Fiction List
A viewset for viewing and editing Fictions.
GET /api/sc/fictions/?format=api&page=6
{ "count": 499, "next": "https://seshat-db.com/api/sc/fictions/?format=api&page=7", "previous": "https://seshat-db.com/api/sc/fictions/?format=api&page=5", "results": [ { "id": 251, "polity": { "id": 78, "name": "pe_cuzco_2", "long_name": "Cuzco - Early Intermediate I", "start_year": 200, "end_year": 499 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"There was no true writing system in the Andes prior to the arrival of the Spanish, notwithstanding recent interpretations of the quipu (see Quilter and Urton 2002) and the tocapu pictograms.\" §REF§(Hiltunen and McEwan 2004, 236)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 252, "polity": { "id": 79, "name": "pe_cuzco_3", "long_name": "Cuzco - Early Intermediate II", "start_year": 500, "end_year": 649 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"There was no true writing system in the Andes prior to the arrival of the Spanish, notwithstanding recent interpretations of the quipu (see Quilter and Urton 2002) and the tocapu pictograms.\" §REF§(Hiltunen and McEwan 2004, 236)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 253, "polity": { "id": 81, "name": "pe_cuzco_5", "long_name": "Cuzco - Late Intermediate I", "start_year": 1000, "end_year": 1250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Writing was not developed until the arrival of the Spanish. \"There was no true writing system in the Andes prior to the arrival of the Spanish, notwithstanding recent interpretations of the quipu (see Quilter and Urton 2002) and the tocapu pictograms.\" §REF§(Hiltunen and McEwan 2004, 236)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 254, "polity": { "id": 82, "name": "pe_cuzco_6", "long_name": "Cuzco - Late Intermediate II", "start_year": 1250, "end_year": 1400 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"There was no true writing system in the Andes prior to the arrival of the Spanish, notwithstanding recent interpretations of the quipu (see Quilter and Urton 2002) and the tocapu pictograms.\" §REF§(Hiltunen and McEwan 2004, 236)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 255, "polity": { "id": 77, "name": "pe_cuzco_1", "long_name": "Cuzco - Late Formative", "start_year": -500, "end_year": 200 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"There was no true writing system in the Andes prior to the arrival of the Spanish., notwithstanding recent interpretations of the quipu (see Quilter and Urton 2002) and the tocapu pictograms.\" §REF§(Hiltunen and McEwan 2004, 236)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 256, "polity": { "id": 83, "name": "pe_inca_emp", "long_name": "Inca Empire", "start_year": 1375, "end_year": 1532 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 257, "polity": { "id": 80, "name": "pe_wari_emp", "long_name": "Wari Empire", "start_year": 650, "end_year": 999 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"There was no true writing system in the Andes prior to the arrival of the Spanish, notwithstanding recent interpretations of the quipu (see Quilter and Urton 2002) and the tocapu pictograms.\" §REF§(Hiltunen and McEwan 2004, 236)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 258, "polity": { "id": 445, "name": "pg_orokaiva_pre_colonial", "long_name": "Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial", "start_year": 1734, "end_year": 1883 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Written records were introduced by colonial authorities and missions.<br>" }, { "id": 259, "polity": { "id": 446, "name": "pg_orokaiva_colonial", "long_name": "Orokaiva - Colonial", "start_year": 1884, "end_year": 1942 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " SCCS variable 149 'Writing and Records' is coded as ‘1’ or ‘None’, not ‘Mnemonic devices’, or ‘Nonwritten records’, or 'True writing, no records', or ‘True writing; records’<br>" }, { "id": 260, "polity": { "id": 117, "name": "pk_kachi_enl", "long_name": "Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic", "start_year": -7500, "end_year": -5500 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Possehl states that there was no writing before the urban phase in the Indus valley. §REF§Gregory L. Possehl. The Indus Civilization. A Contemporary Perspective. Walnut Creek, Altamira, 2002, p. 51.