
48
Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
49
Atlantic Complex
-
present
Confident No Edit
50
French Kingdom - Early Bourbon
-
present
Confident No Edit
51
Carolingian Empire II
-
present
Confident No Edit
52
Hallstatt D
-
present
Confident No Edit
53
French Kingdom - Late Valois
-
present
Confident No Edit
54
Akan - Pre-Ashanti
-
present
Confident No Edit
55
Classical Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
56
Final Postpalatial Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
57
Geometric Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
58
Hellenistic Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
59
Monopalatial Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
60
Postpalatial Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
61
Prepalatial Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
62
Hawaii I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
63
Hawaii III
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
64
Dambadaneiya
-
present
Inferred No Edit
65
Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
66
Mataram Sultanate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
67
Medang Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
68
Chalukyas of Badami
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
69
Chalukyas of Kalyani
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
70
Delhi Sultanate
-
present
Inferred No Edit
71
Early A'chik
-
absent
Confident No Edit
72
Late A'chik
-
absent
Confident No Edit
73
Hoysala Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
74
Kadamba Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
75
Mughal Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
76
Satavahana Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
77
Vijayanagara Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
78
Abbasid Caliphate I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
79
Abbasid Caliphate II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
80
Early Dynastic
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
81
Ur - Dynasty III
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
82
Achaemenid Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
83
Ak Koyunlu
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
84
Buyid Confederation
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
85
Ilkhanate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
86
Elam II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
87
Sasanid Empire I
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
88
Sasanid Empire II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
89
Seleucids
-
present
Inferred No Edit
90
Seljuk Sultanate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
91
Elam - Shimashki Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
92
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
93
Elam - Late Sukkalmah
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
94
Susa II
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
95
Susa III
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
96
Latium - Iron Age
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
97
Ostrogothic Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
98
Papal States - High Medieval Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
99
Papal States - Medieval Period I
-
present
Confident No Edit
100
Papal States - Medieval Period II
-
present
Confident No Edit
101
Papal States - Renaissance Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
102
Exarchate of Ravenna
-
present
Confident No Edit
103
Early Roman Republic
-
present
Confident No Edit
104
Late Roman Republic
-
present
Confident No Edit
105
Middle Roman Republic
-
present
Confident No Edit
106
Roman Empire - Principate
-
present
Confident No Edit
107
Roman Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
108
Republic of St Peter I
-
present
Confident No Edit
109
Asuka
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
110
Kara-Khanids
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
111
Western Turk Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
112
Deccan - Neolithic
-
present
Confident No Edit
113
Rashtrakuta Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
114
Akkadian Empire
-
present
Inferred No Edit
115
Uruk
-
present
Confident No Edit
116
Elam - Igihalkid Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
117
Parthian Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
118
Rome - Republic of St Peter II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
119
Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama
-
present
Confident No Edit
120
Kamakura Shogunate
-
present
Confident No Edit
121
Kansai - Yayoi Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
122
Plantagenet England
-
present
Confident No Edit
123
Bamana kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
124
Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
125
Second Turk Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
126
Uigur Khaganate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
127
Xianbei Confederation
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
128
Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
-
absent
Confident No Edit
129
Indo-Greek Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
130
Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
131
Sind - Samma Dynasty
-
present
Inferred No Edit
132
Sakha - Early
-
absent
Confident No Edit
133
Umayyad Caliphate
-
present
Inferred No Edit
134
Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
135
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
-
present
Inferred No Edit
136
Byzantine Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
137
Byzantine Empire II
-
present
