Small Vessels Canoes Etc List
A viewset for viewing and editing Small Vessels, Canoes, etc.
GET /api/wf/small-vessel-canoe-etc/?format=api&page=5
{ "count": 333, "next": "https://seshat-db.com/api/wf/small-vessel-canoe-etc/?format=api&page=6", "previous": "https://seshat-db.com/api/wf/small-vessel-canoe-etc/?format=api&page=4", "results": [ { "id": 201, "polity": { "id": 289, "name": "kg_kara_khanid_dyn", "long_name": "Kara-Khanids", "start_year": 950, "end_year": 1212 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"Central Asia’s traders ... moved their goods by large, solidly built boats on the region’s three main rivers.\"§REF§(Starr 2013) Starr, S. Frederick. 2013. Lost Enlightenment: Central Asia's Golden Age from the Arab Conquest to Tamerlane. Princeton University Press. Princeton.§REF§" }, { "id": 202, "polity": { "id": 282, "name": "kg_western_turk_khaganate", "long_name": "Western Turk Khaganate", "start_year": 582, "end_year": 630 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " §REF§(Kradin 2015, personal communication)§REF§ Inferred from Eastern Turk Khaganate of the same time" }, { "id": 203, "polity": { "id": 41, "name": "kh_angkor_2", "long_name": "Classical Angkor", "start_year": 1100, "end_year": 1220 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " 'The Khmer sources for this Cham victory refer to a surprise naval attack, sending a fleet up the Tonle Sap to the Great Lake. This illustrates the importance of shipping, for naval warfare as well as commerce; the Khmers, long accustomed to navigation on the Lake and the great waterways that seamed their territory, were not backward when it came to war at sea, and in the twelfth-century war against the Vietnamese it was claimed that they sent a fleet of 700 vessels round the coast.'§REF§(Mabbett and Chandler 1995, p.157)§REF§" }, { "id": 204, "polity": { "id": 40, "name": "kh_angkor_1", "long_name": "Early Angkor", "start_year": 802, "end_year": 1100 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " 'The Khmer sources for this Cham victory refer to a surprise naval attack, sending a fleet up the Tonle Sap to the Great Lake. This illustrates the importance of shipping, for naval warfare as well as commerce; the Khmers, long accustomed to navigation on the Lake and the great waterways that seamed their territory, were not backward when it came to war at sea, and in the twelfth-century war against the Vietnamese it was claimed that they sent a fleet of 700 vessels round the coast.'§REF§(Mabbett and Chandler 1995, p.157)§REF§" }, { "id": 205, "polity": { "id": 42, "name": "kh_angkor_3", "long_name": "Late Angkor", "start_year": 1220, "end_year": 1432 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " 'The Khmer sources for this Cham victory refer to a surprise naval attack, sending a fleet up the Tonle Sap to the Great Lake. This illustrates the importance of shipping, for naval warfare as well as commerce; the Khmers, long accustomed to navigation on the Lake and the great waterways that seamed their territory, were not backward when it came to war at sea, and in the twelfth-century war against the Vietnamese it was claimed that they sent a fleet of 700 vessels round the coast.'§REF§(Mabbett and Chandler 1995, p.157)§REF§" }, { "id": 206, "polity": { "id": 43, "name": "kh_khmer_k", "long_name": "Khmer Kingdom", "start_year": 1432, "end_year": 1594 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " 'The Khmer sources for this Cham victory refer to a surprise naval attack, sending a fleet up the Tonle Sap to the Great Lake. This illustrates the importance of shipping, for naval warfare as well as commerce; the Khmers, long accustomed to navigation on the Lake and the great waterways that seamed their territory, were not backward when it came to war at sea, and in the twelfth-century war against the Vietnamese it was claimed that they sent a fleet of 700 vessels round the coast.'