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 261, "polity": { "id": 118, "name": "pk_kachi_lnl", "long_name": "Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic", "start_year": -5500, "end_year": -4000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Possehl states that there was no writing before the urban phase in the Indus valley. §REF§Gregory L. Possehl. The Indus Civilization. A Contemporary Perspective. Walnut Creek, Altamira, 2002, p. 51.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 262, "polity": { "id": 119, "name": "pk_kachi_ca", "long_name": "Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic", "start_year": -4000, "end_year": -3200 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Possehl states that there was no writing before the urban phase in the Indus valley. §REF§Gregory L. Possehl. The Indus Civilization. A Contemporary Perspective. Walnut Creek, Altamira, 2002, p. 51.§REF§ While seals have been found in Mehrgarh III layers, these show no evidence of script or writing.§REF§, C. A. (in press) Chapter 11, Case Study: Mehrgarh. In, Barker, G and Goucher, C (eds.) Cambridge World History, Volume 2: A World with Agriculture, 12,000 BCE - 500 CE. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 263, "polity": { "id": 126, "name": "pk_indo_greek_k", "long_name": "Indo-Greek Kingdom", "start_year": -180, "end_year": -10 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Given the scarce records of the Indo-Greeks no proof has been found to indicate indigenous literary works. §REF§Sherwin-White, Susan M. From Samarkhand to Sardis: a new approach to the Seleucid empire. Vol. 13. University of California Pr, 1993.§REF§ However, this was a literature society. The Bactrian Greek city of Ai Khanoum is much better preserved than the Indo-Greek capital Sirkup and may serve some indication of what was there. Ai Khanoum had an impressive administrative center, gymnasium, theater, and Greek statuary.§REF§Docherty, Paddy. \"The Khyber Pass: A History of Empire and Invasion: A History of Invasion and Empire. 2007.\" Publisher: Faber and Faber. pp. 64-65§REF§ The presence of a theatre would suggest specialist entertainers and writers.<br>" }, { "id": 264, "polity": { "id": 123, "name": "pk_kachi_post_urban", "long_name": "Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period", "start_year": -1800, "end_year": -1300 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The Indus civilization flourished for around five hundred to seven hundred years, and in the early second millennium it disintegrated. This collapse was marked by the disappearance of the features that had distinguished the Indus civilization from its predecessors: writing, city dwelling, some kind of central control, international trade, occupational specialization, and widely distributed standardized artifacts. [...] Writing was no longer used, though occasionally signs were scratched as graffiti on pottery.\" §REF§(McIntosh 2008, 91-92) Jane McIntosh. 2008. <i>The Ancient Indus Civilization</i>. Oxford; Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 265, "polity": { "id": 120, "name": "pk_kachi_pre_urban", "long_name": "Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period", "start_year": -3200, "end_year": -2500 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " Possehl states that there was no writing before the urban phase in the Indus valley. §REF§Gregory L. Possehl. The Indus Civilization. A Contemporary Perspective. Walnut Creek, Altamira, 2002, p. 51.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 266, "polity": { "id": 124, "name": "pk_kachi_proto_historic", "long_name": "Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period", "start_year": -1300, "end_year": -500 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 267, "polity": { "id": 133, "name": "pk_sind_abbasid_fatimid", "long_name": "Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period", "start_year": 854, "end_year": 1193 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Poetic genres of Doha, Geet, Guinan, Sith and Gabeto.§REF§Panhwar, M.H, An illustrated Historical Atlas of Soomra Kingdom of the Sindh p. 221§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 268, "polity": { "id": 136, "name": "pk_samma_dyn", "long_name": "Sind - Samma Dynasty", "start_year": 1335, "end_year": 1521 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Poetic genres of Doha, Geet, Guinan, Sith and Gabeto.