| Variable | Definition |
|---|---|
| Polity | The Seshat Polity ID |
| Year(s) | The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE] |
| Tag | [Evidenced, Disputed, Suspected, Inferred, Unknown] |
| Verified | A Seshat Expert has approved this piece of data. |
| Variable | Definition |
|---|---|
| irrigation_system | The absence or presence of irrigation system for a polity. |
| # | Polity | Year(s) | Irrigation System | Description | Edit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 |
(Karkota Dynasty) |
Full Year Range of Karkota Dynasty is assumed. [625, 1339] |
present |
"In the earliest traditions recorded by Kalhana, the construction of irrigation canals plays a significant role." [Bamzai 1962, p. 224] | |
| 24 |
(La Mula-Sarigua) |
Full Year Range of La Mula-Sarigua is assumed. [-1300, 200] |
absent |
'In some parts of the world [agricultural risk-minimization] was accomplished through infrastructure such as dams and large-scale irrigation canals [...] but there is no evidence for such features among the regions of Central Panama.' [Berrey 2015, p. 207] | |
| 25 |
(Late Greater Coclé) |
Full Year Range of Late Greater Coclé is assumed. [1000, 1515] |
absent |
'In some parts of the world [agricultural risk-minimization] was accomplished through infrastructure such as dams and large-scale irrigation canals [...] but there is no evidence for such features among the regions of Central Panama.' [Berrey 2015, p. 207] | |
| 26 |
(Later Qin Kingdom) |
Full Year Range of Later Qin Kingdom is assumed. [386, 417] |
present |
EMPTY_COMMENT | |
| 27 |
(Maitraka Dynasty) |
Full Year Range of Maitraka Dynasty is assumed. [470, 790] |
present |
"Step-wells (vapis) seem to have been closely associated with fields obviously for irrigational purposes. The edicts of grant refer to grants of several step-wells." [Sastri 2000, p. 190] | |
| 28 |
(Malacca Sultanate) |
Full Year Range of Malacca Sultanate is assumed. [1270, 1415] |
unknown |
EMPTY_COMMENT | |
| 29 |
(Median Persian Empire) |
Full Year Range of Median Persian Empire is assumed. [-715, -550] |
present |
"Ruins of reservoirs have been discovered along with water intakes, spillways and outlets and even the sewerage systems dating as far back as the Pre-Archaemenid and Assyrian (1500-600 BC) periods." [Angelakis_et_al 2012, p. 97] | |
| 30 |
(Khadga Dynasty) |
Full Year Range of Khadga Dynasty is assumed. [650, 700] |
present |
“In the delta, embanked fields irrigated by monsoon rainwater and worked by ploughs appeared at least 2,500 years ago.Since then this form of crop production has been expanding gradually across the lowlands at the expense of an older system of hoe cultivation on temporary plots.” [van_Schendel 2009] |