Section: Religious Landscape
Variable: Widespread Religion (All coded records)
This variable captures the prevalence of widespread religions within the polity. It includes the most widespread religion, the second most widespread religion, and up to the fourth most widespread religion if available. The coding indicates the degree of prevalence of the corresponding religions in the polity, providing insights into the distribution of religious beliefs across the population.  
Widespread Religion
#  Polity  Coded Value Tags Year(s) Edit Desc
1 Early Qing 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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2 Early Qing 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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3 Early Qing 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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4 Early Qing 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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5 Early Qing Other: Shamanism (Very small minority) Confident 1644 CE 1796 CE
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6 Late Qing 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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7 Late Qing 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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8 Late Qing 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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9 Late Qing 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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10 Late Qing Other: Shamanism (Very small minority) Confident 1796 CE 1912 CE
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11 * Archaic Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 6000 BCE 2001 BCE
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12 Initial Formative Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 2000 BCE 1201 BCE
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13 * Early Formative Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 1200 BCE 801 BCE
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14 * Middle Formative Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 800 BCE 401 BCE
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15 * Late Formative Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 400 BCE 101 BCE
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16 * Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 100 BCE 99 CE
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17 * Classic Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 100 CE 649 CE
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18 * Epiclassic Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 650 CE 899 CE
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19 * Toltecs 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 900 CE 1199 CE
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20 * Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico 1. Most widespread: Mesoamerican Religions (Vast majority) Confident 1200 CE 1426 CE
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21 Aztec Empire 1. Most widespread: Mexica religion (Vast majority) Confident 1427 CE 1526 CE
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22 Hawaii I 1. Most widespread: Hawaiian Religion Confident 1000 CE 1200 CE
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23 Hawaii II 1. Most widespread: Hawaiian Religion Confident 1200 CE 1580 CE
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24 Hawaii III 1. Most widespread: Hawaiian Religion Confident 1580 CE 1778 CE
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25 Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period 1. Most widespread: Hawaiian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1778 CE 1819 CE
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26 Kingdom of Hawaii - Post-Kamehameha Period 1. Most widespread: Calvinist Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1820 CE 1898 CE
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27 Kingdom of Hawaii - Post-Kamehameha Period 2. Second most widespread: Hawaiian Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1820 CE 1898 CE
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28 Oneota 1. Most widespread: Upper Mississippian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 CE 1650 CE
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29 Early Illinois Confederation 1. Most widespread: Illini religion (Vast majority) Confident 1640 CE 1717 CE
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30 Early Illinois Confederation 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1640 CE 1717 CE
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31 Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling 1. Most widespread: Mississippian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1055 CE 1199 CE
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32 Funan I 1. Most widespread: unknown Confident 225 CE 540 CE
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33 Funan I 2. Second most widespread: unknown Confident 225 CE 540 CE
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34 Funan I 3. Third most widespread: unknown Confident 225 CE 540 CE
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35 Funan I 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Confident 225 CE 540 CE
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36 Funan II 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism Inferred 540 CE 640 CE
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37 Funan II 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism Inferred 540 CE 640 CE
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38 Funan II 3. Third most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Inferred 540 CE 640 CE
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39 Chenla 1. Most widespread: Indigenous Cambodian Religion Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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40 Chenla 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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41 Chenla 3. Third most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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42 Chenla 4. Fourth most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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43 Chenla Other: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 CE 825 CE
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44 Early Angkor 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 802 CE 1100 CE
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45 Early Angkor 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 802 CE 1100 CE
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46 Early Angkor 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 802 CE 1100 CE
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47 Classical Angkor 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism Confident 1100 CE 1220 CE
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48 Classical Angkor 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism Confident 1100 CE 1220 CE
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49 Classical Angkor 3. Third most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Confident 1100 CE 1220 CE
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50 Late Angkor 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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51 Late Angkor 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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52 Late Angkor 3. Third most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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53 Late Angkor 4. Fourth most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism Confident 1220 CE 1432 CE
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54 Khmer Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1432 CE 1594 CE
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55 Khmer Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1432 CE 1594 CE
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56 Ayutthaya 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism Confident 1593 CE 1767 CE
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57 Ayutthaya 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1593 CE 1767 CE
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58 Ayutthaya 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1593 CE 1767 CE
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59 Ayutthaya 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1593 CE 1767 CE
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60 Rattanakosin 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism Confident 1782 CE 1873 CE
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61 Rattanakosin 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 1782 CE 1873 CE
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62 Rattanakosin 3. Third most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1782 CE 1873 CE
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63 Rattanakosin 4. Fourth most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1782 CE 1873 CE
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64 Medang Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Buda Confident 732 CE 1019 CE
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65 Medang Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Confident 732 CE 1019 CE
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66 Medang Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Saivist Hinduism Confident 732 CE 1019 CE
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67 Kediri Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hindu-Buddhism Confident 1049 CE 1222 CE
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68 Majapahit Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Buda (Vast majority) Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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69 Majapahit Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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70 Majapahit Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Tantric Buddhism Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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71 Majapahit Kingdom 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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72 Majapahit Kingdom Other: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1292 CE 1518 CE
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73 Mataram Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1568 CE 1755 CE
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74 Mataram Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1568 CE 1755 CE
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75 Chuuk - Early Truk 1. Most widespread: Trukese Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1775 CE 1886 CE
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76 Chuuk - Late Truk 1. Most widespread: Trukese Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1886 CE 1948 CE
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77 Chuuk - Late Truk 2. Second most widespread: Protestant Christianity Confident 1886 CE 1948 CE
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78 Chuuk - Late Truk 3. Third most widespread: Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1886 CE 1948 CE
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79 * Neolithic Crete 1. Most widespread: Neolithic Cretan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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80 Neolithic Crete 2. Second most widespread: blank Confident 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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81 Neolithic Crete 3. Third most widespread: blank Confident 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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82 Neolithic Crete 4. Fourth most widespread: blank Confident 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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83 Neolithic Crete Other: blank Confident 7000 BCE 3000 BCE
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84 Prepalatial Crete 1. Most widespread: Prepalatial Minoan Religion Confident 3000 BCE 1900 BCE
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85 Old Palace Crete 1. Most widespread: Old Palace Minoan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1900 BCE 1700 BCE
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86 New Palace Crete 1. Most widespread: New Palace Minoan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 BCE 1450 BCE
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87 Monopalatial Crete 1. Most widespread: Minoan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1450 BCE 1300 BCE
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88 Postpalatial Crete 1. Most widespread: Minoan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1300 BCE 1200 BCE
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89 Final Postpalatial Crete 1. Most widespread: Minoan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1200 BCE 1000 BCE
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90 Geometric Crete 1. Most widespread: Early Iron Age Cretan Religion Confident 1000 BCE 710 BCE
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91 Archaic Crete 1. Most widespread: Ancient Greek Religion (Vast majority) Confident 710 BCE 500 BCE
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92 * Classical Crete 1. Most widespread: Greek Religion (Vast majority) Confident 500 BCE 323 BCE
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93 Hellenistic Crete 1. Most widespread: Hellenistic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 323 BCE 69 BCE
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94 Roman Empire - Principate 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion (Vast majority) Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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95 Roman Empire - Principate 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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96 Roman Empire - Principate 3. Third most widespread: Manichaeism (Sizeable minority) Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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97 Roman Empire - Principate 4. Fourth most widespread: Mithraism (Sizeable minority) Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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98 Roman Empire - Principate Other: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 31 BCE 284 CE
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99 Roman Empire - Dominate 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion (Vast majority) Confident 285 CE 350 CE
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100 Roman Empire - Dominate 1. Most widespread: Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 351 CE 394 CE
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101 Roman Empire - Dominate 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 285 CE 350 CE
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102 Roman Empire - Dominate 2. Second most widespread: Roman Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 351 CE 394 CE
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103 Roman Empire - Dominate 3. Third most widespread: Manichaeism Confident 285 CE 394 CE
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104 East Roman Empire 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 395 CE 631 CE
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105 East Roman Empire 2. Second most widespread: Anatolian Religion Confident 395 CE 631 CE
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106 East Roman Empire 3. Third most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 395 CE 631 CE
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107 East Roman Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism Confident 395 CE 631 CE
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108 Byzantine Empire I 1. Most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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109 Byzantine Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Armenian Apostolic Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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110 Byzantine Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Syriac Orthodox Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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111 Byzantine Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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112 Byzantine Empire I Other: Marcionism Dualist Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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113 Byzantine Empire I Other: Nestorian Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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114 Byzantine Empire I Other: Tondrakism Dualist Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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115 Byzantine Empire I Other: Bogomilism Dualist Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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116 Byzantine Empire I Other: Paulicianism Dualist Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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117 Byzantine Empire I Other: Judaism Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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118 Byzantine Empire I Other: Zoroastrianism Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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119 Byzantine Empire I Other: Yazidism Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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120 Byzantine Empire I Other: Suriyanis Syriac Christianity Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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121 Byzantine Empire I Other: Monophysite Jacobites Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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122 Byzantine Empire I Other: Samaritanism Confident 632 CE 866 CE
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123 The Emirate of Crete 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 824 CE 961 CE
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124 The Emirate of Crete 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 824 CE 961 CE
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125 The Emirate of Crete 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 824 CE 961 CE
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126 Byzantine Empire II 1. Most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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127 Byzantine Empire II 2. Second most widespread: Armenian Apostolic Christianity Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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128 Byzantine Empire II 3. Third most widespread: Syriac Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 975 CE 1072 CE
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129 Byzantine Empire II 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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130 Byzantine Empire II Other: Islam Confident 867 CE 1072 CE
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131 Byzantine Empire III 1. Most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 1073 CE 1204 CE
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132 Byzantine Empire III 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism Confident 1073 CE 1204 CE
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133 Byzantine Empire III Other: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1073 CE 1204 CE
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134 Cuzco - Late Formative 1. Most widespread: pre-Inca religion Confident 500 BCE 200 CE
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135 Wari Empire 1. Most widespread: Wari religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 650 CE 999 CE
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136 * Wari Empire Other: Tiwanaku Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 650 CE 999 CE
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137 * Wari Empire Other: Nasca Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 650 CE 999 CE
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138 * Wari Empire Other: Moche Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 650 CE 999 CE
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139 Cuzco - Late Intermediate I 1. Most widespread: pre-Inca religion (Vast majority) Confident 1000 CE 1250 CE
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140 Cuzco - Late Intermediate II 1. Most widespread: Inca religion (Vast majority) Confident 1250 CE 1400 CE
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141 Inca Empire 1. Most widespread: Inca religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1375 CE 1532 CE
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142 Spanish Empire I 1. Most widespread: Traditional Indigenous Religions of the Americas (Vast majority) Confident 1516 CE 1715 CE
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143 Spanish Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1516 CE 1715 CE
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144 Spanish Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Islam Confident 1516 CE 1715 CE
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145 Spanish Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Crypto-Judaism Confident 1516 CE 1715 CE
