Plate Armor List
A viewset for viewing and editing Plate Armors.
GET /api/wf/plate-armors/?format=api
{ "count": 358, "next": "https://seshat-db.com/api/wf/plate-armors/?format=api&page=2", "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 1, "polity": { "id": 137, "name": "af_durrani_emp", "long_name": "Durrani Empire", "start_year": 1747, "end_year": 1826 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Worn by cavalry.§REF§Roy, Kaushik. War, Culture and Society in Early Modern South Asia, 1740-1849. Taylor & Francis, 2011. pp. 30-35§REF§" }, { "id": 2, "polity": { "id": 134, "name": "af_ghur_principality", "long_name": "Ghur Principality", "start_year": 1025, "end_year": 1215 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Horse armour (bar-gustuwan).§REF§(Jackson 2003, 17) Peter Jackson. 2003. The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.§REF§ Exported cuirasses.§REF§(Nizami 1999, 178) K A Nizami. The Ghurids. M S Asimov. C E Bosworth. eds. 1999. History of Civilizations of Central Asia. Volume IV. Part One. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited. Delhi.§REF§ Ghaznavid and Ghurid armies: heavy armour.§REF§(Wink 1997, 89-90) Andre Wink. 1997. Al-Hind the Making of the Indo-Islamic World. Volume II: The Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest 11th-13th Centuries. BRILL. Leiden.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 3, "polity": { "id": 350, "name": "af_greco_bactrian_k", "long_name": "Greco-Bactrian Kingdom", "start_year": -256, "end_year": -125 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " The coins from the period show muscled cuirass.§REF§Sidky, H., The Greek Kingdom of Bactria, from Alexander to Eucratides the Great, Oxford, 2000, pp. 168-169§REF§ There is also some limited archaeological evidence. §REF§Nikonorov, Valeri P., and Serge A. Savchuk. \"New Data on Ancient Bactrian Body-Armour (In the Light of Finds from Kampyr Tepe).\" Iran (1992): 49-54.§REF§" }, { "id": 4, "polity": { "id": 129, "name": "af_hephthalite_emp", "long_name": "Hephthalite Empire", "start_year": 408, "end_year": 561 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 5, "polity": { "id": 127, "name": "af_kushan_emp", "long_name": "Kushan Empire", "start_year": 35, "end_year": 319 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Armour seems to have included the muscle cuirass. Kings are shown on coins wearing scale shaped plates, and some evidence from archaeological digs have found iron plates. §REF§The armies of Bactria 70 BC-450 AD p. 57§REF§ \"Sauromatian bronze helmets and scale or plate armor not of local production appear in the Volga River region and southern Ural Steppes in the fifth-fourth century b.c., showing an increase in the exchange economy among neighboring communities.\" §REF§Nicola Di Cosmo. 2002. Ancient China and Its Enemies: The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, p. 42§REF§ Saka warriors who destroyed the Greco-Bactrian city of Ai Khanoum in 145 BCE (and may have used similar military technology to the Kushan nomads) left illustrations in Sogdia (Orlat) depicting chainmail, domed helmets, high-collared metal-plated corselets.§REF§(McLaughlin 2016, 76) Raoul McLaughlin. 2016. The Roman Empire and the Silk Routes: The Ancient World Economy and the Empires of Parthia, Central Asia and Han China. Pen and Sword History. Barnsley.§REF§" }, { "id": 6, "polity": { "id": 467, "name": "af_tocharian", "long_name": "Tocharians", "start_year": -129, "end_year": 29 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Plate armor from Iran appears to have been used by Steppe Nomads and has been coded present in other Steppe polities for different reasons. \"Sauromatian bronze helmets and scale or plate armor not of local production appear in the Volga River region and southern Ural Steppes in the fifth-fourth century b.c., showing an increase in the exchange economy among neighboring communities.\" §REF§Nicola Di Cosmo. 2002. Ancient China and Its Enemies: The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, p. 42§REF§" }, { "id": 7, "polity": { "id": 253, "name": "cn_eastern_han_dyn", "long_name": "Eastern Han Empire", "start_year": 25, "end_year": 220 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Western Han reference to \" \"plates stitched together and divided into several section for the chest, shoulder and collar.