Section: Religious Landscape
Variable: Widespread Religion (All coded records)
This variable captures the prevalence of widespread religions within the polity. It includes the most widespread religion, the second most widespread religion, and up to the fourth most widespread religion if available. The coding indicates the degree of prevalence of the corresponding religions in the polity, providing insights into the distribution of religious beliefs across the population.  
Widespread Religion
#  Polity  Coded Value Tags Year(s) Edit Desc
1 Byzantine Empire I 1. Most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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2 Kingdom of Nyinginya 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1650 CE 1897 CE
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3 Kanem-Borno 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1380 CE 1893 CE
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4 Kanem-Borno 1. Most widespread: Bornu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1380 CE 1893 CE
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5 Ottoman Emirate Other: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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6 Saadi Sultanate Other: Qadiri Sufi Order Confident 1554 CE 1659 CE
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7 Neolithic Middle Ganga Other: Sikhism (Very small minority) Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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8 * Sasanid Empire I Other: Mandeanism Confident Disputed 205 CE 487 CE
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9 Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 730 CE 1030 CE
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10 Proto-Yoruba 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 301 CE 649 CE
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11 * Segou Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Small minority) Inferred 1650 CE 1712 CE
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12 * Neolithic Crete 1. Most widespread: Neolithic Cretan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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13 Chenla Other: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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14 Northern Wei 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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15 Neolithic Crete Other: blank Confident 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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16 Ottoman Empire II Other: Shia Islam Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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17 Ottoman Empire III Other: Shia Islam Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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18 Kampili Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1280 CE 1327 CE
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19 Kampili Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1280 CE 1327 CE
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20 Hoysala Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1108 CE 1346 CE
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21 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic Other: unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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22 Tokugawa Shogunate Other: Konkō Confident 1603 CE 1868 CE
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23 Chalukyas of Kalyani 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 973 CE 1189 CE
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24 Umayyad Caliphate Other: Shia Islam Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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25 * Wari Empire Other: Tiwanaku Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 650 CE 999 CE
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26 Abbasid Caliphate II 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Inferred 1191 CE 1258 CE
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27 Magadha 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 450 CE 605 CE
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28 Latium - Bronze Age 1. Most widespread: Appenine religion (Vast majority) Confident 1800 BCE 900 BCE
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29 Latium - Copper Age 1. Most widespread: Latium Copper Age religion (Vast majority) Confident 3600 BCE 1800 BCE
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30 Naqada II 1. Most widespread: Naqada Religion (Vast majority) Confident 3550 BCE 3300 BCE
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31 Chalukyas of Kalyani 2. Second most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 973 CE 1189 CE
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32 Chalukyas of Kalyani 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 973 CE 1189 CE
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33 Jaffna 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1310 CE 1591 CE
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34 Funan I 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Confident 225 CE 540 CE
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35 Jaffna 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1310 CE 1591 CE
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36 Igala 3. Third most widespread: unknown Suspected 1600 CE 1841 CE
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37 Dambadaneiya 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1232 CE 1293 CE
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38 Great Yuan 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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39 Great Ming 4. Fourth most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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40 Polonnaruwa 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1070 CE 1255 CE
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41 Tang Dynasty II 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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42 Mongol Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Daoism Confident 1206 CE 1368 CE
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43 Polonnaruwa 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 1070 CE 1255 CE
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44 Neolithic Crete 4. Fourth most widespread: blank Confident 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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45 Polonnaruwa 3. Third most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 1070 CE 1255 CE
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46 * French Kingdom - Late Bourbon Other: Vodun Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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47 Byzantine Empire II 1. Most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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48 * Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 1200 CE 1426 CE
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49 * Kaabu 1. Most widespread: Kaabu Religion Confident 1500 CE 1867 CE
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50 Sur Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 1540 CE 1556 CE
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51 Achaemenid Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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52 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 868 CE 969 CE
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53 Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1720 BCE 1567 BCE
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54 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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55 Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial 1. Most widespread: Iban Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1841 CE 1987 CE
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56 * Kaabu 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1500 CE 1867 CE
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57 Kaabu Other: Methodist Christianity Confident 1500 CE 1867 CE
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58 * Pandya Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 590 CE 915 CE
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59 Post-Mauryan Kingdoms 3. Third most widespread: Hinduism Confident 205 BCE 101 BCE
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60 * Pandya Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 590 CE 915 CE
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61 * Pandya Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Very small minority) Confident 590 CE 915 CE
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62 Kannauj - Varman Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 650 CE 780 CE
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63 Magadha 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 450 CE 605 CE
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64 * Pandya Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 590 CE 915 CE
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65 * French Kingdom - Late Bourbon Other: North American Indigenous Religion Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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66 * French Kingdom - Late Bourbon Other: Hinduism Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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67 Igala 3. Third most widespread: Anglican Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1841 CE 1900 CE
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68 Funan I 3. Third most widespread: unknown Confident 225 CE 540 CE
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69 Chenla 3. Third most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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70 Majapahit Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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71 Mataram Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1568 CE 1755 CE
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72 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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73 Ottoman Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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74 Ottoman Empire IV 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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75 Axum II 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 350 CE 599 CE
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76 * Sasanid Empire II 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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77 * Five Dynasties Period 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 906 CE 970 CE
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78 Ptolemaic Kingdom I 3. Third most widespread: unknown (Sizeable minority) Confident 305 BCE 217 BCE
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79 * Abbasid Caliphate II 4. Fourth most widespread: Syriac Orthodox Christianity (Minority) Confident 1191 CE 1258 CE
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80 British Empire IIIIIIIIII 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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81 Ottoman Empire IV 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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82 Medang Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Confident 732 CE 1019 CE
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83 Axum II 2. Second most widespread: Ethiopian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 501 CE 599 CE
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84 * Tang Dynasty I 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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85 * Sasanid Empire II 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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86 * Five Dynasties Period 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 906 CE 970 CE
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87 * Abbasid Caliphate II Other: Catholic Melkites (Minority) Confident 1191 CE 1258 CE
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88 British Empire IIIIIIIIII 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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89 Hoysala Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1108 CE 1346 CE
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90 Ottoman Empire IV 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Small minority) Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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91 Axum II 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 501 CE 599 CE
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92 * Tang Dynasty I 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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93 * Sasanid Empire II 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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94 * Five Dynasties Period 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 906 CE 970 CE
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95 * Abbasid Caliphate II Other: Judaism (Minority) Confident 1191 CE 1258 CE
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96 British Empire IIIIIIIIII 3. Third most widespread: Anglican Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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97 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Druze Religion Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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98 * Sasanid Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Manichaeism Confident Disputed 205 CE 487 CE
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99 * Tang Dynasty I 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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100 * Sasanid Empire II 4. Fourth most widespread: Mandeanism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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101 * Five Dynasties Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 906 CE 970 CE
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102 Kingdom of Baol 1. Most widespread: Wolof Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1550 CE 1890 CE
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103 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Maronite Christianity Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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104 * Sasanid Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion Confident Disputed 205 CE 487 CE
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105 * Tang Dynasty I 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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106 * Sasanid Empire II Other: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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107 Funan II 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism Inferred 540 CE 640 CE
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108 Kingdom of Baol 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1550 CE 1890 CE
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109 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Catholic Melkites Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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110 Axum III 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 600 CE 800 CE
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111 Sasanid Empire I Other: Judaism Confident 205 CE 487 CE
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112 * Tang Dynasty I Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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113 * Sasanid Empire II Other: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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114 Funan II 3. Third most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Inferred 540 CE 640 CE
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115 Mongol Empire 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1206 CE 1368 CE
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116 Axum I 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 149 BCE 349 CE
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117 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Greek Catholic Unitates Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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118 Sasanid Empire I Other: Christianity Confident 205 CE 487 CE
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119 * Tang Dynasty II Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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120 * Northern Song Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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121 Chagatai Khanate 3. Third most widespread: Mongolian Shamanism Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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122 * Kalachuris of Kalyani 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 1157 CE 1184 CE
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123 Neolithic Crete 3. Third most widespread: blank Confident 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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124 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Metwalis Sect Shiite Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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125 Sasanid Empire I Other: Buddhism Confident 205 CE 487 CE
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126 * Tang Dynasty I Other: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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127 Tang Dynasty II Other: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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128 * Kalachuris of Kalyani 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 1157 CE 1184 CE
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129 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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130 Sasanid Empire I Other: Hinduism Confident 205 CE 487 CE
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131 * Tang Dynasty II Other: Nestorian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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132 * Northern Song 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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133 Kalachuris of Kalyani 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1157 CE 1184 CE
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134 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Chaldean Catholic Religion Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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135 * Ajuran Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1250 CE 1700 CE
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136 * Tang Dynasty I Other: Nestorian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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137 * Northern Song 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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138 Kalachuris of Kalyani 4. Fourth most widespread: Jainism (Very small minority) Confident 1157 CE 1184 CE
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139 Spanish Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Islam Confident 1516 CE 1715 CE
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140 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Kurdish Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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141 * Ajuran Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Inferred 1250 CE 1700 CE
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142 * Tang Dynasty I Other: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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143 * Northern Song 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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144 * Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Songhai Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1493 CE 1591 CE
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145 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Nestorian Christianity Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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146 * Ifat Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1280 CE 1375 CE
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147 * Tang Dynasty II Other: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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148 * Northern Song 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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149 Gangaridai 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 300 BCE 100 BCE
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150 Bengal Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1338 CE 1538 CE
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151 Kanem Empire 1. Most widespread: unknown Suspected 850 CE 1380 CE
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152 * Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1493 CE 1591 CE
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153 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon 3. Third most widespread: Lutheran Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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154 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Shia Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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155 * Isaaq Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Inferred 1300 CE 1886 CE
