Section: Luxury Goods
Variable: Fine Ceramic Wares (All coded records)
This variable tracks the production, trade, and use of fine ceramic wares in historical polities. It includes data on: the types of ceramics (e.g., porcelain, glazed pottery), their regions of production, and their consumption or use by rulers, elites, or common people. This variable provides insights into the technological and cultural significance of luxury ceramics.  

110 Fine Ceramic Wares Records
 Polity    Coded Value / Tags   Year(s)
Early Qing
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Early Qing
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
1644 CE  1796 CE
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Late Qing
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Late Qing Tokugawa Shogunate
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
1796 CE  1912 CE
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Aztec Empire
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Aztec Empire
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1427 CE  1526 CE
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Hawaii II
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Absent
Consumption by Ruler Absent
Consumption by Elite Absent
Consumption by Common People Absent
1200 CE  1580 CE
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Hawaii III
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Absent
Consumption by Ruler Absent
Consumption by Elite Absent
Consumption by Common People Absent
1580 CE  1778 CE
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Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance foreign
Consumption by Ruler Present
1778 CE  1819 CE
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Oneota
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Oneota
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1400 CE  1650 CE
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Khmer Kingdom
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Great Ming Warring States Japan
Consumption by Elite Present
1432 CE  1594 CE
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Ayutthaya
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Early Qing Great Ming
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1643 CE 1767 CE
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Majapahit Kingdom
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Vietnam
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1292 CE  1518 CE
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Chuuk - Early Truk
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Absent
1775 CE  1886 CE
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Chuuk - Late Truk
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Absent
1886 CE  1948 CE
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Inca Empire
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Inca Empire
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1375 CE  1532 CE
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Spanish Empire I
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Spanish Empire I foreign
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Present
1516 CE  1715 CE
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Satavahana Empire
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Satavahana Empire
100 BCE  200 CE
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Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
7500 BCE  5500 BCE
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Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
5500 BCE  4000 BCE
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Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period
1800 BCE  1300 BCE
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Kushan Empire
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance foreign
Consumption by Elite Present
35 CE  319 CE
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Ghur Principality
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Abbasid Caliphate II Jin Dynasty
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
1025 CE  1215 CE
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Delhi Sultanate
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Delhi Sultanate
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1206 CE  1526 CE
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Warring States Japan
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Great Ming Vietnam
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1467 CE  1568 CE
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Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Absent
1568 CE  1603 CE
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Iban - Pre-Brooke
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance China and Malaysia
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1650 CE  1841 CE
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Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
Consumption by Common People Present
1841 CE  1987 CE
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Ottoman Empire II
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Great Ming Ottoman Empire II
Consumption by Ruler Present
1517 CE  1683 CE
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Ottoman Empire III
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Early Qing Late Qing
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1683 CE  1839 CE
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Papal States - Renaissance Period
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Present
1378 CE  1527 CE
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Papal States - Early Modern Period I
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Ottoman Empire II Papal States - Early Modern Period I
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Present
1527 CE  1648 CE
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Papal States - Early Modern Period II
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Papal States - Early Modern Period II
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1648 CE  1809 CE
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Shuar - Ecuadorian
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Shuar - Ecuadorian
1831 CE  1931 CE
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Egypt - Saite Period
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Egypt - Saite Period
664 BCE  525 BCE
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Mali Empire
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Mali Empire Republic of Venice III North Africa other African polities
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1230 CE  1410 CE
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Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Great Ming
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1412 CE  1517 CE
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Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance North Africa
1493 CE  1591 CE
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Great Yuan
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Great Yuan
1271 CE  1368 CE
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Great Ming
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1368 CE  1644 CE
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Early Merovingian
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
481 CE  543 CE
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Middle Merovingian
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
543 CE  687 CE
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Carolingian Empire II
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Carolingian Empire II foreign
840 CE  987 CE
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Ayyubid Sultanate
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Ayyubid Sultanate foreign
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
1171 CE  1250 CE
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Timurid Empire
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance foreign
1370 CE  1526 CE
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Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1454 CE  1517 CE
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Safavid Empire
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance foreign
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1501 CE  1722 CE
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Gupta Empire
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Roman Empire - Dominate Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity suspected unknown
477 CE 515 CE
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Chola Empire
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Northern Song
849 CE  1280 CE
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Bengal Sultanate
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Bengal Sultanate
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1338 CE  1538 CE
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Saadi Sultanate
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Ottoman Empire II Portuguese Empire - Early Modern Spanish Empire I
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1554 CE  1659 CE
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Neguanje
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Neguanje
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
250 CE  1050 CE
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Zungharian Empire
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
1670 CE  1757 CE
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Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
1734 CE  1883 CE
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Orokaiva - Colonial
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Orokaiva - Colonial
1884 CE  1942 CE
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Proto-French Kingdom
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Venetian Republic
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
987 CE  1150 CE
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French Kingdom - Late Capetian
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
1150 CE  1328 CE
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French Kingdom - Late Bourbon
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance foreign
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Present
1660 CE  1815 CE
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Hmong - Late Qing
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
1701 CE  1895 CE
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Hmong - Early Chinese
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
1895 CE  1941 CE
