Section: Social Complexity
Subsection: Transport infrastructure

Canal

Talking about transport infrastructure, canals refers to canals built and/or maintained by the polity (that is, code 'present' even if the polity did not build a canal, but devotes resources to maintaining it).  
Contributors: Jenny, Majid, Peter
Metadata:
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Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition
canal The absence or presence of canal for a polity.
Actual Data:
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# Polity   Year(s)   Canal   Confidence     Disputed?     Expert?   Edit
1
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I
1614 CE 1706 CE
absent
 Confident No Edit
2
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I
1706 CE 1775 CE
present
 Confident No Edit
3
Spanish Empire II
1716 CE 1814 CE
present
 Confident No Edit
4
Soviet Union
1923 CE 1991 CE
present
 Confident No Edit
5
Tocharians
* Year Range of Tocharians is assumed.
[-129, 29]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
6
Jin Dynasty
* Year Range of Jin Dynasty is assumed.
[1115, 1234]
present
 Confident No Edit
7
Shuar - Colonial
* Year Range of Shuar - Colonial is assumed.
[1534, 1830]
absent
 Confident No Edit
8
Egypt - Dynasty 0
* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty 0 is assumed.
[-3300, -3100]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
9
Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period is assumed.
[-1720, -1567]
present
 Inferred No Edit
10
Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period is assumed.
[868, 969]
present
 Confident No Edit
11
Axum I
* Year Range of Axum I is assumed.
[-149, 349]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
12
Beaker Culture
* Year Range of Beaker Culture is assumed.
[-3200, -2000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
13
Proto-French Kingdom
* Year Range of Proto-French Kingdom is assumed.
[987, 1150]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
14
Carolingian Empire II
* Year Range of Carolingian Empire II is assumed.
[840, 987]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
15
Hallstatt A-B1
* Year Range of Hallstatt A-B1 is assumed.
[-1000, -900]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
16
Hallstatt B2-3
* Year Range of Hallstatt B2-3 is assumed.
[-900, -700]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
17
British Empire I
* Year Range of British Empire I is assumed.
[1690, 1849]
present
 Confident No Edit
18
Napoleonic France
* Year Range of Napoleonic France is assumed.
[1816, 1870]
present
 Confident No Edit
19
Plantagenet England
* Year Range of Plantagenet England is assumed.
[1154, 1485]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
20
La Tene C2-D
* Year Range of La Tene C2-D is assumed.
[-175, -27]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
21
French Kingdom - Early Valois
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Early Valois is assumed.
[1328, 1450]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
22
French Kingdom - Late Valois
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Valois is assumed.
[1450, 1589]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
23
British Empire II
* Year Range of British Empire II is assumed.
[1850, 1968]
present
 Confident No Edit
24
Akan - Pre-Ashanti
* Year Range of Akan - Pre-Ashanti is assumed.
[1501, 1701]
absent
 Confident No Edit
25
Ashanti Empire
* Year Range of Ashanti Empire is assumed.
[1701, 1895]
absent
 Confident No Edit
26
Archaic Crete
* Year Range of Archaic Crete is assumed.
[-710, -500]
absent
 Confident No Edit
27
Classical Crete
* Year Range of Classical Crete is assumed.
[-500, -323]
absent
 Confident No Edit
28
The Emirate of Crete
* Year Range of The Emirate of Crete is assumed.
[824, 961]
absent
 Confident No Edit
29
Final Postpalatial Crete
* Year Range of Final Postpalatial Crete is assumed.
[-1200, -1000]
absent
 Confident No Edit
30
Hellenistic Crete
* Year Range of Hellenistic Crete is assumed.
[-323, -69]
absent
 Confident No Edit
31
Monopalatial Crete
* Year Range of Monopalatial Crete is assumed.
[-1450, -1300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
32
Neolithic Crete
* Year Range of Neolithic Crete is assumed.
[-7000, -3000]
absent
 Confident No Edit
33
New Palace Crete
* Year Range of New Palace Crete is assumed.
[-1700, -1450]
absent
 Confident No Edit
34
The Old Palace Crete
* Year Range of The Old Palace Crete is assumed.
[-1900, -1700]
absent
 Confident No Edit
35
Postpalatial Crete
* Year Range of Postpalatial Crete is assumed.
[-1300, -1200]
absent
 Confident No Edit
36
Prepalatial Crete
* Year Range of Prepalatial Crete is assumed.
[-3000, -1900]
absent
 Confident No Edit
37
Hawaii I
* Year Range of Hawaii I is assumed.
[1000, 1200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
38
Hawaii II
* Year Range of Hawaii II is assumed.