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146 Magadha - Maurya Empire 1. Most widespread: Vedic Hinduism Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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147 Magadha - Maurya Empire 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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148 Magadha - Maurya Empire 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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149 Magadha - Maurya Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Ajivika Religion Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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150 Magadha - Maurya Empire Other: Ancient Greek Religion (Very small minority) Confident 324 BCE 187 BCE
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151 Post-Mauryan Kingdoms 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 205 BCE 101 BCE
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152 Post-Mauryan Kingdoms 2. Second most widespread: Jainism Confident 205 BCE 101 BCE
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153 Post-Mauryan Kingdoms 3. Third most widespread: Hinduism Confident 205 BCE 101 BCE
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154 Satavahana Empire 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 100 BCE 200 CE
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155 Satavahana Empire 2. Second most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Confident 100 BCE 200 CE
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156 Satavahana Empire 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 100 BCE 200 CE
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157 Vakataka Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 255 CE 550 CE
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158 Vakataka Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Confident 255 CE 550 CE
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159 Vakataka Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 255 CE 550 CE
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160 Kadamba Empire 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 345 CE 550 CE
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161 Kadamba Empire 2. Second most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 345 CE 550 CE
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162 Kadamba Empire 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 345 CE 550 CE
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163 Kadamba Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 345 CE 550 CE
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164 Chalukyas of Badami 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 543 CE 753 CE
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165 Chalukyas of Badami 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 543 CE 753 CE
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166 Chalukyas of Badami 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 543 CE 753 CE
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167 Chalukyas of Badami 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 543 CE 753 CE
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168 Rashtrakuta Empire 1. Most widespread: Smarta Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 753 CE 973 CE
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169 Rashtrakuta Empire 2. Second most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 753 CE 973 CE
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170 Rashtrakuta Empire 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 753 CE 973 CE
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171 Rashtrakuta Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 753 CE 973 CE
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172 Chalukyas of Kalyani 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 973 CE 1189 CE
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173 Chalukyas of Kalyani 2. Second most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 973 CE 1189 CE
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174 Chalukyas of Kalyani 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 973 CE 1189 CE
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175 Hoysala Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 1108 CE 1346 CE
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176 Hoysala Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1108 CE 1346 CE
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177 Hoysala Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1108 CE 1346 CE
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178 Kampili Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1280 CE 1327 CE
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179 Kampili Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1280 CE 1327 CE
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180 Vijayanagara Empire 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1336 CE 1646 CE
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181 Vijayanagara Empire 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1336 CE 1646 CE
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182 Vijayanagara Empire 3. Third most widespread: Islam Confident 1336 CE 1646 CE
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183 Vijayanagara Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Jainism Confident 1336 CE 1646 CE
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184 Proto-Haudenosaunee Confederacy 1. Most widespread: Iroquois Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1300 CE 1565 CE
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185 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early 1. Most widespread: Iroquois Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1566 CE 1713 CE
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186 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1681 CE 1713 CE
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187 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1671 CE 1680 CE
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188 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1566 CE 1670 CE
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189 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early 3. Third most widespread: Reformed Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1566 CE 1713 CE
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190 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late 1. Most widespread: Iroquois Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1714 CE 1848 CE
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191 Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late 2. Second most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1714 CE 1848 CE
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192 Canaan 1. Most widespread: Canaanite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2000 BCE 1175 BCE
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193 Phoenician Empire 1. Most widespread: Canaanite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1200 BCE 332 BCE
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194 Phoenician Empire 2. Second most widespread: Israelite Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1200 BCE 332 BCE
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195 Yisrael 1. Most widespread: Canaanite Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1030 BCE 722 BCE
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196 Yisrael 2. Second most widespread: Yahwism (Very small minority) Confident 1030 BCE 722 BCE
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197 Neo-Assyrian Empire 1. Most widespread: Assyrian Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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198 Neo-Assyrian Empire 2. Second most widespread: Babylonian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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199 Neo-Assyrian Empire 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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200 Neo-Assyrian Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritan Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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201 Neo-Assyrian Empire Other: Canaanite Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 911 BCE 612 BCE
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202 Achaemenid Empire 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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203 Achaemenid Empire 2. Second most widespread: Babylonian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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204 Achaemenid Empire 3. Third most widespread: Elamite Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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205 Achaemenid Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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206 Achaemenid Empire Other: Ancient Greek Religion Confident 550 BCE 331 BCE
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207 Seleucids 1. Most widespread: Babylonian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 312 BCE 63 BCE
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208 Seleucids 2. Second most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Confident 312 BCE 63 BCE
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209 Seleucids 3. Third most widespread: Ancient Greek Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 312 BCE 63 BCE
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210 Ptolemaic Kingdom I 1. Most widespread: Greco-Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 305 BCE 217 BCE
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211 Ptolemaic Kingdom I 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 305 BCE 217 BCE
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212 Ptolemaic Kingdom I 3. Third most widespread: unknown (Sizeable minority) Confident 305 BCE 217 BCE
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213 Yehuda 1. Most widespread: Judaism (Vast majority) Confident 141 BCE 63 BCE
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214 Yehuda 2. Second most widespread: Edomite Religion (Very small minority) Confident 141 BCE 63 BCE
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215 Early A'chik 1. Most widespread: Achik Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1775 CE 1867 CE
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216 Early A'chik 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1775 CE 1867 CE
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217 Late A'chik 1. Most widespread: Achik Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1867 CE 1956 CE
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218 Late A'chik 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1867 CE 1956 CE
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219 Akan - Pre-Ashanti 1. Most widespread: Akan Religion Confident 1501 CE 1701 CE
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220 Akan - Pre-Ashanti 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1501 CE 1701 CE
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221 Ashanti Empire 1. Most widespread: Akan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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222 Ashanti Empire 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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223 Ashanti Empire 3. Third most widespread: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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224 Icelandic Commonwealth 1. Most widespread: Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1000 CE 1262 CE
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225 Icelandic Commonwealth 1. Most widespread: Old Norse Religion (Vast majority) Confident 930 CE 999 CE
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226 Icelandic Commonwealth 2. Second most widespread: Old Norse Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1000 CE 1262 CE
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227 Icelandic Commonwealth 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 930 CE 999 CE
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228 Kingdom of Norway II 1. Most widespread: Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1262 CE 1396 CE
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229 Kingdom of Norway II 2. Second most widespread: Sami Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1262 CE 1396 CE
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230 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic 1. Most widespread: unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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231 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic 2. Second most widespread: unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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232 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic 3. Third most widespread: unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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233 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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234 Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic Other: unknown Confident 7500 BCE 5500 BCE
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235 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic 1. Most widespread: unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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236 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic 2. Second most widespread: unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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237 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic 3. Third most widespread: unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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238 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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239 Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic Other: unknown Confident 5500 BCE 4000 BCE
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240 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic 1. Most widespread: unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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241 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic 2. Second most widespread: unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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242 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic 3. Third most widespread: unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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243 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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244 Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic Other: unknown Confident 4000 BCE 3200 BCE
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245 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period 1. Most widespread: unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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246 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period 2. Second most widespread: unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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247 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period 3. Third most widespread: unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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248 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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249 Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period Other: unknown Confident 3200 BCE 2500 BCE
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250 Kachi Plain - Urban Period I 1. Most widespread: Harappan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2500 BCE 2100 BCE
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251 Kachi Plain - Urban Period II 1. Most widespread: Harappan Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2100 BCE 1800 BCE
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252 Parthian Empire I 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 247 BCE 40 CE
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253 Parthian Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 247 BCE 40 CE
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254 Parthian Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Babylonian Religion Confident 247 BCE 40 CE
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255 Parthian Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Hellenistic Religion Confident 247 BCE 40 CE
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256 Indo-Greek Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ancient Greek Religion Confident 180 BCE 10 BCE
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257 Indo-Greek Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 180 BCE 10 BCE
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258 Indo-Greek Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 180 BCE 10 BCE
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259 Kushan Empire 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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260 Kushan Empire 2. Second most widespread: Cult of Mithra Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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261 Kushan Empire 3. Third most widespread: Vedic Religion Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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262 Kushan Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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263 Kushan Empire Other: Old Iranian Religion Confident 35 CE 319 CE
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264 Sasanid Empire I 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 205 CE 487 CE
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265 * Sasanid Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Manichaeism Confident Disputed 205 CE 487 CE
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266 * Sasanid Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion Confident Disputed 205 CE 487 CE
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267 * Sasanid Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Greek Religion Confident Disputed 205 CE 487 CE
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268 * Sasanid Empire I Other: Mandeanism Confident Disputed 205 CE 487 CE
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269 Sasanid Empire I Other: Hinduism Confident 205 CE 487 CE
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270 Sasanid Empire I Other: Buddhism Confident 205 CE 487 CE
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271 Sasanid Empire I Other: Christianity Confident 205 CE 487 CE
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272 Sasanid Empire I Other: Judaism Confident 205 CE 487 CE
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273 Hephthalites 1. Most widespread: Buddhism (Over half of the population) Confident 408 CE 561 CE
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274 Hephthalites 2. Second most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Confident 408 CE 561 CE
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275 Hephthalites 3. Third most widespread: Manichaeism (Sizeable minority) Confident 408 CE 561 CE
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276 Hephthalites 4. Fourth most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 408 CE 561 CE
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277 Hephthalites Other: Hephthalite Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 408 CE 561 CE
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278 * Sasanid Empire II 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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279 * Sasanid Empire II 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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280 * Sasanid Empire II 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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281 * Sasanid Empire II 4. Fourth most widespread: Mandeanism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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282 * Sasanid Empire II Other: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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283 * Sasanid Empire II Other: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 488 CE 642 CE
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284 Umayyad Caliphate 1. Most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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285 Umayyad Caliphate 2. Second most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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286 Umayyad Caliphate 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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287 Umayyad Caliphate 4. Fourth most widespread: Sunni Islam (Very small minority) Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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288 Umayyad Caliphate Other: Shia Islam Confident 661 CE 750 CE
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289 Abbasid Caliphate I 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 750 CE 946 CE
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290 Abbasid Caliphate I 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 801 CE 946 CE
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291 Abbasid Caliphate I 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 750 CE 800 CE
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292 Abbasid Caliphate I 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 750 CE 946 CE