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Qajar Dynasty
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Uncoded
Consumption by Elite Present
1794 CE  1925 CE
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Egypt - Kushite Period
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Egypt - Kushite Period foreign
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Present
747 BCE  656 BCE
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Monte Alban V
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Monte Alban V
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Present
900 CE  1520 CE
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Bito Dynasty
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Nyasa
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1700 CE  1894 CE
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Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Early Qing
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1637 CE  1805 CE
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Republic of Venice IV
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Republic of Venice IV
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Present
1564 CE  1797 CE
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British Empire I
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance foreign
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1690 CE  1849 CE
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Middle and Late Nok
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Ruler Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Elite Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Common People Suspected Unknown
1500 BCE  901 BCE
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West Burkina Faso Yellow I
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
100 CE  500 CE
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Middle and Late Nok
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Ruler Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Elite Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Common People Suspected Unknown
900 BCE  0 CE
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West Burkina Faso Red II and III
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1100 CE  1400 CE
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West Burkina Faso Red IV
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1401 CE  1500 CE
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West Burkina Faso Red I
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
701 CE  1100 CE
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West Burkina Faso Yellow II
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
501 CE  700 CE
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Anurādhapura IV
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
614 CE  1017 CE
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Anurādhapura III
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Absent
428 CE  614 CE
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Anurādhapura I
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance China
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Absent
300 BCE  70 CE
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Anurādhapura II
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Absent
70 CE  428 CE
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Adal Sultanate
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1375 CE  1543 CE
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Tunni Sultanate
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Suspected Unknown
Place(s) of Provenance suspected unknown
Consumption by Ruler Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Elite Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Common People Suspected Unknown
800 CE  1200 CE
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Hadiya Sultanate
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
1300 CE  1680 CE
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Medri Bahri
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Ruler Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Elite Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Common People Suspected Unknown
1310 CE  1889 CE
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Emirate of Harar
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Transitional (Absent -> Present)
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1650 CE 1799 CE
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Emirate of Harar
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1800 CE 1875 CE
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Allada
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Ruler Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Elite Suspected Unknown
1100 CE 1526 CE
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Allada
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1526 CE 1724 CE
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Igodomingodo
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Ruler Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Elite Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Common People Suspected Unknown
900 CE  1450 CE
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Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1601 CE  1835 CE
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Whydah
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance British Empire I Dutch Empire French Kingdom - Late Bourbon Portuguese Empire - Early Modern
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Absent
1671 CE  1727 CE
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Oyo
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Ruler Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Elite Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Common People Suspected Unknown
1300 CE  1535 CE
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Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Ruler Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Elite Suspected Unknown
1043 CE 1650 CE
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Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1651 CE 1911 CE
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Buganda II
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Nyasa
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1717 CE  1894 CE
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Toro
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Nyasa
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1830 CE  1896 CE
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Karagwe
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Nyasa
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1500 CE  1916 CE
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Kingdom of Nyinginya
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1650 CE  1897 CE
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Ndorwa
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1700 CE  1800 CE
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Burundi
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Nyasa
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1680 CE  1903 CE
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Mubari
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1700 CE  1896 CE
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Gisaka
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1700 CE  1867 CE
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Bugesera
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Absent
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1700 CE  1799 CE
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Nkore
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Nyasa
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1750 CE  1901 CE
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Buhaya
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance Nyasa
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Present
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
Consumption by Common People Inferred Present
1700 CE  1890 CE
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Portuguese Empire - Early Modern
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Portuguese Empire - Early Modern foreign
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
1640 CE  1806 CE
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Classic Tana
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance foreign
1000 CE  1498 CE
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Early East Africa Iron Age
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Suspected Unknown
Place(s) of Provenance suspected unknown
Consumption by Ruler Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Elite Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Common People Suspected Unknown
200 CE  499 CE
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Early Tana 1
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Early Tana 1 foreign
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
500 CE  749 CE
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Early Tana 2
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Early Tana 2 foreign
Consumption by Elite Inferred Present
750 CE  999 CE
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Pre-Maravi
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Absent
1151 CE  1399 CE
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Northern Maravi Kingdom
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Inferred Present
Place(s) of Provenance foreign
Consumption by Ruler Inferred Absent
Consumption by Elite Inferred Absent
Consumption by Common People Inferred Absent
1500 CE  1621 CE
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Maravi Empire
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Present
Place(s) of Provenance Portuguese Empire - Early Modern Spanish Empire I
Consumption by Ruler Present
Consumption by Elite Present
Consumption by Common People Absent
1640 CE 1870 CE
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Chandra Dynasty
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Suspected Unknown
Place(s) of Provenance suspected unknown
Consumption by Ruler Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Elite Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Common People Suspected Unknown
900 CE  1050 CE
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Magadha - Kanva Dynasty
Luxury Fine Ceramic Wares Suspected Unknown
Place(s) of Provenance suspected unknown
Consumption by Ruler Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Elite Suspected Unknown
Consumption by Common People Suspected Unknown
75 BCE  30 BCE
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