Confident No Edit
138
Late Cappadocia
-
present
Inferred No Edit
139
East Roman Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
140
Lysimachus Kingdom
-
present
Inferred No Edit
141
Neo-Hittite Kingdoms
-
present
Inferred No Edit
142
Ottoman Empire II
-
present
Confident No Edit
143
Ottoman Empire III
-
present
Confident No Edit
144
Roman Empire - Dominate
-
present
Confident No Edit
145
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
-
absent
Confident No Edit
146
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
-
absent
Confident No Edit
147
Phoenician Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
148
Mali Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
149
Khitan I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
150
Middle Wagadu Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
151
Monte Alban IIIB and IV
-
absent
Confident No Edit
152
Oaxaca - Rosario
-
absent
Confident No Edit
153
Kingdom of Norway II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
154
Cuzco - Late Intermediate I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
155
Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
-
present
Inferred No Edit
156
Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic
-
present
Inferred No Edit
157
Egypt - Kushite Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
158
Ayutthaya
-
present
Confident No Edit
159
Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age
-
present
Confident No Edit
160
Byzantine Empire III
-
present
Confident No Edit
161
Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic
-
present
Inferred No Edit
162
Ottoman Emirate
-
present
Confident No Edit
163
Tabal Kingdoms
-
present
Inferred No Edit
164
Sogdiana - City-States Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
165
Himyar I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
166
Himyar II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
167
Chagatai Khanate
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
168
Khanate of Bukhara
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
169
Timurid Empire
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
170
Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
171
Beaker Culture
-
present
Confident No Edit
172
Kushan Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
173
Erligang
-
present
Confident No Edit
174
Erlitou
-
present
Inferred No Edit
175
Hmong - Early Chinese
-
present
Confident No Edit
176
Great Ming
-
present
Confident No Edit
177
Early Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
178
Late Qing
-
present
Confident No Edit
179
Late Shang
-
present
Confident No Edit
180
Sui Dynasty
-
present
Inferred No Edit
181
Axum I
-
present
Confident No Edit
182
Yisrael
-
present
Inferred No Edit
183
Cahokia - Late Woodland III
-
present
Confident No Edit
184
Tairona
-
present
Confident No Edit
185
Shuar - Ecuadorian
-
absent
Confident No Edit
186
Egypt - Dynasty II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
187
Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
188
Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period
-
present
Confident No Edit
189
Spanish Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
190
Chuuk - Late Truk
-
absent
Confident No Edit
191
French Kingdom - Late Bourbon
-
present
Confident No Edit
192
Proto-French Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
193
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
-
present
Confident No Edit
194
Carolingian Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
195
Hallstatt B2-3
-
present
Confident No Edit
196
Hallstatt C
-
present
Confident No Edit
197
Early Merovingian
-
present
Confident No Edit
198
Proto-Carolingian
-
present
Confident No Edit
199
Middle Merovingian
-
present
Confident No Edit
200
French Kingdom - Early Valois
-
present
Confident No Edit
201
Ashanti Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
202
New Palace Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
203
The Old Palace Crete
-
present
Confident No Edit
204
Iban - Pre-Brooke
-
absent
Confident No Edit
205
Canaan
-
present
Confident No Edit
206
Yehuda
-
present
Confident No Edit
207
Deccan - Iron Age
-
present
Confident No Edit
208
Gupta Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
209
Magadha - Maurya Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
210
Vakataka Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
211
Ubaid
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
212
Elam - Awan Dynasty I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
213
Elam - Kidinuid Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
214
Elam - Shutrukid Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
215
Elam III
-
present
Inferred No Edit
216
Parthian Empire II
-
present
Confident No Edit
217
Safavid Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
218
Icelandic Commonwealth
-
absent
Confident No Edit
219
Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity
-
present
Confident No Edit
220
Ashikaga Shogunate
-
present
Confident No Edit
221
Heian
-
present
Confident No Edit
222
Japan - Early Jomon
-
present
Confident No Edit
223
Japan - Middle Jomon
-
present
Confident No Edit
224
Japan - Late Jomon
-
present
Confident No Edit
225
Japan - Final Jomon
-
present
Confident No Edit
226
Kansai - Kofun Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
227
Nara Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
228
Tokugawa Shogunate
-
present
Confident No Edit
229
Classical Angkor
-
present
Confident No Edit
230
Early Angkor
-
present
Confident No Edit
231
Late Angkor
-
present
Confident No Edit
232
Khmer Kingdom
-
present
Confident No Edit
233
Cahokia - Late Woodland I
-
present
Confident No Edit
234
Monte Alban Late I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