[1200, 1580]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
39
Hawaii III
* Year Range of Hawaii III is assumed.
[1580, 1778]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
40
Iban - Pre-Brooke
* Year Range of Iban - Pre-Brooke is assumed.
[1650, 1841]
absent
 Confident No Edit
41
Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial
* Year Range of Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial is assumed.
[1841, 1987]
absent
 Confident No Edit
42
Canaan
* Year Range of Canaan is assumed.
[-2000, -1175]
absent
 Confident No Edit
43
Yisrael
* Year Range of Yisrael is assumed.
[-1030, -722]
absent
 Confident No Edit
44
Chalukyas of Badami
* Year Range of Chalukyas of Badami is assumed.
[543, 753]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
45
Chalukyas of Kalyani
* Year Range of Chalukyas of Kalyani is assumed.
[973, 1191]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
46
Deccan - Iron Age
* Year Range of Deccan - Iron Age is assumed.
[-1200, -300]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
47
Jin
* Year Range of Jin is assumed.
[-780, -404]
present
 Inferred No Edit
48
Northern Song
* Year Range of Northern Song is assumed.
[960, 1127]
present
 Confident No Edit
49
Tang Dynasty I
* Year Range of Tang Dynasty I is assumed.
[617, 763]
present
 Confident No Edit
50
Tang Dynasty II
* Year Range of Tang Dynasty II is assumed.
[763, 907]
present
 Confident No Edit
51
Early Wei Dynasty
* Year Range of Early Wei Dynasty is assumed.
[-445, -225]
present
 Inferred No Edit
52
Shuar - Ecuadorian
* Year Range of Shuar - Ecuadorian is assumed.
[1831, 1931]
absent
 Confident No Edit
53
Ayyubid Sultanate
* Year Range of Ayyubid Sultanate is assumed.
[1171, 1250]
present
 Inferred No Edit
54
Egypt - Dynasty I
* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty I is assumed.
[-3100, -2900]
present
 Confident No Edit
55
Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period is assumed.
[-404, -342]
present
 Inferred No Edit
56
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III is assumed.
[1412, 1517]
present
 Inferred No Edit
57
Naqada II
* Year Range of Naqada II is assumed.
[-3550, -3300]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
58
Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period
* Year Range of Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period is assumed.
[-1550, -1293]
present
 Confident No Edit
59
Ptolemaic Kingdom I
* Year Range of Ptolemaic Kingdom I is assumed.
[-305, -217]
present
 Confident No Edit
60
Egypt - Period of the Regions
* Year Range of Egypt - Period of the Regions is assumed.
[-2150, -2016]
present
 Inferred No Edit
61
Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period is assumed.
[-1069, -747]
present
 Inferred No Edit
62
Chuuk - Early Truk
* Year Range of Chuuk - Early Truk is assumed.
[1775, 1886]
absent
 Confident No Edit
63
Chuuk - Late Truk
* Year Range of Chuuk - Late Truk is assumed.
[1886, 1948]
absent
 Confident No Edit
64
Atlantic Complex
* Year Range of Atlantic Complex is assumed.
[-2200, -1000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
65
French Kingdom - Late Bourbon
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Bourbon is assumed.
[1660, 1815]
present
 Confident No Edit
66
La Tene B2-C1
* Year Range of La Tene B2-C1 is assumed.
[-325, -175]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
67
Kediri Kingdom
* Year Range of Kediri Kingdom is assumed.
[1049, 1222]
present
 Confident No Edit
68
Mataram Sultanate
* Year Range of Mataram Sultanate is assumed.
[1568, 1703]
present
 Confident No Edit
69
Deccan - Neolithic
* Year Range of Deccan - Neolithic is assumed.
[-2700, -1200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
70
Saffarid Caliphate
* Year Range of Saffarid Caliphate is assumed.
[861, 1003]
present
 Confident No Edit
71
Early Garo
* Year Range of Early Garo is assumed.
[1775, 1867]
absent
 Confident No Edit
72
Kadamba Empire
* Year Range of Kadamba Empire is assumed.
[345, 550]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
73
Rashtrakuta Empire
* Year Range of Rashtrakuta Empire is assumed.
[753, 973]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
74
Ubaid
* Year Range of Ubaid is assumed.
[-5500, -4201]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
75
Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar
* Year Range of Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar is assumed.
[-7000, -6000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
76
Formative Period
* Year Range of Formative Period is assumed.
[-7200, -7000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
77
Susiana B
* Year Range of Susiana B is assumed.