§REF§(Mabbett and Chandler 1995, p.157)§REF§" }, { "id": 207, "polity": { "id": 39, "name": "kh_chenla", "long_name": "Chenla", "start_year": 550, "end_year": 825 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " 'One more text which is relevant, and probably belongs in [H] though possibly south of it in [K]-the exact provenance is unknown-is k.155, by a technical official, dhanyakarapati, \"chief of the grain stocks\", and one of only eight or nine such specialized functions mentioned in the pre-Angkor corpus, [Footnote 143: There are seven inscriptions by, or referring to, such technical or administrative specialists. The others are K.133 [I], a \"chief ship pilot\", mahanauvaha, in K.140 [K] a \"master of all elephants,\" or \"vassal king\", samantagajapati; in K.765 [T] a mahanukrtavi-khyata, \"celebrated for his great following\"; in K725 three such titles or names of functions, samantanauvaha, \"chief of the naval forces\", mahasvaptai, \"great chief of horse\", sahasravargadhiptai, \"chief of a group of a thousand\"; in K726 yuddhapramukha, military officer; and the latest in date a certain mahavikrantakesari, a name meaning \"great bold lion\", probably indicating a military person, who is mentioned 4 times in K1029 [R].]'§REF§(Vickery 1998, 125)§REF§ 'Khmer, political/cultural center [Chenla of Chinese sources?]; retreat from coast but still linked to it by over 90 km. of canals navigable by very small boats. Center of great cult of worship of Visnu with cylindrical crown, Phnom Da school.'§REF§(Ooi 2004, 581)§REF§" }, { "id": 208, "polity": { "id": 37, "name": "kh_funan_1", "long_name": "Funan I", "start_year": 225, "end_year": 540 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " The use of boats is recorded in a Chinese text translated and published by Paul Pelliot in 1903. The text indicates that boats from Funan were made from a single log and that the head and the tail of a fish. §REF§(Pelliot 1903, p. 261)§REF§ The use of canals as transport systems has been theorized by Higham who poses that \"The way in which the canals link settlements also makes it likely that they were used to convey goods between the centres of population\". §REF§(Higham 2002, p. 238)§REF§ This Chinese text mentions that the Funan people were aggressive toward their neighbors, whom they sometimes captured and enslaved, but they were also expert smiths of gold rings and bracelets, silver plates, and bronze statues, as well as shipbuilders.'§REF§(Miksic 2007, p.123)§REF§" }, { "id": 209, "polity": { "id": 38, "name": "kh_funan_2", "long_name": "Funan II", "start_year": 540, "end_year": 640 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " The use of boats is recorded in a Chinese text translated and published by Paul Pelliot in 1903. The text indicates that boats from Funan were made from a single log and that the head and the tail of a fish. §REF§(Pelliot 1903, p. 261)§REF§ The use of canals as transport systems has been theorized by Higham who poses that \"The way in which the canals link settlements also makes it likely that they were used to convey goods between the centres of population\". §REF§(Higham 2002, p. 238)§REF§ This Chinese text mentions that the Funan people were aggressive toward their neighbors, whom they sometimes captured and enslaved, but they were also expert smiths of gold rings and bracelets, silver plates, and bronze statues, as well as shipbuilders.'§REF§(Miksic 2007, p.123)§REF§" }, { "id": 210, "polity": { "id": 463, "name": "kz_andronovo", "long_name": "Andronovo", "start_year": -1800, "end_year": -1200 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 211, "polity": { "id": 104, "name": "lb_phoenician_emp", "long_name": "Phoenician Empire", "start_year": -1200, "end_year": -332 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " Given the Phoenicians' use of large galleys in warfare, it is unlikely." }, { "id": 212, "polity": { "id": 432, "name": "ma_saadi_sultanate", "long_name": "Saadi Sultanate", "start_year": 1554, "end_year": 1659 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 213, "polity": { "id": 434, "name": "ml_bamana_k", "long_name": "Bamana kingdom", "start_year": 1712, "end_year": 1861 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Founder of the Bambara Empire, Mamary Coulibaly, used war canoes to fight and patrol the Niger River.