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"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
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"comment": "\"Allāh demands moral behavior from human beings, using reward (thawāb) and punishment (ʿiqāb) to encourage this behavior (Lange 2016; Nakissa 2020; Rustomji 2010).\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/A9X3RAQW\">[Nakissa_et_al 2024, p. 135]</a>",
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"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
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"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
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"comment": "\"Allāh demands moral behavior from human beings, using reward (thawāb) and punishment (ʿiqāb) to encourage this behavior (Lange 2016; Nakissa 2020; Rustomji 2010).\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/A9X3RAQW\">[Nakissa_et_al 2024, p. 135]</a>",
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"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
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"comment": "\"Allāh demands moral behavior from human beings, using reward (thawāb) and punishment (ʿiqāb) to encourage this behavior (Lange 2016; Nakissa 2020; Rustomji 2010).\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/A9X3RAQW\">[Nakissa_et_al 2024, p. 135]</a>",
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"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "\"Allāh demands moral behavior from human beings, using reward (thawāb) and punishment (ʿiqāb) to encourage this behavior (Lange 2016; Nakissa 2020; Rustomji 2010).\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/A9X3RAQW\">[Nakissa_et_al 2024, p. 135]</a>",
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"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "\"Allāh demands moral behavior from human beings, using reward (thawāb) and punishment (ʿiqāb) to encourage this behavior (Lange 2016; Nakissa 2020; Rustomji 2010).\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/A9X3RAQW\">[Nakissa_et_al 2024, p. 135]</a>",
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"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
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"comment": "\"Sacrifice of animals kept the gods happy, as well as the offerings given.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/9UA3R688\">[Altaweel_et_al 2025, p. 125]</a>",
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"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
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"comment": "\"Sacrifice of animals kept the gods happy, as well as the offerings given.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/9UA3R688\">[Altaweel_et_al 2025, p. 125]</a>",
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"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
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"comment": "\"Sacrifice of animals kept the gods happy, as well as the offerings given.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/9UA3R688\">[Altaweel_et_al 2025, p. 125]</a>",
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"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"Sacrifice of animals kept the gods happy, as well as the offerings given.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/9UA3R688\">[Altaweel_et_al 2025, p. 125]</a>",
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"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"Sacrifice of animals kept the gods happy, as well as the offerings given.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/9UA3R688\">[Altaweel_et_al 2025, p. 125]</a>",
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"id": 505,
"name": "ir_neo_elam_3",
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"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"Sacrifice of animals kept the gods happy, as well as the offerings given.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/9UA3R688\">[Altaweel_et_al 2025, p. 125]</a>",
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"id": 501,
"name": "ir_elam_7",
"long_name": "Elam - Shutrukid Period",
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"end_year": -1100
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"Sacrifice of animals kept the gods happy, as well as the offerings given.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/9UA3R688\">[Altaweel_et_al 2025, p. 125]</a>",
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},
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"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "“The Orokaiva interacted with demigods and ancestor spirits through ritual exchanges and an elaborate system of initiation (Iteanu 1990; Schwimmer 1973), and it may have been these reciprocal exchanges that formed the primary dimension of the ritual system. Indigenous explanations for misfortune in Melanesia typically invoke sorcery or offences against nonhuman agents, such as failure to perform appropriate rituals (Whitehouse 1996a). […] [T]he available evidence suggests that moralistic elements were present in the indigenous system, but broad-scope moralizing punishment by a supreme being, as a primary feature of the religious system, was introduced and then elaborated on in the colonial period.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/97J9GDE3\">[Brandl_et_al 2024, p. 305]</a>",
"description": ""
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"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "A~P",
"comment": "\"However, the moral concerns of the kami evolved too. By the late Heian period, they came to be seen as unwilling to respond to prayers contrary to morality and in some cases to punish those behaving immorally. A twelfth-century source gives as examples of these moral violations a lack of filial piety and a breach of the Daoist notion of nonresistance (Hardacre 2017: 126). While the latter is not necessarily an interpersonal transgression, it does represent an expansion of kami concern with human conduct beyond the earlier notions of pollution.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/KPNFBIVN\">[Stanford_et_al 2024, p. 238]</a>",
"description": ""
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"name": "jp_sengoku_jidai",
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},
