Section: Social Complexity

Subsection: Forms of money

Paper Currency

Paper currency or another kind of fiat money. note that this only refers to indigenously produced paper currency. code absent if colonial money is used. (See here)

Contributors:

Metadata:

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Variable	Definition
Polity	The Seshat Polity ID
Year(s)	The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Tag	[Evidenced, Disputed, Suspected, Inferred, Unknown]
Verified	A Seshat Expert has approved this piece of data.

Variable	Definition
paper_currency	The absence or presence of paper currency for a polity.

Actual Data:

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#	Polity	Year(s)	Paper Currency	Description	Edit
1	(Mossi)	1100 CE 1750 CE	unknown	None
2	(Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I)	1615 CE 1769 CE	absent	None
3	(Portuguese Empire - Early Modern)	1640 CE 1796 CE	absent	None
4	(French Kingdom - Late Bourbon)	1700 CE 1720 CE	present	None
5	(Spanish Empire II)	1716 CE 1814 CE	absent	None
6	(Mossi)	1751 CE 1897 CE	absent	None
7	(Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I)	1769 CE 1775 CE	present	None
8	(Rattanakosin)	1782 CE 1862 CE	absent	None
9	(Portuguese Empire - Early Modern)	1797 CE 1806 CE	present	None
10	(Ottoman Empire IV)	1840 CE 1922 CE	present	The “Kaime-i Nakdiye-i Mutebere” banknotes, which were put into circulation by Sultan Abdülmecit in 1840 and meant “Paper Substitute for Money”, were not “banknotes” but rather “interest-bearing debt instruments” or “treasury bonds”. [webpage_TCMB Sanal Müze], [Pamuk 2003]

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