Food Storage Site List
A viewset for viewing and editing Food Storage Sites.
GET /api/sc/food-storage-sites/?format=api&page=9
{ "count": 447, "next": null, "previous": "https://seshat-db.com/api/sc/food-storage-sites/?format=api&page=8", "results": [ { "id": 402, "polity": { "id": 226, "name": "ib_banu_ghaniya", "long_name": "Banu Ghaniya", "start_year": 1126, "end_year": 1227 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "Until it was lost in 1203 CE they had a military and commercial base in the Balaeric Islands.§REF§(Saidi 1997, 20) O Saidi. The Unification of the Maghrib under the Almohads. UNESCO. 1997. UNESCO General History of Africa, Vol. IV, Abridged Edition: Africa from the Twelfth to the Sixteenth Century. UNESCO. Paris.§REF§" }, { "id": 403, "polity": { "id": 308, "name": "bg_bulgaria_early", "long_name": "Bulgaria - Early", "start_year": 681, "end_year": 864 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "EMPTY_COMMENT", "description": null }, { "id": 404, "polity": { "id": 312, "name": "bg_bulgaria_medieval", "long_name": "Bulgaria - Middle", "start_year": 865, "end_year": 1018 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "EMPTY_COMMENT", "description": null }, { "id": 405, "polity": { "id": 399, "name": "in_chaulukya_dyn", "long_name": "Chaulukya Dynasty", "start_year": 941, "end_year": 1245 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "The Koshthika-karana \"was probably a department in charge of store houses or granaries\" and the Dravya-karana was the \"Department in charge of stores\". <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/KXBH3VEF\">[Majumdar 1956]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 406, "polity": { "id": 246, "name": "cn_chu_dyn_spring_autumn", "long_name": "Chu Kingdom - Spring and Autumn Period", "start_year": -740, "end_year": -489 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "\"The basic wealth of the Spring and Autumn states was thus in grain, and grain was stored by the state as a hedge against famine. On two occasions, grain was transferred between states for famine relief ... These interstate transactions show that states had considerable storage capacity, as well as substantial transport capacity, for food supplies.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/2Q5N2E3N\">[Brooks_Brooks 2015]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 407, "polity": { "id": 249, "name": "cn_chu_k_warring_states", "long_name": "Chu Kingdom - Warring States Period", "start_year": -488, "end_year": -223 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "Present in Spring and Autumn Period <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/2Q5N2E3N\">[Brooks_Brooks 2015]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 408, "polity": { "id": 299, "name": "ru_crimean_khanate", "long_name": "Crimean Khanate", "start_year": 1440, "end_year": 1783 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "\"Crimea provided Istanbul, Rumelia, and northern Anatolia with slaves, grain, salt, fish, meat, and lumber.\"§REF§(Davies 2007, 7) Brian L Davies. 2007. Warfare, State And Society On The Black Sea Steppe. Routledge. Abingdon.§REF§" }, { "id": 409, "polity": { "id": 774, "name": "mw_early_maravi", "long_name": "Early Maravi", "start_year": 1400, "end_year": 1499 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "\"The king apparently also kept large storehouses of grain which could be drawn upon in times of famine.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/A88E23E4\">[Schoeffeleers 1992]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 410, "polity": { "id": 273, "name": "uz_kangju", "long_name": "Kangju", "start_year": -150, "end_year": 350 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "\"They used grain graters and underground storage pits for grain.\"§REF§(Barisitz 2017, 37) Stephan Barisitz. 2017. Central Asia and the Silk Road: Economic Rise and Decline over Several Millennia. Springer International Publishing.§REF§" }, { "id": 411, "polity": { "id": 298, "name": "ru_kazan_khanate", "long_name": "Kazan Khanate", "start_year": 1438, "end_year": 1552 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "\"Kazan, the sizeable capital, which had a population of about 20,000, was the centre of the Volga trade, and was inhabited by Tatar merchants, craftsmen, clergymen and scholars. The literature, historiography and architecture of the Kazan Tatars formed an outpost of Islamic civilization on the eastern fringe of Europe.