Section: Political and Cultural Relations
Variable: Polity Supracultural Entity (All coded records)
Our quasi-polity are often embedded within larger-scale cultural groupings of polities or quasi-polities. These are sometimes referred to as 'civilizations'. For example, medieval European kingdoms were part of Latin Christendom. During the periods of disunity in China, warring states there, nevertheless, belonged to the same Chinese cultural sphere. Archaeologists often use 'archaeological traditions' to denote such large-scale cultural entities (for example, Peregrine's Atlas of Cultural Evolution). Note, 'supracultural entity' refers to cultural interdependence, and is distinct from a political confederation or alliance, which should be coded under 'supra-polity relations.'  
Polity Supracultural Entity
#  Polity  Coded Value Tags Year(s) Edit Description
1 Kingdom of Bohemia - Přemyslid Dynasty Latin Christendom Confident 1198 CE  1309 CE
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2 British Empire I Anglosphere Confident 1690 CE  1849 CE
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3 Greco-Bactrian Kingdom Greek Confident 256 BCE  125 BCE
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4 Kidarite Kingdom Eurasian nomadic Confident 388 CE  477 CE
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5 Kidarite Kingdom Persian Confident 388 CE  477 CE
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6 Naqada II uncoded Undecided 3550 BCE  3300 BCE
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7 Mongol Empire uncoded Undecided 1206 CE  1270 CE
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8 Majapahit Kingdom uncoded Undecided 1292 CE  1518 CE
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9 Delhi Sultanate Persian Confident 1206 CE  1526 CE
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10 Delhi Sultanate Turkish Confident 1206 CE  1526 CE
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11 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty uncoded Undecided 1637 CE  1805 CE
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12 Erligang uncoded Undecided 1650 BCE  1250 BCE
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13 Erlitou uncoded Undecided 1850 BCE  1600 BCE
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14 Longshan uncoded Undecided 3000 BCE  1900 BCE
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15 Elam - Awan Dynasty I uncoded Undecided 2675 BCE  2100 BCE
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16 Atlantic Complex Bronze Age Europe Confident 2200 BCE  1000 BCE
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17 Proto-French Kingdom Latin Christendom Confident 987 CE  1150 CE
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18 French Kingdom - Late Capetian Latin Christendom Confident 1150 CE  1328 CE
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19 Carolingian Empire I Latin Christendom Confident 752 CE  840 CE
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20 Medang Kingdom uncoded Undecided 732 CE  1019 CE
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21 Eastern Han Empire Chinese Confident 25 CE  220 CE
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22 Hmong - Late Qing China Confident 1701 CE  1895 CE
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23 Jin Dynasty China Confident 1115 CE  1234 CE
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24 Great Ming China Confident 1368 CE  1644 CE
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25 Northern Song China Confident 960 CE  1127 CE
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26 Early Qing China Confident 1644 CE  1796 CE
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27 Late Qing China Confident 1796 CE  1912 CE
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28 Late Shang China Confident 1250 BCE  1045 BCE
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29 Sui Dynasty Chinese Confident 581 CE  618 CE
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30 Tang Dynasty II China Confident 763 CE  907 CE
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31 Great Yuan China Confident 1271 CE  1368 CE
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32 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period Egypt Confident 404 BCE  342 BCE
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33 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I Islam Confident 1260 CE  1348 CE
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34 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III Islam Confident 1412 CE  1517 CE
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35 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II Islam Confident 1348 CE  1412 CE
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36 Egypt - Saite Period Egypt Confident 664 BCE  525 BCE
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37 Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period Libyan tribes Confident 1069 BCE  747 BCE
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38 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period Islam Confident 868 CE  969 CE
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39 Kidarite Kingdom Indian Confident 388 CE  477 CE
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40 Carolingian Empire II Latin Christendom Confident 840 CE  987 CE
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41 Hallstatt B2-3 Hallstatt Confident 900 BCE  700 BCE
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42 Hallstatt C Hallstatt Confident 700 BCE  600 BCE