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293 Abbasid Caliphate I 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism Confident 750 CE 946 CE
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294 Abbasid Caliphate I Other: Buddhism Confident 750 CE 946 CE
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295 Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 854 CE 1193 CE
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296 Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 854 CE 1193 CE
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297 Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 854 CE 1193 CE
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298 Ghur Principality 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1025 CE 1215 CE
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299 Ghur Principality 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1025 CE 1215 CE
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300 Ghur Principality 3. Third most widespread: Ghur Religion Confident 1025 CE 1215 CE
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301 Delhi Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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302 Delhi Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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303 Delhi Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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304 Delhi Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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305 Delhi Sultanate Other: Sufi Islam Confident 1206 CE 1526 CE
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306 Sind - Samma Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1335 CE 1521 CE
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307 Sind - Samma Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1335 CE 1521 CE
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308 Durrani Empire 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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309 Durrani Empire 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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310 Durrani Empire 3. Third most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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311 Durrani Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Sikhism (Very small minority) Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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312 Durrani Empire Other: Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 1747 CE 1826 CE
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313 Japan - Final Jomon 1. Most widespread: Jomon Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1200 BCE 300 BCE
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314 Kansai - Yayoi Period 1. Most widespread: Yayoi Religion Confident 300 BCE 250 CE
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315 Kansai - Kofun Period 1. Most widespread: Kofun religion Confident 250 CE 537 CE
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316 Kansai - Kofun Period 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 350 CE 537 CE
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317 Asuka 1. Most widespread: Shinto Confident 538 CE 710 CE
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318 Asuka 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 538 CE 710 CE
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319 Heian 1. Most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism Confident 794 CE 1185 CE
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320 Kamakura Shogunate 1. Most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism Confident 1185 CE 1333 CE
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321 Kamakura Shogunate 2. Second most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1185 CE 1333 CE
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322 Ashikaga Shogunate 1. Most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1336 CE 1467 CE
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323 Ashikaga Shogunate 2. Second most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism Confident 1336 CE 1467 CE
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324 Ashikaga Shogunate 3. Third most widespread: Ise Shinto (Very small minority) Confident 1336 CE 1467 CE
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325 Warring States Japan 1. Most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism Confident 1467 CE 1568 CE
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326 Warring States Japan 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1467 CE 1568 CE
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327 Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama 1. Most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1568 CE 1603 CE
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328 Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1568 CE 1603 CE
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329 Tokugawa Shogunate 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1603 CE 1868 CE
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330 Tokugawa Shogunate 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1603 CE 1665 CE
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331 Tokugawa Shogunate Other: Konkō Confident 1603 CE 1868 CE
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332 Iban - Pre-Brooke 1. Most widespread: Iban Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1650 CE 1841 CE
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333 Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial 1. Most widespread: Iban Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1841 CE 1987 CE
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334 Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia 2. Second most widespread: Assyrian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 2000 BCE 1700 BCE
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335 Hatti - Old Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hittite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1650 BCE 1500 BCE
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336 Hatti - Old Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Luwian Religion Confident 1650 BCE 1500 BCE
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337 Hatti - Old Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Paphlagonian Religion Confident 1650 BCE 1500 BCE
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338 Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II 1. Most widespread: Hittite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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339 Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II 2. Second most widespread: Luwian Religion Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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340 Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II 3. Third most widespread: Paphlagonian Religion Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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341 Hatti - New Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hittite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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342 Hatti - New Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Hurrian Religion Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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343 Hatti - New Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Palaian Religion Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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344 Hatti - New Kingdom 4. Fourth most widespread: Luwian Religion Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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345 Hatti - New Kingdom Other: Babylonian Religion Confident 1400 BCE 1180 BCE
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346 Neo-Hittite Kingdoms 1. Most widespread: Hittite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1180 BCE 900 BCE
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347 Phrygian Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Phrygian Religion Confident 900 BCE 695 BCE
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348 Tabal Kingdoms 1. Most widespread: Tabalean Religion (Vast majority) Confident 900 BCE 730 BCE
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349 Kingdom of Lydia 1. Most widespread: Phrygian Religion Confident 670 BCE 546 BCE
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350 Lysimachus Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hellenistic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 323 BCE 281 BCE
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351 Rum Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 1077 CE 1307 CE
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352 Rum Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1077 CE 1307 CE
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353 Ilkhanate 1. Most widespread: Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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354 Ilkhanate 2. Second most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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355 Ilkhanate 3. Third most widespread: Armenian Apostolic Christianity Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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356 Ilkhanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Monophysite Christianity Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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357 Ilkhanate Other: Judaism Confident 1256 CE 1339 CE
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358 Ottoman Emirate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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359 Ottoman Emirate 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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360 Ottoman Emirate 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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361 Ottoman Emirate 4. Fourth most widespread: Armenian Apostolic Christianity Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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362 Ottoman Emirate Other: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1299 CE 1402 CE
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363 Ottoman Empire I 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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364 Ottoman Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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365 Ottoman Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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366 Ottoman Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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367 Ottoman Empire I Other: Shia Islam Confident 1402 CE 1517 CE
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368 Ottoman Empire II 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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369 Ottoman Empire II 2. Second most widespread: Sufism Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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370 Ottoman Empire II 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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371 Ottoman Empire II 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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372 Ottoman Empire II Other: Shia Islam Confident 1517 CE 1683 CE
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373 Ottoman Empire III 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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374 Ottoman Empire III 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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375 Ottoman Empire III 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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376 Ottoman Empire III 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Small minority) Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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377 Ottoman Empire III Other: Shia Islam Confident 1683 CE 1839 CE
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378 Ottoman Empire IV 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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379 Ottoman Empire IV 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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380 Ottoman Empire IV 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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381 Ottoman Empire IV 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Small minority) Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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382 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Shia Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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383 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Baha’i Religion Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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384 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Protestant Christianity Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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385 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Maronite Christianity Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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386 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Kurdish Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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387 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Kizilbas Shia Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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388 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Nestorian Christianity Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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389 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Chaldean Catholic Religion Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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390 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Druze Religion Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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391 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Catholic Melkites Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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392 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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393 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Greek Catholic Unitates Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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394 Ottoman Empire IV Other: Metwalis Sect Shiite Islam Confident 1839 CE 1922 CE
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395 Latium - Copper Age 1. Most widespread: Latium Copper Age religion (Vast majority) Confident 3600 BCE 1800 BCE
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396 Latium - Bronze Age 1. Most widespread: Appenine religion (Vast majority) Confident 1800 BCE 900 BCE
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397 Latium - Iron Age 1. Most widespread: Latin Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1000 BCE 580 BCE
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398 Roman Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion (Vast majority) Confident 716 BCE 509 BCE
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399 Roman Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Etruscan Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 716 BCE 509 BCE
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400 Early Roman Republic 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion Confident 509 BCE 264 BCE
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401 Middle Roman Republic 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion (Vast majority) Confident 264 BCE 133 BCE
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402 Late Roman Republic 1. Most widespread: Roman Religion (Vast majority) Confident 133 BCE 31 BCE
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403 Late Roman Republic 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 133 BCE 31 BCE
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404 Late Roman Republic 3. Third most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion Confident 133 BCE 31 BCE
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405 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity 1. Most widespread: Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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406 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity 2. Second most widespread: Roman Religion Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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407 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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408 Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritanism (Sizeable minority) Confident 395 CE 476 CE
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409 Ostrogothic Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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410 Ostrogothic Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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411 Ostrogothic Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Arianism (Very small minority) Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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412 Ostrogothic Kingdom 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritanism (Very small minority) Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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413 Ostrogothic Kingdom Other: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 489 CE 554 CE
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414 Republic of St Peter I 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 711 CE 904 CE
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415 Republic of St Peter I 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 711 CE 904 CE
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416 Republic of St Peter I 3. Third most widespread: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 711 CE 904 CE
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417 Rome - Republic of St Peter II 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 904 CE 1198 CE
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418 Rome - Republic of St Peter II 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 904 CE 1198 CE
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419 Rome - Republic of St Peter II 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 904 CE 1198 CE
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420 Papal States - High Medieval Period 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1198 CE 1309 CE
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421 Papal States - High Medieval Period 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1198 CE 1309 CE
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422 Papal States - High Medieval Period 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1198 CE 1309 CE
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423 Papal States - Renaissance Period 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholicism (Vast majority) Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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424 Papal States - Renaissance Period 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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425 Papal States - Renaissance Period 3. Third most widespread: Protestantism (Very small minority) Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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426 Papal States - Renaissance Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1378 CE 1527 CE
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427 Papal States - Early Modern Period I 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1527 CE 1648 CE
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428 Papal States - Early Modern Period I 2. Second most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1527 CE 1648 CE
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429 Papal States - Early Modern Period I 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1527 CE 1648 CE
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430 Papal States - Early Modern Period I 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1527 CE 1648 CE
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431 Papal States - Early Modern Period II 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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432 Papal States - Early Modern Period II 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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433 Papal States - Early Modern Period II 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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434 Papal States - Early Modern Period II 4. Fourth most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1648 CE 1809 CE
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435 Sakha - Early 1. Most widespread: Sakha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 CE 1632 CE
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436 Sakha - Late 1. Most widespread: Sakha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1632 CE 1900 CE
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437 Sakha - Late 2. Second most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Confident 1632 CE 1900 CE
