Specialized Military Vessel List
A viewset for viewing and editing Specialized Military Vessels.
GET /api/wf/specialized-military-vessels/?format=api
{ "count": 333, "next": "https://seshat-db.com/api/wf/specialized-military-vessels/?format=api&page=2", "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 1, "polity": { "id": 137, "name": "af_durrani_emp", "long_name": "Durrani Empire", "start_year": 1747, "end_year": 1826 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " As the Durrani were a land based power, coded absent. §REF§Roy, Kaushik. War, Culture and Society in Early Modern South Asia, 1740-1849. Taylor & Francis, 2011. pp. 30-35§REF§" }, { "id": 2, "polity": { "id": 134, "name": "af_ghur_principality", "long_name": "Ghur Principality", "start_year": 1025, "end_year": 1215 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The Delhi Sultanate had no navy and the Mughal Empire made sporadic attempts to construct a navy. The Mughals maintained a riverine fleet for coastal warfare but lacked a Blue Water Navy.\"§REF§(Roy 2015, 9) Kaushik Roy. 2015. Warfare in Pre-British India - 1500 BCE to 1740 CE. Routledge. London.§REF§" }, { "id": 3, "polity": { "id": 350, "name": "af_greco_bactrian_k", "long_name": "Greco-Bactrian Kingdom", "start_year": -256, "end_year": -125 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Campaigns were fought on land, not at sea. §REF§Sekunda, Nick. The army of Alexander the Great.§REF§" }, { "id": 4, "polity": { "id": 129, "name": "af_hephthalite_emp", "long_name": "Hephthalite Empire", "start_year": 408, "end_year": 561 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The Hepthalites were a landlocked empire. §REF§Grousset, Rene. The empire of the steppes: a history of Central Asia. Rutgers University Press, 1970.§REF§" }, { "id": 5, "polity": { "id": 281, "name": "af_kidarite_k", "long_name": "Kidarite Kingdom", "start_year": 388, "end_year": 477 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Landlocked polity." }, { "id": 6, "polity": { "id": 127, "name": "af_kushan_emp", "long_name": "Kushan Empire", "start_year": 35, "end_year": 319 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Landlocked polity." }, { "id": 7, "polity": { "id": 467, "name": "af_tocharian", "long_name": "Tocharians", "start_year": -129, "end_year": 29 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 8, "polity": { "id": 253, "name": "cn_eastern_han_dyn", "long_name": "Eastern Han Empire", "start_year": 25, "end_year": 220 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Warships which had sailors (lou-ch'uan-shih)§REF§(Bielenstein 1986, 512)§REF§ Engineers invented rudder and stern for steering ships which enabled ocean sailing. §REF§(Kerr 2013, 39)§REF§" }, { "id": 9, "polity": { "id": 254, "name": "cn_western_jin_dyn", "long_name": "Western Jin", "start_year": 265, "end_year": 317 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Jin made naval military assaults against Wu." }, { "id": 10, "polity": { "id": 422, "name": "cn_erligang", "long_name": "Erligang", "start_year": -1650, "end_year": -1250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The first recorded use of ships in a military operation occurred circa 1045 B.C.E.\"§REF§(Lorge 2012, 82-83)§REF§" }, { "id": 11, "polity": { "id": 421, "name": "cn_erlitou", "long_name": "Erlitou", "start_year": -1850, "end_year": -1600 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The first recorded use of ships in a military operation occurred circa 1045 B.C.E.\"§REF§(Lorge 2012, 82-83)§REF§" }, { "id": 12, "polity": { "id": 471, "name": "cn_hmong_2", "long_name": "Hmong - Early Chinese", "start_year": 1895, "end_year": 1941 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " we need expert input in order to code this variable" }, { "id": 13, "polity": { "id": 470, "name": "cn_hmong_1", "long_name": "Hmong - Late Qing", "start_year": 1701, "end_year": 1895 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " we need expert input in order to code this variable" }, { "id": 14, "polity": { "id": 245, "name": "cn_jin_spring_and_autumn", "long_name": "Jin", "start_year": -780, "end_year": -404 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 15, "polity": { "id": 420, "name": "cn_longshan", "long_name": "Longshan", "start_year": -3000, "end_year": -1900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The first recorded use of ships in a military operation occurred circa 1045 B.C.E.\" §REF§(Lorge 2012, 82-83)§REF§" }, { "id": 16, "polity": { "id": 266, "name": "cn_later_great_jin", "long_name": "Jin Dynasty", "start_year": 1115, "end_year": 1234 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "Jin were never able to build an effective navy. \"The Song army with its large oceangoing warships, wreaked havoc on the small Jin vessels §REF§(Lorge, 2012, 87)§REF§§REF§《中國通史 宋遼金元史》〈第四章 南宋與金－中國南北的再分裂〉 第63頁－第79頁.