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156 * Classical Crete 1. Most widespread: Greek Religion (Vast majority) Confident 500 BCE 323 BCE
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157 Middle Merovingian Other: Arian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 543 CE 687 CE
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158 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 1589 CE 1660 CE
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159 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Protestant Christianity Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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160 * Kanem 1. Most widespread: Islam Confident 800 CE 1379 CE
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161 Ubaid 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion Confident 5500 BCE 4201 BCE
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162 Abbasid Caliphate II 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Inferred 1191 CE 1258 CE
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163 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Kizilbas Shia Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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164 Neo-Hittite Kingdoms 1. Most widespread: Hittite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1180 BCE 900 BCE
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165 Abbasid Caliphate II 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam (Sizeable minority) Inferred 1191 CE 1258 CE
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166 Carnatic Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Sufi Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1710 CE 1801 CE
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167 Ak Koyunlu 2. Second most widespread: Armenian Apostolic Christianity Confident 1339 CE 1501 CE
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168 Oyo 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1300 CE 1535 CE
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169 * Wari Empire Other: Moche Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 650 CE 999 CE
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170 Ur - Dynasty III 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2112 BCE 2004 BCE
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171 Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́ 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1601 CE 1835 CE
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172 * Wari Empire Other: Nasca Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 650 CE 999 CE
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173 Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́ 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1601 CE 1835 CE
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174 Middle Merovingian 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 543 CE 687 CE
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175 Xianbei Confederation 1. Most widespread: Tengrism (Vast majority) Confident 100 CE 250 CE
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176 French Kingdom - Late Capetian 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1150 CE 1328 CE
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177 Almoravids 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1035 CE 1150 CE
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178 Khitan I 2. Second most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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179 * Parthian Empire II 4. Fourth most widespread: Hellenistic Religion (Sizeable minority) Inferred 41 CE 226 CE
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180 Kannauj - Varman Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 650 CE 780 CE
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181 Khitan I 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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182 * Parthian Empire II 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 41 CE 226 CE
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183 Khitan I 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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184 * Parthian Empire II 3. Third most widespread: Babylonian Religion (Sizeable minority) Inferred 41 CE 226 CE
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185 Khitan I Other: Khitan Religion (Very small minority) Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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186 * Parthian Empire II 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 41 CE 226 CE
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187 Eastern Turk Khaganate 1. Most widespread: Turkic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 583 CE 630 CE
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188 Ilkhanate 1. Most widespread: Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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189 Eastern Turk Khaganate Other: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 583 CE 630 CE
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190 Ilkhanate 2. Second most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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191 Second Turk Khaganate 4. Fourth most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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192 Ilkhanate 3. Third most widespread: Armenian Apostolic Christianity Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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193 Late Mongols 1. Most widespread: Tengrism (Vast majority) Confident 1368 CE 1690 CE
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194 Shoa Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1108 CE 1285 CE
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195 Late Mongols 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1368 CE 1690 CE
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196 * Shoa Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Islam Confident 1108 CE 1285 CE
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197 Khmer Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1432 CE 1594 CE
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198 * Early Mongols 1. Most widespread: Tengrism (Vast majority) Confident 1000 CE 1206 CE
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199 * Early Mongols 2. Second most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1000 CE 1206 CE
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200 Ottoman Empire IV 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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201 Proto-Yoruba 2. Second most widespread: unknown (Sizeable minority) Confident 301 CE 649 CE
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202 Oyo 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1300 CE 1535 CE
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203 Zagwe 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1137 CE 1269 CE
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204 Funan I 2. Second most widespread: unknown Confident 225 CE 540 CE
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205 Axum III 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 600 CE 800 CE
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206 Byzantine Empire I Other: Samaritanism Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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207 Ottoman Empire II 2. Second most widespread: Sufism Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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208 Ottoman Empire III 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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209 Ottoman Emirate 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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210 Byzantine Empire I Other: Monophysite Jacobites Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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211 Rum Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1077 CE 1307 CE
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212 Seljuk Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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213 Byzantine Empire I Other: Suriyanis Syriac Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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214 Hatti - New Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Hurrian Religion Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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215 Byzantine Empire I Other: Yazidism Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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216 Chuuk - Late Truk 2. Second most widespread: Protestant Christianity Confident 1886 CE 1948 CE
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217 Icelandic Commonwealth 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 930 CE 999 CE
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218 Icelandic Commonwealth 2. Second most widespread: Old Norse Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1000 CE 1262 CE
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219 Byzantine Empire I Other: Zoroastrianism Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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220 Western Han Empire 2. Second most widespread: Daoism Confident 202 BCE 9 CE
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221 Late Shang 2. Second most widespread: Shang Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1250 BCE 1045 BCE
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222 Byzantine Empire I Other: Judaism Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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223 Late Qing 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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224 Early Qing 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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225 Eastern Han Empire 2. Second most widespread: Confucianism Confident 25 CE 220 CE
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226 Eastern Turk Khaganate 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 583 CE 630 CE
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227 Byzantine Empire I Other: Marcionism Dualist Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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228 Uigur Khaganate 2. Second most widespread: Manichaeism (Sizeable minority) Confident 745 CE 840 CE
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229 Mongol Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1206 CE 1368 CE
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230 Axum III 2. Second most widespread: Ethiopian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 600 CE 800 CE
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231 Byzantine Empire I Other: Paulicianism Dualist Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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232 Jolof Empire 1. Most widespread: Wolof Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1360 CE 1549 CE
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233 Ethiopia Kingdom III 2. Second most widespread: Oromo Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1769 CE 1854 CE
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234 Byzantine Empire I Other: Bogomilism Dualist Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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235 Khanate of Bukhara 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1599 CE 1747 CE
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236 Timurid Empire 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1370 CE 1526 CE
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237 Western Turk Khaganate 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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238 Neolithic Crete 2. Second most widespread: blank Confident 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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239 Byzantine Empire I Other: Tondrakism Dualist Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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240 Byzantine Empire I Other: Nestorian Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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241 Ethiopia Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1270 CE 1500 CE
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242 Khadga Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 650 CE 700 CE
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243 Twelve Bhuyans 2. Second most widespread: Saktist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1538 CE 1612 CE
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244 Asuka 1. Most widespread: Shinto Confident 538 CE 710 CE
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245 Kansai - Yayoi Period 1. Most widespread: Yayoi Religion Confident 300 BCE 250 CE
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246 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon 2. Second most widespread: Calvinist Protestant Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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247 French Kingdom - Late Capetian 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1150 CE 1328 CE
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248 Carolingian Empire II 2. Second most widespread: Germanic Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 840 CE 987 CE
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249 Carolingian Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Germanic Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 752 CE 840 CE
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250 Neo-Babylonian Empire 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 626 BCE 539 BCE
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251 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon 2. Second most widespread: Calvinist Christianity Confident 1589 CE 1660 CE
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252 Carnatic Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1710 CE 1801 CE
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253 Jenne-jeno I 1. Most widespread: Jenne-jeno Religion Confident 250 BCE 49 CE
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254 Jenne-jeno II 1. Most widespread: Jenne-jeno Religion Confident 50 CE 399 CE
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255 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period 2. Second most widespread: Ancient Greek Religion Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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256 Orokaiva - Colonial 2. Second most widespread: Anglican Christianity Confident 1884 CE 1942 CE
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257 Hoysala Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 1108 CE 1346 CE
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258 Oneota 1. Most widespread: Upper Mississippian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 CE 1650 CE
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259 Late Formative Yoruba 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 650 CE 1049 CE
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260 Fipa 1. Most widespread: unknown Suspected 1600 CE 1890 CE
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261 British East India Company Other: Christianity Confident 1757 CE 1858 CE
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262 Ayyubid Sultanate Other: Arminianism Christianity Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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263 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period Other: Judaism Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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264 Kingdom of Gomma 1. Most widespread: Oromo Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1780 CE 1859 CE
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265 Kingdom of Gomma 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1860 CE 1886 CE
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266 Wattara Empire 1. Most widespread: Mande Religion Confident 1710 CE 1895 CE
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267 Mane 1. Most widespread: Sape Mane Religion Confident 1550 CE 1650 CE
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268 Igala 1. Most widespread: Igala religion Confident 1600 CE 1900 CE
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269 Pre-Sape Sierra Leone 1. Most widespread: unknown Suspected 600 CE 1400 CE
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270 Buganda 1. Most widespread: Buganda Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1450 CE 1699 CE
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271 Funan I 1. Most widespread: unknown Confident 225 CE 540 CE
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272 Torwa-Rozvi 1. Most widespread: Mwali Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1494 CE 1850 CE
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273 Harla Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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274 Jin Dynasty Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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275 Wari Empire 1. Most widespread: Wari religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 650 CE 999 CE
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276 Ottoman Emirate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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277 Hatti - Old Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hittite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1650 BCE 1500 BCE
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278 Kingdom of Lydia 1. Most widespread: Phrygian Religion Confident 670 BCE 546 BCE
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279 Rum Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 1077 CE 1307 CE
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280 Shuar - Ecuadorian 1. Most widespread: Shuar Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1831 CE 1931 CE
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281 Kingdom of Norway II 1. Most widespread: Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1262 CE 1396 CE
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282 Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial 1. Most widespread: Orokaiva Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1734 CE 1883 CE
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283 Shuar - Colonial 1. Most widespread: Shuar Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1534 CE 1830 CE
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284 Akan - Pre-Ashanti 1. Most widespread: Akan Religion Confident 1501 CE 1701 CE
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285 Hmong - Early Chinese 1. Most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1895 CE 1941 CE
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286 Sakha - Early 1. Most widespread: Sakha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 CE 1632 CE
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287 Chuuk - Late Truk 1. Most widespread: Trukese Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1886 CE 1948 CE
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288 Icelandic Commonwealth 1. Most widespread: Old Norse Religion (Vast majority) Confident 930 CE 999 CE
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289 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early 1. Most widespread: Iroquois Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1566 CE 1713 CE
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290 Chuuk - Early Truk 1. Most widespread: Trukese Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1775 CE 1886 CE
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291 Sakha - Late 1. Most widespread: Sakha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1632 CE 1900 CE
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292 Ashanti Empire 1. Most widespread: Akan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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293 Kadamba Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 345 CE 550 CE
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294 Late Dutch Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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295 Pandya Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 1216 CE 1323 CE
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296 Early Wei Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 445 BCE 225 BCE
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297 Early Xiongnu 1. Most widespread: Xiongnu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 BCE 300 BCE
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298 Xiongnu Imperial Confederation 1. Most widespread: Xiongnu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 209 BCE 60 BCE
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299 Majapahit Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Buda (Vast majority) Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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300 Ethiopia Kingdom III 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1769 CE 1854 CE
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301 Delhi Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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302 Hawaii I 1. Most widespread: Hawaiian Religion Confident 1000 CE 1200 CE