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438 Shuar - Colonial 1. Most widespread: Shuar Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1534 CE 1830 CE
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439 Shuar - Ecuadorian 1. Most widespread: Shuar Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1831 CE 1931 CE
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440 Shuar - Ecuadorian 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1831 CE 1931 CE
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441 Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1550 BCE 1293 BCE
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442 Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1550 BCE 1293 BCE
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443 Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1293 BCE 1070 BCE
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444 Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1069 BCE 747 BCE
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445 Egypt - Saite Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 664 BCE 525 BCE
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446 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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447 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period 2. Second most widespread: Ancient Greek Religion Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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448 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period 3. Third most widespread: Canaanite Religion Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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449 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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450 Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period Other: Judaism Confident 404 BCE 342 BCE
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451 Ptolemaic Kingdom II 1. Most widespread: Greco-Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 217 BCE 30 BCE
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452 Ptolemaic Kingdom II 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 217 BCE 30 BCE
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453 Axum I 1. Most widespread: Ethiopo-Sabaean Religion Confident 149 BCE 349 CE
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454 Axum I 2. Second most widespread: Ancient Ona Religion Confident 149 BCE 349 CE
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455 Axum I 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 149 BCE 349 CE
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456 Axum II 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 300 CE 500 CE
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457 Axum II 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 501 CE 599 CE
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458 Axum II 2. Second most widespread: Ethiopian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 501 CE 599 CE
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459 Axum II 2. Second most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 300 CE 500 CE
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460 Axum II 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 350 CE 599 CE
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461 Axum III 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 600 CE 800 CE
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462 Axum III 2. Second most widespread: Ethiopian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 600 CE 800 CE
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463 Axum III 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 600 CE 800 CE
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464 Middle Wagadu Empire 1. Most widespread: Wagadu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 700 CE 1077 CE
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465 Middle Wagadu Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 700 CE 1077 CE
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466 Kanem Empire 1. Most widespread: unknown Suspected 850 CE 1380 CE
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467 Fatimid Caliphate 1. Most widespread: Coptic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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468 Fatimid Caliphate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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469 Fatimid Caliphate 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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470 Fatimid Caliphate 4. Fourth most widespread: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 909 CE 1171 CE
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471 Almoravids 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1035 CE 1150 CE
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472 Almoravids 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1035 CE 1150 CE
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473 Almoravids 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1035 CE 1150 CE
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474 Later Wagadu Empire 1. Most widespread: Wagadu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1078 CE 1203 CE
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475 Later Wagadu Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1078 CE 1203 CE
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476 Zagwe 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1137 CE 1269 CE
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477 Mali Empire 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1230 CE 1410 CE
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478 Mali Empire 2. Second most widespread: Mande Religion Confident 1230 CE 1410 CE
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479 Mali Empire Other: indigenous African beliefs Confident 1230 CE 1410 CE
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480 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I 1. Most widespread: Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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481 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I 2. Second most widespread: Coptic Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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482 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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483 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritanism Confident 1260 CE 1348 CE
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484 Ethiopia Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1270 CE 1500 CE
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485 Ethiopia Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1270 CE 1500 CE
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486 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II 1. Most widespread: Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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487 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II 2. Second most widespread: Coptic Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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488 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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489 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritanism Confident 1348 CE 1412 CE
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490 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III 1. Most widespread: Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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491 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III 2. Second most widespread: Coptic Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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492 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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493 Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III 4. Fourth most widespread: Samaritanism Confident 1412 CE 1517 CE
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494 * Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Songhai Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1493 CE 1591 CE
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495 * Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1493 CE 1591 CE
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496 Late Shang 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1250 BCE 1045 BCE
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497 Late Shang 2. Second most widespread: Shang Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1250 BCE 1045 BCE
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498 Western Zhou 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1122 BCE 771 BCE
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499 Jin 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 780 BCE 404 BCE
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500 Qin Empire 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 338 BCE 207 BCE
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501 Western Han Empire 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 202 BCE 9 CE
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502 Western Han Empire 2. Second most widespread: Daoism Confident 202 BCE 9 CE
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503 Western Han Empire 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 202 BCE 9 CE
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504 Western Han Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism Confident 202 BCE 9 CE
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505 Eastern Han Empire 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 25 CE 220 CE
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506 Eastern Han Empire 2. Second most widespread: Confucianism Confident 25 CE 220 CE
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507 Eastern Han Empire 3. Third most widespread: Daoism Confident 25 CE 220 CE
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508 Eastern Han Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism Confident 25 CE 220 CE
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509 Western Jin 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 265 CE 317 CE
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510 Western Jin 2. Second most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 265 CE 317 CE
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511 Western Jin 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 265 CE 317 CE
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512 Western Jin 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 265 CE 317 CE
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513 Northern Wei 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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514 Northern Wei 2. Second most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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515 Northern Wei 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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516 Northern Wei 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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517 Northern Wei Other: Tuoba Religion (Very small minority) Confident 386 CE 534 CE
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518 Sui Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 581 CE 618 CE
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519 Sui Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 581 CE 618 CE
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520 Sui Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 581 CE 618 CE
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521 Sui Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 581 CE 618 CE
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522 * Tang Dynasty I 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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523 * Tang Dynasty I 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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524 * Tang Dynasty I 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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525 * Tang Dynasty I 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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526 * Tang Dynasty I Other: Nestorian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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527 * Tang Dynasty I Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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528 * Tang Dynasty I Other: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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529 * Tang Dynasty I Other: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 617 CE 763 CE
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530 Nara Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Shinto-Buddhism Confident 710 CE 794 CE
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531 Tang Dynasty II 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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532 Tang Dynasty II 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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533 Tang Dynasty II 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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534 Tang Dynasty II 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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535 * Tang Dynasty II Other: Nestorian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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536 * Tang Dynasty II Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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537 * Tang Dynasty II Other: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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538 Tang Dynasty II Other: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 763 CE 907 CE
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539 Jin Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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540 Jin Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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541 Jin Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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542 Jin Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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543 Jin Dynasty Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1115 CE 1234 CE
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544 Mongol Empire 1. Most widespread: Mongol Religion Confident 1206 CE 1368 CE
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545 Mongol Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1206 CE 1368 CE
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546 Mongol Empire 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1206 CE 1368 CE
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547 Mongol Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Daoism Confident 1206 CE 1368 CE
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548 Mongol Empire Other: Christianity Confident 1206 CE 1368 CE
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549 Great Yuan 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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550 Great Yuan 2. Second most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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551 Great Yuan 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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552 Great Yuan 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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553 Great Yuan Other: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1271 CE 1368 CE
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554 Great Ming 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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555 Great Ming 2. Second most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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556 Great Ming 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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557 Great Ming 4. Fourth most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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558 Great Ming Other: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1368 CE 1644 CE
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559 Xiongnu Imperial Confederation 1. Most widespread: Xiongnu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 209 BCE 60 BCE
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560 Late Xiongnu 1. Most widespread: Xiongnu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 60 BCE 100 CE
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561 Rouran Khaganate 1. Most widespread: Rouran Religion Confident 300 CE 555 CE
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562 Rouran Khaganate 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 300 CE 555 CE
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563 Kidarite Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Over half of the population) Confident 388 CE 477 CE
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564 Kidarite Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Hinayana Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 388 CE 477 CE
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565 Kidarite Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 388 CE 477 CE
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566 Western Turk Khaganate 1. Most widespread: Turkic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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567 Western Turk Khaganate 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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568 Western Turk Khaganate 3. Third most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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569 Western Turk Khaganate 4. Fourth most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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570 Western Turk Khaganate Other: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 582 CE 630 CE
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571 Eastern Turk Khaganate 1. Most widespread: Turkic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 583 CE 630 CE
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572 Eastern Turk Khaganate 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 583 CE 630 CE
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573 Eastern Turk Khaganate 3. Third most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 583 CE 630 CE
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574 Eastern Turk Khaganate 4. Fourth most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 583 CE 630 CE
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575 Eastern Turk Khaganate Other: Manichaeism (Very small minority) Confident 583 CE 630 CE
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576 Uigur Khaganate 1. Most widespread: Uighur Religion (Vast majority) Confident 745 CE 840 CE
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577 Uigur Khaganate 2. Second most widespread: Manichaeism (Sizeable minority) Confident 745 CE 840 CE
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578 Samanid Empire 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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579 Samanid Empire 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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580 Samanid Empire 3. Third most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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581 Samanid Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Sufi Islam (Very small minority) Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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582 Samanid Empire Other: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 819 CE 999 CE
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583 Khitan I 1. Most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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584 Khitan I 2. Second most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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585 Khitan I 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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586 Khitan I 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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587 Khitan I Other: Khitan Religion (Very small minority) Confident 907 CE 1125 CE
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588 Kara-Khanids 1. Most widespread: Islam Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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589 Kara-Khanids 2. Second most widespread: Zoroastrianism/Mazdiaism Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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590 Kara-Khanids 3. Third most widespread: Christianity Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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591 Kara-Khanids 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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592 Kara-Khanids Other: shaminism Confident 950 CE 1212 CE
