Small Vessels Canoes Etc List
A viewset for viewing and editing Small Vessels, Canoes, etc.
GET /api/wf/small-vessel-canoe-etc/?format=api
{ "count": 333, "next": "https://seshat-db.com/api/wf/small-vessel-canoe-etc/?format=api&page=2", "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 1, "polity": { "id": 137, "name": "af_durrani_emp", "long_name": "Durrani Empire", "start_year": 1747, "end_year": 1826 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " The Durrani were a land based power, at most using river craft for logistical purposes. §REF§Indian Warfare and Afghan Innovation During the Eighteenth Century Studies in History August 1995 11: 261-280§REF§ As the Durrani were a land based power, coded absent. §REF§Roy, Kaushik. War, Culture and Society in Early Modern South Asia, 1740-1849. Taylor & Francis, 2011. pp. 30-35§REF§" }, { "id": 2, "polity": { "id": 134, "name": "af_ghur_principality", "long_name": "Ghur Principality", "start_year": 1025, "end_year": 1215 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The Delhi Sultanate had no navy and the Mughal Empire made sporadic attempts to construct a navy. The Mughals maintained a riverine fleet for coastal warfare but lacked a Blue Water Navy.\"§REF§(Roy 2015, 9) Kaushik Roy. 2015. Warfare in Pre-British India - 1500 BCE to 1740 CE. Routledge. London.§REF§" }, { "id": 3, "polity": { "id": 350, "name": "af_greco_bactrian_k", "long_name": "Greco-Bactrian Kingdom", "start_year": -256, "end_year": -125 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " e.g. ships used to cross water like the Hellespont etc. §REF§Sekunda, Nick. The army of Alexander the Great.§REF§ As a landlocked kingdom, naval forces were restricted to river craft" }, { "id": 4, "polity": { "id": 129, "name": "af_hephthalite_emp", "long_name": "Hephthalite Empire", "start_year": 408, "end_year": 561 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Extremely unlikely they would not use river boats." }, { "id": 5, "polity": { "id": 281, "name": "af_kidarite_k", "long_name": "Kidarite Kingdom", "start_year": 388, "end_year": 477 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Extremely unlikely they would not use river boats." }, { "id": 6, "polity": { "id": 127, "name": "af_kushan_emp", "long_name": "Kushan Empire", "start_year": 35, "end_year": 319 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": true, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 7, "polity": { "id": 127, "name": "af_kushan_emp", "long_name": "Kushan Empire", "start_year": 35, "end_year": 319 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": true, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 8, "polity": { "id": 467, "name": "af_tocharian", "long_name": "Tocharians", "start_year": -129, "end_year": 29 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 9, "polity": { "id": 253, "name": "cn_eastern_han_dyn", "long_name": "Eastern Han Empire", "start_year": 25, "end_year": 220 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " In use since the Shang dynasty" }, { "id": 10, "polity": { "id": 254, "name": "cn_western_jin_dyn", "long_name": "Western Jin", "start_year": 265, "end_year": 317 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Naval operations \"very common\" on rivers. §REF§(Peers 1995, 20-21)§REF§" }, { "id": 11, "polity": { "id": 422, "name": "cn_erligang", "long_name": "Erligang", "start_year": -1650, "end_year": -1250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The first recorded use of ships in a military operation occurred circa 1045 B.C.E.\"§REF§(Lorge 2012, 82-83)§REF§" }, { "id": 12, "polity": { "id": 421, "name": "cn_erlitou", "long_name": "Erlitou", "start_year": -1850, "end_year": -1600 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The first recorded use of ships in a military operation occurred circa 1045 B.C.E.\"§REF§(Lorge 2012, 82-83)§REF§" }, { "id": 13, "polity": { "id": 471, "name": "cn_hmong_2", "long_name": "Hmong - Early Chinese", "start_year": 1895, "end_year": 1941 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " 'The boat used in the Miao area generally measures nine kung ch'ih in length, divided into seven holds, the middle hold being the widest, about one kung ch'ih in width (Illus. 18, 19). The oar, the paddle, the pole, the mast, and other attachments of the boat are not different from those seen elsewhere, except that at the bow there is a long paddle about six kung ch'ih long, which is used for coming down the sandbanks. Traveling upstream offers the greatest difficulty. Every time a sandbank is crossed, the boat has to be poled, lifted, towed, or pushed by several dozen men. Their chanting is as loud as the angry waves.'