[-5700, -5100]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
78
Susiana - Late Ubaid
* Year Range of Susiana - Late Ubaid is assumed.
[-4700, -4300]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
79
Susiana - Early Ubaid
* Year Range of Susiana - Early Ubaid is assumed.
[-5100, -4700]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
80
Pre-Ceramic Period
* Year Range of Pre-Ceramic Period is assumed.
[-7800, -7200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
81
Susa I
* Year Range of Susa I is assumed.
[-4300, -3800]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
82
Icelandic Commonwealth
* Year Range of Icelandic Commonwealth is assumed.
[930, 1262]
absent
 Confident No Edit
83
Papal States - Medieval Period I
* Year Range of Papal States - Medieval Period I is assumed.
[1527, 1648]
present
 Confident No Edit
84
Papal States - Medieval Period II
* Year Range of Papal States - Medieval Period II is assumed.
[1648, 1809]
present
 Confident No Edit
85
Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity
* Year Range of Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity is assumed.
[395, 476]
present
 Confident No Edit
86
Kara-Khanids
* Year Range of Kara-Khanids is assumed.
[950, 1212]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
87
Andronovo
* Year Range of Andronovo is assumed.
[-1800, -1200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
88
Saadi Sultanate
* Year Range of Saadi Sultanate is assumed.
[1554, 1659]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
89
Jenne-jeno I
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno I is assumed.
[-250, 49]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
90
Jenne-jeno II
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno II is assumed.
[50, 399]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
91
Jenne-jeno III
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno III is assumed.
[400, 899]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
92
Jenne-jeno IV
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno IV is assumed.
[900, 1300]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
93
Mali Empire
* Year Range of Mali Empire is assumed.
[1230, 1410]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
94
Eastern Turk Khaganate
* Year Range of Eastern Turk Khaganate is assumed.
[583, 630]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
95
Khitan I
* Year Range of Khitan I is assumed.
[907, 1125]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
96
Early Mongols
* Year Range of Early Mongols is assumed.
[1000, 1206]
absent
 Confident No Edit
97
Vijayanagara Empire
* Year Range of Vijayanagara Empire is assumed.
[1336, 1646]
present
 Confident No Edit
98
Abbasid Caliphate II
* Year Range of Abbasid Caliphate II is assumed.
[1191, 1258]
present
 Confident No Edit
99
Early Dynastic
* Year Range of Early Dynastic is assumed.
[-2900, -2500]
present
 Confident No Edit
100
Neo-Assyrian Empire
* Year Range of Neo-Assyrian Empire is assumed.
[-911, -612]
present
 Confident No Edit
101
Neo-Babylonian Empire
* Year Range of Neo-Babylonian Empire is assumed.
[-626, -539]
present
 Confident No Edit
102
Uruk
* Year Range of Uruk is assumed.
[-4000, -2900]
present
 Confident No Edit
103
Parthian Empire I
* Year Range of Parthian Empire I is assumed.
[-247, 40]
present
 Confident No Edit
104
Sasanid Empire I
* Year Range of Sasanid Empire I is assumed.
[205, 487]
present
 Confident No Edit
105
Seljuk Sultanate
* Year Range of Seljuk Sultanate is assumed.
[1037, 1157]
present
 Inferred No Edit
106
Latium - Bronze Age
* Year Range of Latium - Bronze Age is assumed.
[-1800, -900]
absent
 Confident No Edit
107
Latium - Iron Age
* Year Range of Latium - Iron Age is assumed.
[-1000, -580]
absent
 Confident No Edit
108
Papal States - High Medieval Period
* Year Range of Papal States - High Medieval Period is assumed.
[1198, 1309]
absent
 Confident No Edit
109
Early Roman Republic
* Year Range of Early Roman Republic is assumed.
[-509, -264]
absent
 Confident No Edit
110
Middle Roman Republic
* Year Range of Middle Roman Republic is assumed.
[-264, -133]
present
 Confident No Edit
111
Roman Kingdom
* Year Range of Roman Kingdom is assumed.
[-716, -509]
absent
 Confident No Edit
112
Ashikaga Shogunate
* Year Range of Ashikaga Shogunate is assumed.
[1336, 1467]
present
 Confident No Edit
113
Kansai - Kofun Period
* Year Range of Kansai - Kofun Period is assumed.
[250, 537]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
114
Warring States Japan
* Year Range of Warring States Japan is assumed.
[1467, 1568]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
115
Tokugawa Shogunate
* Year Range of Tokugawa Shogunate is assumed.
[1603, 1868]
present
 Confident No Edit
116
Funan II
* Year Range of Funan II is assumed.
