| Variable | Definition |
|---|---|
| Polity | The Seshat Polity ID |
| Year(s) | The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE] |
| Tag | [Evidenced, Disputed, Suspected, Inferred, Unknown] |
| Verified | A Seshat Expert has approved this piece of data. |
| Variable | Definition |
|---|---|
| merit_promotion | The absence or presence of merit promotion for a polity. |
| # | Polity | Year(s) | Merit Promotion | Description | Edit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 43 |
(Middle Greater Coclé) |
Full Year Range of Middle Greater Coclé is assumed. [700, 1000] |
uncoded |
None | |
| 47 |
(Norman England) |
Full Year Range of Norman England is assumed. [1066, 1153] |
absent |
The Norman administrative and military systems were based on feudal obligations and personal loyalty. Offices and positions were typically awarded based on: Noble birth or lineage. Personal connections to the king or other high-ranking nobles. Example: Barons and sheriffs were often chosen for their loyalty or ties to the king, not for proven administrative or military competence. Lack of Institutionalized Procedures: There were no standardized or institutionalized systems for evaluating performance or promoting individuals based on merit. Promotions to higher ranks (e.g., from knight to baron or from minor clergy to bishop) were irregular and depended on the favor of the king or other patrons. [Carpenter 2003] |
|
| 48 |
(East Francia) |
Full Year Range of East Francia is assumed. [842, 919] |
absent |
Appointments to administrative and military positions were predominantly based on heredity, noble lineage, and feudal loyalty. [Reuter 1991] | |