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303 Old Palace Crete 1. Most widespread: Old Palace Minoan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1900 BCE 1700 BCE
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304 Western Jin 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 265 CE 317 CE
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305 Ghur Principality 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1025 CE 1215 CE
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306 Parthian Empire I 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 247 BCE 40 CE
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307 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic 1. Most widespread: unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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308 Monte Alban III 1. Most widespread: Zapotec Religion (Vast majority) Confident 200 CE 500 CE
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309 Monte Alban II 1. Most widespread: Zapotec Religion (Vast majority) Confident 100 BCE 200 CE
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310 Kushan Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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311 Kara-Khanids 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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312 Rattanakosin 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism Confident 1782 CE 1873 CE
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313 Middle Merovingian 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 543 CE 687 CE
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314 Early Angkor 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 802 CE 1100 CE
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315 Late Angkor 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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316 Parthian Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 247 BCE 40 CE
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317 Carolingian Empire I 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 752 CE 840 CE
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318 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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319 * Archaic Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 6000 BCE 2001 BCE
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320 * Classic Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 100 CE 649 CE
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321 * Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 100 BCE 99 CE
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322 * Late Formative Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 400 BCE 101 BCE
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323 * Middle Formative Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 800 BCE 401 BCE
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324 * Early Formative Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 1200 BCE 801 BCE
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325 Initial Formative Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 2000 BCE 1201 BCE
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326 Amorite Babylonia 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2000 BCE 1600 BCE
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327 Kassite Babylonia 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1595 BCE 1150 BCE
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328 Neo-Babylonian Empire 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 626 BCE 539 BCE
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329 Aztec Empire 1. Most widespread: Mexica religion (Vast majority) Confident 1427 CE 1526 CE
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330 Carolingian Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 752 CE 840 CE
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331 Achaemenid Empire 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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332 Mali Empire Other: indigenous African beliefs Confident 1230 CE 1410 CE
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333 * Sasanid Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Greek Religion Confident Disputed 205 CE 487 CE
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334 Vakataka Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Confident 255 CE 550 CE
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335 Mahajanapada era 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 600 BCE 324 BCE
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336 Cuzco - Late Formative 1. Most widespread: pre-Inca religion Confident 500 BCE 200 CE
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337 Kara-Khanids Other: shaminism Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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338 Saadi Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 1554 CE 1659 CE
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339 British Empire I Other: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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340 Ethiopia Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1270 CE 1500 CE
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341 Igala 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1800 CE 1900 CE
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342 Byzantine Empire II 2. Second most widespread: Armenian Apostolic Christianity Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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343 Magadha - Maurya Empire Other: Ancient Greek Religion (Very small minority) Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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344 Late Dutch Empire Other: Judaism Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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345 Portuguese Empire - Early Modern Other: Buddhism Confident 1640 CE 1806 CE
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346 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty Other: Christianity Confident 1637 CE 1805 CE
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347 Ottoman Empire I Other: Shia Islam Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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348 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Baha’i Religion Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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349 Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period Other: Traditional African Religions Confident 1495 CE 1579 CE
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350 Imamate of Oman and Muscat Other: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1749 CE 1895 CE
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351 Aro Other: unknown Suspected 1690 CE 1884 CE
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352 Aro Other: Presbyterian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1885 CE 1902 CE
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353 Mane Other: Roman Catholic Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1550 CE 1650 CE
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354 Igodomingodo Other: unknown Suspected 900 CE 1450 CE
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355 Seljuk Sultanate Other: Cult of Al-Muqanna (Very small minority) Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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356 Ilkhanate Other: Judaism Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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357 Hatti - New Kingdom Other: Babylonian Religion Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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358 Northern Wei Other: Tuoba Religion (Very small minority) Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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359 Great Yuan Other: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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360 Great Ming Other: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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361 Late Qing Other: Shamanism (Very small minority) Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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362 Early Qing Other: Shamanism (Very small minority) Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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363 Samanid Empire Other: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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364 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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365 Mongol Empire Other: Christianity Confident 1206 CE 1368 CE
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366 Majapahit Kingdom Other: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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367 Chagatai Khanate Other: Zoroastrianism Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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368 Sogdiana - City-States Period Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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369 Western Turk Khaganate Other: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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370 Kushan Empire Other: Old Iranian Religion Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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371 Second Turk Khaganate Other: Nestorian Christianity Manicheism (Very small minority) Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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372 Republic of Venice IV Other: Sunni Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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373 Republic of Venice III Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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374 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period Other: unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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375 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic Other: unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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376 Delhi Sultanate Other: Sufi Islam Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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377 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic Other: unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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378 Hephthalites Other: Hephthalite Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 408 CE 561 CE
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379 Durrani Empire Other: Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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380 British Empire IIIIIIIIII Other: African Traditional Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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381 Safavid Empire Other: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 1501 CE 1722 CE
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382 Achaemenid Empire Other: Ancient Greek Religion Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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383 Abbasid Caliphate I Other: Buddhism Confident 750 CE 946 CE
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384 Neo-Assyrian Empire Other: Canaanite Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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385 Qajar Other: Shaykhism (Very small minority) Confident 1794 CE 1925 CE
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386 Nayaks of Thanjavur Other: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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387 Roman Empire - Principate Other: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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388 Ostrogothic Kingdom Other: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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389 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon Other: Islam Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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390 Chalukyas of Badami 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 543 CE 753 CE
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391 Bahmani Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1347 CE 1518 CE
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392 Rashtrakuta Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 753 CE 973 CE
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393 Vijayanagara Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Jainism Confident 1336 CE 1646 CE
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394 Saadi Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Christianity Confident 1554 CE 1659 CE
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395 Neolithic Middle Ganga 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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396 Magadha - Maurya Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Ajivika Religion Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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397 Buganda 4. Fourth most widespread: blank Confident 1700 CE 1869 CE
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398 Buganda 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1870 CE 1894 CE
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399 Portuguese Empire - Early Modern 4. Fourth most widespread: Indigenous Brazilian Religion Confident 1640 CE 1806 CE
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400 Kingdom of Kaffa 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Suspected 1390 CE 1854 CE
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401 Rouran Khaganate 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 300 CE 555 CE
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402 Kingdom of Kaffa 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1855 CE 1897 CE
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403 Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Indigenous Brazilian Religion Confident 1495 CE 1579 CE
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404 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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405 Imamate of Oman and Muscat 4. Fourth most widespread: Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 1749 CE 1895 CE
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406 Aro 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Suspected 1690 CE 1884 CE
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407 Aro 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1885 CE 1902 CE
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408 Igodomingodo 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Suspected 900 CE 1450 CE
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409 Funj Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1504 CE 1820 CE
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410 Chenla 4. Fourth most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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411 Rattanakosin 4. Fourth most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1782 CE 1873 CE
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412 Fatimid Caliphate 4. Fourth most widespread: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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413 Late Angkor 4. Fourth most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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414 Ayutthaya 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1593 CE 1767 CE
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415 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1637 CE 1805 CE
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416 Rasulid Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 1229 CE 1453 CE
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417 Ottoman Empire II 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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418 Ottoman Empire III 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Small minority) Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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419 Hephthalites 4. Fourth most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 408 CE 561 CE
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420 Ottoman Emirate 4. Fourth most widespread: Armenian Apostolic Christianity Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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421 Ottoman Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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422 Seljuk Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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423 Hatti - New Kingdom 4. Fourth most widespread: Luwian Religion Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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424 Western Han Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism Confident 202 BCE 9 CE
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425 Late Qing 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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426 Early Qing 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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427 Eastern Han Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism Confident 25 CE 220 CE
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428 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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429 Sui Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 581 CE 618 CE
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430 Jin Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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431 Nayaks of Thanjavur 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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432 Eastern Turk Khaganate 4. Fourth most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 583 CE 630 CE
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433 Majapahit Kingdom 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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434 Ethiopia Kingdom III 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam Confident 1769 CE 1854 CE
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435 Chagatai Khanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Nestorian Christianity Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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436 Samanid Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Sufi Islam (Very small minority) Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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437 Sogdiana - City-States Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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438 Late Pallava Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Jainism (Very small minority) Confident 300 CE 890 CE
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439 Western Turk Khaganate 4. Fourth most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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440 Ilkhanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Monophysite Christianity Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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441 Republic of Venice IV 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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442 Republic of Venice III 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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443 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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444 Durrani Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Sikhism (Very small minority) Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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445 Bengal Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 1338 CE 1538 CE
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446 Parthian Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Hellenistic Religion Confident 247 BCE 40 CE
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447 Spanish Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Crypto-Judaism Confident 1516 CE 1715 CE
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448 Nawabs of Bengal 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 1717 CE 1757 CE
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449 Twelve Bhuyans 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 1538 CE 1612 CE
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450 Papal States - Early Modern Period II 4. Fourth most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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451 British Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Baptist Christianity Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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452 British East India Company 4. Fourth most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 1757 CE 1858 CE
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453 Umayyad Caliphate 4. Fourth most widespread: Sunni Islam (Very small minority) Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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454 Abbasid Caliphate I 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism Confident 750 CE 946 CE