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43 La Tene A-B1 La Tene Confident 475 BCE  325 BCE
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44 La Tene B2-C1 La Tene Confident 325 BCE  175 BCE
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45 La Tene C2-D La Tene Confident 175 BCE  27 BCE
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46 Final Postpalatial Crete Cretan Broze Age Civilization Confident 1200 BCE  1000 BCE
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47 Monopalatial Crete Cretan Broze Age Civilization Confident 1450 BCE  1300 BCE
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48 Western Jin Chinese Confident 265 CE  317 CE
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49 Hmong - Early Chinese East Asia Confident 1895 CE  1941 CE
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50 Early Wei Dynasty Chinese Confident 445 BCE  225 BCE
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51 Western Han Empire China Confident 202 BCE  9 CE
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52 Shuar - Colonial Amazonia Confident 1534 CE  1830 CE
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53 Shuar - Ecuadorian Amazonia Confident 1831 CE  1931 CE
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54 Beaker Culture Chalcolithic Confident 3200 BCE  2000 BCE
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55 Hallstatt A-B1 Hallstatt Confident 1000 BCE  900 BCE
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56 Akan - Pre-Ashanti West Africa Confident 1501 CE  1701 CE
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57 Ashanti Empire West Africa Confident 1701 CE  1895 CE
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58 Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial South-East Asia Confident 1841 CE  1987 CE
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59 Delhi Sultanate Islamic Confident 1206 CE  1526 CE
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60 Amorite Babylonia Mesopotamia Confident 2000 BCE  1600 BCE
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61 Ayyubid Sultanate Islam Confident Expert 1171 CE  1250 CE
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62 Ptolemaic Kingdom I Greek World Confident Expert 305 BCE  217 BCE
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63 Ptolemaic Kingdom II Greek World Confident Expert 217 BCE  30 BCE
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64 Archaic Crete Archaic Greece Confident Expert 710 BCE  500 BCE
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65 Classical Crete Classical Greece Confident Expert 500 BCE  323 BCE
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66 Geometric Crete Early Iron Age Greece/Geometric Greece Confident Expert 1000 BCE  710 BCE
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67 Hellenistic Crete Hellenistic Greece Confident Expert 323 BCE  69 BCE
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68 New Palace Crete Cretan Broze Age Civiliazation or Minoan Civilazation Confident Expert 1700 BCE  1450 BCE
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69 Old Palace Crete Cretan Broze Age Civilization Confident Expert 1900 BCE  1700 BCE
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70 Postpalatial Crete Cretan Broze Age Civilization Confident Expert 1300 BCE  1200 BCE
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71 Prepalatial Crete Cretan Broze Age Civilization Confident Expert 3000 BCE  1900 BCE
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72 Yehuda Jewish diaspora Confident Expert 141 BCE  63 BCE
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73 Kassite Babylonia Mesopotamia Confident 1595 BCE  1150 BCE
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74 Achaemenid Empire Persian Confident 550 BCE  331 BCE
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75 Sasanid Empire I Persian Confident 205 CE  487 CE
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76 Sasanid Empire II Persian Confident 488 CE  642 CE
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77 Seleucids Greek Confident 312 BCE  63 BCE
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78 Rome - Republic of St Peter II Latin Christendom Confident 904 CE  1198 CE
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79 Exarchate of Ravenna Roman Confident 568 CE  751 CE
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80 Early Roman Republic Latin States Confident 509 BCE  264 BCE
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81 Middle Roman Republic Roman Confident 264 BCE  133 BCE
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82 Roman Kingdom Hellenistic Civilization Confident 716 BCE  509 BCE
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83 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity Roman Confident 395 CE  476 CE
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84 Republic of Venice III Christiandom Confident 1204 CE  1563 CE
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85 Ashikaga Shogunate Japanese Confident 1336 CE  1467 CE
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86 Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama Japanese Confident 1568 CE  1603 CE
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87 Kamakura Shogunate none Confident 1185 CE  1333 CE
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88 Nara Kingdom T'ang China Confident 710 CE  794 CE
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89 Warring States Japan Japanese Confident 1467 CE  1568 CE