[540, 640]
present
 Confident No Edit
117
Phoenician Empire
* Year Range of Phoenician Empire is assumed.
[-1200, -332]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
118
Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
* Year Range of Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty is assumed.
[1493, 1591]
present
 Confident No Edit
119
Rouran Khaganate
* Year Range of Rouran Khaganate is assumed.
[300, 555]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
120
Second Turk Khaganate
* Year Range of Second Turk Khaganate is assumed.
[682, 744]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
121
Xianbei Confederation
* Year Range of Xianbei Confederation is assumed.
[100, 250]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
122
Late Xiongnu
* Year Range of Late Xiongnu is assumed.
[-60, 100]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
123
Xiongnu Imperial Confederation
* Year Range of Xiongnu Imperial Confederation is assumed.
[-209, -60]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
124
Zungharian Empire
* Year Range of Zungharian Empire is assumed.
[1670, 1757]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
125
Cuzco - Early Intermediate II
* Year Range of Cuzco - Early Intermediate II is assumed.
[500, 649]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
126
Cuzco - Late Formative
* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Formative is assumed.
[-500, 200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
127
Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic is assumed.
[-7500, -5500]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
128
Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic is assumed.
[-5500, -4000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
129
Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-4000, -3200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
130
Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period is assumed.
[-1800, -1300]
present
 Inferred No Edit
131
Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period is assumed.
[-3200, -2500]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
132
Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period is assumed.
[-1300, -500]
present
 Inferred No Edit
133
Kachi Plain - Urban Period I
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Urban Period I is assumed.
[-2500, -2100]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
134
Kachi Plain - Urban Period II
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Urban Period II is assumed.
[-2100, 1800]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
135
Sakha - Late
* Year Range of Sakha - Late is assumed.
[1632, 1900]
absent
 Confident No Edit
136
Egypt - Kushite Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Kushite Period is assumed.
[-747, -656]
present
 Inferred No Edit
137
Sarazm
* Year Range of Sarazm is assumed.
[-3500, -2000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
138
Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-6000, -5500]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
139
Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-5500, -3000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
140
East Roman Empire
* Year Range of East Roman Empire is assumed.
[395, 631]
present
 Confident No Edit
141
Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic is assumed.
[-7000, -6600]
absent
 Confident No Edit
142
Konya Plain - Early Neolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Neolithic is assumed.
[-9600, -7000]
absent
 Confident No Edit
143
Konya Plain - Late Neolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Neolithic is assumed.
[-6600, -6000]
absent
 Confident No Edit
144
Neo-Hittite Kingdoms
* Year Range of Neo-Hittite Kingdoms is assumed.
[-1180, -900]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
145
Phrygian Kingdom
* Year Range of Phrygian Kingdom is assumed.
[-900, -695]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
146
Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling
* Year Range of Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling is assumed.
[1055, 1199]
absent
 Confident No Edit
147
Cahokia - Moorehead
* Year Range of Cahokia - Moorehead is assumed.
[1200, 1274]
absent
 Confident No Edit
148
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
* Year Range of Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early is assumed.
[1566, 1713]
absent
 Confident No Edit
149
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
* Year Range of Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late is assumed.
[1714, 1848]
absent
 Confident No Edit
150
Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period
* Year Range of Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period is assumed.
[1778, 1819]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
151
Cahokia - Early Woodland
* Year Range of Cahokia - Early Woodland is assumed.
[-600, -150]
absent
 Confident No Edit
152
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II
* Year Range of Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II is assumed.
[900, 1049]
absent
 Confident No Edit
153
Cahokia - Late Woodland II
* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland II is assumed.
[450, 600]
absent
 Confident No Edit
154
Cahokia - Middle Woodland
* Year Range of Cahokia - Middle Woodland is assumed.
[-150, 300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
155
Cahokia - Late Woodland III
* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland III is assumed.
[600, 750]
absent
 Confident No Edit
156
Cahokia - Late Woodland I
* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland I is assumed.
[300, 450]
absent
 Confident No Edit
157
Cahokia - Sand Prairie
* Year Range of Cahokia - Sand Prairie is assumed.
[1275, 1400]
absent
 Confident No Edit
158
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I
* Year Range of Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I is assumed.
[750, 900]
absent
 Confident No Edit
159
Koktepe I
* Year Range of Koktepe I is assumed.
[-1400, -1000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
160
Himyar I
* Year Range of Himyar I is assumed.
[270, 340]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
161
Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty
* Year Range of Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty is assumed.
[1637, 1805]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
162
Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty
* Year Range of Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty is assumed.