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455 Neo-Assyrian Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritan Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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456 Qajar 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1794 CE 1925 CE
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457 Kalabhra Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 200 CE 600 CE
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458 Nayaks of Madurai 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1529 CE 1736 CE
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459 Carnatic Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Lutheran Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1710 CE 1801 CE
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460 Early Pandyas 4. Fourth most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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461 Roman Empire - Principate 4. Fourth most widespread: Mithraism (Sizeable minority) Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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462 Ostrogothic Kingdom 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritanism (Very small minority) Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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463 Papal States - Early Modern Period I 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1527 CE 1648 CE
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464 Papal States - Renaissance Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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465 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritanism (Sizeable minority) Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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466 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritanism Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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467 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritanism Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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468 Ayyubid Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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469 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritanism Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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470 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 868 CE 969 CE
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471 Yemen Hijaz 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 632 CE 661 CE
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472 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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473 Kadamba Empire 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 345 CE 550 CE
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474 Vakataka Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 255 CE 550 CE
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475 Foys 3. Third most widespread: blank Confident 1600 CE 1860 CE
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476 Chalukyas of Badami 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 543 CE 753 CE
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477 Bahmani Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1347 CE 1518 CE
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478 Rashtrakuta Empire 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 753 CE 973 CE
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479 Vijayanagara Empire 3. Third most widespread: Islam Confident 1336 CE 1646 CE
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480 Satavahana Empire 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 100 BCE 200 CE
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481 Almoravids 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1035 CE 1150 CE
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482 Imamate of Oman and Muscat 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1749 CE 1895 CE
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483 Gupta Empire 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 320 CE 550 CE
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484 Neolithic Middle Ganga 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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485 Mahajanapada era 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Very small minority) Confident 600 BCE 324 BCE
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486 Magadha - Maurya Empire 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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487 Late Dutch Empire 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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488 Pandya Empire 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Very small minority) Confident 1216 CE 1323 CE
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489 Foys 3. Third most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1861 CE 1892 CE
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490 Buganda 3. Third most widespread: blank Confident 1700 CE 1869 CE
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491 Buganda 3. Third most widespread: Anglican Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1870 CE 1894 CE
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492 Portuguese Empire - Early Modern 3. Third most widespread: Indigenous African Religion Confident 1640 CE 1806 CE
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493 Whydah 3. Third most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1671 CE 1727 CE
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494 Kingdom of Kaffa 3. Third most widespread: unknown Suspected 1390 CE 1529 CE
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495 Hadiya Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1300 CE 1680 CE
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496 Kingdom of Kaffa 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1530 CE 1854 CE
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497 Kingdom of Kaffa 3. Third most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1855 CE 1897 CE
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498 Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period 3. Third most widespread: Islam Confident 1495 CE 1579 CE
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499 Allada 3. Third most widespread: unknown Suspected 110 CE 1639 CE
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500 Allada 3. Third most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1640 CE 1724 CE
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501 Aro 3. Third most widespread: unknown Suspected 1690 CE 1884 CE
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502 Aro 3. Third most widespread: Evangelical Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1885 CE 1902 CE
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503 Emirate of Harar 3. Third most widespread: Somali Religion Confident 1650 CE 1875 CE
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504 Igodomingodo 3. Third most widespread: unknown Suspected 900 CE 1450 CE
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505 Kingdom of Cayor 3. Third most widespread: Sereer Religion Confident 1549 CE 1864 CE
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506 Funj Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Coptic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1504 CE 1820 CE
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507 East Roman Empire 3. Third most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 395 CE 631 CE
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508 Chola Empire 2. Second most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 849 CE 1280 CE
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509 Rome - Republic of St Peter II 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 904 CE 1198 CE
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510 Rattanakosin 3. Third most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1782 CE 1873 CE
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511 Early Angkor 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 802 CE 1100 CE
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512 Late Angkor 3. Third most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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513 Classical Angkor 3. Third most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Confident 1100 CE 1220 CE
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514 Ayutthaya 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1593 CE 1767 CE
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515 Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1454 CE 1517 CE
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516 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 1637 CE 1805 CE
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517 Rasulid Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1229 CE 1453 CE
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518 Himyar II 3. Third most widespread: South Arabian Religion Confident 378 CE 525 CE
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519 Republic of St Peter I 3. Third most widespread: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 711 CE 904 CE
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520 Ottoman Empire II 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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521 Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1860 CE 1911 CE
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522 Ottoman Empire III 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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523 Ottoman Emirate 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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524 Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II 3. Third most widespread: Paphlagonian Religion Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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525 Ethiopia Kingdom III 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 1769 CE 1854 CE
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526 Seljuk Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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527 Hatti - Old Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Paphlagonian Religion Confident 1650 BCE 1500 BCE
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528 Early Merovingian 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Religion Confident 481 CE 543 CE
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529 Hatti - New Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Palaian Religion Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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530 Hmong - Early Chinese 3. Third most widespread: Hmong Millenarianism Confident 1895 CE 1941 CE
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531 Hmong - Late Qing 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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532 Chuuk - Late Truk 3. Third most widespread: Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1886 CE 1948 CE
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533 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early 3. Third most widespread: Reformed Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1566 CE 1713 CE
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534 Ashanti Empire 3. Third most widespread: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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535 Western Han Empire 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 202 BCE 9 CE
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536 Ethiopia Kingdom II 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1621 CE 1768 CE
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537 Western Jin 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 265 CE 317 CE
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538 Northern Wei 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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539 Great Yuan 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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540 Great Ming 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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541 Late Qing 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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542 Early Qing 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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543 Eastern Han Empire 3. Third most widespread: Daoism Confident 25 CE 220 CE
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544 Sui Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 581 CE 618 CE
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545 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity 2. Second most widespread: Roman Religion Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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546 Tang Dynasty II 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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547 Jin Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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548 Zungharian Empire 3. Third most widespread: Mongolian Shamanism (Very small minority) Confident 1670 CE 1757 CE
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549 Chagatai Khanate 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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550 Eastern Turk Khaganate 3. Third most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 583 CE 630 CE
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551 Second Turk Khaganate 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Very small minority) Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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552 Late Mongols 3. Third most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1368 CE 1690 CE
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553 Majapahit Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Tantric Buddhism Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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554 Medang Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Saivist Hinduism Confident 732 CE 1019 CE
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555 Samanid Empire 3. Third most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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556 Sogdiana - City-States Period 3. Third most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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557 Khanate of Bukhara 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 1599 CE 1747 CE
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558 Western Turk Khaganate 3. Third most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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559 Republic of Venice III 3. Third most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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560 Kushan Empire 3. Third most widespread: Vedic Religion Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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561 Kara-Khanids 3. Third most widespread: Christianity Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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562 Kidarite Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 388 CE 477 CE
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563 The Emirate of Crete 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 824 CE 961 CE
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564 Republic of Venice IV 3. Third most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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565 Indo-Greek Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 180 BCE 10 BCE
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566 Ghur Principality 3. Third most widespread: Ghur Religion Confident 1025 CE 1215 CE
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567 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period 3. Third most widespread: unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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568 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic 3. Third most widespread: unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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569 Delhi Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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570 Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 854 CE 1193 CE
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571 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic 3. Third most widespread: unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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572 Hephthalites 3. Third most widespread: Manichaeism (Sizeable minority) Confident 408 CE 561 CE
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573 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic 3. Third most widespread: unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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574 Durrani Empire 3. Third most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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575 Achaemenid Empire 3. Third most widespread: Elamite Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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576 Parthian Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Babylonian Religion Confident 247 BCE 40 CE
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577 Ashikaga Shogunate 3. Third most widespread: Ise Shinto (Very small minority) Confident 1336 CE 1467 CE
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578 Khadga Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 650 CE 700 CE
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579 Magadha - Kanva Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 75 BCE 30 BCE
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580 Sena Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 1095 CE 1245 CE
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581 Nawabs of Bengal 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1717 CE 1757 CE
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582 Pala Empire 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 750 CE 1174 CE
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583 Classic Tana 1. Most widespread: Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1100 CE 1498 CE
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584 Vanga Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 550 CE 600 CE
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585 Yadava-Varman Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 1080 CE 1150 CE
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586 Chandra Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 900 CE 1050 CE
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587 Twelve Bhuyans 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1538 CE 1612 CE
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588 Sur Empire 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1540 CE 1556 CE
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589 British Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Presbyterian Christianity Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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590 British East India Company 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 1757 CE 1858 CE
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591 Nayaks of Thanjavur 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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592 Deva Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 1150 CE 1300 CE
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593 Gauda Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 600 CE 625 CE
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594 Proto-Carolingian 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 687 CE 751 CE
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595 Carolingian Empire II 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 840 CE 987 CE
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596 Imamate of Oman and Muscat 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1749 CE 1895 CE
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597 Carolingian Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 752 CE 840 CE
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598 Ak Koyunlu 3. Third most widespread: Kurdish Christianity Confident 1339 CE 1501 CE
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599 Safavid Empire 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1501 CE 1722 CE
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600 Umayyad Caliphate 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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601 Abbasid Caliphate I 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 750 CE 946 CE
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602 Magadha - Maurya Empire 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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603 Seleucids 3. Third most widespread: Ancient Greek Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 312 BCE 63 BCE
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604 Neo-Assyrian Empire 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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605 Qajar 3. Third most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 1794 CE 1925 CE