\"§REF§(Kappeler 2014, 25) Andreas Kappeler. Alfred Clayton trans. 2014. The Russian Empire: A Multi-ethnic History. Routledge. London.§REF§ Food storage: 1524 CE Russians besieged Kazan but the Russian army ran out of provisions before the hosts.§REF§(Shpakovsky and Nicolle 2013, 20) Viacheslav Shpakovsky. David Nicolle. 2013. Armies of the Volga Bulgars & Khanate of Kazan. 9th-16th Centuries. Osprey Publishing.§REF§" }, { "id": 412, "polity": { "id": 241, "name": "ao_kongo_2", "long_name": "Kingdom of Congo", "start_year": 1491, "end_year": 1568 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "EMPTY_COMMENT", "description": null }, { "id": 413, "polity": { "id": 290, "name": "ge_georgia_k_2", "long_name": "Kingdom of Georgia II", "start_year": 975, "end_year": 1243 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "King David established new towns e.g. Gori.§REF§(Suny 1994, 37) Ronald Grigor Suny. 1994. The Making of the Georgian Nation. Indiana University Press. Bloomington.§REF§ \"David and Dmitri [Dimitri I (1125-1154 CE)] had not only to rebuild the towns, villages, churches, roads, and bridges, but above all to repeople the desolate ruins.\"§REF§(Suny 1994, 37) Ronald Grigor Suny. 1994. The Making of the Georgian Nation. Indiana University Press. Bloomington.§REF§ The people practiced agriculture. \"The area under crops increased and the irrigation system was expanded. In Queen Tamar's reign two major irrigation projects, the Alazani and and Samgori canals, were dug. The progress of agriculture, in its turn, favoured the development of the...\"§REF§(Mesxia 1968, 19) Sota Mesxia. 1968. An Outline of Georgian History. Tbilisi University Press.§REF§" }, { "id": 414, "polity": { "id": 326, "name": "it_sicily_k_2", "long_name": "Kingdom of Sicily - Hohenstaufen and Angevin dynasties", "start_year": 1194, "end_year": 1281 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "Supplies to towns determined by state bureaucracy. §REF§(Abulafia 1988, 16)§REF§" }, { "id": 415, "polity": { "id": 355, "name": "iq_lakhmid_k", "long_name": "Lakhmid Kigdom", "start_year": 400, "end_year": 611 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "EMPTY_COMMENT", "description": null }, { "id": 416, "polity": { "id": 56, "name": "pa_cocle_3", "long_name": "Late Greater Coclé", "start_year": 1000, "end_year": 1515 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "Creamer and Haas note that Central Panamanian societies stored corn, 'at least at central places', and that 300 preserved deer were observed by Spanish chroniclers at Natá. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/QEWTS3ZB\">[Creamer_Haas 1985]</a> 'Storage of foodstuffs was described as sufficient to maintain the arriving Europeans for months'. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/QEWTS3ZB\">[Creamer_Haas 1985, p. 745]</a> Several rectangular structures seen by Gaspar de Espinosa in the early 16th century may have been built for the storage of grain or meat. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/QEWTS3ZB\">[Creamer_Haas 1985, p. 745]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 417, "polity": { "id": 257, "name": "cn_later_qin_dyn", "long_name": "Later Qin Kingdom", "start_year": 386, "end_year": 417 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "The preceding Early Jin had granaries. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/NUJQCRPA\">[Graff 2002]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 418, "polity": { "id": 256, "name": "cn_later_yan_dyn", "long_name": "Later Yan Kingdom", "start_year": 385, "end_year": 409 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "The preceding Early Jin had granaries. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/NUJQCRPA\">[Graff 2002]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 419, "polity": { "id": 212, "name": "sd_makuria_k_1", "long_name": "Makuria Kingdom I", "start_year": 568, "end_year": 618 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "EMPTY_COMMENT", "description": null }, { "id": 420, "polity": { "id": 215, "name": "sd_makuria_k_2", "long_name": "Makuria Kingdom II", "start_year": 619, "end_year": 849 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "\"In northern Nubia villages were surrounded by walls to protect the inhabitants from Arab raiders. Sometimes the villagers built up communal stores against siege.