[1454, 1517]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
163
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
* Year Range of Greco-Bactrian Kingdom is assumed.
[-256, -125]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
164
Egypt - Middle Kingdom
* Year Range of Egypt - Middle Kingdom is assumed.
[-2016, -1700]
present
 Confident No Edit
165
Early Xiongnu
* Year Range of Early Xiongnu is assumed.
[-1400, -300]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
166
Middle Wagadu Empire
* Year Range of Middle Wagadu Empire is assumed.
[700, 1077]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
167
Monte Alban IIIB and IV
* Year Range of Monte Alban IIIB and IV is assumed.
[500, 900]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
168
Oaxaca - Rosario
* Year Range of Oaxaca - Rosario is assumed.
[-700, -500]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
169
Kingdom of Norway II
* Year Range of Kingdom of Norway II is assumed.
[1262, 1396]
absent
 Confident No Edit
170
Cuzco - Late Intermediate II
* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Intermediate II is assumed.
[1250, 1400]
present
 Inferred No Edit
171
Inca Empire
* Year Range of Inca Empire is assumed.
[1375, 1532]
present
 Confident No Edit
172
Sakha - Early
* Year Range of Sakha - Early is assumed.
[1400, 1632]
absent
 Confident No Edit
173
Rattanakosin
* Year Range of Rattanakosin is assumed.
[1782, 1873]
present
 Confident No Edit
174
Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II is assumed.
[-1500, -1400]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
175
Byzantine Empire III
* Year Range of Byzantine Empire III is assumed.
[1073, 1204]
present
 Confident No Edit
176
Hatti - Old Kingdom
* Year Range of Hatti - Old Kingdom is assumed.
[-1650, -1500]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
177
Ottoman Emirate
* Year Range of Ottoman Emirate is assumed.
[1299, 1402]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
178
Roman Empire - Dominate
* Year Range of Roman Empire - Dominate is assumed.
[285, 394]
present
 Confident No Edit
179
Oneota
* Year Range of Oneota is assumed.
[1400, 1650]
absent
 Confident No Edit
180
Chagatai Khanate
* Year Range of Chagatai Khanate is assumed.
[1263, 1402]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
181
Timurid Empire
* Year Range of Timurid Empire is assumed.
[1370, 1526]
present
 Inferred No Edit
182
Kushan Empire
* Year Range of Kushan Empire is assumed.
[35, 319]
present
 Inferred No Edit
183
Eastern Han Empire
* Year Range of Eastern Han Empire is assumed.
[25, 220]
present
 Confident No Edit
184
Western Jin
* Year Range of Western Jin is assumed.
[265, 317]
present
 Inferred No Edit
185
Hmong - Early Chinese
* Year Range of Hmong - Early Chinese is assumed.
[1895, 1941]
absent
 Confident No Edit
186
Longshan
* Year Range of Longshan is assumed.
[-3000, -1900]
present
 Inferred No Edit
187
Great Ming
* Year Range of Great Ming is assumed.
[1368, 1644]
present
 Confident No Edit
188
Early Qing
* Year Range of Early Qing is assumed.
[1644, 1796]
present
 Confident No Edit
189
Late Qing
* Year Range of Late Qing is assumed.
[1796, 1912]
present
 Confident No Edit
190
Sui Dynasty
* Year Range of Sui Dynasty is assumed.
[581, 618]
present
 Confident No Edit
191
Western Han Empire
* Year Range of Western Han Empire is assumed.
[-202, 9]
present
 Confident No Edit
192
Western Zhou
* Year Range of Western Zhou is assumed.
[-1122, -771]
present
 Confident No Edit
193
Yangshao
* Year Range of Yangshao is assumed.
[-5000, -3000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
194
Great Yuan
* Year Range of Great Yuan is assumed.
[1271, 1368]
present
 Confident No Edit
195
Badarian
* Year Range of Badarian is assumed.
[-4400, -3800]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
196
Egypt - Dynasty II
* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty II is assumed.
[-2900, -2687]
present
 Confident No Edit
197
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I
* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I is assumed.
[1260, 1348]
present
 Confident No Edit
198
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II
* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II is assumed.
[1348, 1412]
present
 Confident No Edit
199
Naqada I
* Year Range of Naqada I is assumed.
[-3800, -3550]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
200
Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period
* Year Range of Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period is assumed.
[-1293, -1070]
present
 Confident No Edit
201
Umayyad Caliphate
* Year Range of Umayyad Caliphate is assumed.
[661, 750]
present
 Confident No Edit
202
Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom
* Year Range of Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom is assumed.
[-2650, -2350]
present
 Confident No Edit
203
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
* Year Range of Egypt - Late Old Kingdom is assumed.