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606 Kalabhra Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 200 CE 600 CE
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607 Nayaks of Madurai 3. Third most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1529 CE 1736 CE
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608 Early Cholas 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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609 Late Pallava Empire 3. Third most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 CE 890 CE
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610 Early Pandyas 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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611 Roman Empire - Dominate 3. Third most widespread: Manichaeism Confident 285 CE 394 CE
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612 Roman Empire - Principate 3. Third most widespread: Manichaeism (Sizeable minority) Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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613 Ostrogothic Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Arianism (Very small minority) Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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614 Late Roman Republic 3. Third most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 133 BCE 31 BCE
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615 Papal States - Early Modern Period I 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1527 CE 1648 CE
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616 Neolithic Middle Ganga 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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617 Papal States - Renaissance Period 3. Third most widespread: Protestantism (Very small minority) Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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618 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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619 Papal States - High Medieval Period 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1198 CE 1309 CE
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620 Papal States - Early Modern Period II 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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621 Samanid Empire 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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622 Fatimid Caliphate 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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623 Gahadavala Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1085 CE 1193 CE
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624 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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625 Kansai - Kofun Period 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 350 CE 537 CE
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626 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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627 Ayyubid Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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628 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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629 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 868 CE 969 CE
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630 Yemen Hijaz 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 632 CE 661 CE
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631 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period 3. Third most widespread: Canaanite Religion Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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632 Post-Mauryan Kingdoms 2. Second most widespread: Jainism Confident 205 BCE 101 BCE
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633 Early Illinois Confederation 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1640 CE 1717 CE
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634 Yisrael 2. Second most widespread: Yahwism (Very small minority) Confident 1030 BCE 722 BCE
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635 Kadamba Empire 2. Second most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 345 CE 550 CE
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636 Chalukyas of Badami 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 543 CE 753 CE
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637 Bahmani Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1347 CE 1518 CE
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638 Rashtrakuta Empire 2. Second most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 753 CE 973 CE
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639 Vijayanagara Empire 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1336 CE 1646 CE
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640 Satavahana Empire 2. Second most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Confident 100 BCE 200 CE
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641 Bamana kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1712 CE 1861 CE
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642 Mali Empire 2. Second most widespread: Mande Religion Confident 1230 CE 1410 CE
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643 Later Wagadu Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1078 CE 1203 CE
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644 Middle Wagadu Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 700 CE 1077 CE
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645 Gupta Empire 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 320 CE 550 CE
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646 Late Dutch Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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647 Anurādhapura I 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 BCE 70 CE
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648 Pandya Empire 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1216 CE 1323 CE
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649 Anurādhapura II 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 70 CE 428 CE
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650 Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì 2. Second most widespread: unknown (Very small minority) Suspected 1043 CE 1859 CE
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651 Dambadaneiya 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1232 CE 1293 CE
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652 Anurādhapura III 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 428 CE 614 CE
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653 Anurādhapura IV 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 614 CE 1017 CE
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654 Northern Maravi Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Maravi Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1500 CE 1621 CE
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655 Freetown 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1787 CE 1808 CE
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656 Kingdom of Jimma 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1790 CE 1881 CE
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657 Kingdom of Jimma 2. Second most widespread: Oromo Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1882 CE 1932 CE
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658 Early Modern Sierra Leone 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1650 CE 1896 CE
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659 Jolof Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1360 CE 1549 CE
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660 Foys 2. Second most widespread: Dahomey royal ancestral cult Confident 1600 CE 1892 CE
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661 Mutapa 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1450 CE 1880 CE
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662 Hausa bakwai 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 900 CE 1808 CE
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663 Early Maravi 2. Second most widespread: Maravi Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1400 CE 1499 CE
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664 Medri Bahri 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1310 CE 1750 CE
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665 Medri Bahri 2. Second most widespread: Eritrean Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1751 CE 1889 CE
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666 Kwararafa 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 1500 CE 1669 CE
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667 Kwararafa 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1670 CE 1820 CE
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668 Kingdom of Cayor 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1549 CE 1864 CE
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669 Buganda 2. Second most widespread: blank Confident 1700 CE 1859 CE
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670 Buganda 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1860 CE 1894 CE
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671 Portuguese Empire - Early Modern 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1640 CE 1806 CE
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672 Whydah 2. Second most widespread: blank Confident 1580 CE 1699 CE
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673 Whydah 2. Second most widespread: Yoruba Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1700 CE 1727 CE
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674 Kingdom of Kaffa 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 1390 CE 1529 CE
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675 Kingdom of Kaffa 2. Second most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1530 CE 1881 CE
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676 Kingdom of Kaffa 2. Second most widespread: Kaffa Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1882 CE 1897 CE
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677 Maravi Empire 2. Second most widespread: Maravi Religion Confident 1622 CE 1870 CE
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678 Imamate of Futa Toro 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1776 CE 1860 CE
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679 Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1495 CE 1579 CE
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680 Early Sultanate of Aussa 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1734 CE 1895 CE
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681 Kingdom of Sine 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Small minority) Confident 1350 CE 1887 CE
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682 Allada 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 1100 CE 1552 CE
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683 Allada 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1553 CE 1724 CE
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684 Sakha - Late 2. Second most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 1632 CE 1900 CE
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685 Adal Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1400 CE 1536 CE
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686 Adal Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1537 CE 1543 CE
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687 Denyanke Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1490 CE 1776 CE
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688 Kingdom of Gomma 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1780 CE 1859 CE
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689 Kingdom of Gomma 2. Second most widespread: Oromo Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1860 CE 1886 CE
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690 Second Turk Khaganate 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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691 Wattara Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1710 CE 1895 CE
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692 Hadiya Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1300 CE 1680 CE
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693 Kingdom of Waalo 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1287 CE 1855 CE
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694 Aro 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 1690 CE 1856 CE
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695 Aro 2. Second most widespread: Anglican Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1857 CE 1902 CE
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696 Chenla 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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697 Safavid Empire 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1501 CE 1722 CE
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698 Emirate of Harar 2. Second most widespread: Oromo Religion Confident 1650 CE 1875 CE
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699 Kingdom of Gumma 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1800 CE 1859 CE
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700 Kingdom of Gumma 2. Second most widespread: Oromo Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1860 CE 1897 CE
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701 Igodomingodo 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 900 CE 1450 CE
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702 Rattanakosin 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 1782 CE 1873 CE
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703 Kingdom of Saloum 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1490 CE 1863 CE
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704 Benin Empire 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 1140 CE 1400 CE
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705 Benin Empire 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1401 CE 1897 CE
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706 Early Tana 2 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 750 CE 1099 CE
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707 Mossi 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1100 CE 1897 CE
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708 Funj Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Nubian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1504 CE 1820 CE
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709 Early Angkor 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 802 CE 1100 CE
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710 Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia 2. Second most widespread: Assyrian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 2000 BCE 1700 BCE
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711 Kingdom of Baol 2. Second most widespread: Sereer Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1550 CE 1890 CE
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712 Harla Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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713 Majeerteen Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1750 CE 1926 CE
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714 Late Angkor 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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715 Classical Angkor 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism Confident 1100 CE 1220 CE
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716 Ayutthaya 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1593 CE 1767 CE
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717 Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1454 CE 1517 CE
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718 Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 110 BCE 149 CE
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719 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1598 CE 1651 CE
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720 Toro 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1830 CE 1896 CE
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721 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1652 CE 1805 CE
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722 Rasulid Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1229 CE 1453 CE
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723 Yemen Ziyad Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 822 CE 1037 CE
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724 Himyar II 2. Second most widespread: Christianity Confident 378 CE 525 CE
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725 Qatabanian Commonwealth 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 450 BCE 111 BCE
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726 East Roman Empire 2. Second most widespread: Anatolian Religion Confident 395 CE 631 CE
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727 Ottoman Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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728 Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II 2. Second most widespread: Luwian Religion Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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729 Hatti - Old Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Luwian Religion Confident 1650 BCE 1500 BCE
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730 Shuar - Ecuadorian 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1831 CE 1931 CE
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731 Kamakura Shogunate 2. Second most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1185 CE 1333 CE
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732 Kingdom of Norway II 2. Second most widespread: Sami Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1262 CE 1396 CE
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733 Akan - Pre-Ashanti 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1501 CE 1701 CE
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734 Hmong - Early Chinese 2. Second most widespread: Hmong Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1895 CE 1941 CE
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735 Hmong - Late Qing 2. Second most widespread: Hmong Millenarianism Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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736 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late 2. Second most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1714 CE 1848 CE
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737 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1566 CE 1670 CE
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738 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1671 CE 1680 CE
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739 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1681 CE 1713 CE
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740 Ashanti Empire 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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741 Zungharian Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1670 CE 1757 CE
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742 Late A'chik 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1867 CE 1956 CE
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743 Early A'chik 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1775 CE 1867 CE
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744 Jin Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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745 Western Jin 2. Second most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 265 CE 317 CE
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746 Northern Wei 2. Second most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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747 Great Yuan 2. Second most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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748 Great Ming 2. Second most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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749 Sui Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 581 CE 618 CE
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750 Tang Dynasty II 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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751 Axum I 2. Second most widespread: Ancient Ona Religion Confident 149 BCE 349 CE
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752 Buyid Confederation 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 932 CE 1062 CE
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753 Sogdiana - City-States Period 2. Second most widespread: Manichaeism (Sizeable minority) Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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754 Axum II 2. Second most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 300 CE 500 CE
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755 Kushan Empire 2. Second most widespread: Cult of Mithra Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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756 Kara-Khanids 2. Second most widespread: Zoroastrianism/Mazdiaism Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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757 Yehuda 2. Second most widespread: Edomite Religion (Very small minority) Confident 141 BCE 63 BCE
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758 Kidarite Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Hinayana Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 388 CE 477 CE
