Section: Social Complexity
Subsection: Transport infrastructure

Port

Talking about transport infrastructure, ports include river ports. direct historical or archaeological evidence of ports is absent when no port has been excavated or all evidence of such has been obliterated. indirect historical or archaeological data is absent when there is no evidence that suggests that the polity engaged in maritime or riverine trade, conflict, or transportation, such as evidence of merchant shipping, administrative records of customs duties, or evidence that at the same period of time a trading relation in the region had a port (for example, due to natural processes, there is little evidence of ancient ports in delta egypt at a time we know there was a timber trade with the levant). when evidence for the variable itself is available the code is 'present.' when other forms of evidence suggests the existence of the variable (or not) the code may be 'inferred present' (or 'inferred absent'). when indirect evidence is not available the code will be either absent, temporal uncertainty, suspected unknown, or unknown.   (See here)
Contributors:

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity ID
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Tag [Evidenced, Disputed, Suspected, Inferred, Unknown]
Verified A Seshat Expert has approved this piece of data.

Variable Definition
port The absence or presence of port for a polity.

# Polity Year(s) Port Description   Edit
191
(Cuzco - Late Formative)
Full Year Range of Cuzco - Late Formative is assumed.
[-500, 200]
unknown
None
192
(Wari Empire)
Full Year Range of Wari Empire is assumed.
[650, 999]
absent
None
193
(Sarazm)
Full Year Range of Sarazm is assumed.
[-3500, -2000]
unknown
None
194
(Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic)
Full Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-6000, -5500]
absent
None
195
(Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic)
Full Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-5500, -3000]
absent
None
196
(East Roman Empire)
Full Year Range of East Roman Empire is assumed.
[395, 631]
present
None
197
(Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic)
Full Year Range of Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic is assumed.
[-7000, -6600]
absent
None
198
(Konya Plain - Early Neolithic)
Full Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Neolithic is assumed.
[-9600, -7000]
absent
None
199
(Konya Plain - Late Neolithic)
Full Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Neolithic is assumed.
[-6600, -6000]
absent
None
200
(Ottoman Empire IV)
Full Year Range of Ottoman Empire IV is assumed.
[1839, 1922]
present
Istanbul Port (Constantinople Harbor): The principal port for trade, military activity, and passenger transport in the Ottoman Empir [İnalcık 2002]
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