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90 Tokugawa Shogunate Japanese Confident 1603 CE  1868 CE
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91 Chenla Indianized Southeast Asia Confident 550 CE  825 CE
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92 Saadi Sultanate Arabic Confident 1554 CE  1659 CE
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93 Uruk unknown Suspected 4000 BCE  2900 BCE
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94 Early Merovingian uncoded Undecided 481 CE  543 CE
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95 Saadi Sultanate Islamic Confident 1554 CE  1659 CE
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96 Jenne-jeno I Sahel Tell Culture Confident 250 BCE  49 CE
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97 Jenne-jeno II Sahel Tell Culture Confident 50 CE  399 CE
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98 Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty Mande Confident 1493 CE  1591 CE
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99 Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty Islamic Confident 1493 CE  1591 CE
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100 Late Mongols Mongols Confident 1368 CE  1690 CE
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101 Late A'chik South Asia Confident 1867 CE  1956 CE
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102 Ilkhanate Mongolian Confident 1256 CE  1339 CE
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103 Seljuk Sultanate Perso-Islamic Confident 1037 CE  1157 CE
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104 Susa II Sumerian Confident 3800 BCE  3100 BCE
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105 Latium - Bronze Age Appenine culture Confident 1800 BCE  900 BCE
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106 Latium - Iron Age Latial Culture Confident 1000 BCE  580 BCE
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107 Funan I Chinese cultural sphere Confident 225 CE  540 CE
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108 Funan II Chinese cultural sphere Confident 540 CE  640 CE
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109 Mali Empire Mande Confident 1230 CE  1410 CE
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110 Early Xiongnu Early Nomadic Confident 1400 BCE  300 BCE
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111 Oaxaca - Rosario Middle Formative Confident 700 BCE  500 BCE
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112 Papal States - Early Modern Period I Roman Catholicism Confident Expert 1527 CE  1648 CE
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113 Icelandic Commonwealth Norden Confident Expert 930 CE  1262 CE
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114 Papal States - Early Modern Period II Roman Catholicism Confident Expert 1648 CE  1809 CE
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115 Late Roman Republic Roman Confident Expert 133 BCE  31 BCE
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116 Phoenician Empire Phoenician Confident Expert 1200 BCE  332 BCE
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117 Egypt - Kushite Period Nubia Confident 747 BCE  656 BCE
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118 Umayyad Caliphate Islam Confident 661 CE  750 CE
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119 Fatimid Caliphate Islam Confident 909 CE  1171 CE
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120 Hatti - New Kingdom Hittite Confident 1400 BCE  1180 BCE
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121 Kingdom of Lydia Achaemenid Empire Confident 670 BCE  546 BCE
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122 Lysimachus Kingdom Greek Confident 323 BCE  281 BCE
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123 Neo-Hittite Kingdoms Neo-Hittite Confident 1180 BCE  900 BCE
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124 Ottoman Empire II Turkish Confident 1517 CE  1683 CE
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125 Ottoman Empire III Turkish Confident 1683 CE  1839 CE
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126 Tabal Kingdoms Neo-Hittite Confident 900 BCE  730 BCE
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127 Timurid Empire Turko-Islamic Confident 1370 CE  1526 CE
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128 Hephthalites Steppe nomads Confident 408 CE  561 CE
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129 Xianbei Confederation proto-Mongolian Donghu Confident 100 CE  250 CE
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130 Later Wagadu Empire Mande Confident 1078 CE  1203 CE
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131 Cuzco - Early Intermediate I Lake Titicaca cultural sphere Confident 200 CE  499 CE
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132 Cuzco - Late Formative Lake Titicaca cultural sphere Confident 500 BCE  200 CE
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133 Sakha - Late Siberia Confident 1632 CE  1900 CE
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134 Rattanakosin Indianized Southeast Asia Confident 1782 CE  1873 CE
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135 Roman Empire - Dominate Greco-Roman Confident 285 CE  394 CE
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136 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late Eastern Woodlands Confident 1714 CE  1848 CE
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137 Tocharians Greco-Persian Confident 129 BCE  29 CE
