Section: Social Complexity
Subsection: Transport infrastructure

Port

Talking about transport infrastructure, ports include river ports. direct historical or archaeological evidence of ports is absent when no port has been excavated or all evidence of such has been obliterated. indirect historical or archaeological data is absent when there is no evidence that suggests that the polity engaged in maritime or riverine trade, conflict, or transportation, such as evidence of merchant shipping, administrative records of customs duties, or evidence that at the same period of time a trading relation in the region had a port (for example, due to natural processes, there is little evidence of ancient ports in delta egypt at a time we know there was a timber trade with the levant). when evidence for the variable itself is available the code is 'present.' when other forms of evidence suggests the existence of the variable (or not) the code may be 'inferred present' (or 'inferred absent'). when indirect evidence is not available the code will be either absent, temporal uncertainty, suspected unknown, or unknown.   (See here)
Contributors:

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity ID
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Tag [Evidenced, Disputed, Suspected, Inferred, Unknown]
Verified A Seshat Expert has approved this piece of data.

Variable Definition
port The absence or presence of port for a polity.

# Polity Year(s) Port Description   Edit
161
(Early Mongols)
Full Year Range of Early Mongols is assumed.
[1000, 1206]
absent
None
162
(Chalukyas of Badami)
Full Year Range of Chalukyas of Badami is assumed.
[543, 753]
present
None
163
(Late A'chik)
Full Year Range of Late A'chik is assumed.
[1867, 1956]
absent
None
164
(Rashtrakuta Empire)
Full Year Range of Rashtrakuta Empire is assumed.
[753, 973]
present
None
165
(Vijayanagara Empire)
Full Year Range of Vijayanagara Empire is assumed.
[1336, 1646]
present
None
166
(Akkadian Empire)
Full Year Range of Akkadian Empire is assumed.
[-2270, -2083]
present
None
167
(Neo-Babylonian Empire)
Full Year Range of Neo-Babylonian Empire is assumed.
[-626, -539]
present
None
168
(Achaemenid Empire)
Full Year Range of Achaemenid Empire is assumed.
[-550, -331]
present
None
169
(Ilkhanate)
Full Year Range of Ilkhanate is assumed.
[1256, 1339]
present
None
170
(Ottoman Empire IV)
Full Year Range of Ottoman Empire IV is assumed.
[1839, 1922]
present
Istanbul Port (Constantinople Harbor): The principal port for trade, military activity, and passenger transport in the Ottoman Empir [İnalcık 2002]
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