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593 Chagatai Khanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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594 Chagatai Khanate 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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595 Chagatai Khanate 3. Third most widespread: Mongolian Shamanism Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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596 Chagatai Khanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Nestorian Christianity Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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597 Chagatai Khanate Other: Zoroastrianism Confident 1263 CE 1402 CE
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598 Early Merovingian 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Religion Confident 481 CE 543 CE
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599 Early Merovingian 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 530 CE 543 CE
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600 Early Merovingian 2. Second most widespread: Arian Christianity Confident 481 CE 530 CE
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601 Middle Merovingian 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 543 CE 687 CE
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602 Middle Merovingian 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 543 CE 687 CE
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603 Middle Merovingian Other: Arian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 543 CE 687 CE
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604 Carolingian Empire I 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 752 CE 840 CE
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605 Carolingian Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Germanic Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 752 CE 840 CE
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606 Carolingian Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 752 CE 840 CE
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607 Carolingian Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 752 CE 840 CE
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608 Carolingian Empire II 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 840 CE 987 CE
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609 Carolingian Empire II 2. Second most widespread: Germanic Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 840 CE 987 CE
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610 Carolingian Empire II 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 840 CE 987 CE
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611 French Kingdom - Early Valois 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1328 CE 1450 CE
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612 French Kingdom - Early Valois 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 1328 CE 1450 CE
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613 Kassite Babylonia 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1595 BCE 1150 BCE
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614 Neo-Babylonian Empire 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 626 BCE 539 BCE
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615 Neo-Babylonian Empire 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 626 BCE 539 BCE
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616 Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ancient Greek Religion (Vast majority) Confident 256 BCE 125 BCE
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617 Himyar I 1. Most widespread: South Arabian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 270 CE 340 CE
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618 Himyar II 1. Most widespread: Judaism Confident 378 CE 525 CE
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619 Himyar II 2. Second most widespread: Christianity Confident 378 CE 525 CE
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620 Himyar II 3. Third most widespread: South Arabian Religion Confident 378 CE 525 CE
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621 Yemen Hijaz 1. Most widespread: Coptic Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 632 CE 661 CE
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622 Yemen Hijaz 2. Second most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Confident 632 CE 661 CE
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623 Yemen Hijaz 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 632 CE 661 CE
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624 Yemen Hijaz 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 632 CE 661 CE
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625 Yemen Ziyad Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 822 CE 1037 CE
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626 Yemen Ziyad Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 822 CE 1037 CE
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627 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 868 CE 969 CE
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628 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period 2. Second most widespread: Coptic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 868 CE 969 CE
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629 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 868 CE 969 CE
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630 Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 868 CE 969 CE
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631 Buyid Confederation 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 932 CE 1062 CE
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632 Buyid Confederation 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 932 CE 1062 CE
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633 Seljuk Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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634 Seljuk Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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635 Seljuk Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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636 Seljuk Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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637 Seljuk Sultanate Other: Cult of Al-Muqanna (Very small minority) Confident 1037 CE 1157 CE
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638 Yemen - Era of Warlords 1. Most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 1038 CE 1174 CE
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639 Ayyubid Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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640 Ayyubid Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Coptic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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641 Ayyubid Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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642 Ayyubid Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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643 Ayyubid Sultanate Other: Arminianism Christianity Confident 1171 CE 1250 CE
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644 Rasulid Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1229 CE 1453 CE
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645 Rasulid Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1229 CE 1453 CE
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646 Rasulid Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1229 CE 1453 CE
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647 Rasulid Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 1229 CE 1453 CE
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648 Timurid Empire 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1370 CE 1526 CE
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649 Timurid Empire 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1370 CE 1526 CE
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650 Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1454 CE 1517 CE
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651 Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1454 CE 1517 CE
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652 Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1454 CE 1517 CE
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653 Safavid Empire 1. Most widespread: Shia Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1501 CE 1722 CE
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654 Safavid Empire 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1501 CE 1722 CE
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655 Safavid Empire 3. Third most widespread: Eastern Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1501 CE 1722 CE
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656 Safavid Empire Other: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 1501 CE 1722 CE
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657 Mahajanapada era 1. Most widespread: Vedic Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 600 BCE 324 BCE
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658 Mahajanapada era 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 600 BCE 324 BCE
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659 Mahajanapada era 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Very small minority) Confident 600 BCE 324 BCE
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660 Magadha - Sunga Empire 1. Most widespread: Vedic Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 187 BCE 65 BCE
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661 Magadha - Sunga Empire 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 187 BCE 65 BCE
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662 Gupta Empire 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 320 CE 550 CE
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663 Gupta Empire 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 320 CE 550 CE
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664 Gupta Empire 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 320 CE 550 CE
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665 Magadha 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 450 CE 605 CE
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666 Magadha 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 450 CE 605 CE
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667 Magadha 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 450 CE 605 CE
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668 Pala Empire 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 750 CE 1174 CE
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669 Pala Empire 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 750 CE 1174 CE
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670 Pala Empire 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 750 CE 1174 CE
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671 Chola Empire 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 849 CE 1280 CE
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672 Chola Empire 2. Second most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 849 CE 1280 CE
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673 Gahadavala Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1085 CE 1193 CE
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674 Gahadavala Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1085 CE 1193 CE
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675 * Kalachuris of Kalyani 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 1157 CE 1184 CE
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676 * Kalachuris of Kalyani 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 1157 CE 1184 CE
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677 Kalachuris of Kalyani 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1157 CE 1184 CE
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678 Kalachuris of Kalyani 4. Fourth most widespread: Jainism (Very small minority) Confident 1157 CE 1184 CE
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679 Bengal Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1338 CE 1538 CE
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680 Bengal Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Saktist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1338 CE 1538 CE
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681 Bengal Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1338 CE 1538 CE
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682 Bengal Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 1338 CE 1538 CE
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683 Bahmani Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 1347 CE 1518 CE
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684 Bahmani Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1347 CE 1518 CE
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685 Bahmani Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1347 CE 1518 CE
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686 Bahmani Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1347 CE 1518 CE
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687 Neolithic Middle Ganga 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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688 Neolithic Middle Ganga 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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689 Neolithic Middle Ganga 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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690 Neolithic Middle Ganga 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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691 Neolithic Middle Ganga Other: Sikhism (Very small minority) Confident 7000 BCE 3001 BCE
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692 Kannauj - Varman Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Hinduism Confident 650 CE 780 CE
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693 Kannauj - Varman Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism Confident 650 CE 780 CE
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694 Kannauj - Varman Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 650 CE 780 CE
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695 Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 730 CE 1030 CE
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696 Yangshao 1. Most widespread: Yangshao Religion Confident 5000 BCE 3000 BCE
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697 Longshan 1. Most widespread: Longshan Religion Confident 3000 BCE 1900 BCE
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698 Early Wei Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 445 BCE 225 BCE
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699 * Northern Song 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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700 * Northern Song 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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701 * Northern Song 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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702 * Northern Song 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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703 * Northern Song Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 960 CE 1127 CE
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704 Jenne-jeno I 1. Most widespread: Jenne-jeno Religion Confident 250 BCE 49 CE
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705 Jenne-jeno II 1. Most widespread: Jenne-jeno Religion Confident 50 CE 399 CE
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706 Jenne-jeno III 1. Most widespread: Jenne-jeno Religion Confident 400 CE 899 CE
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707 Jenne-jeno IV 1. Most widespread: Jenne-jeno Religion Confident 900 CE 1300 CE
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708 Saadi Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1554 CE 1659 CE
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709 Saadi Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 1554 CE 1659 CE
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710 Saadi Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Christianity Confident 1554 CE 1659 CE
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711 Saadi Sultanate Other: Qadiri Sufi Order Confident 1554 CE 1659 CE
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712 * Segou Kingdom - Inferred 1650 CE 1712 CE
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713 * Segou Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Small minority) Inferred 1650 CE 1712 CE
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714 Bamana kingdom 1. Most widespread: Bamana Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1712 CE 1861 CE
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715 Bamana kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1712 CE 1861 CE
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716 Neguanje 1. Most widespread: Tairona Religion (Vast majority) Confident 250 CE 1050 CE
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717 Tairona 1. Most widespread: Tairona Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1050 CE 1524 CE
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718 Early Xiongnu 1. Most widespread: Xiongnu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 BCE 300 BCE
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719 Xianbei Confederation 1. Most widespread: Tengrism (Vast majority) Confident 100 CE 250 CE
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720 Second Turk Khaganate 1. Most widespread: Turkic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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721 Second Turk Khaganate 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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722 Second Turk Khaganate 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Very small minority) Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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723 Second Turk Khaganate 4. Fourth most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Very small minority) Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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724 Second Turk Khaganate Other: Nestorian Christianity Manicheism (Very small minority) Confident 682 CE 744 CE
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725 * Early Mongols 1. Most widespread: Tengrism (Vast majority) Confident 1000 CE 1206 CE
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726 * Early Mongols 2. Second most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1000 CE 1206 CE
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727 Late Mongols 1. Most widespread: Tengrism (Vast majority) Confident 1368 CE 1690 CE
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728 Late Mongols 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1368 CE 1690 CE
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729 Late Mongols 3. Third most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1368 CE 1690 CE
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730 Zungharian Empire 1. Most widespread: Mahayana Buddhism Confident 1670 CE 1757 CE
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731 Zungharian Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1670 CE 1757 CE
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732 Zungharian Empire 3. Third most widespread: Mongolian Shamanism (Very small minority) Confident 1670 CE 1757 CE
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733 Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial 1. Most widespread: Orokaiva Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1734 CE 1883 CE
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734 Orokaiva - Colonial 1. Most widespread: Orokaiva Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1884 CE 1942 CE
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735 Orokaiva - Colonial 2. Second most widespread: Anglican Christianity Confident 1884 CE 1942 CE
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736 Atlantic Complex 1. Most widespread: Urnfield Culture Religion Confident 2200 BCE 1000 BCE
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737 Hallstatt A-B1 1. Most widespread: Urnfield Culture Religion Confident 1000 BCE 900 BCE
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738 Hallstatt B2-3 1. Most widespread: Urnfield Culture Religion Confident 900 BCE 700 BCE
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739 Hallstatt C 1. Most widespread: Urnfield Culture Religion (Vast majority) Confident 700 BCE 600 BCE
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740 Hallstatt D 1. Most widespread: Celtic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 600 BCE 475 BCE
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741 La Tene A-B1 1. Most widespread: Celtic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 475 BCE 325 BCE
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742 La Tene B2-C1 1. Most widespread: Celtic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 325 BCE 175 BCE
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743 La Tene C2-D 1. Most widespread: Celtic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 175 BCE 27 BCE
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744 Proto-Carolingian 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 687 CE 751 CE
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745 Proto-Carolingian 2. Second most widespread: Christianity Confident 687 CE 751 CE
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746 Proto-Carolingian 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 687 CE 751 CE
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747 Proto-French Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 987 CE 1150 CE
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748 Proto-French Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 987 CE 1150 CE