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138 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period Indus Civilisation Confident Expert 3200 BCE  2500 BCE
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139 Kingdom of Norway II Latin Christendom Confident Expert 1262 CE  1396 CE
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140 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic not applicable Confident Expert 4000 BCE  3200 BCE
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141 Kachi Plain - Urban Period I Indus Civilisation Confident Expert 2500 BCE  2100 BCE
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142 Kachi Plain - Urban Period II Indus Civilisation Confident Expert 2100 BCE  1800 BCE
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143 Ottoman Emirate Turkic Confident Expert 1299 CE  1402 CE
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144 Ottoman Empire I Turkish Confident Expert 1402 CE  1517 CE
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145 Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling Middle Mississippian Confident Expert 1050 CE  1199 CE
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146 Cahokia - Moorehead Middle Mississippian Confident Expert 1200 CE  1275 CE
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147 Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period Kingdom of Hawaii - Post-Kamehameha Period Confident Expert 1778 CE  1819 CE
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148 Cahokia - Early Woodland Early Woodland Confident Expert 600 BCE  150 BCE
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149 Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II Emergent Mississippian Confident Expert 900 CE  1049 CE
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150 Cahokia - Late Woodland II Middle Woodland Confident Expert 450 CE  600 CE
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151 Cahokia - Middle Woodland Middle Woodland Confident Expert 150 BCE  300 CE
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152 Cahokia - Late Woodland III Late Woodland Confident Expert 600 CE  750 CE
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153 Cahokia - Late Woodland I Late Woodland Confident Expert 300 CE  450 CE
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154 Cahokia - Sand Prairie Middle Mississippian Confident Expert 1275 CE  1400 CE
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155 Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II Confident Expert 750 CE  900 CE
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156 Beaker Culture Late Neolithic Confident 3200 BCE  2000 BCE
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157 Hallstatt D Hallstatt Confident 600 BCE  475 BCE
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158 Jin China Confident 780 BCE  404 BCE
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159 Northern Wei Xianbei Confident 386 CE  534 CE
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160 Wari Empire Middle Horizon Confident 650 CE  999 CE
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161 Yangshao China Confident 5000 BCE  3000 BCE
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162 Neguanje Caribbean Colombia Confident 250 CE  1050 CE
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163 Late Angkor Indianized Southeast Asia Confident 1220 CE  1432 CE
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164 Late Formative Basin of Mexico uncoded Undecided Expert 400 BCE  101 BCE
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165 Middle Formative Basin of Mexico uncoded Undecided Expert 800 BCE  401 BCE
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166 Neguanje Central America-northern South America interaction sphere Confident 250 CE  1050 CE
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167 Tairona Chibchan region Confident 1050 CE  1524 CE
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168 Chuuk - Early Truk Micronesia Confident 1775 CE  1886 CE
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169 Asuka Korea Confident 538 CE  710 CE
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170 Chuuk - Late Truk Micronesia Confident 1886 CE  1948 CE
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171 French Kingdom - Early Valois Christendom Confident 1328 CE  1450 CE
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172 Iban - Pre-Brooke South-East Asia Confident 1650 CE  1841 CE
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173 Early A'chik South Asia Confident 1775 CE  1867 CE
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174 Magadha - Maurya Empire Hinduism Confident 324 BCE  187 BCE
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175 Abbasid Caliphate I Perso-Islamic Confident 750 CE  946 CE
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176 Abbasid Caliphate II Perso-Islamic Confident 1191 CE  1258 CE
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177 Buyid Confederation Perso-Islamic Confident 932 CE  1062 CE
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178 Java - Buni Culture uncoded Undecided 400 BCE  500 CE
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179 Elam - Kidinuid Period Mesopotamia Confident 1500 BCE  1400 BCE
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180 Elam - Kidinuid Period Iran Confident 1500 BCE  1400 BCE
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181 Elam - Igihalkid Period Mesopotamia Confident 1399 BCE  1200 BCE
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182 Elam - Igihalkid Period Iran Confident 1399 BCE  1200 BCE