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"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "\"From the fifteenth century, a belief spread that three kami in particular—known as Ise, Hachiman, and Kasuga—taught the virtues of sincerity, purity, and benevolence and they would provide protection to those who practiced these virtues, even if no prayers were offered (Masahide 1991: 393).\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/KPNFBIVN\">[Stanford_et_al 2024, p. 241]</a>",
"description": ""
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},
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"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "unknown",
"comment": null,
"description": ""
},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
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"comment": "\"Some aspects of Early Minoan burials, such as the inclusion of food offerings, model houses, and amulets in tombs, reflect Egyptian practices (Watrous 2021: 45–8). It is probable that these burial customs point to some form of afterlife belief, but they provide no clear evidence of moralizing supernatural punishment and reward (MSP).\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/DIRZ999P\">[Larson_et_al 2024, p. 19]</a>",
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"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "No known polytheistic religion of the pre-Christian era in Europe displays primary concern for interpersonal morality. We infer similar beliefs backwards as far back as the Bell Beaker period. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/DYW2LWKS\">[Johnston 2004]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WCMV3GFJ\">[Watts 2013]</a>",
"description": null
},
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"name": "fr_hallstatt_a_b1",
"long_name": "Hallstatt A-B1",
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"end_year": -900
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "No known polytheistic religion of the pre-Christian era in Europe displays primary concern for interpersonal morality. We infer similar beliefs backwards as far back as the Bell Beaker period. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/DYW2LWKS\">[Johnston 2004]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WCMV3GFJ\">[Watts 2013]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 231,
"polity": {
"id": 452,
"name": "fr_hallstatt_d",
"long_name": "Hallstatt D",
"start_year": -600,
"end_year": -475
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "No known polytheistic religion of the pre-Christian era in Europe displays primary concern for interpersonal morality. We infer similar beliefs backwards as far back as the Bell Beaker period. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/DYW2LWKS\">[Johnston 2004]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WCMV3GFJ\">[Watts 2013]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 232,
"polity": {
"id": 450,
"name": "fr_hallstatt_b2_3",
"long_name": "Hallstatt B2-3",
"start_year": -900,
"end_year": -700
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "No known polytheistic religion of the pre-Christian era in Europe displays primary concern for interpersonal morality. We infer similar beliefs backwards as far back as the Bell Beaker period. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/DYW2LWKS\">[Johnston 2004]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WCMV3GFJ\">[Watts 2013]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 233,
"polity": {
"id": 448,
"name": "fr_atlantic_complex",
"long_name": "Atlantic Complex",
"start_year": -2200,
"end_year": -1000
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "No known polytheistic religion of the pre-Christian era in Europe displays primary concern for interpersonal morality. We infer similar beliefs backwards as far back as the Bell Beaker period. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/DYW2LWKS\">[Johnston 2004]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WCMV3GFJ\">[Watts 2013]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
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"polity": {
"id": 451,
"name": "fr_hallstatt_c",
"long_name": "Hallstatt C",
"start_year": -700,
"end_year": -600
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "No known polytheistic religion of the pre-Christian era in Europe displays primary concern for interpersonal morality. We infer similar beliefs backwards as far back as the Bell Beaker period. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/DYW2LWKS\">[Johnston 2004]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WCMV3GFJ\">[Watts 2013]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
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"id": 453,
"name": "fr_la_tene_a_b1",
"long_name": "La Tene A-B1",
"start_year": -475,
"end_year": -325
},
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"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "No known polytheistic religion of the pre-Christian era in Europe displays primary concern for interpersonal morality. We infer similar beliefs backwards as far back as the Bell Beaker period. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/DYW2LWKS\">[Johnston 2004]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WCMV3GFJ\">[Watts 2013]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 236,
"polity": {
"id": 439,
"name": "mn_shiwei",
"long_name": "Shiwei",
"start_year": 600,
"end_year": 1000
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "The literature consulted does not include the concept of moralizing enforcement in descriptions or reconstructions of religious beliefs in this region at this time. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/823Z6QEK\">[Baldick 2012]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 237,
"polity": {
"id": 274,
"name": "mn_hunnu_late",
"long_name": "Late Xiongnu",
"start_year": -60,
"end_year": 100
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "The literature consulted does not include the concept of moralizing enforcement in descriptions or reconstructions of religious beliefs in this region at this time. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/823Z6QEK\">[Baldick 2012]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 238,
"polity": {
"id": 438,
"name": "mn_xianbei",
"long_name": "Xianbei Confederation",
"start_year": 100,
"end_year": 250
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "The literature consulted does not include the concept of moralizing enforcement in descriptions or reconstructions of religious beliefs in this region at this time. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/823Z6QEK\">[Baldick 2012]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 239,