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759 Kingdom of Hawaii - Post-Kamehameha Period 2. Second most widespread: Hawaiian Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1820 CE 1898 CE
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760 The Emirate of Crete 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 824 CE 961 CE
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761 Republic of Venice IV 2. Second most widespread: Greek Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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762 Republic of Venice III 2. Second most widespread: Greek Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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763 Phoenician Empire 2. Second most widespread: Israelite Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1200 BCE 332 BCE
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764 Durrani Empire 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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765 Indo-Greek Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 180 BCE 10 BCE
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766 Ghur Principality 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1025 CE 1215 CE
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767 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period 2. Second most widespread: unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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768 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic 2. Second most widespread: unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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769 Sind - Samma Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1335 CE 1521 CE
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770 Delhi Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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771 Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 854 CE 1193 CE
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772 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic 2. Second most widespread: unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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773 Hephthalites 2. Second most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Confident 408 CE 561 CE
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774 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic 2. Second most widespread: unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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775 Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1568 CE 1603 CE
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776 Warring States Japan 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1467 CE 1568 CE
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777 Magadha - Kanva Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 75 BCE 30 BCE
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778 Western Jin 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 265 CE 317 CE
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779 Ashikaga Shogunate 2. Second most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism Confident 1336 CE 1467 CE
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780 Asuka 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 538 CE 710 CE
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781 Spanish Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1516 CE 1715 CE
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782 Sena Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1095 CE 1245 CE
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783 Nawabs of Bengal 2. Second most widespread: Saktist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1717 CE 1757 CE
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784 Magadha - Nanda Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 413 BCE 322 BCE
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785 Pala Empire 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 750 CE 1174 CE
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786 Vanga Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 550 CE 600 CE
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787 Yadava-Varman Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1080 CE 1150 CE
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788 Chandra Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 900 CE 1050 CE
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789 Sur Empire 2. Second most widespread: Saktist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1540 CE 1556 CE
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790 British Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Congregationalist Christianity Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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791 British East India Company 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1757 CE 1858 CE
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792 Gangaridai 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 300 BCE 100 BCE
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793 Magadha - Sunga Empire 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 187 BCE 65 BCE
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794 Bengal Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Saktist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1338 CE 1538 CE
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795 Deva Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1150 CE 1300 CE
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796 Gauda Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 600 CE 625 CE
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797 Tokugawa Shogunate 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1603 CE 1868 CE
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798 Early Merovingian 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 530 CE 543 CE
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799 Early Merovingian 2. Second most widespread: Arian Christianity Confident 481 CE 530 CE
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800 Proto-French Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 987 CE 1150 CE
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801 Achaemenid Empire 2. Second most widespread: Babylonian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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802 Akkadian Empire 2. Second most widespread: Sumerian Religion Confident 2270 BCE 2083 BCE
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803 Umayyad Caliphate 2. Second most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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804 Abbasid Caliphate I 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 750 CE 800 CE
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805 Classical Ife 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1000 CE 1400 CE
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806 Seleucids 2. Second most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Confident 312 BCE 63 BCE
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807 Abbasid Caliphate I 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 801 CE 946 CE
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808 Neo-Assyrian Empire 2. Second most widespread: Babylonian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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809 Roman Empire - Dominate 2. Second most widespread: Roman Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 351 CE 394 CE
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810 Qajar 2. Second most widespread: Christianity Confident 1794 CE 1925 CE
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811 Susa II 2. Second most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion Confident 3800 BCE 3100 BCE
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812 Kalabhra Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 200 CE 600 CE
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813 * Epiclassic Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 650 CE 899 CE
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814 Nayaks of Madurai 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1529 CE 1736 CE
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815 Early Cholas 2. Second most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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816 Nayaks of Thanjavur 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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817 Late Pallava Empire 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 300 CE 890 CE
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818 Thanjavur Maratha Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1675 CE 1799 CE
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819 Early Pandyas 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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820 Roman Empire - Dominate 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 285 CE 350 CE
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821 Roman Empire - Principate 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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822 Ostrogothic Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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823 Late Roman Republic 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 133 BCE 31 BCE
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824 Rome - Republic of St Peter II 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 904 CE 1198 CE
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825 Papal States - Early Modern Period I 2. Second most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1527 CE 1648 CE
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826 Papal States - Renaissance Period 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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827 Papal States - High Medieval Period 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1198 CE 1309 CE
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828 Roman Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Etruscan Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 716 BCE 509 BCE
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829 Papal States - Early Modern Period II 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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830 Republic of St Peter I 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 711 CE 904 CE
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831 Bamana kingdom 1. Most widespread: Bamana Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1712 CE 1861 CE
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832 Egypt - Middle Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Canaanite Religion (Very small minority) Confident 2016 BCE 1700 BCE
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833 Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1550 BCE 1293 BCE
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834 Ptolemaic Kingdom I 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 305 BCE 217 BCE
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835 Emirate of Harar 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1650 CE 1875 CE
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836 Ptolemaic Kingdom II 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 217 BCE 30 BCE
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837 Fatimid Caliphate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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838 Saadi Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1554 CE 1659 CE
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839 Almoravids 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1035 CE 1150 CE
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840 Mali Empire 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1230 CE 1410 CE
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841 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I 2. Second most widespread: Coptic Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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842 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III 2. Second most widespread: Coptic Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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843 Ayyubid Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Coptic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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844 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II 2. Second most widespread: Coptic Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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845 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period 2. Second most widespread: Coptic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 868 CE 969 CE
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846 Jenne-jeno III 1. Most widespread: Jenne-jeno Religion Confident 400 CE 899 CE
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847 Jenne-jeno IV 1. Most widespread: Jenne-jeno Religion Confident 900 CE 1300 CE
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848 Yemen Hijaz 2. Second most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Confident 632 CE 661 CE
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849 Post-Mauryan Kingdoms 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 205 BCE 101 BCE
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850 Kadamba Empire 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 345 CE 550 CE
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851 Vakataka Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 255 CE 550 CE
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852 Later Wagadu Empire 1. Most widespread: Wagadu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1078 CE 1203 CE
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853 Chalukyas of Badami 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 543 CE 753 CE
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854 Bahmani Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 1347 CE 1518 CE
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855 Rashtrakuta Empire 1. Most widespread: Smarta Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 753 CE 973 CE
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856 Mubari 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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857 Kingdom of Gumma 1. Most widespread: Oromo Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1800 CE 1860 CE
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858 Kingdom of Gumma 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1860 CE 1897 CE
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859 Vijayanagara Empire 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1336 CE 1646 CE
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860 Satavahana Empire 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 100 BCE 200 CE
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861 Middle Wagadu Empire 1. Most widespread: Wagadu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 700 CE 1077 CE
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862 Early Illinois Confederation 1. Most widespread: Illini religion (Vast majority) Confident 1640 CE 1717 CE
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863 Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling 1. Most widespread: Mississippian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1055 CE 1199 CE
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864 Nkore 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1450 CE 1749 CE
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865 Gupta Empire 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 320 CE 550 CE
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866 Neolithic Middle Ganga 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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867 Kannauj - Varman Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 650 CE 780 CE
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868 Gahadavala Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1085 CE 1193 CE
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869 Mahajanapada era 1. Most widespread: Vedic Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 600 BCE 324 BCE
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870 Magadha 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 450 CE 605 CE
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871 Magadha - Maurya Empire 1. Most widespread: Vedic Hinduism Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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872 Chola Empire 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 849 CE 1280 CE
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873 Late Dutch Empire 1. Most widespread: Calvinist Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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874 Anurādhapura I 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 70 CE
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875 Pandya Empire 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1216 CE 1323 CE
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876 Anurādhapura II 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 70 CE 428 CE
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877 Early Maravi 1. Most widespread: Pre-Maravi Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1400 CE 1499 CE
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878 Anurādhapura III 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 428 CE 614 CE
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879 Anurādhapura IV 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 614 CE 1017 CE
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880 Northern Maravi Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Pre-Maravi Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1500 CE 1621 CE
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881 Freetown 1. Most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1787 CE 1808 CE
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882 Kingdom of Jimma 1. Most widespread: Oromo Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1790 CE 1881 CE
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883 Kingdom of Jimma 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1882 CE 1932 CE
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884 Early Modern Sierra Leone 1. Most widespread: Sierra Leone Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1650 CE 1896 CE
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885 Karagwe 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1500 CE 1916 CE
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886 Bugesera 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1799 CE
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887 Foys 1. Most widespread: Vodun (Vast majority) Confident 1600 CE 1892 CE
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888 Wukari Federation 1. Most widespread: Jukun Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1820 CE 1899 CE
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889 Mutapa 1. Most widespread: Mwali Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1450 CE 1880 CE
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890 Sultanate of Geledi 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1750 CE 1911 CE
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891 Hausa bakwai 1. Most widespread: Maguzanci (Vast majority) Confident 900 CE 1808 CE
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892 Great Zimbabwe 1. Most widespread: Mwali Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1270 CE 1550 CE
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893 Medri Bahri 1. Most widespread: Eritrean Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1310 CE 1750 CE
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894 Medri Bahri 1. Most widespread: Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1751 CE 1889 CE
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895 Kwararafa 1. Most widespread: Kwararafa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1500 CE 1789 CE
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896 Kwararafa 1. Most widespread: Jukun Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1790 CE 1820 CE
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897 Buganda 1. Most widespread: Buganda Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1894 CE
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898 Denyanke Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Fulani Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1490 CE 1776 CE
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899 Portuguese Empire - Early Modern 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1640 CE 1806 CE
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900 Middle and Late Nok 1. Most widespread: Nok Religion Confident 1500 BCE 901 BCE
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901 Early Nyoro 1. Most widespread: Nyoro Religion Confident 900 CE 1449 CE
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902 Whydah 1. Most widespread: Vodun (Vast majority) Confident 1671 CE 1727 CE
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903 Kingdom of Kaffa 1. Most widespread: Kaffa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1390 CE 1881 CE
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904 Kingdom of Kaffa 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 1882 CE 1897 CE