§REF§Panhwar, M.H, An illustrated Historical Atlas of Soomra Kingdom of the Sindh p. 221§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 269, "polity": { "id": 121, "name": "pk_kachi_urban_1", "long_name": "Kachi Plain - Urban Period I", "start_year": -2500, "end_year": -2100 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " Only eight texts longer than fifteen signs have been found§REF§Burjor Avari. India: The Ancient Past. A history of the Indian sub-continent from c.7000 BC to AD 1200. Oxon, 2007, p.51§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 270, "polity": { "id": 122, "name": "pk_kachi_urban_2", "long_name": "Kachi Plain - Urban Period II", "start_year": -2100, "end_year": -1800 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " Only eight texts longer than fifteen signs have been found§REF§Burjor Avari. India: The Ancient Past. A history of the Indian sub-continent from c.7000 BC to AD 1200. Oxon, 2007, p.51§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 271, "polity": { "id": 194, "name": "ru_sakha_early", "long_name": "Sakha - Early", "start_year": 1400, "end_year": 1632 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 272, "polity": { "id": 195, "name": "ru_sakha_late", "long_name": "Sakha - Late", "start_year": 1632, "end_year": 1900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 273, "polity": { "id": 521, "name": "eg_kushite", "long_name": "Egypt - Kushite Period", "start_year": -747, "end_year": -656 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Present in Ramesside Egypt. There was a literate culture in Egypt: \"... Egypt's court culture, religion, script, literature, art, architecture ... \" §REF§(Taylor 2000, 351)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 274, "polity": { "id": 131, "name": "sy_umayyad_cal", "long_name": "Umayyad Caliphate", "start_year": 661, "end_year": 750 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Fables and Legends, Poetry and works of eroticism. A notable example being the Hadith love poetry and the works of Dhu 'l-Rummah §REF§(Beeston 1983, 387-421)§REF§ In Egypt the prefect Marwan appointed in 685 CE \"surrounded himself with poets.\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 17)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 275, "polity": { "id": 45, "name": "th_rattanakosin", "long_name": "Rattanakosin", "start_year": 1782, "end_year": 1873 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " \"A new popular literature, which flourished as the city began to prosper in the 1820s, reflected new values. Heroes included ordinary people, not just the princes and gods that dominated Ayutthayan works. They were not so constricted by birth and fate, but had the ability to make their own lives. Romantic love was portrayed as more personal, and less constrained by family, tradition, and status.\" §REF§(Baker and Phongpaichit 2009, p. 36)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 276, "polity": { "id": 462, "name": "tj_sarasm", "long_name": "Sarazm", "start_year": -3500, "end_year": -2000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": " \"The Achaemenids brought writing to Sogdiana, and the written language long remained the Aramaic of the Achaemenid Empire.\" §REF§(De la Vaissière 2005, 17)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 277, "polity": { "id": 221, "name": "tn_fatimid_cal", "long_name": "Fatimid Caliphate", "start_year": 909, "end_year": 1171 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Traditional lore. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 47)§REF§ Caliphs supported poets, writers and scholars but output lower compared to works from Syria, Iraq and Spain during this period. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 21)§REF§ \"Poets were employed by the state to fill the role of modern-day public relations agents.\"§REF§(Qutbuddin 2011, 39) Qutbuddin, Tahera. Fatimids. Ramsamy, Edward. ed. 2011. Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. Volume 2. Africa. Sage. Los Angeles.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 278, "polity": { "id": 160, "name": "tr_konya_eba", "long_name": "Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age", "start_year": -3000, "end_year": -2000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 279, "polity": { "id": 163, "name": "tr_konya_lba", "long_name": "Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II", "start_year": -1500, "end_year": -1400 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 280, "polity": { "id": 73, "name": "tr_byzantine_emp_1", "long_name": "Byzantine Empire I", "start_year": 632, "end_year": 866 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Preiser-Kapeller says present.