§REF§(Blauer and Lauré 2008, 29) Ettagale Blauer. Jason Lauré. 2008. Cultures of the World Mali. Marshall Cavendish. New York.§REF§ Reference for pre-colonial West African warfare: \"Mobility was provided by the horse and other animals and by the canoe\".§REF§(Smith 1989, 64) Robert Sydney Smith. 1989. Warfare & Diplomacy in Pre-colonial West Africa. Second Edition. The University of Wisconsin Press. Madison.§REF§ Reference for pre-colonial West Africa: The largest dug-out canoes could carry 100 men as well as their provisions. Others carried a few men, or a couple of dozen.§REF§(Smith 1989, 91) Robert Sydney Smith. 1989. Warfare & Diplomacy in Pre-colonial West Africa. Second Edition. The University of Wisconsin Press. Madison.§REF§" }, { "id": 214, "polity": { "id": 427, "name": "ml_jenne_jeno_1", "long_name": "Jenne-jeno I", "start_year": -250, "end_year": 49 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 215, "polity": { "id": 428, "name": "ml_jenne_jeno_2", "long_name": "Jenne-jeno II", "start_year": 50, "end_year": 399 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 216, "polity": { "id": 430, "name": "ml_jenne_jeno_3", "long_name": "Jenne-jeno III", "start_year": 400, "end_year": 899 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 217, "polity": { "id": 431, "name": "ml_jenne_jeno_4", "long_name": "Jenne-jeno IV", "start_year": 900, "end_year": 1300 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 218, "polity": { "id": 229, "name": "ml_mali_emp", "long_name": "Mali Empire", "start_year": 1230, "end_year": 1410 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Songhay Empire: Askia Muhammad created a full-time navy on the Niger. Before him Sunni Ali had \"Niger boatmen in his amateur military system.\"§REF§(Davidson 1998, 168) Davidson, Basil. 1998. West Africa Before the Colonial Era. Routledge. London.§REF§" }, { "id": 219, "polity": { "id": 433, "name": "ml_segou_k", "long_name": "Segou Kingdom", "start_year": 1650, "end_year": 1712 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Founder of the successor state, the Bambara Empire, Mamary Coulibaly used war canoes to fight and patrol the Niger River.§REF§(Blauer and Lauré 2008, 29) Ettagale Blauer. Jason Lauré. 2008. Cultures of the World Mali. Marshall Cavendish. New York.§REF§ Reference for pre-colonial West African warfare: \"Mobility was provided by the horse and other animals and by the canoe\".§REF§(Smith 1989, 64) Robert Sydney Smith. 1989. Warfare & Diplomacy in Pre-colonial West Africa. Second Edition. The University of Wisconsin Press. Madison.§REF§ Reference for pre-colonial West Africa: The largest dug-out canoes could carry 100 men as well as their provisions. Others carried a few men, or a couple of dozen.§REF§(Smith 1989, 91) Robert Sydney Smith. 1989. Warfare & Diplomacy in Pre-colonial West Africa. Second Edition. The University of Wisconsin Press. Madison.§REF§" }, { "id": 220, "polity": { "id": 242, "name": "ml_songhai_2", "long_name": "Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty", "start_year": 1493, "end_year": 1591 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Songhay Empire: Askia Muhammad created a full-time navy on the Niger. Before him Sunni Ali had \"Niger boatmen in his amateur military system.\"§REF§(Davidson 1998, 168) Davidson, Basil. 1998. West Africa Before the Colonial Era. Routledge. London.§REF§ Commander of canoe-fleet called hi-koy.§REF§(Davidson 1998, 168) Davidson, Basil. 1998. West Africa Before the Colonial Era. Routledge. London.