\"§REF§(Di Cosmo 2004, 234)§REF§" }, { "id": 8, "polity": { "id": 254, "name": "cn_western_jin_dyn", "long_name": "Western Jin", "start_year": 265, "end_year": 317 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Coat of plates cuirasses existed back in warring states times" }, { "id": 9, "polity": { "id": 422, "name": "cn_erligang", "long_name": "Erligang", "start_year": -1650, "end_year": -1250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " widespread use of armor seems to have developed alongside rise of large infantry forces only in Warring States period, 5th c bce §REF§(Dien 1981)§REF§§REF§(Tin-bor Hui 2005)§REF§" }, { "id": 10, "polity": { "id": 421, "name": "cn_erlitou", "long_name": "Erlitou", "start_year": -1850, "end_year": -1600 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Widespread use of armor seems to have developed alongside rise of large infantry forces only in Warring States period, 5th c bce §REF§(Dien 1981)§REF§§REF§(Tin-bor Hui 2005)§REF§" }, { "id": 11, "polity": { "id": 471, "name": "cn_hmong_2", "long_name": "Hmong - Early Chinese", "start_year": 1895, "end_year": 1941 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " we need expert input in order to code this variable" }, { "id": 12, "polity": { "id": 470, "name": "cn_hmong_1", "long_name": "Hmong - Late Qing", "start_year": 1701, "end_year": 1895 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " we need expert input in order to code this variable" }, { "id": 13, "polity": { "id": 245, "name": "cn_jin_spring_and_autumn", "long_name": "Jin", "start_year": -780, "end_year": -404 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Traditional view: \"Mounted warfare in Chinese armies began in the sixth century BCE, while the increasing projectile power of composite bows and especially the crossbow from the fifth century BCE led to the rise of heavy armour.\"§REF§(Günergun and Raina 2010, 65) Günergun, Feza. Raina, Dhruv. 2010. Science between Europe and Asia: Historical Studies on the Transmission, Adoption and Adaptation of Knowledge. Springer Science & Business Media§REF§ However, there is evidence heavy armour existed in the preceding Western Zhou: \"... suit has yet been unearthed, but a bronze breastplate and two bronze backplates have been found in a Western Zhou ...\"§REF§(Hong 1992, 84) Hong, Yang. 1992. Weapons in Ancient China. Science Press.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 14, "polity": { "id": 420, "name": "cn_longshan", "long_name": "Longshan", "start_year": -3000, "end_year": -1900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " widespread use of armor seems to have developed alongside rise of large infantry forces only in Warring States period, 5th c bce §REF§(Dien 1981)§REF§§REF§(Tin-bor Hui 2005)§REF§" }, { "id": 15, "polity": { "id": 266, "name": "cn_later_great_jin", "long_name": "Jin Dynasty", "start_year": 1115, "end_year": 1234 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 16, "polity": { "id": 269, "name": "cn_ming_dyn", "long_name": "Great Ming", "start_year": 1368, "end_year": 1644 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"this armour cannot be considered a plate armour in its truest sense. The Chinese lack necessary metallurgical expertise to develop full plate armour (with the possible exception of late Ming period Guangdong), and they did not seem to import plate armour directly from the Europeans like their Japanese and Indian neighbours either. ... The Quan Tie Jia (全鐵甲, 'Full iron armour') is made of several large lacquered iron or steel plates sewn to a backing made from thick cotton (or calico) fabric. The edges of these metal plates are wrapped with thrice-folded coarse fabric, likely to prevent chafing. In this regard, the Quan Tie Jia more closely resemble Russian Zertsalo (Зерцало) armour in construction than European full plate.\"§REF§<a class=\"external free\" href=\"http://greatmingmilitary.blogspot.com/2015/02/plate-armour-of-ming-dynasty.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://greatmingmilitary.blogspot.com/2015/02/plate-armour-of-ming-dynasty.html</a>§REF§" }, { "id": 17, "polity": { "id": 425, "name": "cn_northern_song_dyn", "long_name": "Northern Song", "start_year": 960, "end_year": 1127 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Coat made from hundreds of steel plates can been seen on statues." }, { "id": 18, "polity": { "id": 258, "name": "cn_northern_wei_dyn", "long_name": "Northern Wei", "start_year": 386, "end_year": 534 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Coat of plates cuirasses existed back in warring states times" }, { "id": 19, "polity": { "id": 543, "name": "cn_peiligang", "long_name": "Peiligang", "start_year": -7000, "end_year": -5001 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Widespread use of armor seems to have developed alongside rise of large infantry forces only in Warring States period, 5th c. BCE.§REF§(Dien 1981) Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/F82EE9ZF\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/F82EE9ZF</a>.§REF§§REF§(Tin-bor Hui 2005) Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/CSPZPNV5\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/CSPZPNV5</a>?.