§REF§Ling, Shun-sheng, Yifu Ruey, and Lien-en Tsao. 1947. “Report On An Investigation Of The Miao Of Western Hunan.\", 70§REF§" }, { "id": 14, "polity": { "id": 470, "name": "cn_hmong_1", "long_name": "Hmong - Late Qing", "start_year": 1701, "end_year": 1895 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Ling et al describe Hmong boats: 'The boat used in the Miao area generally measures nine kung ch'ih in length, divided into seven holds, the middle hold being the widest, about one kung ch'ih in width (Illus. 18, 19). The oar, the paddle, the pole, the mast, and other attachments of the boat are not different from those seen elsewhere, except that at the bow there is a long paddle about six kung ch'ih long, which is used for coming down the sandbanks. Traveling upstream offers the greatest difficulty. Every time a sandbank is crossed, the boat has to be poled, lifted, towed, or pushed by several dozen men.'§REF§Ling, Shun-sheng, Yifu Ruey, and Lien-en Tsao. 1947. “Report On An Investigation Of The Miao Of Western Hunan.\", 70§REF§ We are unsure whether these were used in warfare. We have coded 'absent' for the time being." }, { "id": 15, "polity": { "id": 245, "name": "cn_jin_spring_and_autumn", "long_name": "Jin", "start_year": -780, "end_year": -404 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " §REF§(Falkenhausen 1999, 526)§REF§" }, { "id": 16, "polity": { "id": 420, "name": "cn_longshan", "long_name": "Longshan", "start_year": -3000, "end_year": -1900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The first recorded use of ships in a military operation occurred circa 1045 B.C.E.\" §REF§(Lorge 2012, 82-83)§REF§" }, { "id": 17, "polity": { "id": 266, "name": "cn_later_great_jin", "long_name": "Jin Dynasty", "start_year": 1115, "end_year": 1234 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"The Song army with its large oceangoing warships, wreaked havoc on the small Jin vessels §REF§(Lorge, 2012, 87)§REF§§REF§《中國通史 宋遼金元史》〈第四章 南宋與金－中國南北的再分裂〉 第63頁－第79頁.§REF§" }, { "id": 18, "polity": { "id": 269, "name": "cn_ming_dyn", "long_name": "Great Ming", "start_year": 1368, "end_year": 1644 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Water Route: Modern scholar estimates that the total length of official land and water routes in the Ming amounted to 143,700 li (84,200 km or 52,300 miles).§REF§(Brook, 2010, p.30-31)§REF§ Government barge: The size of the canal demanded labor and equipment on a scale equal to its requirements. By the mid-fifteenth century, 11,775 government grain barges were being hauled up and down the canal by 121,500 solders to keep the imperial storehouses in Beijing full. §REF§(Brook, 2010, p.110)§REF§ Imperial barge: The imperial household also operated its own barge to supply the palace. These were said to number 161, of which fifteen were iceboats to transport fresh fish and fruit from the south. 600 skiffs call “fast-as-horse boats” that the Ministry of War were operated to protect imperial haul. §REF§(Brook, 2010, p.110)§REF§" }, { "id": 19, "polity": { "id": 425, "name": "cn_northern_song_dyn", "long_name": "Northern Song", "start_year": 960, "end_year": 1127 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Supported by a river fleet in early conquests, e.g. against Southern Song. §REF§(Lorge 2005, 32)§REF§" }, { "id": 20, "polity": { "id": 258, "name": "cn_northern_wei_dyn", "long_name": "Northern Wei", "start_year": 386, "end_year": 534 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " May have been used on military expeditions to the south. However, use would not have been extensive or highly complex. In 450 CE Wei Emperor Taiwu vs Song: \"The Wei ruler made noises about crossing the river, but this was surely bluff since his men had neither the vessels nor the skills they would need to overcome the Song fleet.\" \"The Northern Wei attempted to use the river vessels, which had been captured when Wang retreated, to block a Song fleet of a hundred boats.\" §REF§(Dien 2014, 35) Dien, Albert. 2014. The Disputation at Pengcheng: Accounts from the Wei Shu and Song Shu. in ed. Swartz, Wendy, Campany, Robert Ford, Lu, Yang and Jessey Choo. Early Medieval China: A Sourcebook. New York: Columbia University Press. 32-60.§REF§" }, { "id": 21, "polity": { "id": 1, "name": "cn_qing_dyn_1", "long_name": "Early Qing", "start_year": 1644, "end_year": 1796 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"China's seagoing forces consisted of small ships and boats tethered to the military organizations of specific provinces.