§REF§" }, { "id": 17, "polity": { "id": 269, "name": "cn_ming_dyn", "long_name": "Great Ming", "start_year": 1368, "end_year": 1644 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Military commander Qi Jiguang (1528-1587 CE): \"In Qi's system a war junk had 55 troops divided into five units. Two units used arquebuses, two used cannon, flame-throwers and rockets, and one used other types of gunpowder weapons. Naval combat required firearms by this point, a marked change in warfare.\"§REF§(Lorge 2005, 127)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 18, "polity": { "id": 425, "name": "cn_northern_song_dyn", "long_name": "Northern Song", "start_year": 960, "end_year": 1127 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"Every dynasty that wanted to create a Chinese empire extending south of the Yellow River had to build a navy.\"§REF§(Lorge 2011, 28)§REF§ According to Joseph Needham Northern Song's naval resources began at 11 squadrons of 3000 men and reached 20 squadrons of 52,000 men. The main base was Shanghai. §REF§(Needham ????) Needham, Joseph. ???? Science and Civilization in China.§REF§" }, { "id": 19, "polity": { "id": 258, "name": "cn_northern_wei_dyn", "long_name": "Northern Wei", "start_year": 386, "end_year": 534 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 20, "polity": { "id": 1, "name": "cn_qing_dyn_1", "long_name": "Early Qing", "start_year": 1644, "end_year": 1796 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": "\"The pitiful state of the Chinese navy can be attributed to the fact that from the conquest of Taiwan in 1683 until the mid-nineteenth century, China was not faced by any serious threats from the sea.\" §REF§(Lococo, 2002, 125)§REF§ Qing sent several hundred ships to Taiwan in the Battle of Penghu in 1683. Qing policies did not require a strong navy, \"so the Chinese navy gradually atrophied over time.§REF§(Erickson and Goldstein 2009, 289)§REF§" }, { "id": 21, "polity": { "id": 2, "name": "cn_qing_dyn_2", "long_name": "Late Qing", "start_year": 1796, "end_year": 1912 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " The Qing \"imperial vessel\" considered a symbol of the Qing military presence in the East Asian Sea, yet the guns, cannons, and soldiers on board these vessels more or less served as precautions against potential danger. With increasing foreign presence, the Manchu continued to build coastal defense and naval power in attempt to match the Western powers. §REF§(Po 2018, 76, 90-91)§REF§<br><b>Fortifications </b>" }, { "id": 22, "polity": { "id": 243, "name": "cn_late_shang_dyn", "long_name": "Late Shang", "start_year": -1250, "end_year": -1045 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The first recorded use of ships in a military operation occurred circa 1045 B.C.E.\" §REF§(Lorge 2012, 82-83)§REF§ Used against the Shang by the Zhou." }, { "id": 23, "polity": { "id": 260, "name": "cn_sui_dyn", "long_name": "Sui Dynasty", "start_year": 581, "end_year": 618 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Expeditions in the East China Sea. §REF§(Wright 1979, 139)§REF§ 611: \"Construction of a fleet of 300 seagoing vessels began at Donglai on the northern side of the Shandong peninsula, and 10,000 watermen were brought up from the Yangzi and Huai valleys to crew the fleet\" §REF§(Graff 2002, 146) Graff, D A. 2002. Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300-900. Routledge. London§REF§" }, { "id": 24, "polity": { "id": 261, "name": "cn_tang_dyn_1", "long_name": "Tang Dynasty I", "start_year": 617, "end_year": 763 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " 644 CE: \"A great fleet of 500 ships was constructed,\" for Taizong's attack on Koguryo. §REF§(Graff 2002, 177) Graff, D A. 2002. Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300-900. Routledge. London§REF§" }, { "id": 25, "polity": { "id": 264, "name": "cn_tang_dyn_2", "long_name": "Tang Dynasty II", "start_year": 763, "end_year": 907 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Battle of Baekgang in 663 CE (Early Tang), they would had a navy" }, { "id": 26, "polity": { "id": 424, "name": "cn_wei_dyn_warring_states", "long_name": "Early Wei Dynasty", "start_year": -445, "end_year": -225 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 27, "polity": { "id": 251, "name": "cn_western_han_dyn", "long_name": "Western Han Empire", "start_year": -202, "end_year": 9 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 28, "polity": { "id": 244, "name": "cn_western_zhou_dyn", "long_name": "Western Zhou", "start_year": -1122, "end_year": -771 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " \"The first recorded use of ships in a military operation occurred circa 1045 B.C.E when King Wu of Zhou ferried 300 chariots and 3,000 men of his personal guard across the Yellow River at Menjin in forty-seven ships to attack the Shang capital. These were not specialized warships but vessels commandeered for the operation.\" §REF§(Lorge 2012, 82-83)§REF§ <i>were these ships specialized military vessels?