235
Chenla
-
present
Confident No Edit
236
Funan I
-
present
Confident No Edit
237
Funan II
-
present
Confident No Edit
238
Andronovo
-
present
Confident No Edit
239
Saadi Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
240
Jenne-jeno I
-
present
Inferred No Edit
241
Jenne-jeno II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
242
Jenne-jeno III
-
present
Confident No Edit
243
Jenne-jeno IV
-
present
Confident No Edit
244
Eastern Turk Khaganate
-
present
Inferred No Edit
245
Zungharian Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
246
Later Wagadu Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
247
Early Monte Alban I
-
absent
Confident No Edit
248
Monte Alban II
-
absent
Confident No Edit
249
Monte Alban III
-
absent
Confident No Edit
250
Monte Alban V
-
absent
Confident No Edit
251
Early Formative Basin of Mexico
-
present
Inferred No Edit
252
Late Formative Basin of Mexico
-
present
Confident No Edit
253
Middle Formative Basin of Mexico
-
present
Inferred No Edit
254
Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico
-
present
Confident No Edit
255
Cahokia - Middle Woodland
-
present
Confident No Edit
256
Oaxaca - San Jose
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
257
Oaxaca - Tierras Largas
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
258
Cuzco - Early Intermediate I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
259
Cuzco - Early Intermediate II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
260
Cuzco - Late Intermediate II
-
present
Inferred No Edit
261
Cuzco - Late Formative
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
262
Inca Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
263
Wari Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
264
Orokaiva - Colonial
-
present
Confident No Edit
265
Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
-
present
Inferred No Edit
266
Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period
-
present
Inferred No Edit
267
Kachi Plain - Urban Period I
-
present
Confident No Edit
268
Cahokia - Sand Prairie
-
present
Confident No Edit
269
Kachi Plain - Urban Period II
-
present
Confident No Edit
270
Sakha - Late
-
absent
Confident No Edit
271
Rattanakosin
-
present
Confident No Edit
272
Sarazm
-
present
Inferred No Edit
273
Fatimid Caliphate
-
present
Confident No Edit
274
Hatti - New Kingdom
-
present
Inferred No Edit
275
Kingdom of Lydia
-
present
Confident No Edit
276
Ottoman Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
277
Phrygian Kingdom
-
present
Inferred No Edit
278
Rum Sultanate
-
present
Confident No Edit
279
Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling
-
present
Confident No Edit
280
Cahokia - Moorehead
-
present
Confident No Edit
281
Early Illinois Confederation
-
present
Confident No Edit
282
Cahokia - Early Woodland
-
present
Confident No Edit
283
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II
-
present
Confident No Edit
284
Cahokia - Late Woodland II
-
present
Confident No Edit
285
Yemen Ziyad Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
286
Oneota
-
present
Inferred No Edit
287
Ancient Khwarazm
-
present
Inferred No Edit
288
Samanid Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
289
Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty
-
present
Inferred No Edit
290
Great Zimbabwe
-
present
Confident No Edit
291
Torwa-Rozvi
-
present
Confident No Edit
292
Mutapa
-
present
Confident No Edit
293
Dutch Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
294
Kanem-Borno
-
present
Confident No Edit
295
Imamate of Futa Toro
-
present
Confident No Edit
296
Buganda
-
present
Confident No Edit
297
Buganda
-
present
Confident No Edit
298
Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì
-
present
Inferred No Edit
299
Middle and Late Nok
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
300
West Burkina Faso Yellow I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
301
Middle and Late Nok
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
302
Oyo
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
303
Early United Mexican States
-
present
Confident No Edit
304
Kingdom of Bohemia - Luxembourgian and Jagiellonian Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
305
Us Reconstruction-Progressive
-
present
Confident No Edit
306
Late Tiwanaku
-
present
Confident No Edit
307
Chaco Canyon - Late Bonito phase
-
present
Confident No Edit
308
Antebellum US
-
present
Confident No Edit
309
Tudor and Early Stuart England
-
present
Confident No Edit
310
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II
-
present
Confident No Edit
311
Khwarezmid Empire
-
present
Confident No Edit
312
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I
-
present
Confident No Edit
313
Golden Horde
-
present
Confident No Edit
314
Saffarid Caliphate
-
present
Confident No Edit
315
British Empire I
-
present
Confident No Edit
316
Napoleonic France
-
present
Confident No Edit
317
Anglo-Saxon England II
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
318
Anglo-Saxon England I
-
absent
Inferred No Edit
319
Hohokam Culture
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
320
British Empire IIIIIIIIII
-
present
Confident No Edit
321
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II
-
present
Confident No Edit
322
Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
323
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I
-
present
Confident No Edit
324
Ghur Principality
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
325
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
-
unknown
Suspected No Edit
326
Gahadavala Dynasty
-
present
Confident No Edit
327
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II
-
present
Confident No Edit