\" §REF§(Dreyer, 2012, 28)§REF§" }, { "id": 22, "polity": { "id": 2, "name": "cn_qing_dyn_2", "long_name": "Late Qing", "start_year": 1796, "end_year": 1912 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " e.g. small wooden war vessels of the Gunagdong Fleet §REF§(Wright 2001, 25)§REF§" }, { "id": 23, "polity": { "id": 243, "name": "cn_late_shang_dyn", "long_name": "Late Shang", "start_year": -1250, "end_year": -1045 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " There are written references to boats starting with the oracle bones of the Shang dynasty, which bear graphs interpreted as the original signs for a boat, a boat propelled by an oar, and the way to caulk the seams of a boat. Caulking suggests considerable sophistication in construction at such an early date. §REF§Kidder Jr., J. Edward, 2007. Himiko and Japan's Elusive Kingdom of Yamatai (Honolulu: Hawaii University Press). p. 40§REF§" }, { "id": 24, "polity": { "id": 260, "name": "cn_sui_dyn", "long_name": "Sui Dynasty", "start_year": 581, "end_year": 618 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"In 598, to prevent water-borne rebellion, Wen-ti ordered the confiscation in the south of all boats which were thirty feet long and over.\" §REF§(Wright 1979, 102)§REF§ The Sui shu says Yang-ti for a ceremonial procession along a canal \"built dragon boats, phoenix vessels, war boats of the 'Yellow Dragon' style, red battle cruisers, multi-decked transports, lesser vessels of bamboo slats.\"§REF§(Wright 1979, 137)§REF§" }, { "id": 25, "polity": { "id": 261, "name": "cn_tang_dyn_1", "long_name": "Tang Dynasty I", "start_year": 617, "end_year": 763 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Based on earlier polities. River boats etc." }, { "id": 26, "polity": { "id": 264, "name": "cn_tang_dyn_2", "long_name": "Tang Dynasty II", "start_year": 763, "end_year": 907 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " River boats etc." }, { "id": 27, "polity": { "id": 424, "name": "cn_wei_dyn_warring_states", "long_name": "Early Wei Dynasty", "start_year": -445, "end_year": -225 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 28, "polity": { "id": 251, "name": "cn_western_han_dyn", "long_name": "Western Han Empire", "start_year": -202, "end_year": 9 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Ships were used for naval assaults in China for centuries" }, { "id": 29, "polity": { "id": 244, "name": "cn_western_zhou_dyn", "long_name": "Western Zhou", "start_year": -1122, "end_year": -771 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"The first recorded use of ships in a military operation occurred circa 1045 B.C.E when King Wu of Zhou ferried 300 chariots and 3,000 men of his personal guard across the Yellow River at Menjin in forty-seven ships to attack the Shang capital. These were not specialized warships but vessels commandeered for the operation.\" §REF§(Lorge 2012, 82-83)§REF§" }, { "id": 30, "polity": { "id": 419, "name": "cn_yangshao", "long_name": "Yangshao", "start_year": -5000, "end_year": -3000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The first recorded use of ships in a military operation occurred circa 1045 B.C.E.\" §REF§(Lorge 2012, 82-83)§REF§" }, { "id": 31, "polity": { "id": 268, "name": "cn_yuan_dyn", "long_name": "Great Yuan", "start_year": 1271, "end_year": 1368 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"In late 1267, the Mongol army began to ring Xiangyang and Fancheng with forts and contest the Song navy for control of the river.\"§REF§(Lorge 2005, 83)§REF§" }, { "id": 32, "polity": { "id": 435, "name": "co_neguanje", "long_name": "Neguanje", "start_year": 250, "end_year": 1050 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 33, "polity": { "id": 436, "name": "co_tairona", "long_name": "Tairona", "start_year": 1050, "end_year": 1524 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 34, "polity": { "id": 196, "name": "ec_shuar_1", "long_name": "Shuar - Colonial", "start_year": 1534, "end_year": 1830 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " The Shuar also used canoes when travelling far on campaigns: 'The co-operation provided by such non-untsuri šuarä inviters has sometimes made it possible for the Jívaro to travel incredibly far to kill. In one fondly remembered case, the assistance given by a tsumu šuarä (Huambisa) inviter-guide made it possible for a Jívaro expedition to pass down the Río Santiago by canoe through the entire Huambisa tribe and to wipe out most of an Aguaruna household on the Río Marañon below the Pongo de Manseriche.' §REF§Harner, Michael J. 1973. “Jívaro: People Of The Sacred Waterfalls.”, 116§REF§" }, { "id": 35, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"The co-operation provided by such non-untsuri šuarä inviters has sometimes made it possible for the Jívaro to travel incredibly far to kill. In one fondly remembered case, the assistance given by a tsumu šuarä (Huambisa) inviter-guide made it possible for a Jívaro expedition to pass down the Río Santiago by canoe through the entire Huambisa tribe and to wipe out most of an Aguaruna household on the Río Marañon below the Pongo de Manseriche.