\"§REF§(Michalowski 1981, 336) K Michalowski. The Spreading of Christianity in Nubia. Muḥammad Jamal al-Din Mokhtar. ed. 1981. UNESCO General History of Africa. Volume II. Heinemann. UNESCO. California.§REF§" }, { "id": 421, "polity": { "id": 219, "name": "sd_makuria_k_3", "long_name": "Makuria Kingdom III", "start_year": 850, "end_year": 1099 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "\"In northern Nubia villages were surrounded by walls to protect the inhabitants from Arab raiders. Sometimes the villagers built up communal stores against siege.\"§REF§(Michalowski 1981, 336) K Michalowski. The Spreading of Christianity in Nubia. Muḥammad Jamal al-Din Mokhtar. ed. 1981. UNESCO General History of Africa. Volume II. Heinemann. UNESCO. California.§REF§" }, { "id": 422, "polity": { "id": 383, "name": "my_malacca_sultanate", "long_name": "Malacca Sultanate", "start_year": 1396, "end_year": 1511 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "unknown", "comment": "EMPTY_COMMENT", "description": null }, { "id": 423, "polity": { "id": 235, "name": "my_malacca_sultanate_22222", "long_name": "Malacca Sultanate", "start_year": 1270, "end_year": 1415 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "\"This Muslim territory was important because of its strategic position on the trade routes between the central highlands and the sea, especially the port of Zeila in present-day Somaliland.\"§REF§(Shinn and Ofcansky 2013, 225) David H Shinn. Thomas P Ofcansky. 2013. Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia. 2nd Edition. Scarecrow Press. Lanham.§REF§" }, { "id": 424, "polity": { "id": 776, "name": "mw_maravi_emp", "long_name": "Maravi Empire", "start_year": 1622, "end_year": 1870 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "\"The king apparently also kept large storehouses of grain which could be drawn upon in times of famine.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/A88E23E4\">[Schoeffeleers 1992]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 425, "polity": { "id": 209, "name": "ma_mauretania", "long_name": "Mauretania", "start_year": -125, "end_year": 44 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "In Numidia the independent kings developed \"a flourishing agriculture ... attested by her appearance in the second century B. C. as a seller of corn on the international market of Rhodes and Delos, as well as in Athens\"§REF§(Rostovtzeff 1926, 277) Michael Ivanovitch Rostovtzeff. 1926. The Social & Economic History of the Roman Empire. Biblo & Tannen Publishers.§REF§ and \"The same development took place later in the Mauretanian kingdom with its capital Ion, the Roman Caesarea.\"§REF§(Rostovtzeff 1926, 277) Michael Ivanovitch Rostovtzeff. 1926. The Social & Economic History of the Roman Empire. Biblo & Tannen Publishers.§REF§ \"Trade penetrated to the interior, to Lixos and eventually to Volubilis, no later than the end of the second century BC. although it is probable that there were Roman contacts with western Mauretania well before that time. The primary commodities were olives and fish products, which would become the major exports at the time of Juba II.\"§REF§(Roller 2003, 47) Duane W Roller. 2003. The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene: Royal Scholarship on Rome's African Frontier. Routledge. New York.§REF§ Somewhere to store surplus production." }, { "id": 426, "polity": { "id": 345, "name": "ir_median_emp", "long_name": "Median Persian Empire", "start_year": -715, "end_year": -550 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "Store houses found at Godin Tepe. §REF§Liveracki, M. 2014. The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. London: Routledge. p.557§REF§" }, { "id": 427, "polity": { "id": 530, "name": "mx_monte_alban_5_a", "long_name": "Monte Alban V Early Postclassic", "start_year": 900, "end_year": 1099 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "absent", "comment": "It is assumed that the lack of state-owned storage sites continued into the phases after the decline of the Zapotec state. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/E26ESQTK\">[Feinman_Nicholas 2012, p. 35]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/FC3HCW76\">[Blanton_et_al 1982, p. 5]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 428, "polity": { "id": 531, "name": "mx_monte_alban_5_b", "long_name": "Monte Alban V Late Postclassic", "start_year": 1101, "end_year": 1520 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "absent", "comment": "It is assumed that the lack of state-owned storage sites continued into the phases after the decline of the Zapotec state. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/E26ESQTK\">[Feinman_Nicholas 2012, p. 35]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/FC3HCW76\">[Blanton_et_al 1982, p. 5]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 429, "polity": { "id": 775, "name": "mw_northern_maravi_k", "long_name": "Northern Maravi Kingdom", "start_year": 1500, "end_year": 1621 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "\"The king apparently also kept large storehouses of grain which could be drawn upon in times of famine.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/A88E23E4\">[Schoeffeleers 1992]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 430, "polity": { "id": 206, "name": "dz_numidia", "long_name": "Numidia", "start_year": -220, "end_year": -46 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "Numidian grain was exported to Rome. \"When the resulting civil war in Numidia disrupted grain supplies to Rome, some Romans called for war. Rome wanted to restore order to make sure it had access to the Numidian grain.\"§REF§(Burgan 2005, 25) Michael Burgan. 2005. Empire of Ancient Rome. Facts On File, Inc. New York.§REF§ Italian merchant community at Cirta.§REF§(Mommsen 1863) Theodore Mommsen. William P Dickson trans. 2009 (1863). The History of Rome. Volume 3. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.§REF§" }, { "id": 431, "polity": { "id": 542, "name": "tr_ottoman_emp_4_copy", "long_name": "Yemen - Ottoman period", "start_year": 1873, "end_year": 1920 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "In the 20th century, the republican government(s) constructed grain storage facilities: 'This mountainous land was hard to govern. During much of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, government authority -and, for that matter, urban traders- found it difficult to centralize agricultural surplus. In 1884 the Ottomans, short of grain, looted the homes of rural people in the vicinity of San'a' and in 1904 Imam Yahya and his supporters raided the homes of San'anis for grain. And much later, in the early years of the Republican regime, the first priority of the central government was the building of adequate grain storage facilities. During the late 1960s, as often in the past, the threat of famine was a real one and government storehouses were drastically inadequate. This did not mean that cultivators were everywhere left with their surplus, but rather that relations of domination and tax collection were not centralized throughout much of the last two centuries. The farming out of taxes was as common as regular assessment by the central government. Effective coercive power often lay in the hands of rural landlords and leaders, especially the northern shaikhs.' §REF§Mundy, Martha 1995. \"Domestic Government: Kinship, Community and Polity in North Yemen\", 12§REF§ So far, the sources have been silent on potential storage facilities constructed by the Ottomans. Provisionally, we have assumed no communal storage facilities constructed for the benefit of the Yemeni population at that time." }, { "id": 432, "polity": { "id": 293, "name": "ua_russian_principate", "long_name": "Russian Principate", "start_year": 1133, "end_year": 1240 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "UND", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "uncoded", "comment": null, "description": "Storage facilities.§REF§(Feldbrugge 2017, 441) Ferdinand J M Feldbrugge. 2017. A History of Russian Law: From Ancient Times to the Council Code (Ulozhenie) of Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovich of 1649. BRILL. Leiden.