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749 French Kingdom - Late Capetian 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1150 CE 1328 CE
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750 French Kingdom - Late Capetian 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1150 CE 1328 CE
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751 French Kingdom - Late Valois 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1450 CE 1589 CE
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752 French Kingdom - Late Valois 2. Second most widespread: Calvinist Christianity Confident 1450 CE 1589 CE
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753 French Kingdom - Late Valois 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 1450 CE 1589 CE
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754 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon 1. Most widespread: Roman Christian Christianity Confident 1589 CE 1660 CE
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755 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon 2. Second most widespread: Calvinist Christianity Confident 1589 CE 1660 CE
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756 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 1589 CE 1660 CE
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757 French Kingdom - Early Bourbon 4. Fourth most widespread: Lutheran Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1589 CE 1660 CE
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758 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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759 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon 2. Second most widespread: Calvinist Protestant Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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760 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon 3. Third most widespread: Lutheran Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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761 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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762 * French Kingdom - Late Bourbon Other: North American Indigenous Religion Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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763 French Kingdom - Late Bourbon Other: Islam Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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764 * French Kingdom - Late Bourbon Other: Vodun Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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765 * French Kingdom - Late Bourbon Other: Hinduism Confident 1660 CE 1815 CE
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766 Sarazm 1. Most widespread: Sarazm Religion Confident 3500 BCE 2000 BCE
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767 Andronovo 1. Most widespread: Andronovan Religion Confident 1800 BCE 1200 BCE
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768 Ancient Khwarazm 1. Most widespread: Ancient Khwarazm Religion Confident 1000 BCE 521 BCE
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769 Sogdiana - City-States Period 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Vast majority) Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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770 Sogdiana - City-States Period 2. Second most widespread: Manichaeism (Sizeable minority) Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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771 Sogdiana - City-States Period 3. Third most widespread: Nestorian Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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772 Sogdiana - City-States Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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773 Sogdiana - City-States Period Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 604 CE 711 CE
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774 Khanate of Bukhara 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1599 CE 1747 CE
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775 Khanate of Bukhara 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam Confident 1599 CE 1747 CE
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776 Khanate of Bukhara 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 1599 CE 1747 CE
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777 Hmong - Late Qing 1. Most widespread: Hmong Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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778 Hmong - Late Qing 2. Second most widespread: Hmong Millenarianism Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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779 Hmong - Late Qing 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1701 CE 1895 CE
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780 Hmong - Early Chinese 1. Most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1895 CE 1941 CE
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781 Hmong - Early Chinese 2. Second most widespread: Hmong Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1895 CE 1941 CE
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782 Hmong - Early Chinese 3. Third most widespread: Hmong Millenarianism Confident 1895 CE 1941 CE
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783 Ubaid 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion Confident 5500 BCE 4201 BCE
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784 Uruk 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 4000 BCE 2900 BCE
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785 Early Dynastic 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2900 BCE 2500 BCE
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786 Akkadian Empire 1. Most widespread: Akkadian Religion Confident 2270 BCE 2083 BCE
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787 Akkadian Empire 2. Second most widespread: Sumerian Religion Confident 2270 BCE 2083 BCE
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788 Ur - Dynasty III 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2112 BCE 2004 BCE
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789 Isin-Larsa 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2004 BCE 1763 BCE
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790 Amorite Babylonia 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2000 BCE 1600 BCE
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791 Second Dynasty of Isin 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1153 BCE 1027 BCE
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792 Bazi Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1005 BCE 986 BCE
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793 Dynasty of E 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 979 BCE 732 BCE
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794 * Parthian Empire II 1. Most widespread: Zoroastrianism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 41 CE 226 CE
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795 * Parthian Empire II 2. Second most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Inferred 41 CE 226 CE
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796 * Parthian Empire II 3. Third most widespread: Babylonian Religion (Sizeable minority) Inferred 41 CE 226 CE
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797 * Parthian Empire II 4. Fourth most widespread: Hellenistic Religion (Sizeable minority) Inferred 41 CE 226 CE
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798 Abbasid Caliphate II 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Inferred 1191 CE 1258 CE
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799 Abbasid Caliphate II 2. Second most widespread: Sufi Islam (Sizeable minority) Inferred 1191 CE 1258 CE
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800 Abbasid Caliphate II 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Inferred 1191 CE 1258 CE
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801 * Abbasid Caliphate II 4. Fourth most widespread: Syriac Orthodox Christianity (Minority) Confident 1191 CE 1258 CE
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802 * Abbasid Caliphate II Other: Judaism (Minority) Confident 1191 CE 1258 CE
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803 * Abbasid Caliphate II Other: Catholic Melkites (Minority) Confident 1191 CE 1258 CE
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804 Susa II 2. Second most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion Confident 3800 BCE 3100 BCE
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805 Elam - Awan Dynasty I 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2675 BCE 2100 BCE
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806 Elam - Shimashki Period 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2028 BCE 1940 BCE
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807 Elam - Early Sukkalmah 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1900 BCE 1701 BCE
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808 Elam - Late Sukkalmah 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 BCE 1500 BCE
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809 Elam - Kidinuid Period 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion Confident 1500 BCE 1400 BCE
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810 Elam - Igihalkid Period 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1399 BCE 1200 BCE
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811 Elam - Shutrukid Period 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1199 BCE 1100 BCE
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812 Elam - Crisis Period 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1100 BCE 900 BCE
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813 Elam I 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 900 BCE 744 BCE
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814 Elam II 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 743 BCE 647 BCE
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815 Elam III 1. Most widespread: Elamite Religion (Vast majority) Confident 612 BCE 539 BCE
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816 Macedonian Empire 1. Most widespread: Hellenistic Religion (Vast majority) Confident 330 BCE 312 BCE
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817 Elymais II 1. Most widespread: Mesopotamian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 25 CE 215 CE
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818 Ak Koyunlu 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam Confident 1339 CE 1501 CE
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819 Ak Koyunlu 2. Second most widespread: Armenian Apostolic Christianity Confident 1339 CE 1501 CE
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820 Ak Koyunlu 3. Third most widespread: Kurdish Christianity Confident 1339 CE 1501 CE
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821 Qajar 1. Most widespread: Twelver Shia Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1794 CE 1925 CE
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822 Qajar 2. Second most widespread: Christianity Confident 1794 CE 1925 CE
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823 Qajar 3. Third most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 1794 CE 1925 CE
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824 Qajar 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1794 CE 1925 CE
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825 Qajar Other: Shaykhism (Very small minority) Confident 1794 CE 1925 CE
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826 Badarian 1. Most widespread: Badari religion (Vast majority) Confident 4400 BCE 3800 BCE
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827 Naqada I 1. Most widespread: Naqada Religion (Vast majority) Confident 3800 BCE 3550 BCE
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828 Naqada II 1. Most widespread: Naqada Religion (Vast majority) Confident 3550 BCE 3300 BCE
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829 Egypt - Dynasty 0 1. Most widespread: Naqada Religion (Vast majority) Confident 3300 BCE 3100 BCE
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830 Egypt - Dynasty I 1. Most widespread: Early Dynastic Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 3100 BCE 2900 BCE
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831 Egypt - Dynasty II 1. Most widespread: Early Dynastic Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2900 BCE 2687 BCE
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832 Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2650 BCE 2350 BCE
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833 Egypt - Late Old Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2350 BCE 2150 BCE
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834 Egypt - Period of the Regions 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2150 BCE 2016 BCE
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835 Egypt - Middle Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 2016 BCE 1700 BCE
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836 Egypt - Middle Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Canaanite Religion (Very small minority) Confident 2016 BCE 1700 BCE
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837 Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1720 BCE 1567 BCE
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838 Egypt - Kushite Period 1. Most widespread: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 747 BCE 656 BCE
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839 Oaxaca - Tierras Largas 1. Most widespread: Otomanguean Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 BCE 1150 BCE
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840 Oaxaca - San Jose 1. Most widespread: Otomanguean Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1150 BCE 700 BCE
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841 Oaxaca - Rosario 1. Most widespread: Otomanguean Religion (Vast majority) Confident 700 BCE 500 BCE
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842 Early Monte Alban I 1. Most widespread: Zapotec Religion (Vast majority) Confident 500 BCE 300 BCE
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843 Monte Alban Late I 1. Most widespread: Monte Alban I religion (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 100 BCE
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844 Monte Alban II 1. Most widespread: Zapotec Religion (Vast majority) Confident 100 BCE 200 CE
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845 Monte Alban III 1. Most widespread: Zapotec Religion (Vast majority) Confident 200 CE 500 CE
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846 Monte Alban IIIB and IV 1. Most widespread: Zapotec Religion (Vast majority) Confident 500 CE 900 CE
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847 Monte Alban V 1. Most widespread: Zapotec Religion (Vast majority) Confident 900 CE 1520 CE
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848 Early Nyoro 1. Most widespread: Nyoro Religion Confident 900 CE 1449 CE
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849 Bito Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1894 CE
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850 Neolithic Yemen 1. Most widespread: Yemeni Late Neolithic Religion Confident 3500 BCE 1201 BCE
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851 Yemen - Late Bronze Age 1. Most widespread: Yemeni Late Bronze Age Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1200 BCE 801 BCE
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852 Sabaean Commonwealth 1. Most widespread: South Arabian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 800 BCE 451 BCE
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853 Qatabanian Commonwealth 1. Most widespread: South Arabian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 450 BCE 111 BCE
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854 Qatabanian Commonwealth 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 450 BCE 111 BCE
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855 Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan 1. Most widespread: South Arabian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 110 BCE 149 CE
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856 Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 110 BCE 149 CE
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857 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1652 CE 1805 CE
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858 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Shia Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1598 CE 1651 CE
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859 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1652 CE 1805 CE
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860 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1598 CE 1651 CE
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861 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 1637 CE 1805 CE
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862 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1637 CE 1805 CE
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863 Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty Other: Christianity Confident 1637 CE 1805 CE
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864 Republic of Venice III 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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865 Republic of Venice III 2. Second most widespread: Greek Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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866 Republic of Venice III 3. Third most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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867 Republic of Venice III 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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868 Republic of Venice III Other: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1204 CE 1563 CE
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869 Republic of Venice IV 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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870 Republic of Venice IV 2. Second most widespread: Greek Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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871 Republic of Venice IV 3. Third most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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872 Republic of Venice IV 4. Fourth most widespread: Judaism (Very small minority) Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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873 Republic of Venice IV Other: Sunni Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1564 CE 1797 CE
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874 * Five Dynasties Period 1. Most widespread: Chinese Popular Religion (Vast majority) Confident 906 CE 970 CE
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875 * Five Dynasties Period 2. Second most widespread: Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 906 CE 970 CE
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876 * Five Dynasties Period 3. Third most widespread: Daoism (Vast majority) Confident 906 CE 970 CE
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877 * Five Dynasties Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Confucianism (Vast majority) Confident 906 CE 970 CE
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878 British Empire I 1. Most widespread: Anglican Christianity Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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879 British Empire I 2. Second most widespread: Congregationalist Christianity Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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880 British Empire I 3. Third most widespread: Presbyterian Christianity Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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881 British Empire I 4. Fourth most widespread: Baptist Christianity Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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882 British Empire I Other: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1690 CE 1849 CE
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883 Sur Empire 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1540 CE 1556 CE
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884 Sur Empire 2. Second most widespread: Saktist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1540 CE 1556 CE
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885 Sur Empire 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1540 CE 1556 CE
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886 Sur Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 1540 CE 1556 CE
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887 Early Modern Sierra Leone 1. Most widespread: Sierra Leone Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1650 CE 1896 CE
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888 Early Modern Sierra Leone 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1650 CE 1896 CE
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889 * Kaabu 1. Most widespread: Kaabu Religion Confident 1500 CE 1867 CE
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890 * Kaabu 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1500 CE 1867 CE
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891 Kaabu Other: Methodist Christianity Confident 1500 CE 1867 CE
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892 Freetown 1. Most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1787 CE 1808 CE
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893 Freetown 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1787 CE 1808 CE