"polity": {
"id": 437,
"name": "mn_hunnu_early",
"long_name": "Early Xiongnu",
"start_year": -1400,
"end_year": -300
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "The literature consulted does not include the concept of moralizing enforcement in descriptions or reconstructions of religious beliefs in this region at this time. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/823Z6QEK\">[Baldick 2012]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 240,
"polity": {
"id": 278,
"name": "mn_rouran_khaganate",
"long_name": "Rouran Khaganate",
"start_year": 300,
"end_year": 555
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "The literature consulted does not include the concept of moralizing enforcement in descriptions or reconstructions of religious beliefs in this region at this time. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/823Z6QEK\">[Baldick 2012]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 241,
"polity": {
"id": 272,
"name": "mn_hunnu_emp",
"long_name": "Xiongnu Imperial Confederation",
"start_year": -209,
"end_year": -60
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "The literature consulted does not include the concept of moralizing enforcement in descriptions or reconstructions of religious beliefs in this region at this time. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/823Z6QEK\">[Baldick 2012]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 244,
"polity": {
"id": 77,
"name": "pe_cuzco_1",
"long_name": "Cuzco - Late Formative",
"start_year": -500,
"end_year": 200
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"It is possible to associate large-scale offerings with major environmental disasters (e.g., ENSO-associated floods and landslides), and the ethnohistory describes such punishments as the result of a lack of reverence or care for metahuman beings. If anything, these probably would have been seen as a moral/sacred failing of the priestly elite—one coastal flood myth says that the people of the Lambayeque Valley bound their king and cast him into the sea to end their punishment. Inca sources suggest that regular gifts of food, drink, cloth, and other things that different waka’s desired would usually help maintain a good relationship—such offerings were proactive and performed at the group/community/political levels.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/ZM795PMD\">[bookSection_NO_TITLE_PROVIDED_IN_ZOTERO]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 245,
"polity": {
"id": 81,
"name": "pe_cuzco_5",
"long_name": "Cuzco - Late Intermediate I",
"start_year": 1000,
"end_year": 1250
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"It is possible to associate large-scale offerings with major environmental disasters (e.g., ENSO-associated floods and landslides), and the ethnohistory describes such punishments as the result of a lack of reverence or care for metahuman beings. If anything, these probably would have been seen as a moral/sacred failing of the priestly elite—one coastal flood myth says that the people of the Lambayeque Valley bound their king and cast him into the sea to end their punishment. Inca sources suggest that regular gifts of food, drink, cloth, and other things that different waka’s desired would usually help maintain a good relationship—such offerings were proactive and performed at the group/community/political levels.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/ZM795PMD\">[bookSection_NO_TITLE_PROVIDED_IN_ZOTERO]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 246,
"polity": {
"id": 78,
"name": "pe_cuzco_2",
"long_name": "Cuzco - Early Intermediate I",
"start_year": 200,
"end_year": 499
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"It is possible to associate large-scale offerings with major environmental disasters (e.g., ENSO-associated floods and landslides), and the ethnohistory describes such punishments as the result of a lack of reverence or care for metahuman beings. If anything, these probably would have been seen as a moral/sacred failing of the priestly elite—one coastal flood myth says that the people of the Lambayeque Valley bound their king and cast him into the sea to end their punishment. Inca sources suggest that regular gifts of food, drink, cloth, and other things that different waka’s desired would usually help maintain a good relationship—such offerings were proactive and performed at the group/community/political levels.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/ZM795PMD\">[bookSection_NO_TITLE_PROVIDED_IN_ZOTERO]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 247,
"polity": {
"id": 82,
"name": "pe_cuzco_6",
"long_name": "Cuzco - Late Intermediate II",
"start_year": 1250,
"end_year": 1400
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"It is possible to associate large-scale offerings with major environmental disasters (e.g., ENSO-associated floods and landslides), and the ethnohistory describes such punishments as the result of a lack of reverence or care for metahuman beings. If anything, these probably would have been seen as a moral/sacred failing of the priestly elite—one coastal flood myth says that the people of the Lambayeque Valley bound their king and cast him into the sea to end their punishment. Inca sources suggest that regular gifts of food, drink, cloth, and other things that different waka’s desired would usually help maintain a good relationship—such offerings were proactive and performed at the group/community/political levels.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/ZM795PMD\">[bookSection_NO_TITLE_PROVIDED_IN_ZOTERO]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 248,
"polity": {
"id": 83,
"name": "pe_inca_emp",
"long_name": "Inca Empire",
"start_year": 1375,
"end_year": 1532
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"It is possible to associate large-scale offerings with major environmental disasters (e.g., ENSO-associated floods and landslides), and the ethnohistory describes such punishments as the result of a lack of reverence or care for metahuman beings. If anything, these probably would have been seen as a moral/sacred failing of the priestly elite—one coastal flood myth says that the people of the Lambayeque Valley bound their king and cast him into the sea to end their punishment. Inca sources suggest that regular gifts of food, drink, cloth, and other things that different waka’s desired would usually help maintain a good relationship—such offerings were proactive and performed at the group/community/political levels.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/ZM795PMD\">[bookSection_NO_TITLE_PROVIDED_IN_ZOTERO]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 249,