§REF§ non-state context" }, { "id": 433, "polity": { "id": 237, "name": "ml_songhai_1", "long_name": "Songhai Empire", "start_year": 1376, "end_year": 1493 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "State farms \"were spread right across the empire, to supply the government and the garrisons, but the largest concentration was still to be found in the well-watered inland delta\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/DB9BAFGM\">[Oliver_Atmore 2001, p. 69]</a>", "description": null }, { "id": 434, "polity": { "id": 380, "name": "th_sukhotai", "long_name": "Sukhotai", "start_year": 1238, "end_year": 1419 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "Inscription refers to privately owned granaries that could be inherited.§REF§(Wicks 1992, 176) Robert S Wicks. Money, Markets, And Trade In Early Southeast Asia. The Development of Indigenous Monetary Systems To AD 1400. Cornell Southeast Asia Program Publications.§REF§ However, privately owned-granaries possessed by regional lords were subject to official prescriptions on use. \"One inscription, unfortunately somewhat fragmentary, repeats nearly the same stipulations regarding inheritance, adding the importance of maintaining store-houses filled with essential food items. Dated to the middle part of the [14th] century, it was directed to the ruler of Nagara Jum or possibly all the rulers along the Ping River. 'He must (keep) reserves of rice and an abundance of salt in his muang ... when commoners or men of rank (die) ... he must not seize their estates: when a father dies, (the estate) must be left (to the sons; when an elder brother dies, it must be left to) the younger. Any ruler who acts in accordance with these principles will rule this muang for a very long time...\"§REF§(Wicks 1992, 176) Robert S Wicks. Money, Markets, And Trade In Early Southeast Asia. The Development of Indigenous Monetary Systems To AD 1400. Cornell Southeast Asia Program Publications.§REF§" }, { "id": 435, "polity": { "id": 217, "name": "dz_tahert", "long_name": "Tahert", "start_year": 761, "end_year": 909 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "Tahert described as an 'entrepot' on the northern edge of the Sahara desert.§REF§(Iliffe 1995, 52) John Iliffe. 1995. Africans: The History of a Continent. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.§REF§" }, { "id": 436, "polity": { "id": 271, "name": "ua_skythian_k_3", "long_name": "Third Scythian Kingdom", "start_year": -429, "end_year": -225 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "The Greek city of Olbia, which was run directly by Scythian administrators.§REF§(Burstein 2010, 142) Stanley H Burstein. The Greek Cities of the Black Sea. Konrad H Kinzi. 2010. A Companion to the Classical Greek World. Wiley-Blackwell.§REF§ would have had food storage sites, especially for grain which was exported." }, { "id": 437, "polity": { "id": 230, "name": "dz_tlemcen", "long_name": "Tlemcen", "start_year": 1235, "end_year": 1554 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "EMPTY_COMMENT", "description": null }, { "id": 438, "polity": { "id": 240, "name": "ma_wattasid_dyn", "long_name": "Wattasid", "start_year": 1465, "end_year": 1554 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "EMPTY_COMMENT", "description": null }, { "id": 439, "polity": { "id": 248, "name": "cn_yue_dyn", "long_name": "Yue Kingdom", "start_year": -510, "end_year": -334 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "King Goujian (496-465 BCE) tried to increase the Yue Kingdom's power storing up food and wealth.§REF§(Hsu 1999, 564) Cho-yun Hsu. The Spring and Autumn Period. Michael Loewe. Edward L Shaughnessy. eds. 1999. The Cambridge History of Ancient China: From the Origins of Civilization to 221 B.C. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.§REF§" }, { "id": 440, "polity": { "id": 279, "name": "kz_yueban", "long_name": "Yueban", "start_year": 350, "end_year": 450 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": "The Yueban were part of northern Xiongnu, who inhabited in the upper Hi River during the fourth and fifth centuries.\"§REF§(Li and Hansen 2003, 63) Jian Li. Valerie Hansen. 2003. The glory of the silk road: art from ancient China. The Dayton Art Institute.§REF§ \"From limited references in the Beishi (Northern histories) and the Weishu (History of the Wei), we know that the Yueban had a well-developed kingdom, with a population of two hundred thousand that spanned thousands of kilometers, in the area north of Kucha.