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894 Mane 1. Most widespread: Sape Mane Religion Confident 1550 CE 1650 CE
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895 Mane Other: Roman Catholic Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1550 CE 1650 CE
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896 Middle and Late Nok 1. Most widespread: Nok Religion Confident 1500 BCE 901 BCE
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897 * Kanem 1. Most widespread: Islam Confident 800 CE 1379 CE
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898 Middle and Late Nok 1. Most widespread: Nok Religion Confident 900 BCE 0 CE
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899 Pre-Sape Sierra Leone 1. Most widespread: unknown Suspected 600 CE 1400 CE
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900 Mossi 1. Most widespread: Mossi Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1100 CE 1897 CE
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901 Mossi 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1100 CE 1897 CE
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902 Sape 1. Most widespread: Sape Traditional Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1400 CE 1550 CE
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903 Toutswe 1. Most widespread: Mwali Religion (Vast majority) Confident 700 CE 1250 CE
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904 Great Zimbabwe 1. Most widespread: Mwali Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1270 CE 1550 CE
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905 Torwa-Rozvi 1. Most widespread: Mwali Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1494 CE 1850 CE
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906 Mutapa 1. Most widespread: Mwali Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1450 CE 1880 CE
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907 Mutapa 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1450 CE 1880 CE
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908 Pandya Empire 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1216 CE 1323 CE
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909 Pandya Empire 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1216 CE 1323 CE
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910 Pandya Empire 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Very small minority) Confident 1216 CE 1323 CE
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911 Pandya Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 1216 CE 1323 CE
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912 Dambadaneiya 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1232 CE 1293 CE
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913 Dambadaneiya 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1232 CE 1293 CE
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914 Anurādhapura IV 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 614 CE 1017 CE
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915 Anurādhapura IV 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 614 CE 1017 CE
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916 Polonnaruwa 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1070 CE 1255 CE
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917 Polonnaruwa 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 1070 CE 1255 CE
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918 Polonnaruwa 3. Third most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 1070 CE 1255 CE
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919 Anurādhapura III 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 428 CE 614 CE
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920 Anurādhapura III 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 428 CE 614 CE
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921 Anurādhapura I 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 70 CE
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922 Anurādhapura I 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 BCE 70 CE
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923 Jaffna 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 1310 CE 1591 CE
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924 Jaffna 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1310 CE 1591 CE
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925 Anurādhapura II 1. Most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Vast majority) Confident 70 CE 428 CE
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926 Anurādhapura II 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 70 CE 428 CE
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927 Kingdom of Jimma 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1882 CE 1932 CE
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928 Kingdom of Jimma 1. Most widespread: Oromo Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1790 CE 1881 CE
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929 Kingdom of Jimma 2. Second most widespread: Oromo Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1882 CE 1932 CE
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930 Kingdom of Jimma 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1790 CE 1881 CE
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931 Adal Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1400 CE 1536 CE
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932 Adal Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 1537 CE 1543 CE
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933 Adal Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1537 CE 1543 CE
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934 Adal Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1400 CE 1536 CE
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935 * Ajuran Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1250 CE 1700 CE
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936 * Ajuran Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Inferred 1250 CE 1700 CE
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937 Habr Yunis 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1300 CE 1886 CE
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938 Kingdom of Gomma 1. Most widespread: Oromo Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1780 CE 1859 CE
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939 Kingdom of Gomma 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1860 CE 1886 CE
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940 Kingdom of Gomma 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1780 CE 1859 CE
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941 Kingdom of Gomma 2. Second most widespread: Oromo Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1860 CE 1886 CE
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942 Sultanate of Geledi 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1750 CE 1911 CE
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943 * Shoa Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Islam Confident 1108 CE 1285 CE
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944 Shoa Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1108 CE 1285 CE
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945 Harla Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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946 Harla Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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947 Hadiya Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sidama Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1300 CE 1680 CE
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948 Hadiya Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1300 CE 1680 CE
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949 Hadiya Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1300 CE 1680 CE
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950 * Ifat Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1280 CE 1375 CE
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951 Medri Bahri 1. Most widespread: Eritrean Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1310 CE 1750 CE
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952 Medri Bahri 1. Most widespread: Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1751 CE 1889 CE
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953 Medri Bahri 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1310 CE 1750 CE
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954 Medri Bahri 2. Second most widespread: Eritrean Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1751 CE 1889 CE
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955 Majeerteen Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1750 CE 1926 CE
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956 Majeerteen Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1750 CE 1926 CE
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957 Funj Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1504 CE 1820 CE
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958 Funj Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Nubian Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1504 CE 1820 CE
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959 Funj Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Coptic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1504 CE 1820 CE
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960 Funj Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1504 CE 1820 CE
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961 Kingdom of Kaffa 1. Most widespread: Kaffa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1390 CE 1881 CE
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962 Kingdom of Kaffa 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 1882 CE 1897 CE
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963 Kingdom of Kaffa 2. Second most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1530 CE 1881 CE
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964 Kingdom of Kaffa 2. Second most widespread: Kaffa Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1882 CE 1897 CE
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965 Kingdom of Kaffa 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 1390 CE 1529 CE
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966 Kingdom of Kaffa 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1530 CE 1854 CE
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967 Kingdom of Kaffa 3. Third most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1855 CE 1897 CE
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968 Kingdom of Kaffa 3. Third most widespread: unknown Suspected 1390 CE 1529 CE
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969 Kingdom of Kaffa 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1855 CE 1897 CE
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970 Kingdom of Kaffa 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Suspected 1390 CE 1854 CE
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971 Kingdom of Gumma 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1860 CE 1897 CE
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972 Kingdom of Gumma 1. Most widespread: Oromo Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1800 CE 1860 CE
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973 Kingdom of Gumma 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1800 CE 1859 CE
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974 Kingdom of Gumma 2. Second most widespread: Oromo Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1860 CE 1897 CE
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975 Emirate of Harar 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1650 CE 1875 CE
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976 Emirate of Harar 2. Second most widespread: Oromo Religion Confident 1650 CE 1875 CE
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977 Emirate of Harar 3. Third most widespread: Somali Religion Confident 1650 CE 1875 CE
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978 Early Sultanate of Aussa 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1734 CE 1895 CE
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979 Early Sultanate of Aussa 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1734 CE 1895 CE
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980 * Isaaq Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Sufi Islam (Vast majority) Inferred 1300 CE 1886 CE
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981 Proto-Yoruba 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 301 CE 649 CE
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982 Proto-Yoruba 2. Second most widespread: unknown (Sizeable minority) Confident 301 CE 649 CE
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983 Classical Ife 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1000 CE 1400 CE
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984 Late Formative Yoruba 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 650 CE 1049 CE
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985 Kwararafa 1. Most widespread: Jukun Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1790 CE 1820 CE
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986 Kwararafa 1. Most widespread: Kwararafa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1500 CE 1789 CE
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987 Kwararafa 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 1500 CE 1669 CE
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988 Kwararafa 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1670 CE 1820 CE
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989 Allada 1. Most widespread: Vodun (Vast majority) Confident 1100 CE 1724 CE
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990 Allada 2. Second most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1553 CE 1724 CE
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991 Allada 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 1100 CE 1552 CE
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992 Allada 3. Third most widespread: Protestant Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1640 CE 1724 CE
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993 Allada 3. Third most widespread: unknown Suspected 110 CE 1639 CE
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994 Igodomingodo 1. Most widespread: unknown Suspected 900 CE 1450 CE
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995 Igodomingodo 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 900 CE 1450 CE
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996 Igodomingodo 3. Third most widespread: unknown Suspected 900 CE 1450 CE
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997 Igodomingodo 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Suspected 900 CE 1450 CE
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998 Igodomingodo Other: unknown Suspected 900 CE 1450 CE
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999 Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́ 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1601 CE 1835 CE
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1000 Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́ 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1601 CE 1835 CE
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1001 Whydah 1. Most widespread: Vodun (Vast majority) Confident 1671 CE 1727 CE
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1002 Whydah 2. Second most widespread: blank Confident 1580 CE 1699 CE
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1003 Whydah 2. Second most widespread: Yoruba Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1700 CE 1727 CE
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1004 Whydah 3. Third most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1671 CE 1727 CE
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1005 Oyo 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1300 CE 1535 CE
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1006 Oyo 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1300 CE 1535 CE
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1007 Proto-Yoruboid 1. Most widespread: Orisha Religion (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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1008 Aro 1. Most widespread: Igbo Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1690 CE 1902 CE
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1009 Aro 2. Second most widespread: Anglican Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1857 CE 1902 CE
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1010 Aro 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 1690 CE 1856 CE
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1011 Aro 3. Third most widespread: unknown Suspected 1690 CE 1884 CE
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1012 Aro 3. Third most widespread: Evangelical Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1885 CE 1902 CE
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1013 Aro 4. Fourth most widespread: unknown Suspected 1690 CE 1884 CE
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1014 Aro 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1885 CE 1902 CE
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1015 Aro Other: Presbyterian Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1885 CE 1902 CE
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1016 Aro Other: unknown Suspected 1690 CE 1884 CE
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1017 Sokoto Caliphate 1. Most widespread: Islam Confident 1804 CE 1904 CE
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1018 Sokoto Caliphate 2. Second most widespread: Maguzanci Confident 1804 CE 1904 CE
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1019 Igala 1. Most widespread: Igala religion Confident 1600 CE 1900 CE
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1020 Igala 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1800 CE 1900 CE
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1021 Igala 3. Third most widespread: unknown Suspected 1600 CE 1841 CE
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1022 Igala 3. Third most widespread: Anglican Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1841 CE 1900 CE
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1023 Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì 1. Most widespread: Igbo Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1043 CE 1911 CE
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1024 Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1860 CE 1911 CE
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1025 Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì 2. Second most widespread: unknown (Very small minority) Suspected 1043 CE 1859 CE
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1026 Hausa bakwai 1. Most widespread: Maguzanci (Vast majority) Confident 900 CE 1808 CE
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1027 Hausa bakwai 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 900 CE 1808 CE
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1028 Kanem-Borno 1. Most widespread: Bornu Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1380 CE 1893 CE
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1029 Kanem-Borno 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1380 CE 1893 CE
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1030 Foys 1. Most widespread: Vodun (Vast majority) Confident 1600 CE 1892 CE
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1031 Foys 2. Second most widespread: Dahomey royal ancestral cult Confident 1600 CE 1892 CE
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1032 Foys 3. Third most widespread: blank Confident 1600 CE 1860 CE
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1033 Foys 3. Third most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1861 CE 1892 CE
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1034 Benin Empire 1. Most widespread: Benin Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1140 CE 1897 CE
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1035 Benin Empire 2. Second most widespread: unknown Suspected 1140 CE 1400 CE
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1036 Benin Empire 2. Second most widespread: Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1401 CE 1897 CE
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1037 Wukari Federation 1. Most widespread: Jukun Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1820 CE 1899 CE
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1038 Kingdom of Cayor 1. Most widespread: Wolof Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1549 CE 1864 CE
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1039 Kingdom of Cayor 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1549 CE 1864 CE
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1040 Kingdom of Cayor 3. Third most widespread: Sereer Religion Confident 1549 CE 1864 CE
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1041 Kingdom of Saloum 1. Most widespread: Sereer Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1490 CE 1863 CE
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1042 Kingdom of Saloum 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1490 CE 1863 CE
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1043 Kingdom of Baol 1. Most widespread: Wolof Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1550 CE 1890 CE
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1044 Kingdom of Baol 2. Second most widespread: Sereer Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1550 CE 1890 CE
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1045 Kingdom of Baol 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1550 CE 1890 CE
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1046 Kingdom of Sine 1. Most widespread: Sereer Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1350 CE 1887 CE