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905 Maravi Empire 1. Most widespread: Pre-Maravi Religion Confident 1622 CE 1870 CE
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906 Bito Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1894 CE
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907 Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì 1. Most widespread: Igbo Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1043 CE 1911 CE
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908 Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 1495 CE 1579 CE
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909 Middle and Late Nok 1. Most widespread: Nok Religion Confident 900 BCE 0 CE
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910 Habr Yunis 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1300 CE 1886 CE
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911 Early Sultanate of Aussa 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1734 CE 1895 CE
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912 Kingdom of Sine 1. Most widespread: Sereer Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1350 CE 1887 CE
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913 Allada 1. Most widespread: Vodun (Vast majority) Confident 1100 CE 1724 CE
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914 Adal Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1400 CE 1536 CE
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915 Adal Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 1537 CE 1543 CE
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916 Imamate of Oman and Muscat 1. Most widespread: Ibadi Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1749 CE 1895 CE
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917 Hadiya Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sidama Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1300 CE 1680 CE
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918 Kingdom of Waalo 1. Most widespread: Wolof Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1287 CE 1855 CE
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919 Burundi 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1680 CE 1903 CE
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920 Nkore 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1750 CE 1901 CE
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921 Aro 1. Most widespread: Igbo Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1690 CE 1902 CE
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922 Igodomingodo 1. Most widespread: unknown Suspected 900 CE 1450 CE
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923 Kingdom of Cayor 1. Most widespread: Wolof Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1549 CE 1864 CE
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924 Sape 1. Most widespread: Sape Traditional Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 CE 1550 CE
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925 Kingdom of Saloum 1. Most widespread: Sereer Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1490 CE 1863 CE
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926 Benin Empire 1. Most widespread: Benin Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1140 CE 1897 CE
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927 Khmer Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1432 CE 1594 CE
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928 Mossi 1. Most widespread: Mossi Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1100 CE 1897 CE
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929 Buhaya 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1890 CE
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930 Gisaka 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1867 CE
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931 Pre-Maravi 1. Most widespread: Pre-Maravi Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1151 CE 1399 CE
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932 Funj Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1504 CE 1820 CE
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933 Ottoman Empire III 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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934 Toutswe 1. Most widespread: Mwali Religion (Vast majority) Confident 700 CE 1250 CE
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935 Imamate of Futa Toro 1. Most widespread: Fulani Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1776 CE 1860 CE
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936 Ndorwa 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1800 CE
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937 Proto-Yoruboid 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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938 Majeerteen Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1750 CE 1926 CE
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939 Funan II 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism Inferred 540 CE 640 CE
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940 Classical Angkor 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism Confident 1100 CE 1220 CE
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941 Ayutthaya 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism Confident 1593 CE 1767 CE
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942 Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1454 CE 1517 CE
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943 Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan 1. Most widespread: South Arabian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 110 BCE 149 CE
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944 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Shia Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1598 CE 1651 CE
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945 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1652 CE 1805 CE
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946 Rasulid Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1229 CE 1453 CE
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947 Yemen Ziyad Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 822 CE 1037 CE
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948 Neolithic Yemen 1. Most widespread: Yemeni Late Neolithic Religion Confident 3500 BCE 1201 BCE
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949 Himyar I 1. Most widespread: South Arabian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 270 CE 340 CE
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950 Himyar II 1. Most widespread: Judaism Confident 378 CE 525 CE
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951 Qatabanian Commonwealth 1. Most widespread: South Arabian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 450 BCE 111 BCE
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952 Sabaean Commonwealth 1. Most widespread: South Arabian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 800 BCE 451 BCE
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953 Yemen - Late Bronze Age 1. Most widespread: Yemeni Late Bronze Age Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1200 BCE 801 BCE
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954 Yemen - Era of Warlords 1. Most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 1038 CE 1174 CE
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955 East Roman Empire 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 395 CE 631 CE
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956 Rouran Khaganate 1. Most widespread: Rouran Religion Confident 300 CE 555 CE
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957 Cuzco - Late Intermediate I 1. Most widespread: pre-Inca religion (Vast majority) Confident 1000 CE 1250 CE
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958 Cuzco - Late Intermediate II 1. Most widespread: Inca religion (Vast majority) Confident 1250 CE 1400 CE
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959 Inca Empire 1. Most widespread: Inca religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1375 CE 1532 CE
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960 Ottoman Empire II 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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961 Ottoman Empire I 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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962 Lysimachus Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hellenistic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 323 BCE 281 BCE
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963 Phrygian Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Phrygian Religion Confident 900 BCE 695 BCE
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964 Tabal Kingdoms 1. Most widespread: Tabalean Religion (Vast majority) Confident 900 BCE 730 BCE
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965 Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II 1. Most widespread: Hittite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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966 Seljuk Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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967 Macedonian Empire 1. Most widespread: Hellenistic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 330 BCE 312 BCE
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968 Hatti - New Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hittite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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969 Proto-Haudenosaunee Confederacy 1. Most widespread: Iroquois Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1300 CE 1565 CE
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970 Hmong - Late Qing 1. Most widespread: Hmong Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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971 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late 1. Most widespread: Iroquois Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1714 CE 1848 CE
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972 Icelandic Commonwealth 1. Most widespread: Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1000 CE 1262 CE
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973 Late Shang 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1250 BCE 1045 BCE
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974 Iban - Pre-Brooke 1. Most widespread: Iban Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1650 CE 1841 CE
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975 Late A'chik 1. Most widespread: Achik Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1867 CE 1956 CE
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976 Early A'chik 1. Most widespread: Achik Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1775 CE 1867 CE
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977 Western Han Empire 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 202 BCE 9 CE
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978 Longshan 1. Most widespread: Longshan Religion Confident 3000 BCE 1900 BCE
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979 Northern Wei 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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980 Great Yuan 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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981 Great Ming 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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982 Yangshao 1. Most widespread: Yangshao Religion Confident 5000 BCE 3000 BCE
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983 Western Zhou 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1122 BCE 771 BCE
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984 Jin 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 780 BCE 404 BCE
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985 Late Qing 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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986 Early Qing 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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987 Eastern Han Empire 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 25 CE 220 CE
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988 Sui Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 581 CE 618 CE
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989 Tang Dynasty II 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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990 Ak Koyunlu 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1339 CE 1501 CE
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991 Jin Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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992 Qin Empire 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 338 BCE 207 BCE
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993 Zungharian Empire 1. Most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Confident 1670 CE 1757 CE
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994 Uigur Khaganate 1. Most widespread: Uighur Religion (Vast majority) Confident 745 CE 840 CE
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995 Habesha 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 801 CE 1136 CE
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996 Late Xiongnu 1. Most widespread: Xiongnu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 60 BCE 100 CE
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997 Mongol Empire 1. Most widespread: Mongol Religion Confident 1206 CE 1368 CE
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998 Khitan I 1. Most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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999 Second Turk Khaganate 1. Most widespread: Turkic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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1000 Mataram Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1568 CE 1755 CE
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1001 Kediri Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hindu-Buddhism Confident 1049 CE 1222 CE
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1002 Medang Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Buda Confident 732 CE 1019 CE
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1003 Tokugawa Shogunate 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1603 CE 1665 CE
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1004 Khanate of Bukhara 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1599 CE 1747 CE
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1005 Axum I 1. Most widespread: Ethiopo-Sabaean Religion Confident 149 BCE 349 CE
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1006 Ethiopia Kingdom II 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1621 CE 1768 CE
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1007 Axum II 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 300 CE 500 CE
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1008 Buyid Confederation 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 932 CE 1062 CE
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1009 Chagatai Khanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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1010 Samanid Empire 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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1011 Ancient Khwarazm 1. Most widespread: Ancient Khwarazm Religion Confident 1000 BCE 521 BCE
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1012 Andronovo 1. Most widespread: Andronovan Religion Confident 1800 BCE 1200 BCE
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1013 Sogdiana - City-States Period 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Vast majority) Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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1014 La Tene A-B1 1. Most widespread: Celtic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 475 BCE 325 BCE
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1015 Timurid Empire 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1370 CE 1526 CE
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1016 Sarazm 1. Most widespread: Sarazm Religion Confident 3500 BCE 2000 BCE
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1017 Western Turk Khaganate 1. Most widespread: Turkic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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1018 Kushan Empire 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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1019 Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ancient Greek Religion (Vast majority) Confident 256 BCE 125 BCE
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1020 Kara-Khanids 1. Most widespread: Islam Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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1021 Hallstatt B2-3 1. Most widespread: Urnfield Culture Religion Confident 900 BCE 700 BCE
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1022 Kidarite Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Over half of the population) Confident 388 CE 477 CE
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1023 Hawaii II 1. Most widespread: Hawaiian Religion Confident 1200 CE 1580 CE
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1024 Hawaii III 1. Most widespread: Hawaiian Religion Confident 1580 CE 1778 CE
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1025 Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period 1. Most widespread: Hawaiian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1778 CE 1819 CE
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1026 Kingdom of Hawaii - Post-Kamehameha Period 1. Most widespread: Calvinist Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1820 CE 1898 CE
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1027 Archaic Crete 1. Most widespread: Ancient Greek Religion (Vast majority) Confident 710 BCE 500 BCE
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1028 The Emirate of Crete 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 824 CE 961 CE
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1029 Hellenistic Crete 1. Most widespread: Hellenistic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 323 BCE 69 BCE
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1030 New Palace Crete 1. Most widespread: New Palace Minoan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 BCE 1450 BCE
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1031 Republic of Venice IV 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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1032 Republic of Venice III 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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1033 Yisrael 1. Most widespread: Canaanite Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1030 BCE 722 BCE
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1034 Canaan 1. Most widespread: Canaanite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2000 BCE 1175 BCE
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1035 Durrani Empire 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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1036 Prepalatial Crete 1. Most widespread: Prepalatial Minoan Religion Confident 3000 BCE 1900 BCE
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1037 Monopalatial Crete 1. Most widespread: Minoan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1450 BCE 1300 BCE
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1038 Postpalatial Crete 1. Most widespread: Minoan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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1039 Final Postpalatial Crete 1. Most widespread: Minoan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1200 BCE 1000 BCE
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1040 Yehuda 1. Most widespread: Judaism (Vast majority) Confident 141 BCE 63 BCE
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1041 Phoenician Empire 1. Most widespread: Canaanite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1200 BCE 332 BCE
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1042 Indo-Greek Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ancient Greek Religion Confident 180 BCE 10 BCE
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1043 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period 1. Most widespread: unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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1044 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic 1. Most widespread: unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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1045 Sind - Samma Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1335 CE 1521 CE
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1046 Delhi Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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1047 Japan - Final Jomon 1. Most widespread: Jomon Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1200 BCE 300 BCE
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1048 Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama 1. Most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1568 CE 1603 CE
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1049 Ashikaga Shogunate 1. Most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1336 CE 1467 CE
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1050 Kansai - Kofun Period 1. Most widespread: Kofun religion Confident 250 CE 537 CE
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1051 Nara Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism Confident 710 CE 794 CE
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1052 Heian 1. Most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism Confident 794 CE 1185 CE