\"§REF§(Li and Hansen 2003, 63) Jian Li. Valerie Hansen. 2003. The glory of the silk road: art from ancient China. The Dayton Art Institute.§REF§" }, { "id": 441, "polity": { "id": 227, "name": "et_zagwe", "long_name": "Zagwe", "start_year": 1137, "end_year": 1269 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "unknown", "comment": "EMPTY_COMMENT", "description": null }, { "id": 442, "polity": { "id": 222, "name": "tn_zirid_dyn", "long_name": "Zirids", "start_year": 973, "end_year": 1148 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": null, "description": "Famines reported in North Africa 1004-1005 CE, 1018-1019 CE, 1022-1023 CE, 1033-1034 CE, 1040-1042 CE. \"Many North Africans migrated to Sicily, and the Zirids depleted their gold reserves importing grain from Sicily to feed those who remained.\"§REF§(O'Connell and Dursteler 2016, 50) Monique O'Connell. Eric R Dursteler. 2016. The Mediterranean World: From the Fall of Rome to the Rise of Napoleon. John Hopkins University Press. Baltimore.§REF§" }, { "id": 443, "polity": { "id": 586, "name": "gb_england_norman", "long_name": "Norman England", "start_year": 1066, "end_year": 1153 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "Each manor typically maintained granaries or barns to store surplus grain and other produce. <br>\r\nMonasteries and churches maintained large granaries to store tithes collected from the community <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/MXKV3EU2\">[webpage_Home | Domesday Book]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/JISXN2HM\">[Carpenter 2003]</a>", "description": "" }, { "id": 444, "polity": { "id": 798, "name": "de_east_francia", "long_name": "East Francia", "start_year": 842, "end_year": 919 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "Monasteries like Fulda and St. Gall managed significant agricultural estates and maintained food storage facilities for their communities and dependents. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/MPWQTI9N\">[Wickham 2010]</a>", "description": "" }, { "id": 445, "polity": { "id": 177, "name": "tr_ottoman_emp_4", "long_name": "Ottoman Empire IV", "start_year": 1839, "end_year": 1922 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "Large communal granaries were maintained in urban and rural areas to store grain for local populations and military campaigns. The granaries in Istanbul supported the city’s population by regulating the grain supply and preventing shortages. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/XDQQHDUM\">[Finkel 2005]</a>", "description": "" }, { "id": 446, "polity": { "id": 21, "name": "us_hawaii_k", "long_name": "Kingdom of Hawaii - Post-Kamehameha Period", "start_year": 1820, "end_year": 1898 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "present", "comment": "A chief had, among his houses, a hale papa‘a or storehouse. (The word papa‘a in this case should be hyphenated to pa-pa‘a, a solid enclosure.) Here were kept his extra mats, tapas, nets, dried fish and whatever else he might have. It was usually built up on posts to prevent dogs and pigs from getting in after the food. A very prosperous chief had several of these hale papa‘a, with stewards to watch over his property. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/2BEVGJD9\">[webpage_The Polynesian family system in...]</a>", "description": "" }, { "id": 447, "polity": { "id": 477, "name": "iq_ur_dyn_3", "long_name": "Ur - Dynasty III", "start_year": -2112, "end_year": -2004 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "UND", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "uncoded", "comment": "Unknown.", "description": null }, { "id": 448, "polity": { "id": 98, "name": "in_mughal_emp", "long_name": "Mughal Empire", "start_year": 1526, "end_year": 1858 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "UND", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Food_storage_site", "food_storage_site": "uncoded", "comment": "unknown. Food storage sites were used, but not for public benefit. Instead, mostly noble or upper caste people kept granaries for their personal use and political gains. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/VTQNZ97U\">[Washbrook 2007, p. 93]</a>", "description": null } ] }