[-2350, -2150]
present
 Confident No Edit
204
Ptolemaic Kingdom II
* Year Range of Ptolemaic Kingdom II is assumed.
[-217, -30]
present
 Confident No Edit
205
Egypt - Saite Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Saite Period is assumed.
[-664, -525]
present
 Confident No Edit
206
Spanish Empire I
* Year Range of Spanish Empire I is assumed.
[1516, 1715]
present
 Confident No Edit
207
French Kingdom - Early Bourbon
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Early Bourbon is assumed.
[1589, 1660]
present
 Confident No Edit
208
Early Merovingian
* Year Range of Early Merovingian is assumed.
[481, 543]
present
 Confident No Edit
209
Proto-Carolingian
* Year Range of Proto-Carolingian is assumed.
[687, 751]
present
 Confident No Edit
210
Middle Merovingian
* Year Range of Middle Merovingian is assumed.
[543, 687]
present
 Confident No Edit
211
Majapahit Kingdom
* Year Range of Majapahit Kingdom is assumed.
[1292, 1518]
present
 Inferred No Edit
212
Yehuda
* Year Range of Yehuda is assumed.
[-141, -63]
absent
 Confident No Edit
213
Delhi Sultanate
* Year Range of Delhi Sultanate is assumed.
[1206, 1526]
present
 Confident No Edit
214
Late Garo
* Year Range of Late Garo is assumed.
[1867, 1956]
absent
 Confident No Edit
215
Maurya Empire
* Year Range of Maurya Empire is assumed.
[-324, -187]
present
 Confident No Edit
216
Mughal Empire
* Year Range of Mughal Empire is assumed.
[1526, 1858]
present
 Confident No Edit
217
Abbasid Caliphate I
* Year Range of Abbasid Caliphate I is assumed.
[750, 946]
present
 Confident No Edit
218
Ilkhanate
* Year Range of Ilkhanate is assumed.
[1256, 1339]
present
 Confident No Edit
219
Holy Roman Empire - Hohenstaufen and Welf Dynasties
* Year Range of Holy Roman Empire - Hohenstaufen and Welf Dynasties is assumed.
[1126, 1254]
present
 Confident No Edit
220
Parthian Empire II
* Year Range of Parthian Empire II is assumed.
[41, 226]
present
 Confident No Edit
221
Akkadian Empire
* Year Range of Akkadian Empire is assumed.
[-2270, -2083]
present
 Confident No Edit
222
Amorite Babylonia
* Year Range of Amorite Babylonia is assumed.
[-2000, -1600]
present
 Confident No Edit
223
Kassite Babylonia
* Year Range of Kassite Babylonia is assumed.
[-1595, -1150]
present
 Inferred No Edit
224
Bazi Dynasty
* Year Range of Bazi Dynasty is assumed.
[-1005, -986]
present
 Inferred No Edit
225
Dynasty of E
* Year Range of Dynasty of E is assumed.
[-979, -732]
present
 Inferred No Edit
226
Second Dynasty of Isin
* Year Range of Second Dynasty of Isin is assumed.
[-1153, -1027]
present
 Inferred No Edit
227
Isin-Larsa
* Year Range of Isin-Larsa is assumed.
[-2004, -1763]
present
 Inferred No Edit
228
Ur - Dynasty III
* Year Range of Ur - Dynasty III is assumed.
[-2112, -2004]
present
 Confident No Edit
229
Achaemenid Empire
* Year Range of Achaemenid Empire is assumed.
[-550, -331]
present
 Confident No Edit
230
Ak Koyunlu
* Year Range of Ak Koyunlu is assumed.
[1339, 1501]
present
 Inferred No Edit
231
Elam - Awan Dynasty I
* Year Range of Elam - Awan Dynasty I is assumed.
[-2675, -2100]
present
 Inferred No Edit
232
Buyid Confederation
* Year Range of Buyid Confederation is assumed.
[932, 1062]
present
 Confident No Edit
233
Elymais II
* Year Range of Elymais II is assumed.
[25, 215]
present
 Inferred No Edit
234
Ayutthaya
* Year Range of Ayutthaya is assumed.
[1593, 1767]
present
 Confident No Edit
235
Safavid Empire
* Year Range of Safavid Empire is assumed.
[1501, 1722]
present
 Confident No Edit
236
Seleucids
* Year Range of Seleucids is assumed.
[-312, -63]
present
 Confident No Edit
237
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
* Year Range of Elam - Early Sukkalmah is assumed.