</i>" }, { "id": 29, "polity": { "id": 419, "name": "cn_yangshao", "long_name": "Yangshao", "start_year": -5000, "end_year": -3000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The first recorded use of ships in a military operation occurred circa 1045 B.C.E.\" §REF§(Lorge 2012, 82-83)§REF§" }, { "id": 30, "polity": { "id": 268, "name": "cn_yuan_dyn", "long_name": "Great Yuan", "start_year": 1271, "end_year": 1368 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " * e.g. 3, 500 warships were operated during the 2nd Mongol invasions of Japan (第二次元日戰爭/弘安之役) Yuan navy had a force \"somewhere between 300 to 700 ships\" at the battle of Yaishan 1279 CE. §REF§(Lorge 2005, 89)§REF§" }, { "id": 31, "polity": { "id": 435, "name": "co_neguanje", "long_name": "Neguanje", "start_year": 250, "end_year": 1050 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " No discussion in literature of this. In this case it is evidence of absence since this is in line with logical expectations for this late-complexity society." }, { "id": 32, "polity": { "id": 436, "name": "co_tairona", "long_name": "Tairona", "start_year": 1050, "end_year": 1524 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 33, "polity": { "id": 196, "name": "ec_shuar_1", "long_name": "Shuar - Colonial", "start_year": 1534, "end_year": 1830 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Only canoes are mentioned in the sources" }, { "id": 34, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Only canoes are mentioned in the sources" }, { "id": 35, "polity": { "id": 367, "name": "eg_ayyubid_sultanate", "long_name": "Ayyubid Sultanate", "start_year": 1171, "end_year": 1250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Salah al-Din devoted substantial resources to rebuilding the Egyptian Mediterranean fleet §REF§(Chamberlain 2008, 217)§REF§ Shipbuilding in Fustat. \"In 1181, when there was fear that the Nile might dry up, four light boats for carrying troops to Yemen were being built in Fustat's shipyards.\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 99)§REF§ 60 fighting galleys and 20 transport vessels by 1179 CE.§REF§(Nicolle 2011) Nicolle, D. 2011. Saladin. Osprey Publishing.§REF§" }, { "id": 36, "polity": { "id": 510, "name": "eg_badarian", "long_name": "Badarian", "start_year": -4400, "end_year": -3800 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Badarian culture knew water transport and often use it§REF§Trigger, B. G. 1983. Ancient Egypt: A Social History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pg. 29.§REF§, but warfare not at level for specialized military vessels" }, { "id": 37, "polity": { "id": 514, "name": "eg_dynasty_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty I", "start_year": -3100, "end_year": -2900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 38, "polity": { "id": 515, "name": "eg_dynasty_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty II", "start_year": -2900, "end_year": -2687 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 39, "polity": { "id": 205, "name": "eg_inter_occupation", "long_name": "Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period", "start_year": -404, "end_year": -342 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 40, "polity": { "id": 232, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I", "start_year": 1260, "end_year": 1348 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Mamluks did not like sea warfare. Lowly ranked within military. No permanent navy or naval administration. Contradicting this, the Mamluks had marines, lead by a qaid, and a rais al milaha who captained military ship and commanded sailors. §REF§(Nicolle 1996, 159-181)§REF§" }, { "id": 41, "polity": { "id": 239, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III", "start_year": 1412, "end_year": 1517 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Naval shipyards in Bulaq. Cyprus conquered 1426 CE. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 185)§REF§ Fleet built in response to Portuguese activity in the Indian Ocean. Sent to India in 1507 CE. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 39-67)§REF§ The Mamluks had marines, lead by a qaid, and a rais al milaha who captained military ship and commanded sailors. §REF§(Nicolle 1996, 159-181)§REF§" }, { "id": 42, "polity": { "id": 236, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II", "start_year": 1348, "end_year": 1412 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Mamluks did not like sea warfare. Lowly ranked within military. No permanent navy or naval administration. Contradicting this, the Mamluks had marines, lead by a qaid, and a rais al milaha who captained military ship and commanded sailors. §REF§(Nicolle 1996, 159-181)§REF§" }, { "id": 43, "polity": { "id": 519, "name": "eg_middle_k", "long_name": "Egypt - Middle Kingdom", "start_year": -2016, "end_year": -1700 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"The key differentiation between the fully developed army of the New Kingdom and that in the previous era of the Middle Kingdom is reflected best in the amphibious nature of the earlier institution. Thus as in Dynasty XIII and onwards, when the chariotry division was the attractive sector of the army for the sons of nobles, in the Middle Kingdom it was the fleet that provided the positions of importance.