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1053 Kamakura Shogunate 1. Most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism Confident 1185 CE 1333 CE
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1054 Warring States Japan 1. Most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism Confident 1467 CE 1568 CE
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1055 Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 854 CE 1193 CE
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1056 Kachi Plain - Urban Period II 1. Most widespread: Harappan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2100 BCE 1800 BCE
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1057 Kachi Plain - Urban Period I 1. Most widespread: Harappan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2500 BCE 2100 BCE
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1058 Hephthalites 1. Most widespread: Buddhism (Over half of the population) Confident 408 CE 561 CE
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1059 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic 1. Most widespread: unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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1060 Monte Alban IIIB and IV 1. Most widespread: Zapotec Religion (Vast majority) Confident 500 CE 900 CE
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1061 Oaxaca - Rosario 1. Most widespread: Otomanguean Religion (Vast majority) Confident 700 BCE 500 BCE
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1062 Monte Alban V 1. Most widespread: Zapotec Religion (Vast majority) Confident 900 CE 1520 CE
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1063 Spanish Empire I 1. Most widespread: Traditional Indigenous Religions of the Americas (Vast majority) Confident 1516 CE 1715 CE
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1064 Early Monte Alban I 1. Most widespread: Zapotec Religion (Vast majority) Confident 500 BCE 300 BCE
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1065 Monte Alban Late I 1. Most widespread: Monte Alban I religion (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 100 BCE
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1066 Oaxaca - San Jose 1. Most widespread: Otomanguean Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1150 BCE 700 BCE
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1067 Oaxaca - Tierras Largas 1. Most widespread: Otomanguean Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 BCE 1150 BCE
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1068 Khadga Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 650 CE 700 CE
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1069 Magadha - Kanva Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 75 BCE 30 BCE
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1070 Sena Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1095 CE 1245 CE
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1071 Elam - Crisis Period 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1100 BCE 900 BCE
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1072 Nawabs of Bengal 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1717 CE 1757 CE
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1073 Pala Empire 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 750 CE 1174 CE
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1074 Vanga Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 550 CE 600 CE
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1075 Yadava-Varman Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1080 CE 1150 CE
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1076 Chandra Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 900 CE 1050 CE
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1077 Byzantine Empire III Other: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1073 CE 1204 CE
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1078 Twelve Bhuyans 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1538 CE 1612 CE
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1079 Sur Empire 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1540 CE 1556 CE
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1080 British Empire I 1. Most widespread: Anglican Christianity Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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1081 British East India Company 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1757 CE 1858 CE
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1082 Gangaridai 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 300 BCE 100 BCE
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1083 Magadha - Sunga Empire 1. Most widespread: Vedic Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 187 BCE 65 BCE
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1084 Bengal Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1338 CE 1538 CE
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1085 Deva Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1150 CE 1300 CE
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1086 Gauda Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 600 CE 625 CE
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1087 Tairona 1. Most widespread: Tairona Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1050 CE 1524 CE
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1088 Neguanje 1. Most widespread: Tairona Religion (Vast majority) Confident 250 CE 1050 CE
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1089 Proto-Carolingian 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 687 CE 751 CE
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1090 La Tene C2-D 1. Most widespread: Celtic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 175 BCE 27 BCE
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1091 Hallstatt D 1. Most widespread: Celtic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 600 BCE 475 BCE
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1092 French Kingdom - Late Valois 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1450 CE 1589 CE
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1093 Hallstatt C 1. Most widespread: Urnfield Culture Religion (Vast majority) Confident 700 BCE 600 BCE
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1094 Proto-French Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 987 CE 1150 CE
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1095 La Tene B2-C1 1. Most widespread: Celtic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 325 BCE 175 BCE
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1096 Carolingian Empire II 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 840 CE 987 CE
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1097 Hallstatt A-B1 1. Most widespread: Urnfield Culture Religion Confident 1000 BCE 900 BCE
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1098 Papal States - Renaissance Period 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholicism (Vast majority) Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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1099 Atlantic Complex 1. Most widespread: Urnfield Culture Religion Confident 2200 BCE 1000 BCE
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1100 Second Dynasty of Isin 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1153 BCE 1027 BCE
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1101 Dynasty of E 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 979 BCE 732 BCE
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1102 Bazi Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1005 BCE 986 BCE
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1103 Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2650 BCE 2350 BCE
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1104 Egypt - Period of the Regions 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2150 BCE 2016 BCE
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1105 Egypt - Middle Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2016 BCE 1700 BCE
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1106 Egypt - Late Old Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2350 BCE 2150 BCE
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1107 Egypt - Dynasty II 1. Most widespread: Early Dynastic Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2900 BCE 2687 BCE
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1108 Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1550 BCE 1293 BCE
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1109 * Toltecs 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 900 CE 1199 CE
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1110 Uruk 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 4000 BCE 2900 BCE
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1111 Early Dynastic 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2900 BCE 2500 BCE
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1112 Isin-Larsa 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2004 BCE 1763 BCE
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1113 Elam - Igihalkid Period 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1399 BCE 1200 BCE
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1114 Safavid Empire 1. Most widespread: Shia Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1501 CE 1722 CE
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1115 Elam - Shutrukid Period 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1199 BCE 1100 BCE
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1116 Elam - Kidinuid Period 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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1117 Elam - Late Sukkalmah 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 BCE 1500 BCE
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1118 Sasanid Empire I 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 205 CE 487 CE
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1119 Elam III 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 612 BCE 539 BCE
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1120 Elam II 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 743 BCE 647 BCE
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1121 Elam - Awan Dynasty I 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2675 BCE 2100 BCE
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1122 Elam - Early Sukkalmah 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1900 BCE 1701 BCE
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1123 Egypt - Dynasty I 1. Most widespread: Early Dynastic Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 3100 BCE 2900 BCE
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1124 Sokoto Caliphate 2. Second most widespread: Maguzanci Confident 1804 CE 1904 CE
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1125 Elymais II 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 25 CE 215 CE
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1126 Elam I 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 900 BCE 744 BCE
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1127 Elam - Shimashki Period 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2028 BCE 1940 BCE
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1128 Akkadian Empire 1. Most widespread: Akkadian Religion Confident 2270 BCE 2083 BCE
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1129 Umayyad Caliphate 1. Most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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1130 Abbasid Caliphate I 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 750 CE 946 CE
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1131 Neo-Assyrian Empire 1. Most widespread: Assyrian Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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1132 Qajar 1. Most widespread: Twelver Shia Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1794 CE 1925 CE
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1133 Habesha 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Small minority) Confident 801 CE 1136 CE
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1134 Seleucids 1. Most widespread: Babylonian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 312 BCE 63 BCE
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1135 Kalabhra Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 200 CE 600 CE
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1136 Nayaks of Madurai 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1529 CE 1736 CE
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1137 Early Cholas 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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1138 Nayaks of Thanjavur 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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1139 Ethiopia Kingdom II 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1621 CE 1768 CE
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1140 Ethiopia Kingdom II 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1621 CE 1680 CE
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1141 Late Pallava Empire 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 300 CE 890 CE
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1142 Carnatic Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1710 CE 1801 CE
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1143 Thanjavur Maratha Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1675 CE 1799 CE
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1144 Early Pandyas 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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1145 Roman Empire - Dominate 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion (Vast majority) Confident 285 CE 350 CE
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1146 Roman Empire - Dominate 1. Most widespread: Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 351 CE 394 CE
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1147 Roman Empire - Principate 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion (Vast majority) Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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1148 Ostrogothic Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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1149 Late Roman Republic 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion (Vast majority) Confident 133 BCE 31 BCE
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1150 Middle Roman Republic 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion (Vast majority) Confident 264 BCE 133 BCE
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1151 Papal States - Early Modern Period I 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1527 CE 1648 CE
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1152 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity 1. Most widespread: Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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1153 Papal States - High Medieval Period 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1198 CE 1309 CE
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1154 Roman Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion (Vast majority) Confident 716 BCE 509 BCE
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1155 Papal States - Early Modern Period II 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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1156 Latium - Iron Age 1. Most widespread: Latin Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1000 BCE 580 BCE
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1157 Rome - Republic of St Peter II 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 904 CE 1198 CE
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1158 Republic of St Peter I 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 711 CE 904 CE
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1159 Badarian 1. Most widespread: Badari religion (Vast majority) Confident 4400 BCE 3800 BCE
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1160 Ptolemaic Kingdom I 1. Most widespread: Greco-Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 305 BCE 217 BCE
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1161 Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1293 BCE 1070 BCE
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1162 Ptolemaic Kingdom II 1. Most widespread: Greco-Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 217 BCE 30 BCE
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1163 Egypt - Dynasty 0 1. Most widespread: Naqada Religion (Vast majority) Confident 3300 BCE 3100 BCE
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1164 Fatimid Caliphate 1. Most widespread: Coptic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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1165 Naqada I 1. Most widespread: Naqada Religion (Vast majority) Confident 3800 BCE 3550 BCE
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1166 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I 1. Most widespread: Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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1167 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III 1. Most widespread: Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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1168 Ayyubid Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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1169 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II 1. Most widespread: Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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1170 Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1069 BCE 747 BCE
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1171 Egypt - Saite Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 664 BCE 525 BCE
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1172 Egypt - Kushite Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 747 BCE 656 BCE
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1173 Yemen Hijaz 1. Most widespread: Coptic Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 632 CE 661 CE
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1174 Orokaiva - Colonial 1. Most widespread: Orokaiva Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1884 CE 1942 CE
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1175 Early Roman Republic 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion Confident 509 BCE 264 BCE
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1176 Proto-Carolingian 2. Second most widespread: Christianity Confident 687 CE 751 CE
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1177 Geometric Crete 1. Most widespread: Early Iron Age Cretan Religion Confident 1000 BCE 710 BCE
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1178 Chenla 1. Most widespread: Indigenous Cambodian Religion Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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1179 French Kingdom - Early Valois 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1328 CE 1450 CE
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1180 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon 1. Most widespread: Roman Christian Christianity Confident 1589 CE 1660 CE
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1181 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon 4. Fourth most widespread: Lutheran Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1589 CE 1660 CE
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1182 Habesha 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 801 CE 1136 CE
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1183 French Kingdom - Early Valois 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 1328 CE 1450 CE
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1184 French Kingdom - Late Valois 2. Second most widespread: Calvinist Christianity Confident 1450 CE 1589 CE
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1185 French Kingdom - Late Valois 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 1450 CE 1589 CE
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1186 Sokoto Caliphate 1. Most widespread: Islam Confident 1804 CE 1904 CE
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1187 Byzantine Empire II 3. Third most widespread: Syriac Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 975 CE 1072 CE
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1188 Byzantine Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Armenian Apostolic Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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1189 Byzantine Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Syriac Orthodox Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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1190 Byzantine Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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1191 Byzantine Empire II 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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1192 Byzantine Empire II Other: Islam Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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1193 Byzantine Empire III 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism Confident 1073 CE 1204 CE
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1194 East Roman Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism Confident 395 CE 631 CE
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1195 Byzantine Empire III 1. Most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 1073 CE 1204 CE
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1196 Chandra Dynasty - Confident 900 CE 1050 CE
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1197 * Segou Kingdom - Inferred 1650 CE 1712 CE
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