§REF§" }, { "id": 221, "polity": { "id": 283, "name": "mn_turk_khaganate_1", "long_name": "Eastern Turk Khaganate", "start_year": 583, "end_year": 630 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " According to personal communication with N. Kradin. §REF§(Kradin 2015, personal communication)§REF§" }, { "id": 222, "polity": { "id": 288, "name": "mn_khitan_1", "long_name": "Khitan I", "start_year": 907, "end_year": 1125 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 223, "polity": { "id": 267, "name": "mn_mongol_emp", "long_name": "Mongol Empire", "start_year": 1206, "end_year": 1270 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 224, "polity": { "id": 442, "name": "mn_mongol_early", "long_name": "Early Mongols", "start_year": 1000, "end_year": 1206 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 225, "polity": { "id": 443, "name": "mn_mongol_late", "long_name": "Late Mongols", "start_year": 1368, "end_year": 1690 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 226, "polity": { "id": 278, "name": "mn_rouran_khaganate", "long_name": "Rouran Khaganate", "start_year": 300, "end_year": 555 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Rouran were nomads who did not have permanent settlements so no reason to use boats to travel from point A-B when they have horses to do so." }, { "id": 227, "polity": { "id": 439, "name": "mn_shiwei", "long_name": "Shiwei", "start_year": 600, "end_year": 1000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 228, "polity": { "id": 440, "name": "mn_turk_khaganate_2", "long_name": "Second Turk Khaganate", "start_year": 682, "end_year": 744 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " §REF§(Kradin 2015, personal communication)§REF§" }, { "id": 229, "polity": { "id": 286, "name": "mn_uygur_khaganate", "long_name": "Uigur Khaganate", "start_year": 745, "end_year": 840 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 230, "polity": { "id": 438, "name": "mn_xianbei", "long_name": "Xianbei Confederation", "start_year": 100, "end_year": 250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " According to personal communication with N. Kradin. §REF§(Kradin 2015, personal communication)§REF§" }, { "id": 231, "polity": { "id": 437, "name": "mn_hunnu_early", "long_name": "Early Xiongnu", "start_year": -1400, "end_year": -300 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The Xiongnu were land-based steppe nomads, unlikely to have had any sort of navy" }, { "id": 232, "polity": { "id": 274, "name": "mn_hunnu_late", "long_name": "Late Xiongnu", "start_year": -60, "end_year": 100 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " According to personal communication with N. Kradin. §REF§(Kradin 2015, personal communication)§REF§" }, { "id": 233, "polity": { "id": 272, "name": "mn_hunnu_emp", "long_name": "Xiongnu Imperial Confederation", "start_year": -209, "end_year": -60 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " According to personal communication with N. Kradin. §REF§(Kradin 2015, personal communication)§REF§" }, { "id": 234, "polity": { "id": 444, "name": "mn_zungharian_emp", "long_name": "Zungharian Empire", "start_year": 1670, "end_year": 1757 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 235, "polity": { "id": 224, "name": "mr_wagadu_3", "long_name": "Later Wagadu Empire", "start_year": 1078, "end_year": 1203 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " dugout canoes very old technology in West Africa - oldest found at Dufuna at least 6,400 ago.§REF§(Reader 1998, 271)§REF§" }, { "id": 236, "polity": { "id": 216, "name": "mr_wagadu_2", "long_name": "Middle Wagadu Empire", "start_year": 700, "end_year": 1077 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " dugout canoes very old technology in West Africa - oldest found at Dufuna at least 6,400 ago.§REF§(Reader 1998, 271)§REF§" }, { "id": 237, "polity": { "id": 525, "name": "mx_monte_alban_1_early", "long_name": "Early Monte Alban I", "start_year": -500, "end_year": -300 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The Valley of Oaxaca is landlocked." }, { "id": 238, "polity": { "id": 526, "name": "mx_monte_alban_1_late", "long_name": "Monte Alban Late I", "start_year": -300, "end_year": -100 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The Valley of Oaxaca is landlocked." }, { "id": 239, "polity": { "id": 527, "name": "mx_monte_alban_2", "long_name": "Monte Alban II", "start_year": -100, "end_year": 200 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The Valley of Oaxaca is landlocked." }, { "id": 240, "polity": { "id": 