\" §REF§(Garcia ed. 2013, 433)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 44, "polity": { "id": 511, "name": "eg_naqada_1", "long_name": "Naqada I", "start_year": -3800, "end_year": -3550 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 45, "polity": { "id": 512, "name": "eg_naqada_2", "long_name": "Naqada II", "start_year": -3550, "end_year": -3300 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 46, "polity": { "id": 513, "name": "eg_naqada_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty 0", "start_year": -3300, "end_year": -3100 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "absent", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 47, "polity": { "id": 199, "name": "eg_new_k_2", "long_name": "Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period", "start_year": -1293, "end_year": -1070 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " After the introduction of the horse and chariot in the New Kingdom, the importance of the land army increased relative to that of the navy.§REF§(Garcia ed. 2013, 436)§REF§ Navy was viewed as part of the army and amphibious operations were common. §REF§(Healy 1992, 25)§REF§ “His army could reach any coastal town in Syria by ship in four to five days, while by foot the journey would take more than a fortnight.” §REF§([<a class=\"external free\" href=\"http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/megiddobattle.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/megiddobattle.htm</a>§REF§ Navy mostly of transport and communications sort. §REF§(Unknown <a class=\"external autonumber\" href=\"http://www.oup.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/170013/HUR_Ant2_2e_Ch01.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">[19]</a>, 15)§REF§ Avaris: \"We know from Ramesside documents that, at the time of Piramesse, it was a major navy base. It was \"the marshalling place of thy (scil. the king's) chariotry, the mustering place of thy army, the mooring place of thy ships' troops.\"§REF§(Bietak in Maree ed. 2010, 139)§REF§" }, { "id": 48, "polity": { "id": 198, "name": "eg_new_k_1", "long_name": "Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period", "start_year": -1550, "end_year": -1293 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " After the introduction of the horse and chariot in the New Kingdom, the importance of the land army increased relative to that of the navy.§REF§(Garcia ed. 2013, 436)§REF§ Navy mostly of transport and communications sort. §REF§(Unknown <a class=\"external autonumber\" href=\"http://www.oup.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/170013/HUR_Ant2_2e_Ch01.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">[15]</a>, 15)§REF§" }, { "id": 49, "polity": { "id": 516, "name": "eg_old_k_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom", "start_year": -2650, "end_year": -2350 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Navy was the main fighting force until the New Kingdom. §REF§(Manning 2012, 73)§REF§ Land forces are known, but they appear to have been ad hoc, mustered for specific purposes. Note e.g tomb of Weni, dyn. 6 (Abydos): \"an army of many tens of thousands from all over Upper Egypt\" mustered to fight the \"Asiatic sand-dwellers.\" §REF§(Lichtheim 1975, p.19)§REF§ Snofru (2575-2551 BCE) sent a fleet of forty ships to trade with Phoenicia. §REF§(<a class=\"external autonumber\" href=\"http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/history3-11.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">[2]</a>)§REF§ Seagoing ships between the Levant and Egypt existed in the Old Kingdom §REF§(Gnirs 2001)§REF§ Spalinger speculates whether Lebanese sailors may have been used in Old Kingdom naval flotilla, just as Nubian soldiers used in Egyptian army (6th Dynasty)§REF§(Spalinger 2013, 461)§REF§" }, { "id": 50, "polity": { "id": 517, "name": "eg_old_k_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Late Old Kingdom", "start_year": -2350, "end_year": -2150 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Specialized_military_vessel", "specialized_military_vessel": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Navy was the main fighting force until the New Kingdom. §REF§(Manning 2012, 73)§REF§ Land forces are known, but they appear to have been ad hoc, mustered for specific purposes. Note e.g tomb of Weni, dyn. 6 (Abydos): \"an army of many tens of thousands from all over Upper Egypt\" mustered to fight the \"Asiatic sand-dwellers.\" §REF§(Lichtheim 1975, p.19)§REF§ Seagoing ships between the Levant and Egypt existed in the Old Kingdom §REF§(Gnirs 2001)§REF§ Spalinger speculates whether Lebanese sailors may have been used in Old Kingdom naval flotilla, just as Nubian soldiers used in Egyptian army (6th Dynasty)§REF§(Spalinger 2013, 461)§REF§" } ] }