\"§REF§Harner, Michael J. 1973. “Jívaro: People Of The Sacred Waterfalls.”, 116§REF§" }, { "id": 36, "polity": { "id": 367, "name": "eg_ayyubid_sultanate", "long_name": "Ayyubid Sultanate", "start_year": 1171, "end_year": 1250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Inferred from necessity of Nile river travel." }, { "id": 37, "polity": { "id": 510, "name": "eg_badarian", "long_name": "Badarian", "start_year": -4400, "end_year": -3800 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"Sophisticated, elaborate boats were evidently used by 3600 B.C. (Late Nagada), but model boats from Merimda suggest that boats and canoes were already in use before 4500 B.C.\" §REF§(Hassan 1988, 157)§REF§" }, { "id": 38, "polity": { "id": 514, "name": "eg_dynasty_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty I", "start_year": -3100, "end_year": -2900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 39, "polity": { "id": 515, "name": "eg_dynasty_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty II", "start_year": -2900, "end_year": -2687 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 40, "polity": { "id": 205, "name": "eg_inter_occupation", "long_name": "Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period", "start_year": -404, "end_year": -342 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 41, "polity": { "id": 232, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I", "start_year": 1260, "end_year": 1348 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Inferred from necessity of Nile travel." }, { "id": 42, "polity": { "id": 239, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III", "start_year": 1412, "end_year": 1517 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Inferred from necessity of Nile travel." }, { "id": 43, "polity": { "id": 236, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II", "start_year": 1348, "end_year": 1412 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Inferred from necessity of Nile travel." }, { "id": 44, "polity": { "id": 519, "name": "eg_middle_k", "long_name": "Egypt - Middle Kingdom", "start_year": -2016, "end_year": -1700 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " River vessels used for conflict.§REF§(Healy 1992, 25)§REF§" }, { "id": 45, "polity": { "id": 511, "name": "eg_naqada_1", "long_name": "Naqada I", "start_year": -3800, "end_year": -3550 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Sophisticated, elaborate boats were evidently used by 3600 B.C. (Late Nagada), but model boats from Merimda suggest that boats and canoes were already in use before 4500 B.C. §REF§(Hassan 1988, 157)§REF§" }, { "id": 46, "polity": { "id": 512, "name": "eg_naqada_2", "long_name": "Naqada II", "start_year": -3550, "end_year": -3300 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Sophisticated, elaborate boats were evidently used by 3600 B.C. (Late Nagada), but model boats from Merimda suggest that boats and canoes were already in use before 4500 B.C. §REF§(Hassan 1988, 157)§REF§" }, { "id": 47, "polity": { "id": 513, "name": "eg_naqada_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty 0", "start_year": -3300, "end_year": -3100 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Sophisticated, elaborate boats were evidently used by 3600 B.C. (Late Nagada), but model boats from Merimda suggest that boats and canoes were already in use before 4500 B.C. §REF§(Hassan 1988, 157)§REF§" }, { "id": 48, "polity": { "id": 199, "name": "eg_new_k_2", "long_name": "Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period", "start_year": -1293, "end_year": -1070 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": " §REF§(<a class=\"external autonumber\" href=\"http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/history18-20.htm#18th\" rel=\"nofollow\">[18]</a>)§REF§ River vessels used for conflict.§REF§(Healy 1992, 25)§REF§" }, { "id": 49, "polity": { "id": 198, "name": "eg_new_k_1", "long_name": "Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period", "start_year": -1550, "end_year": -1293 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 50, "polity": { "id": 516, "name": "eg_old_k_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom", "start_year": -2650, "end_year": -2350 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Small_vessels_canoes_etc", "small_vessels_canoes_etc": "present", "comment": null, "description": null } ] }