528, "name": "mx_monte_alban_3_a", "long_name": "Monte Alban III", "start_year": 200, "end_year": 500 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The Valley of Oaxaca is landlocked." }, { "id": 241, "polity": { "id": 529, "name": "mx_monte_alban_3_b_4", "long_name": "Monte Alban IIIB and IV", "start_year": 500, "end_year": 900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The Valley of Oaxaca is landlocked." }, { "id": 242, "polity": { "id": 532, "name": "mx_monte_alban_5", "long_name": "Monte Alban V", "start_year": 900, "end_year": 1520 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The Valley of Oaxaca is landlocked." }, { "id": 243, "polity": { "id": 8, "name": "mx_basin_of_mexico_3", "long_name": "Early Formative Basin of Mexico", "start_year": -1200, "end_year": -801 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " Lakeshore residency, woodcarving expertise, and extensive exploitation of lacustrine resources dates to c.5000-2000 BCE in the region,§REF§Niederberger, Christine. (1979) \"Early Sedentary Economy in the Basin of Mexico\" <i>Science</i> 203(4376):131-142.§REF§ and the prehisoric use of canoes has often been suggested,§REF§Drennan, R. D. (1984). Long‐distance transport costs in pre‐Hispanic Mesoamerica. American Anthropologist, 86(1), 105-112.§REF§§REF§Parsons, Jeffrey R. (2006) <i>The Last “Pescadores” of Chimalhuacán, Mexico: An Archaeological Ethnography.</i> Anthropological Papers, No. 96. Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.§REF§§REF§Hassig, Ross. (1985) <i>Trade, tribute, and transportation: The sixteenth-century political economy of the Valley of Mexico.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, pg.56-66.§REF§ but there is no direct evidence of canoes (made of wood) in the archaeological record." }, { "id": 244, "polity": { "id": 10, "name": "mx_basin_of_mexico_5", "long_name": "Late Formative Basin of Mexico", "start_year": -400, "end_year": -101 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": true, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Lakeshore/island residency, woodcarving expertise, and extensive exploitation of lacustrine resources all suggest that canoes similar to those known from the Late Postclassic were probably used,§REF§Niederberger, Christine. (1979) \"Early Sedentary Economy in the Basin of Mexico\" <i>Science</i> 203(4376):131-142.§REF§ and the prehisoric use of canoes has often been suggested,§REF§Drennan, R. D. (1984). Long‐distance transport costs in pre‐Hispanic Mesoamerica. American Anthropologist, 86(1), 105-112.§REF§§REF§Parsons, Jeffrey R. (2006) <i>The Last “Pescadores” of Chimalhuacán, Mexico: An Archaeological Ethnography.</i> Anthropological Papers, No. 96. Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.§REF§§REF§Hassig, Ross. (1985) <i>Trade, tribute, and transportation: The sixteenth-century political economy of the Valley of Mexico.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, pg.56-66.§REF§§REF§Drennan, R. D. (1984). Long‐distance transport costs in pre‐Hispanic Mesoamerica. American Anthropologist, 86(1), 105-112.§REF§ and archaeologists believe that warfare was widespread in the Basin of Mexico among polities that shared lakes, but there is no direct evidence of canoes (made of wood) or canoe warfare in the archaeological record." }, { "id": 245, "polity": { "id": 10, "name": "mx_basin_of_mexico_5", "long_name": "Late Formative Basin of Mexico", "start_year": -400, "end_year": -101 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": true, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Lakeshore/island residency, woodcarving expertise, and extensive exploitation of lacustrine resources all suggest that canoes similar to those known from the Late Postclassic were probably used,§REF§Niederberger, Christine. (1979) \"Early Sedentary Economy in the Basin of Mexico\" <i>Science</i> 203(4376):131-142.§REF§ and the prehisoric use of canoes has often been suggested,§REF§Drennan, R. D. (1984). Long‐distance transport costs in pre‐Hispanic Mesoamerica. American Anthropologist, 86(1), 105-112.