§REF§" }, { "id": 20, "polity": { "id": 1, "name": "cn_qing_dyn_1", "long_name": "Early Qing", "start_year": 1644, "end_year": 1796 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " coded inferred present for Ming. For high-ranking officers; \"copper gilt plates alternating with brocade and copper studs.\" A lower-ranking soldier wore a long coat of quilted nankeen cotton or a thickly wadded jacket of bark-pulp paper \"covered with thin plates of metal surrounded by brass studs.\" §REF§(Garrett, 2007, 28)§REF§" }, { "id": 21, "polity": { "id": 2, "name": "cn_qing_dyn_2", "long_name": "Late Qing", "start_year": 1796, "end_year": 1912 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " iron breast plates, used primarily for ceremonial or noble armor in the 19th century §REF§(Peers 2002, 232)§REF§<br><b>Naval technology </b>" }, { "id": 22, "polity": { "id": 243, "name": "cn_late_shang_dyn", "long_name": "Late Shang", "start_year": -1250, "end_year": -1045 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " widespread use of armor seems to have developed alongside rise of large infantry forces only in Warring States period, 5th c bce §REF§(Dien 1981)§REF§§REF§(Tin-bor Hui 2005)§REF§" }, { "id": 23, "polity": { "id": 260, "name": "cn_sui_dyn", "long_name": "Sui Dynasty", "start_year": 581, "end_year": 618 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Liang-tang armor worn during the Six Dynasties period: \"One piece in the front and one in back, which we will call breastplate and backplate...joined by straps over the shoulders and a skirt attached below.\" §REF§(Dien 1981, 26) Dien, Albert E. 1981. A Study of Early Chinese Armor. Artibus Asiae 43.1/2: 5-66.§REF§" }, { "id": 24, "polity": { "id": 261, "name": "cn_tang_dyn_1", "long_name": "Tang Dynasty I", "start_year": 617, "end_year": 763 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Inferred from previous polity" }, { "id": 25, "polity": { "id": 264, "name": "cn_tang_dyn_2", "long_name": "Tang Dynasty II", "start_year": 763, "end_year": 907 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " inferred from previous polity codes" }, { "id": 26, "polity": { "id": 424, "name": "cn_wei_dyn_warring_states", "long_name": "Early Wei Dynasty", "start_year": -445, "end_year": -225 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " §REF§(Peers 2013, 31)§REF§ \"The elite troops in the state of Wei had to wear heavy armor and helmets\"§REF§(Ebrey and Walthall 2013, 23) Ebrey, Patricia. Walthall, Anne. 2013. Pre-Modern East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Volume I: To 1800. Cengage Learning.§REF§" }, { "id": 27, "polity": { "id": 251, "name": "cn_western_han_dyn", "long_name": "Western Han Empire", "start_year": -202, "end_year": 9 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Comprised \"plates stitched together and divided into several section for the chest, shoulder and collar.\"§REF§(Di Cosmo 2004, 234)§REF§" }, { "id": 28, "polity": { "id": 244, "name": "cn_western_zhou_dyn", "long_name": "Western Zhou", "start_year": -1122, "end_year": -771 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Traditional view: \"Mounted warfare in Chinese armies began in the sixth century BCE, while the increasing projectile power of composite bows and especially the crossbow from the fifth century BCE led to the rise of heavy armour.\"§REF§(Günergun and Raina 2010, 65) Günergun, Feza. Raina, Dhruv. 2010. Science between Europe and Asia: Historical Studies on the Transmission, Adoption and Adaptation of Knowledge. Springer Science & Business Media§REF§ However, there is evidence heavy armour existed in the Western Zhou: \"... suit has yet been unearthed, but a bronze breastplate and two bronze backplates have been found in a Western Zhou ...\"§REF§(Hong 1992, 84) Hong, Yang. 1992. Weapons in Ancient China. Science Press.§REF§" }, { "id": 29, "polity": { "id": 419, "name": "cn_yangshao", "long_name": "Yangshao", "start_year": -5000, "end_year": -3000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " widespread use of armor seems to have developed alongside rise of large infantry forces only in Warring States period, 5th c bce §REF§(Dien 1981)§REF§§REF§(Tin-bor Hui 2005)§REF§" }, { "id": 30, "polity": { "id": 268, "name": "cn_yuan_dyn", "long_name": "Great Yuan", "start_year": 1271, "end_year": 1368 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 31, "polity": { "id": 435, "name": "co_neguanje", "long_name": "Neguanje", "start_year": 250, "end_year": 1050 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " No discussion in literature of this. In this case it is evidence of absence since this is in line with logical expectations for this late-complexity society." }, { "id": 32, "polity": { "id": 436, "name": "co_tairona", "long_name": "Tairona", "start_year": 1050, "end_year": 1524 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " No discussion in literature