"polity": {
"id": 80,
"name": "pe_wari_emp",
"long_name": "Wari Empire",
"start_year": 650,
"end_year": 999
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"It is possible to associate large-scale offerings with major environmental disasters (e.g., ENSO-associated floods and landslides), and the ethnohistory describes such punishments as the result of a lack of reverence or care for metahuman beings. If anything, these probably would have been seen as a moral/sacred failing of the priestly elite—one coastal flood myth says that the people of the Lambayeque Valley bound their king and cast him into the sea to end their punishment. Inca sources suggest that regular gifts of food, drink, cloth, and other things that different waka’s desired would usually help maintain a good relationship—such offerings were proactive and performed at the group/community/political levels.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/ZM795PMD\">[bookSection_NO_TITLE_PROVIDED_IN_ZOTERO]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 250,
"polity": {
"id": 79,
"name": "pe_cuzco_3",
"long_name": "Cuzco - Early Intermediate II",
"start_year": 500,
"end_year": 649
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"It is possible to associate large-scale offerings with major environmental disasters (e.g., ENSO-associated floods and landslides), and the ethnohistory describes such punishments as the result of a lack of reverence or care for metahuman beings. If anything, these probably would have been seen as a moral/sacred failing of the priestly elite—one coastal flood myth says that the people of the Lambayeque Valley bound their king and cast him into the sea to end their punishment. Inca sources suggest that regular gifts of food, drink, cloth, and other things that different waka’s desired would usually help maintain a good relationship—such offerings were proactive and performed at the group/community/political levels.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/ZM795PMD\">[bookSection_NO_TITLE_PROVIDED_IN_ZOTERO]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 251,
"polity": {
"id": 22,
"name": "us_woodland_1",
"long_name": "Cahokia - Early Woodland",
"start_year": -600,
"end_year": -150
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "We infer the absence of MSP beliefs in the Woodland and Emergent Mississippian periods, because of evidence for lack of MSP in later Mississippian religion. However, note there is little data on Woodland or Emergent Mississippian cosmology in general. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IPMSN86M\">[Peregrine 2017]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 252,
"polity": {
"id": 34,
"name": "us_emergent_mississippian_2",
"long_name": "Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II",
"start_year": 900,
"end_year": 1049
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "We infer the absence of MSP beliefs in the Woodland and Emergent Mississippian periods, because of evidence for lack of MSP in later Mississippian religion. However, note there is little data on Woodland or Emergent Mississippian cosmology in general. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IPMSN86M\">[Peregrine 2017]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 253,
"polity": {
"id": 27,
"name": "us_emergent_mississippian_1",
"long_name": "Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I",
"start_year": 750,
"end_year": 900
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "We infer the absence of MSP beliefs in the Woodland and Emergent Mississippian periods, because of evidence for lack of MSP in later Mississippian religion. However, note there is little data on Woodland or Emergent Mississippian cosmology in general. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IPMSN86M\">[Peregrine 2017]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 254,
"polity": {
"id": 25,
"name": "us_woodland_4",
"long_name": "Cahokia - Late Woodland II",
"start_year": 450,
"end_year": 600
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "We infer the absence of MSP beliefs in the Woodland and Emergent Mississippian periods, because of evidence for lack of MSP in later Mississippian religion. However, note there is little data on Woodland or Emergent Mississippian cosmology in general. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IPMSN86M\">[Peregrine 2017]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 255,
"polity": {
"id": 24,
"name": "us_woodland_3",
"long_name": "Cahokia - Late Woodland I",
"start_year": 300,
"end_year": 450
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "We infer the absence of MSP beliefs in the Woodland and Emergent Mississippian periods, because of evidence for lack of MSP in later Mississippian religion. However, note there is little data on Woodland or Emergent Mississippian cosmology in general. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IPMSN86M\">[Peregrine 2017]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 256,
"polity": {
"id": 23,
"name": "us_woodland_2",
"long_name": "Cahokia - Middle Woodland",
"start_year": -150,
"end_year": 300
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "We infer the absence of MSP beliefs in the Woodland and Emergent Mississippian periods, because of evidence for lack of MSP in later Mississippian religion. However, note there is little data on Woodland or Emergent Mississippian cosmology in general. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IPMSN86M\">[Peregrine 2017]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 257,
"polity": {
"id": 26,
"name": "us_woodland_5",
"long_name": "Cahokia - Late Woodland III",
"start_year": 600,
"end_year": 750
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_supernatural_concern_is_primary",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "We infer the absence of MSP beliefs in the Woodland and Emergent Mississippian periods, because of evidence for lack of MSP in later Mississippian religion. However, note there is little data on Woodland or Emergent Mississippian cosmology in general. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IPMSN86M\">[Peregrine 2017]</a>",
"description": null
}
]
}