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1047 Kingdom of Sine 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Small minority) Confident 1350 CE 1887 CE
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1048 Kingdom of Waalo 1. Most widespread: Wolof Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1287 CE 1855 CE
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1049 Kingdom of Waalo 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1287 CE 1855 CE
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1050 Jolof Empire 1. Most widespread: Wolof Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1360 CE 1549 CE
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1051 Jolof Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1360 CE 1549 CE
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1052 Imamate of Futa Toro 1. Most widespread: Fulani Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1776 CE 1860 CE
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1053 Imamate of Futa Toro 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1776 CE 1860 CE
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1054 Denyanke Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Fulani Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1490 CE 1776 CE
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1055 Denyanke Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1490 CE 1776 CE
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1056 Buganda 1. Most widespread: Buganda Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1894 CE
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1057 Buganda 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Very small minority) Confident 1860 CE 1894 CE
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1058 Buganda 2. Second most widespread: blank Confident 1700 CE 1859 CE
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1059 Buganda 3. Third most widespread: Anglican Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1870 CE 1894 CE
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1060 Buganda 3. Third most widespread: blank Confident 1700 CE 1869 CE
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1061 Buganda 4. Fourth most widespread: blank Confident 1700 CE 1869 CE
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1062 Buganda 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1870 CE 1894 CE
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1063 Toro 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1830 CE 1896 CE
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1064 Buganda 1. Most widespread: Buganda Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1450 CE 1699 CE
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1065 Karagwe 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1500 CE 1916 CE
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1066 Kingdom of Nyinginya 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1650 CE 1897 CE
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1067 Nkore 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1450 CE 1749 CE
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1068 Ndorwa 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1800 CE
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1069 Burundi 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1680 CE 1903 CE
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1070 Mubari 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 10000 BCE 2000 CE
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1071 Gisaka 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1867 CE
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1072 Fipa 1. Most widespread: unknown Suspected 1600 CE 1890 CE
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1073 Bugesera 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1799 CE
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1074 Nkore 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1750 CE 1901 CE
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1075 Buhaya 1. Most widespread: Cwezi-Kubandwa Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1700 CE 1890 CE
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1076 * Pandya Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 590 CE 915 CE
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1077 * Pandya Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 590 CE 915 CE
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1078 * Pandya Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Very small minority) Confident 590 CE 915 CE
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1079 * Pandya Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 590 CE 915 CE
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1080 Early Cholas 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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1081 Early Cholas 2. Second most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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1082 Early Cholas 3. Third most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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1083 Thanjavur Maratha Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1675 CE 1799 CE
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1084 Thanjavur Maratha Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1675 CE 1799 CE
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1085 Early Pandyas 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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1086 Early Pandyas 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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1087 Early Pandyas 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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1088 Early Pandyas 4. Fourth most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 BCE 300 CE
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1089 Carnatic Sultanate 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1710 CE 1801 CE
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1090 Carnatic Sultanate 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1710 CE 1801 CE
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1091 Carnatic Sultanate 3. Third most widespread: Sufi Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1710 CE 1801 CE
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1092 Carnatic Sultanate 4. Fourth most widespread: Lutheran Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1710 CE 1801 CE
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1093 Late Pallava Empire 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 300 CE 890 CE
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1094 Late Pallava Empire 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 300 CE 890 CE
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1095 Late Pallava Empire 3. Third most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 300 CE 890 CE
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1096 Late Pallava Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Jainism (Very small minority) Confident 300 CE 890 CE
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1097 Kalabhra Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 200 CE 600 CE
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1098 Kalabhra Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Over half of the population) Confident 200 CE 600 CE
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1099 Kalabhra Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 200 CE 600 CE
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1100 Kalabhra Dynasty 4. Fourth most widespread: Jainism (Sizeable minority) Confident 200 CE 600 CE
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1101 Nayaks of Thanjavur 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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1102 Nayaks of Thanjavur 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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1103 Nayaks of Thanjavur 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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1104 Nayaks of Thanjavur 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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1105 Nayaks of Thanjavur Other: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1532 CE 1676 CE
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1106 Nayaks of Madurai 1. Most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1529 CE 1736 CE
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1107 Nayaks of Madurai 2. Second most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1529 CE 1736 CE
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1108 Nayaks of Madurai 3. Third most widespread: Theraväda Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1529 CE 1736 CE
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1109 Nayaks of Madurai 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1529 CE 1736 CE
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1110 Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Over half of the population) Confident 1495 CE 1579 CE
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1111 Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1495 CE 1579 CE
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1112 Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period 3. Third most widespread: Islam Confident 1495 CE 1579 CE
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1113 Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period 4. Fourth most widespread: Indigenous Brazilian Religion Confident 1495 CE 1579 CE
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1114 Portuguese Empire - Renaissance Period Other: Traditional African Religions Confident 1495 CE 1579 CE
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1115 Portuguese Empire - Early Modern 1. Most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity Confident 1640 CE 1806 CE
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1116 Portuguese Empire - Early Modern 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1640 CE 1806 CE
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1117 Portuguese Empire - Early Modern 3. Third most widespread: Indigenous African Religion Confident 1640 CE 1806 CE
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1118 Portuguese Empire - Early Modern 4. Fourth most widespread: Indigenous Brazilian Religion Confident 1640 CE 1806 CE
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1119 Portuguese Empire - Early Modern Other: Buddhism Confident 1640 CE 1806 CE
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1120 Classic Tana 1. Most widespread: Islam (Vast majority) Confident 1100 CE 1498 CE
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1121 Imamate of Oman and Muscat 1. Most widespread: Ibadi Islam (Over half of the population) Confident 1749 CE 1895 CE
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1122 Imamate of Oman and Muscat 2. Second most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1749 CE 1895 CE
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1123 Imamate of Oman and Muscat 3. Third most widespread: Shia Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1749 CE 1895 CE
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1124 Imamate of Oman and Muscat 4. Fourth most widespread: Hinduism (Very small minority) Confident 1749 CE 1895 CE
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1125 Imamate of Oman and Muscat Other: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1749 CE 1895 CE
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1126 Early Tana 2 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 750 CE 1099 CE
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1127 Late Dutch Empire 1. Most widespread: Calvinist Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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1128 Late Dutch Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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1129 Late Dutch Empire 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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1130 Late Dutch Empire 4. Fourth most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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1131 Late Dutch Empire Other: Judaism Confident 1815 CE 1940 CE
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1132 Pre-Maravi 1. Most widespread: Pre-Maravi Religion (Vast majority) Confident 1151 CE 1399 CE
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1133 Early Maravi 1. Most widespread: Pre-Maravi Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1400 CE 1499 CE
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1134 Early Maravi 2. Second most widespread: Maravi Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1400 CE 1499 CE
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1135 Northern Maravi Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Pre-Maravi Religion (Over half of the population) Confident 1500 CE 1621 CE
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1136 Northern Maravi Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Maravi Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1500 CE 1621 CE
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1137 Maravi Empire 1. Most widespread: Pre-Maravi Religion Confident 1622 CE 1870 CE
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1138 Maravi Empire 2. Second most widespread: Maravi Religion Confident 1622 CE 1870 CE
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1139 Magadha - Nanda Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 413 BCE 322 BCE
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1140 British East India Company 1. Most widespread: Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1757 CE 1858 CE
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1141 British East India Company 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1757 CE 1858 CE
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1142 British East India Company 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 1757 CE 1858 CE
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1143 British East India Company 4. Fourth most widespread: Zoroastrianism Confident 1757 CE 1858 CE
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1144 British East India Company Other: Christianity Confident 1757 CE 1858 CE
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1145 Deva Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1150 CE 1300 CE
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1146 Deva Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1150 CE 1300 CE
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1147 Deva Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 1150 CE 1300 CE
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1148 Chandra Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 900 CE 1050 CE
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1149 Chandra Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Saivist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 900 CE 1050 CE
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1150 Chandra Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Buddhism Confident 900 CE 1050 CE
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1151 Chandra Dynasty - Confident 900 CE 1050 CE
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1152 Nawabs of Bengal 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1717 CE 1757 CE
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1153 Nawabs of Bengal 2. Second most widespread: Saktist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1717 CE 1757 CE
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1154 Nawabs of Bengal 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1717 CE 1757 CE
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1155 Nawabs of Bengal 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 1717 CE 1757 CE
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1156 Twelve Bhuyans 1. Most widespread: Vaisnavist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1538 CE 1612 CE
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1157 Twelve Bhuyans 2. Second most widespread: Saktist Hinduism (Vast majority) Confident 1538 CE 1612 CE
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1158 Twelve Bhuyans 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1538 CE 1612 CE
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1159 Twelve Bhuyans 4. Fourth most widespread: Buddhism (Very small minority) Confident 1538 CE 1612 CE
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1160 Gauda Kingdom 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 600 CE 625 CE
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1161 Gauda Kingdom 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 600 CE 625 CE
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1162 Gauda Kingdom 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 600 CE 625 CE
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1163 British Empire IIIIIIIIII 1. Most widespread: Sunni Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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1164 British Empire IIIIIIIIII 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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1165 British Empire IIIIIIIIII 3. Third most widespread: Anglican Christianity (Sizeable minority) Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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1166 British Empire IIIIIIIIII Other: African Traditional Religion (Very small minority) Confident 1850 CE 1968 CE
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1167 Wattara Empire 1. Most widespread: Mande Religion Confident 1710 CE 1895 CE
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1168 Wattara Empire 2. Second most widespread: Islam (Sizeable minority) Confident 1710 CE 1895 CE
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1169 Ethiopia Kingdom III 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1769 CE 1854 CE
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1170 Ethiopia Kingdom III 2. Second most widespread: Oromo Religion (Sizeable minority) Confident 1769 CE 1854 CE
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1171 Ethiopia Kingdom III 3. Third most widespread: Judaism Confident 1769 CE 1854 CE
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1172 Ethiopia Kingdom III 4. Fourth most widespread: Islam Confident 1769 CE 1854 CE
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1173 Ethiopia Kingdom II 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 1621 CE 1768 CE
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1174 Ethiopia Kingdom II 2. Second most widespread: Islam Confident 1621 CE 1768 CE
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1175 Ethiopia Kingdom II 3. Third most widespread: Judaism (Sizeable minority) Confident 1621 CE 1768 CE
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1176 Ethiopia Kingdom II 4. Fourth most widespread: Roman Catholic Christianity (Very small minority) Confident 1621 CE 1680 CE
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1177 Habesha 1. Most widespread: Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (Vast majority) Confident 801 CE 1136 CE
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1178 Habesha 2. Second most widespread: Judaism Confident 801 CE 1136 CE
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1179 Habesha 3. Third most widespread: Islam (Small minority) Confident 801 CE 1136 CE
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1180 Khadga Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 650 CE 700 CE
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1181 Khadga Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 650 CE 700 CE
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1182 Khadga Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 650 CE 700 CE
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1183 Magadha - Kanva Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 75 BCE 30 BCE
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1184 Magadha - Kanva Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 75 BCE 30 BCE
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1185 Magadha - Kanva Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 75 BCE 30 BCE
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1186 Sena Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1095 CE 1245 CE
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1187 Sena Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1095 CE 1245 CE
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1188 Sena Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 1095 CE 1245 CE
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1189 Vanga Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 550 CE 600 CE
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1190 Vanga Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 550 CE 600 CE
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1191 Vanga Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 550 CE 600 CE
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1192 Yadava-Varman Dynasty 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 1080 CE 1150 CE
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1193 Yadava-Varman Dynasty 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 1080 CE 1150 CE
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1194 Yadava-Varman Dynasty 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 1080 CE 1150 CE
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1195 Gangaridai 1. Most widespread: Buddhism Confident 300 BCE 100 BCE
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1196 Gangaridai 2. Second most widespread: Hinduism Confident 300 BCE 100 BCE
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1197 Gangaridai 3. Third most widespread: Jainism Confident 300 BCE 100 BCE
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