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183 Elam - Shutrukid Period Mesopotamia Confident 1199 BCE  1100 BCE
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184 Elam - Shutrukid Period Iran Confident 1199 BCE  1100 BCE
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185 Parthian Empire I Greco-Bactrian Confident 247 BCE  40 CE
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186 Parthian Empire II Greco-Bactrian Confident 41 CE  226 CE
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187 Heian Tang China Confident 794 CE  1185 CE
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188 Safavid Empire Turco-Mongol Confident 1501 CE  1722 CE
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189 Kansai - Yayoi Period Western horizon Confident 300 BCE  250 CE
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190 Safavid Empire Perso-Islamic Confident 1501 CE  1722 CE
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191 Safavid Empire Shia-Islamic Confident 1501 CE  1722 CE
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192 Elam - Early Sukkalmah Amorite world Confident 1900 BCE  1701 BCE
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193 Susa III Sumerian Confident 3100 BCE  2675 BCE
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194 Republic of St Peter I Latin Christendom Confident 752 CE  904 CE
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195 Asuka T'ang China Confident 538 CE  710 CE
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196 Kansai - Kofun Period Initial Kofun Package Confident 250 CE  537 CE
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197 Kara-Khanids Perso-Islamic Confident 950 CE  1212 CE
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198 Classical Angkor Indianized Southeast Asia Confident 1100 CE  1220 CE
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199 Early Angkor Indianized Southeast Asia Confident 802 CE  1100 CE
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200 Papal States - Renaissance Period Christendom Confident Expert 1378 CE  1527 CE
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201 Khmer Kingdom Indianized Southeast Asia Confident 1432 CE  1594 CE
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202 Funan I Indian cultural sphere Confident 225 CE  540 CE
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203 Andronovo Andronovan Confident 1800 BCE  1200 BCE
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204 Jenne-jeno III Jenne Culture Confident 400 CE  899 CE
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205 Jenne-jeno IV Jenne Culture Confident 900 CE  1300 CE
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206 Uigur Khaganate Turko-Sogdian Confident 745 CE  840 CE
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207 Zungharian Empire Oirats Confident 1670 CE  1757 CE
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208 Middle Wagadu Empire Mande Confident 700 CE  1077 CE
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209 Monte Alban III Zapotec Confident 200 CE  500 CE
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210 Oaxaca - San Jose Early Formative Confident 1150 BCE  700 BCE
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211 Oaxaca - Tierras Largas Early Formative Confident 1400 BCE  1150 BCE
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212 Cuzco - Early Intermediate II Lake Titicaca cultural sphere Confident 500 CE  649 CE
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213 Cuzco - Late Intermediate I Wari cultural sphere Confident 1000 CE  1250 CE
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214 Cuzco - Late Intermediate II Lake Titicaca cultural sphere Confident 1250 CE  1400 CE
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215 Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial Melanesia Confident 1734 CE  1883 CE
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216 Orokaiva - Colonial Melanesia Confident 1884 CE  1942 CE
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217 Sakha - Early Siberia Confident 1400 CE  1632 CE
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218 Ayutthaya Indianized Southeast Asia Confident 1593 CE  1767 CE
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219 East Francia Latin Christendom Confident 842 CE  919 CE
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220 Rum Sultanate Islam Confident 1077 CE  1307 CE
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221 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early Eastern Woodlands Confident 1566 CE  1713 CE
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222 Chagatai Khanate Islam Confident 1227 CE  1402 CE
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223 Koktepe I Burguluk culture Confident 1400 BCE  1000 BCE
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224 Koktepe I Yaz I civilization Confident 1400 BCE  1000 BCE
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225 Samanid Empire Perso-Islamic Confident 819 CE  999 CE
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226 Byzantine Empire II Christianity Confident Expert 867 CE  1072 CE
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227 East Roman Empire Christianity Confident Expert 395 CE  631 CE
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228 Ottoman Emirate Islamic Confident Expert 1299 CE  1402 CE
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229 Ottoman Emirate Persian Confident Expert 1299 CE  1402 CE
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230 Ottoman Empire I Islamic Confident Expert 1402 CE  1517 CE