[-1900, -1701]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
238
Susa II
* Year Range of Susa II is assumed.
[-3800, -3100]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
239
Susa III
* Year Range of Susa III is assumed.
[-3100, -2675]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
240
Latium - Copper Age
* Year Range of Latium - Copper Age is assumed.
[-3600, -1800]
absent
 Confident No Edit
241
Ostrogothic Kingdom
* Year Range of Ostrogothic Kingdom is assumed.
[489, 554]
present
 Inferred No Edit
242
Rome - Republic of St Peter II
* Year Range of Rome - Republic of St Peter II is assumed.
[904, 1198]
absent
 Confident No Edit
243
Papal States - Renaissance Period
* Year Range of Papal States - Renaissance Period is assumed.
[1378, 1527]
absent
 Confident No Edit
244
Exarchate of Ravenna
* Year Range of Exarchate of Ravenna is assumed.
[568, 751]
present
 Inferred No Edit
245
Late Roman Republic
* Year Range of Late Roman Republic is assumed.
[-133, -31]
present
 Confident No Edit
246
Roman Empire - Principate
* Year Range of Roman Empire - Principate is assumed.
[-31, 284]
present
 Confident No Edit
247
Republic of St Peter I
* Year Range of Republic of St Peter I is assumed.
[711, 904]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
248
Republic of Venice III
* Year Range of Republic of Venice III is assumed.
[1204, 1563]
present
 Confident No Edit
249
Republic of Venice IV
* Year Range of Republic of Venice IV is assumed.
[1564, 1797]
present
 Confident No Edit
250
Asuka
* Year Range of Asuka is assumed.
[538, 710]
present
 Confident No Edit
251
Middle Formative Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Middle Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-800, -401]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
252
Byzantine Empire II
* Year Range of Byzantine Empire II is assumed.
[867, 1072]
present
 Confident No Edit
253
Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama
* Year Range of Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama is assumed.
[1568, 1603]
present
 Confident No Edit
254
Heian
* Year Range of Heian is assumed.
[794, 1185]
present
 Inferred No Edit
255
Kamakura Shogunate
* Year Range of Kamakura Shogunate is assumed.
[1185, 1333]
present
 Confident No Edit
256
Nara Kingdom
* Year Range of Nara Kingdom is assumed.
[710, 794]
present
 Confident No Edit
257
Kansai - Yayoi Period
* Year Range of Kansai - Yayoi Period is assumed.
[-300, 250]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
258
Classical Angkor
* Year Range of Classical Angkor is assumed.
[1100, 1220]
present
 Confident No Edit
259
Early Angkor
* Year Range of Early Angkor is assumed.
[802, 1100]
present
 Confident No Edit
260
Late Angkor
* Year Range of Late Angkor is assumed.
[1220, 1432]
present
 Inferred No Edit
261
Khmer Kingdom
* Year Range of Khmer Kingdom is assumed.
[1432, 1594]
present
 Confident No Edit
262
Chenla
* Year Range of Chenla is assumed.
[550, 825]
present
 Confident No Edit
263
Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-100, 99]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
264
Oaxaca - San Jose
* Year Range of Oaxaca - San Jose is assumed.
[-1150, -700]
absent
 Confident No Edit
265
Oaxaca - Tierras Largas
* Year Range of Oaxaca - Tierras Largas is assumed.
[-1400, -1150]
absent
 Confident No Edit
266
Cuzco - Late Intermediate I
* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Intermediate I is assumed.
[1000, 1250]
present
 Inferred No Edit
267
Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
* Year Range of Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial is assumed.
[1734, 1883]
absent
 Confident No Edit
268
Funan I
* Year Range of Funan I is assumed.
[225, 540]
present
 Confident No Edit
269
Fatimid Caliphate
* Year Range of Fatimid Caliphate is assumed.
[909, 1171]
present
 Confident No Edit
270
Byzantine Empire I
* Year Range of Byzantine Empire I is assumed.
[632, 866]
present
 Inferred No Edit
271
Mongol Empire
* Year Range of Mongol Empire is assumed.
[1206, 1368]
present
 Confident No Edit
272
Uigur Khaganate
* Year Range of Uigur Khaganate is assumed.
[745, 840]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
273
Later Wagadu Empire
* Year Range of Later Wagadu Empire is assumed.
[1078, 1203]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
274
Early Monte Alban I
* Year Range of Early Monte Alban I is assumed.
[-500, -300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
275
Durrani Empire
* Year Range of Durrani Empire is assumed.
[1747, 1826]
absent
 Confident No Edit
276
Monte Alban II
* Year Range of Monte Alban II is assumed.