§REF§(Johannes Preiser-Kapeller 2015) Institute for Medieval Research, Division of Byzantine Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences)§REF§ c6th century: \"The disappearance of the novel and the decline of the old Roman comedy were dictated by the taste of the people.\"§REF§(Haussig 1971, 125) Haussig, H W. trans Hussey, J M. 1971. History of Byzantine Civilization. Thames and Hudson.§REF§ Seventh century: George of Pisidia (Greek panegyric).§REF§(Haussig 1971, Chronological Table) Haussig, H W.trans Hussey, J M. 1971. History of Byzantine Civilization. Thames and Hudson.§REF§ Casia \"first Byzantine poetess (religious poetry, aphorisms, maxims, epigrams).§REF§(Haussig 1971, Chronological Table) Haussig, H W.trans Hussey, J M. 1971. History of Byzantine Civilization. Thames and Hudson.§REF§ The Bibliotheca (literary criticism) and dictionary.§REF§(Haussig 1971, Chronological Table) Haussig, H W.trans Hussey, J M. 1971. History of Byzantine Civilization. Thames and Hudson.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 281, "polity": { "id": 75, "name": "tr_byzantine_emp_2", "long_name": "Byzantine Empire II", "start_year": 867, "end_year": 1072 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Preiser-Kapeller says present.§REF§(Preiser-Kapeller 2015) Institute for Medieval Research, Division of Byzantine Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences)§REF§ Tenth century: \"Dictionary of the Suda. Works on imperial traditions. New hagiographical collection (Symeon Metaphrastes).\"§REF§(Haussig 1971, Chronological Table) Haussig, H W.trans Hussey, J M. 1971. History of Byzantine Civilization. Thames and Hudson.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 282, "polity": { "id": 76, "name": "tr_byzantine_emp_3", "long_name": "Byzantine Empire III", "start_year": 1073, "end_year": 1204 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Preiser-Kapeller says present.§REF§(Preiser-Kapeller 2015) Institute for Medieval Research, Division of Byzantine Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences)§REF§ Twelfth century: \"Theodore Prodromus, representative of Byzantine satirists. Composes in vernacular and in the literary language.\"§REF§(Haussig 1971, Chronological Table) Haussig, H W.trans Hussey, J M. 1971. History of Byzantine Civilization. Thames and Hudson.§REF§ Porikologos.§REF§(Haussig 1971, Chronological Table) Haussig, H W.trans Hussey, J M. 1971. History of Byzantine Civilization. Thames and Hudson.§REF§ 1204 CE \"First sagas of epic poetry in the vernacular: Digenis Akritas (first redaction of this epic), Bellhandros and Chrysantzas, Callimachus and Chrysorrhoe.\"§REF§(Haussig 1971, Chronological Table) Haussig, H W.trans Hussey, J M. 1971. History of Byzantine Civilization. Thames and Hudson.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 283, "polity": { "id": 170, "name": "tr_cappadocia_2", "long_name": "Late Cappadocia", "start_year": -330, "end_year": 16 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 284, "polity": { "id": 158, "name": "tr_konya_eca", "long_name": "Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic", "start_year": -6000, "end_year": -5500 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 285, "polity": { "id": 159, "name": "tr_konya_lca", "long_name": "Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic", "start_year": -5500, "end_year": -3000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 286, "polity": { "id": 72, "name": "tr_east_roman_emp", "long_name": "East Roman Empire", "start_year": 395, "end_year": 631 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 287, "polity": { "id": 164, "name": "tr_hatti_new_k", "long_name": "Hatti - New Kingdom", "start_year": -1400, "end_year": -1180 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": " \"Fragments of Hittite, Akkadian, and Hurrian versions of this epic have been found in Hattusa's archives.\" (epic = Epic of Gilgamesh).