of this. In this case it is evidence of absence since this is in line with logical expectations for this late-complexity society." }, { "id": 33, "polity": { "id": 196, "name": "ec_shuar_1", "long_name": "Shuar - Colonial", "start_year": 1534, "end_year": 1830 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The ethnographic record contains descriptions of caps and ornamentation rather than physical armor in the conventional sense of the term" }, { "id": 34, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " The ethnographic record contains descriptions of caps and ornamentation rather than physical armor in the conventional sense of the term" }, { "id": 35, "polity": { "id": 367, "name": "eg_ayyubid_sultanate", "long_name": "Ayyubid Sultanate", "start_year": 1171, "end_year": 1250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 36, "polity": { "id": 510, "name": "eg_badarian", "long_name": "Badarian", "start_year": -4400, "end_year": -3800 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Technology not yet available. \"By 2100 BCE the victory stele of Naram Sin appears to show plate armor, and it is likely that plate armor had been in wide use for a few hundred years. Plate armor was constructed of thin bronze plates sewn to a leather shirt or jerkin.\"§REF§(Gabriel 2002, 21) Richard A Gabriel. 2002. The Great Armies of Antiquity. Praeger. Westport.§REF§" }, { "id": 37, "polity": { "id": 514, "name": "eg_dynasty_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty I", "start_year": -3100, "end_year": -2900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The soldiers of the Old and Middle Kingdom wore no armour. In the Old Kingdom they are usually depicted wearing only a belt and a small triangular loincloth, and by the Middle Kingdom their costume was invariably the same short linen kilt as that worn by civilian workmen. [...] From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers' only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame.\"§REF§(Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. <i>Egyptian Warfare and Weapons</i>. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF</a>.§REF§" }, { "id": 38, "polity": { "id": 515, "name": "eg_dynasty_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty II", "start_year": -2900, "end_year": -2687 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The soldiers of the Old and Middle Kingdom wore no armour. In the Old Kingdom they are usually depicted wearing only a belt and a small triangular loincloth, and by the Middle Kingdom their costume was invariably the same short linen kilt as that worn by civilian workmen. [...] From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers' only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame.\"§REF§(Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. <i>Egyptian Warfare and Weapons</i>. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF</a>.§REF§" }, { "id": 39, "polity": { "id": 205, "name": "eg_inter_occupation", "long_name": "Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period", "start_year": -404, "end_year": -342 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " According to one military historian, by 600 BCE early Greeks and Romans had introduced the bronze cast bell muscle cuirass.§REF§(Gabriel 2002, 21) Richard A Gabriel. 2002. The Great Armies of Antiquity. Praeger. Westport.§REF§" }, { "id": 40, "polity": { "id": 232, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I", "start_year": 1260, "end_year": 1348 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Not mentioned in sources so far consulted." }, { "id": 41, "polity": { "id": 239, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III", "start_year": 1412, "end_year": 1517 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Mail and plate cuirass.§REF§(Nicolle 2014) Nicolle, D. 2014 Mamluk Askar 1250-1517. Osprey Publishing Ltd.§REF§" }, { "id": 42, "polity": { "id": 236, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II", "start_year": 1348, "end_year": 1412 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Not mentioned in sources so far consulted." }, { "id": 43, "polity": { "id": 519, "name": "eg_middle_k", "long_name": "Egypt - Middle Kingdom", "start_year": -2016, "end_year": -1700 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The soldiers of the Old and Middle Kingdom wore no armour. In the Old Kingdom they are usually depicted wearing only a belt and a small triangular loincloth, and by the Middle Kingdom their costume was invariably the same short linen kilt as that worn by civilian workmen. [...] From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers' only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame.\"§REF§(Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. <i>Egyptian Warfare and Weapons</i>. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF</a>.§REF§" }, { "id": 44, "polity": { "id": 511, "name": "eg_naqada_1", "long_name": "Naqada I", "start_year": -3800, "end_year": -3550 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Technology not yet available.<br>" }, { "id": 45, "polity": { "id": 512, "name": "eg_naqada_2", "long_name": "Naqada II", "start_year": -3550, "end_year": -3300 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers' only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame.\"§REF§(Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. <i>Egyptian Warfare and Weapons</i>. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF</a>.§REF§§REF§(Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. <i>Egyptian Warfare and Weapons</i>. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF</a>.§REF§" }, { "id": 46, "polity": { "id": 513, "name": "eg_naqada_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty 0", "start_year": -3300, "end_year": -3100 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers' only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame.\"§REF§(Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. <i>Egyptian Warfare and Weapons</i>. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF</a>.§REF§§REF§(Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. <i>Egyptian Warfare and Weapons</i>. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF</a>.§REF§" }, { "id": 47, "polity": { "id": 199, "name": "eg_new_k_2", "long_name": "Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period", "start_year": -1293, "end_year": -1070 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"the Egyptians had been using bronze armor since the Eighteenth dynasty, \"but it consisted of nothing more elaborate than metal scales sewn onto a leather base.\"§REF§(Fischer-Bovet 2014, 135-138) Fischer-Bovet (2014) Army and Society in Ptolemaic Egypt. Cambridge University Press§REF§ Bronze scale armor on short-sleeved, knee length shirt made out of linen or leather. §REF§(Gnirs 2001)§REF§ \"Body armour, in the form of small bronze plates riveted to linen or leather jerkins, was introduced by the early New Kingdom\".§REF§(Shaw 1991: 42) Shaw, Ian. 1991. <i>Egyptian Warfare and Weapons</i>. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF</a>.§REF§" }, { "id": 48, "polity": { "id": 198, "name": "eg_new_k_1", "long_name": "Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period", "start_year": -1550, "end_year": -1293 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"the Egyptians had been using bronze armor since the Eighteenth dynasty, \"but it consisted of nothing more elaborate than metal scales sewn onto a leather base.\"§REF§(Fischer-Bovet 2014, 135-138) Fischer-Bovet (2014) Army and Society in Ptolemaic Egypt. Cambridge University Press§REF§" }, { "id": 49, "polity": { "id": 516, "name": "eg_old_k_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom", "start_year": -2650, "end_year": -2350 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The soldiers of the Old and Middle Kingdom wore no armour. In the Old Kingdom they are usually depicted wearing only a belt and a small triangular loincloth, and by the Middle Kingdom their costume was invariably the same short linen kilt as that worn by civilian workmen. [...] From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers' only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame.\"§REF§(Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. <i>Egyptian Warfare and Weapons</i>. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF</a>.§REF§ Armour not worn during 3rd millennium BCE. §REF§(Spalinger 2013, 472)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 50, "polity": { "id": 517, "name": "eg_old_k_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Late Old Kingdom", "start_year": -2350, "end_year": -2150 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Plate_armor", "plate_armor": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The soldiers of the Old and Middle Kingdom wore no armour. In the Old Kingdom they are usually depicted wearing only a belt and a small triangular loincloth, and by the Middle Kingdom their costume was invariably the same short linen kilt as that worn by civilian workmen. [...] From the late Predynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian soldiers' only bodily protection (apart from the occasional use of a band of webbing across the shoulders and chest) was supplied by long, roughly rectangular shields made of cowhide stretched over a wooden frame.\"§REF§(Shaw 1991: 32) Shaw, Ian. 1991. <i>Egyptian Warfare and Weapons</i>. Princes Risborough: Shire. Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7J8H86XF</a>.§REF§ Armour not worn during 3rd millennium BCE. §REF§(Spalinger 2013, 472)§REF§" } ] }