§REF§§REF§Parsons, Jeffrey R. (2006) <i>The Last “Pescadores” of Chimalhuacán, Mexico: An Archaeological Ethnography.</i> Anthropological Papers, No. 96. Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.§REF§§REF§Hassig, Ross. (1985) <i>Trade, tribute, and transportation: The sixteenth-century political economy of the Valley of Mexico.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, pg.56-66.§REF§§REF§Drennan, R. D. (1984). Long‐distance transport costs in pre‐Hispanic Mesoamerica. American Anthropologist, 86(1), 105-112.§REF§ and archaeologists believe that warfare was widespread in the Basin of Mexico among polities that shared lakes, but there is no direct evidence of canoes (made of wood) or canoe warfare in the archaeological record." }, { "id": 246, "polity": { "id": 9, "name": "mx_basin_of_mexico_4", "long_name": "Middle Formative Basin of Mexico", "start_year": -800, "end_year": -401 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " Lakeshore residency, woodcarving expertise, and extensive exploitation of lacustrine resources dates to c.5000-2000 BCE in the region,§REF§Niederberger, Christine. (1979) \"Early Sedentary Economy in the Basin of Mexico\" <i>Science</i> 203(4376):131-142.§REF§ and the prehisoric use of canoes has often been suggested,§REF§Drennan, R. D. (1984). Long‐distance transport costs in pre‐Hispanic Mesoamerica. American Anthropologist, 86(1), 105-112.§REF§§REF§Parsons, Jeffrey R. (2006) <i>The Last “Pescadores” of Chimalhuacán, Mexico: An Archaeological Ethnography.</i> Anthropological Papers, No. 96. Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.§REF§§REF§Hassig, Ross. (1985) <i>Trade, tribute, and transportation: The sixteenth-century political economy of the Valley of Mexico.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, pg.56-66.§REF§ but there is no direct evidence of canoes (made of wood) in the archaeological record." }, { "id": 247, "polity": { "id": 11, "name": "mx_basin_of_mexico_6", "long_name": "Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico", "start_year": -100, "end_year": 99 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " Lakeshore/island residency, woodcarving expertise, and extensive exploitation of lacustrine resources all suggest that canoes similar to those known from the Late Postclassic were probably used,§REF§Niederberger, Christine. (1979) \"Early Sedentary Economy in the Basin of Mexico\" <i>Science</i> 203(4376):131-142.§REF§ and the prehisoric use of canoes has often been suggested,§REF§Drennan, R. D. (1984). Long‐distance transport costs in pre‐Hispanic Mesoamerica. American Anthropologist, 86(1), 105-112.§REF§§REF§Parsons, Jeffrey R. (2006) <i>The Last “Pescadores” of Chimalhuacán, Mexico: An Archaeological Ethnography.</i> Anthropological Papers, No. 96. Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.§REF§§REF§Hassig, Ross. (1985) <i>Trade, tribute, and transportation: The sixteenth-century political economy of the Valley of Mexico.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, pg.56-66.§REF§§REF§Drennan, R. D. (1984). Long‐distance transport costs in pre‐Hispanic Mesoamerica. American Anthropologist, 86(1), 105-112.§REF§ and archaeologists believe that warfare was widespread in the Basin of Mexico among polities that shared lakes, but there is no direct evidence of canoes (made of wood) or canoe warfare in the archaeological record." }, { "id": 248, "polity": { "id": 524, "name": "mx_rosario", "long_name": "Oaxaca - Rosario", "start_year": -700, "end_year": -500 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The Valley of Oaxaca is landlocked." }, { "id": 249, "polity": { "id": 523, "name": "mx_san_jose", "long_name": "Oaxaca - San Jose", "start_year": -1150, "end_year": -700 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The Valley of Oaxaca is landlocked." }, { "id": 250, "polity": { "id": 522, "name": "mx_tierras_largas", "long_name": "Oaxaca - Tierras Largas", "start_year": -1400, "end_year": -1150 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The Valley of Oaxaca is landlocked." } ] }