§REF§(Bryce 2002, 59)§REF§" }, { "id": 288, "polity": { "id": 162, "name": "tr_hatti_old_k", "long_name": "Hatti - Old Kingdom", "start_year": -1650, "end_year": -1500 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 289, "polity": { "id": 168, "name": "tr_lydia_k", "long_name": "Kingdom of Lydia", "start_year": -670, "end_year": -546 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Poetry. From the Aegean region, which includes Greek cities of Lydia on the coast of Western Asia Minor: \"By the 6th century BC, writing was widespread there and, thanks to the later reverence for Greek culture, huge amounts survive in transmission beyond that on archaeologically durable media. In addition to poetry, dedications, laws, mathematics and philosophy ... historians\"§REF§(Broodbank 2015, 536) Broodbank, Cyprian. 2015. The Making of the Middle Sea. Thames & Hudson. London.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 290, "polity": { "id": 169, "name": "tr_lysimachus_k", "long_name": "Lysimachus Kingdom", "start_year": -323, "end_year": -281 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Greek intellectual world.<br>" }, { "id": 291, "polity": { "id": 156, "name": "tr_konya_mnl", "long_name": "Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic", "start_year": -7000, "end_year": -6600 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 292, "polity": { "id": 155, "name": "tr_konya_enl", "long_name": "Konya Plain - Early Neolithic", "start_year": -9600, "end_year": -7000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 293, "polity": { "id": 157, "name": "tr_konya_lnl", "long_name": "Konya Plain - Late Neolithic", "start_year": -6600, "end_year": -6000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "absent", "comment": null, "description": "<br>" }, { "id": 294, "polity": { "id": 173, "name": "tr_ottoman_emirate", "long_name": "Ottoman Emirate", "start_year": 1299, "end_year": 1402 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Literate society: \"The first Ottoman college was established in Iznik in 1331, when scholars were invited from Iran and Egypt to augment Muslim instruction in the new territories.\"§REF§(Lapidus 2012, 440)§REF§ The Ottomans integrated the traditions of classical Arabic and Persian literature - but original own works start mostly in the later period.§REF§Personal communication. Johannes Preiser-Kapeller. 2016. Institute for Medieval Research. Division of Byzantine Research. Austrian Academy of Sciences.§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 295, "polity": { "id": 174, "name": "tr_ottoman_emp_1", "long_name": "Ottoman Empire I", "start_year": 1402, "end_year": 1517 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " 16th Century considered the Golden Age for Ottoman literature. §REF§(Agoston and Masters 2009, 338)§REF§ Poetry: Baki (d. 1600 CE). Panegyrist and satirist: Nef'i (d. 1636 CE).§REF§(Lapidus 2012, 445)§REF§ Efendi (d. 1644 CE).§REF§(Lapidus 2012, 445)§REF§" }, { "id": 296, "polity": { "id": 175, "name": "tr_ottoman_emp_2", "long_name": "Ottoman Empire II", "start_year": 1517, "end_year": 1683 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " 16th Century considered the Golden Age for Ottoman literature. §REF§(Agoston and Masters 2009, 338) Gabor Agoston and Bruce Masters. 2009. Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. New York: Facts On File, Inc.§REF§ Poetry: Baki (d. 1600 CE). Panegyrist and satirist: Nef'i (d. 1636 CE).§REF§(Lapidus 2012, 445)§REF§ Efendi (d. 1644 CE).§REF§(Lapidus 2012, 445)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 297, "polity": { "id": 176, "name": "tr_ottoman_emp_3", "long_name": "Ottoman Empire III", "start_year": 1683, "end_year": 1839 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "IFR", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " inferred continuity with earlier phases of this polity<br>" }, { "id": 298, "polity": { "id": 166, "name": "tr_phrygian_k", "long_name": "Phrygian Kingdom", "start_year": -900, "end_year": -695 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "SSP", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "unknown", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 299, "polity": { "id": 71, "name": "tr_roman_dominate", "long_name": "Roman Empire - Dominate", "start_year": 285, "end_year": 394 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " e.g. Ausonius (4th c CE)<br>" }, { "id": 300, "polity": { "id": 171, "name": "tr_rum_sultanate", "long_name": "Rum Sultanate", "start_year": 1077, "end_year": 1307 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Fiction", "fiction": "present", "comment": null, "description": " Epic poetry e.g. the <i>Battal-name</i> & the <i>Danismend-name</i>. §REF§Findley, Carter V., The Turks in World History (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), p.72.§REF§" } ] }