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231 Sogdiana - City-States Period Sogdian Confident 604 CE  711 CE
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232 Himyar I Himyarite Confident 270 CE  340 CE
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233 Himyar II Himyarite Confident 378 CE  525 CE
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234 Qatabanian Commonwealth Sabaean Culture Confident 450 BCE  111 BCE
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235 Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan Sabaean Culture Confident 110 BCE  149 CE
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236 Toutswe Southern Zambesia Confident Uncertain 700 CE  1250 CE
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237 Great Zimbabwe Southern Zambesia Confident Uncertain 1270 CE  1550 CE
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238 Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì Igboland Confident Uncertain 1043 CE  1911 CE
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239 Buganda Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1700 CE  1894 CE
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240 Toro East African Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1830 CE  1896 CE
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241 Buganda Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1450 CE  1699 CE
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242 Karagwe Interlacustrine East African States Confident Uncertain 1500 CE  1916 CE
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243 Kingdom of Nyinginya East African Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1650 CE  1897 CE
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244 Nkore East African Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1450 CE  1749 CE
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245 Ndorwa East African Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1700 CE  1800 CE
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246 Burundi Interlacustrine East African States Confident Uncertain 1680 CE  1903 CE
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247 Mubari East African Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1700 CE  1896 CE
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248 Gisaka East African Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1700 CE  1867 CE
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249 Fipa East African Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1600 CE  1890 CE
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250 Bugesera East African Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1700 CE  1799 CE
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251 Nkore East African Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1750 CE  1901 CE
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252 Buhaya East African Interlacustrine States Confident Uncertain 1700 CE  1890 CE
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253 Plantagenet England none Confident 1154 CE  1485 CE
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254 England Tudor-Stuart none Confident 1486 CE  1689 CE
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255 Anglo-Saxon England II none Confident 927 CE  1065 CE
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256 Anglo-Saxon England I England Confident 410 CE  926 CE
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257 Hungary Kingdom - Árpád Dynasty Latin Christendom Confident 1000 CE  1301 CE
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258 Kushan Empire Greco-Persian Confident Expert 35 CE  319 CE
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259 Tang Dynasty I China Confident Expert 617 CE  763 CE
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260 Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period Egyptian Civilization Confident Expert 1293 BCE  1070 BCE
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261 The Emirate of Crete Christianity and Islam Confident Expert 824 CE  961 CE
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262 Canaan Amorite Near East Confident Expert 2000 BCE  1175 BCE
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263 Yisrael Israelite Confident Expert 1030 BCE  722 BCE
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264 Icelandic Commonwealth Scandinavia Confident Expert 930 CE  1262 CE
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265 Icelandic Commonwealth Latin Christendom Confident Expert 930 CE  1262 CE
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266 Papal States - High Medieval Period Christendom Confident Expert 1198 CE  1309 CE
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267 Roman Empire - Principate Greco-Roman Confident Expert 31 BCE  284 CE
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268 Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico Central Highland Mesoamerican Late-Terminal Formative Confident Expert 100 BCE  99 CE
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269 Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period uncoded Undecided Expert 1300 BCE  500 BCE
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270 Byzantine Empire I Christianity Confident Expert 632 CE  866 CE
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271 Byzantine Empire III Christianity Confident Expert 1073 CE  1204 CE
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272 Sabaean Commonwealth Sabaean Culture Confident Expert 800 BCE  451 BCE
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