[-100, 200]
absent
 Confident No Edit
277
Monte Alban III
* Year Range of Monte Alban III is assumed.
[200, 500]
absent
 Confident No Edit
278
Monte Alban V
* Year Range of Monte Alban V is assumed.
[900, 1520]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
279
Early Formative Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Early Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-1200, -801]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
280
Late Formative Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Late Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-400, -101]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
281
Orokaiva - Colonial
* Year Range of Orokaiva - Colonial is assumed.
[1884, 1942]
absent
 Confident No Edit
282
Hatti - New Kingdom
* Year Range of Hatti - New Kingdom is assumed.
[-1400, -1180]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
283
Ottoman Empire II
* Year Range of Ottoman Empire II is assumed.
[1517, 1683]
present
 Confident No Edit
284
Ottoman Empire III
* Year Range of Ottoman Empire III is assumed.
[1683, 1839]
present
 Confident No Edit
285
Early Illinois Confederation
* Year Range of Early Illinois Confederation is assumed.
[1640, 1717]
absent
 Confident No Edit
286
Samanid Empire
* Year Range of Samanid Empire is assumed.
[819, 999]
present
 Confident No Edit
287
Sogdiana - City-States Period
* Year Range of Sogdiana - City-States Period is assumed.
[604, 711]
present
 Confident No Edit
288
Himyar II
* Year Range of Himyar II is assumed.
[378, 525]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
289
Dutch Empire
* Year Range of Dutch Empire is assumed.
[1648, 1795]
present
 Confident No Edit
290
Middle and Late Nok
* Year Range of Middle and Late Nok is assumed.
[-1500, -901]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
291
Middle and Late Nok
* Year Range of Middle and Late Nok is assumed.
[-900, 0]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
292
Kanem
* Year Range of Kanem is assumed.
[800, 1379]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
293
Oyo
* Year Range of Oyo is assumed.
[1300, 1535]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
294
Hohokam Culture
* Year Range of Hohokam Culture is assumed.
[300, 1500]
present
 Confident No Edit
295
Armenian Kingdom
* Year Range of Armenian Kingdom is assumed.
[-188, 6]
present
 Confident No Edit
296
Early United Mexican States
* Year Range of Early United Mexican States is assumed.
[1810, 1920]
present
 Confident No Edit
297
Us Reconstruction-Progressive
* Year Range of Us Reconstruction-Progressive is assumed.
[1866, 1933]
present
 Confident No Edit
298
Late Tiwanaku
* Year Range of Late Tiwanaku is assumed.
[800, 1149]
present
 Confident No Edit
299
Chaco Canyon - Late Bonito phase
* Year Range of Chaco Canyon - Late Bonito phase is assumed.
[1101, 1140]
present
 Confident No Edit
300
Antebellum US
* Year Range of Antebellum US is assumed.
[1776, 1865]
present
 Confident No Edit
301
Late Classic Tikal
* Year Range of Late Classic Tikal is assumed.
[555, 869]
present
 Confident No Edit
302
Tudor and Early Stuart England
* Year Range of Tudor and Early Stuart England is assumed.
[1486, 1689]
absent
 Confident No Edit
303
Khwarezmid Empire
* Year Range of Khwarezmid Empire is assumed.
[1157, 1231]
present
 Confident No Edit
304
Golden Horde
* Year Range of Golden Horde is assumed.
[1240, 1440]
present
 Confident No Edit
305
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
* Year Range of Austro-Hungarian Monarchy is assumed.
[1867, 1918]
present
 Confident No Edit
306
Lombard Kingdom
* Year Range of Lombard Kingdom is assumed.
[568, 774]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
307
Anglo-Saxon England II
* Year Range of Anglo-Saxon England II is assumed.
[927, 1065]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
308
Anglo-Saxon England I
* Year Range of Anglo-Saxon England I is assumed.
[410, 926]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
309
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I
* Year Range of Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I is assumed.
[1454, 1648]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
310
British Empire IIIIIIIIII
* Year Range of British Empire IIIIIIIIII is assumed.
[1850, 1968]
present
 Confident No Edit
311
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II
* Year Range of Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II is assumed.
[1776, 1917]
present
 Confident No Edit
312
Monte Alban Late I
* Year Range of Monte Alban Late I is assumed.
[-300, -100]
absent
 Confident No Edit
313
Hephthalites
* Year Range of Hephthalites is assumed.
[408, 561]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
314
Hallstatt C
* Year Range of Hallstatt C is assumed.
[-700, -600]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
315
Hallstatt D
* Year Range of Hallstatt D is assumed.
[-600, -475]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit