Polity Alternative Name List
A viewset for viewing and editing Polity Alternative Names.
GET /api/general/polity-alternative-names/?format=api&page=4
{ "count": 1331, "next": "https://seshat-db.com/api/general/polity-alternative-names/?format=api&page=5", "previous": "https://seshat-db.com/api/general/polity-alternative-names/?format=api&page=3", "results": [ { "id": 152, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Mayna", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 153, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Chívari", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 154, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Chiwaro", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 155, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Gíbari", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 156, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Givari", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 157, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Gívaro", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 158, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Híbaro", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 159, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Jibaro", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 160, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Jívara", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 161, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Jívira", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 162, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Síwaro", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 163, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Xívari", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 164, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Xivaro", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 165, "polity": { "id": 197, "name": "ec_shuar_2", "long_name": "Shuar - Ecuadorian", "start_year": 1831, "end_year": 1931 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Zíbaro", "comment": null, "description": " The term \"Jivaro\" is frequently found in our sources to refer to a number of peoples in the Ecuador-Peru region, namely speakers of the Chicham and Shiwiar language groups including the Achuar, Awajun, and Wampis peoples. The term is, however, highly offensive to contemporary populations, as it was repurposed by many Spanish colonial writers to indicate a 'barbaric' or 'savage' nature. While much of the scholarship we rely on uses this term, out of respect, we use the word “Shuar” instead of \"Jivaro\", except for source titles and direct quotations." }, { "id": 166, "polity": { "id": 367, "name": "eg_ayyubid_sultanate", "long_name": "Ayyubid Sultanate", "start_year": 1171, "end_year": 1250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Ayyubid Sultanate", "comment": null, "description": " <i>Saladin's Empire ... could not be machine read. apostrophe removed.</i> \"sultanate of Egypt\" §REF§(Lapidus 2012, 246)§REF§ - not necessarily original name. Original name unknown?" }, { "id": 167, "polity": { "id": 367, "name": "eg_ayyubid_sultanate", "long_name": "Ayyubid Sultanate", "start_year": 1171, "end_year": 1250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Ayyubid Dynasty", "comment": null, "description": " <i>Saladin's Empire ... could not be machine read. apostrophe removed.</i> \"sultanate of Egypt\" §REF§(Lapidus 2012, 246)§REF§ - not necessarily original name. Original name unknown?" }, { "id": 168, "polity": { "id": 367, "name": "eg_ayyubid_sultanate", "long_name": "Ayyubid Sultanate", "start_year": 1171, "end_year": 1250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Saladins Empire", "comment": null, "description": " <i>Saladin's Empire ... could not be machine read. apostrophe removed.</i> \"sultanate of Egypt\" §REF§(Lapidus 2012, 246)§REF§ - not necessarily original name. Original name unknown?" }, { "id": 169, "polity": { "id": 367, "name": "eg_ayyubid_sultanate", "long_name": "Ayyubid Sultanate", "start_year": 1171, "end_year": 1250 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Sultanate of Egypt", "comment": null, "description": " <i>Saladin's Empire ... could not be machine read. apostrophe removed.</i> \"sultanate of Egypt\" §REF§(Lapidus 2012, 246)§REF§ - not necessarily original name. Original name unknown?" }, { "id": 170, "polity": { "id": 510, "name": "eg_badarian", "long_name": "Badarian", "start_year": -4400, "end_year": -3800 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Badari-Kultur", "comment": null, "description": " Badari-Kultur (German), Badari culture (French)" }, { "id": 171, "polity": { "id": 510, "name": "eg_badarian", "long_name": "Badarian", "start_year": -4400, "end_year": -3800 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Badari culture", "comment": null, "description": " Badari-Kultur (German), Badari culture (French)" }, { "id": 172, "polity": { "id": 514, "name": "eg_dynasty_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty I", "start_year": -3100, "end_year": -2900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Pre-dynastic Egypt", "comment": null, "description": " \"During the Terminal Predynastic (Nagada III or Protodynastic period) from 3300 to 3050 B.C.\" §REF§(Hassan 1988, 172)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 173, "polity": { "id": 514, "name": "eg_dynasty_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty I", "start_year": -3100, "end_year": -2900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Naqada IIIC", "comment": null, "description": " \"During the Terminal Predynastic (Nagada III or Protodynastic period) from 3300 to 3050 B.C.\" §REF§(Hassan 1988, 172)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 174, "polity": { "id": 514, "name": "eg_dynasty_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty I", "start_year": -3100, "end_year": -2900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Naqada III", "comment": null, "description": " \"During the Terminal Predynastic (Nagada III or Protodynastic period) from 3300 to 3050 B.C.\" §REF§(Hassan 1988, 172)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 175, "polity": { "id": 514, "name": "eg_dynasty_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty I", "start_year": -3100, "end_year": -2900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "IIIC", "comment": null, "description": " \"During the Terminal Predynastic (Nagada III or Protodynastic period) from 3300 to 3050 B.C.\" §REF§(Hassan 1988, 172)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 176, "polity": { "id": 514, "name": "eg_dynasty_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty I", "start_year": -3100, "end_year": -2900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Dynasty I", "comment": null, "description": " \"During the Terminal Predynastic (Nagada III or Protodynastic period) from 3300 to 3050 B.C.\" §REF§(Hassan 1988, 172)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 177, "polity": { "id": 514, "name": "eg_dynasty_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty I", "start_year": -3100, "end_year": -2900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Terminal Predynastic", "comment": null, "description": " \"During the Terminal Predynastic (Nagada III or Protodynastic period) from 3300 to 3050 B.C.\" §REF§(Hassan 1988, 172)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 178, "polity": { "id": 514, "name": "eg_dynasty_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty I", "start_year": -3100, "end_year": -2900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Protodynastic period", "comment": null, "description": " \"During the Terminal Predynastic (Nagada III or Protodynastic period) from 3300 to 3050 B.C.\" §REF§(Hassan 1988, 172)§REF§<br>" }, { "id": 179, "polity": { "id": 515, "name": "eg_dynasty_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty II", "start_year": -2900, "end_year": -2687 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Pre-dynastic Egypt", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 180, "polity": { "id": 515, "name": "eg_dynasty_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty II", "start_year": -2900, "end_year": -2687 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "2nd Dynasty", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 181, "polity": { "id": 515, "name": "eg_dynasty_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Dynasty II", "start_year": -2900, "end_year": -2687 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Dynasty II", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 182, "polity": { "id": 205, "name": "eg_inter_occupation", "long_name": "Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period", "start_year": -404, "end_year": -342 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Inter-Occupation Dynasties", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 183, "polity": { "id": 205, "name": "eg_inter_occupation", "long_name": "Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period", "start_year": -404, "end_year": -342 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "28th", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 184, "polity": { "id": 205, "name": "eg_inter_occupation", "long_name": "Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period", "start_year": -404, "end_year": -342 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "29th and 30th Dynasties", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 185, "polity": { "id": 232, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I", "start_year": 1260, "end_year": 1348 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Turkish Dynasty", "comment": null, "description": " Turkish Dynasty. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 114)§REF§ <i>Dawlat al-Atrak and/or Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> In contemporary sources \"Dawlat al-Atrak\": Empire of the Turks. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 41)§REF§ State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya." }, { "id": 186, "polity": { "id": 232, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I", "start_year": 1260, "end_year": 1348 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Mamluk Sultanate", "comment": null, "description": " Turkish Dynasty. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 114)§REF§ <i>Dawlat al-Atrak and/or Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> In contemporary sources \"Dawlat al-Atrak\": Empire of the Turks. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 41)§REF§ State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya." }, { "id": 187, "polity": { "id": 232, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I", "start_year": 1260, "end_year": 1348 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Bahri Dynasty", "comment": null, "description": " Turkish Dynasty. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 114)§REF§ <i>Dawlat al-Atrak and/or Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> In contemporary sources \"Dawlat al-Atrak\": Empire of the Turks. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 41)§REF§ State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya." }, { "id": 188, "polity": { "id": 232, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I", "start_year": 1260, "end_year": 1348 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Empire of the Turks", "comment": null, "description": " Turkish Dynasty. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 114)§REF§ <i>Dawlat al-Atrak and/or Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> In contemporary sources \"Dawlat al-Atrak\": Empire of the Turks. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 41)§REF§ State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya." }, { "id": 189, "polity": { "id": 232, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I", "start_year": 1260, "end_year": 1348 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Dawlat al Atrak", "comment": null, "description": " Turkish Dynasty. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 114)§REF§ <i>Dawlat al-Atrak and/or Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> In contemporary sources \"Dawlat al-Atrak\": Empire of the Turks. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 41)§REF§ State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya." }, { "id": 190, "polity": { "id": 232, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I", "start_year": 1260, "end_year": 1348 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "State of Turkey", "comment": null, "description": " Turkish Dynasty. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 114)§REF§ <i>Dawlat al-Atrak and/or Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> In contemporary sources \"Dawlat al-Atrak\": Empire of the Turks. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 41)§REF§ State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya." }, { "id": 191, "polity": { "id": 232, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_1", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I", "start_year": 1260, "end_year": 1348 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Dawla al Turkiyya", "comment": null, "description": " Turkish Dynasty. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 114)§REF§ <i>Dawlat al-Atrak and/or Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> In contemporary sources \"Dawlat al-Atrak\": Empire of the Turks. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 41)§REF§ State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya." }, { "id": 192, "polity": { "id": 239, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III", "start_year": 1412, "end_year": 1517 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Circassian Mamluks", "comment": null, "description": " <i>Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya\">EXTERNAL_INLINE_LINK: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya </a> \"The second dynasty took the dynastic name of Circassian Mamluks (also Burji Mamluks, from the word for castle) (1382-1517).\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 112)§REF§" }, { "id": 193, "polity": { "id": 239, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III", "start_year": 1412, "end_year": 1517 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Burji Mamluks", "comment": null, "description": " <i>Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya\">EXTERNAL_INLINE_LINK: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya </a> \"The second dynasty took the dynastic name of Circassian Mamluks (also Burji Mamluks, from the word for castle) (1382-1517).\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 112)§REF§" }, { "id": 194, "polity": { "id": 239, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III", "start_year": 1412, "end_year": 1517 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Mamluk Sultanate", "comment": null, "description": " <i>Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya\">EXTERNAL_INLINE_LINK: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya </a> \"The second dynasty took the dynastic name of Circassian Mamluks (also Burji Mamluks, from the word for castle) (1382-1517).\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 112)§REF§" }, { "id": 195, "polity": { "id": 239, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III", "start_year": 1412, "end_year": 1517 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Bahri Dynasty", "comment": null, "description": " <i>Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya\">EXTERNAL_INLINE_LINK: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya </a> \"The second dynasty took the dynastic name of Circassian Mamluks (also Burji Mamluks, from the word for castle) (1382-1517).\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 112)§REF§" }, { "id": 196, "polity": { "id": 239, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III", "start_year": 1412, "end_year": 1517 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "State of Turkey", "comment": null, "description": " <i>Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya\">EXTERNAL_INLINE_LINK: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya </a> \"The second dynasty took the dynastic name of Circassian Mamluks (also Burji Mamluks, from the word for castle) (1382-1517).\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 112)§REF§" }, { "id": 197, "polity": { "id": 239, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_3", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III", "start_year": 1412, "end_year": 1517 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Dawla al Turkiyya", "comment": null, "description": " <i>Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya\">EXTERNAL_INLINE_LINK: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya </a> \"The second dynasty took the dynastic name of Circassian Mamluks (also Burji Mamluks, from the word for castle) (1382-1517).\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 112)§REF§" }, { "id": 198, "polity": { "id": 236, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II", "start_year": 1348, "end_year": 1412 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Turkish Dynasty", "comment": null, "description": " Turkish Dynasty. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 114)§REF§ <i>Dawlat al-Atrak and/or Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> In contemporary sources \"Dawlat al-Atrak\": Empire of the Turks. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 41)§REF§ State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya. <i>Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya\">EXTERNAL_INLINE_LINK: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya </a> \"The second dynasty took the dynastic name of Circassian Mamluks (also Burji Mamluks, from the word for castle) (1382-1517).\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 112)§REF§" }, { "id": 199, "polity": { "id": 236, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II", "start_year": 1348, "end_year": 1412 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Mamluk Sultanate", "comment": null, "description": " Turkish Dynasty. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 114)§REF§ <i>Dawlat al-Atrak and/or Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> In contemporary sources \"Dawlat al-Atrak\": Empire of the Turks. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 41)§REF§ State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya. <i>Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya\">EXTERNAL_INLINE_LINK: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya </a> \"The second dynasty took the dynastic name of Circassian Mamluks (also Burji Mamluks, from the word for castle) (1382-1517).\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 112)§REF§" }, { "id": 200, "polity": { "id": 236, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II", "start_year": 1348, "end_year": 1412 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Bahri Dynasty", "comment": null, "description": " Turkish Dynasty. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 114)§REF§ <i>Dawlat al-Atrak and/or Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> In contemporary sources \"Dawlat al-Atrak\": Empire of the Turks. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 41)§REF§ State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya. <i>Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya\">EXTERNAL_INLINE_LINK: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya </a> \"The second dynasty took the dynastic name of Circassian Mamluks (also Burji Mamluks, from the word for castle) (1382-1517).\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 112)§REF§" }, { "id": 201, "polity": { "id": 236, "name": "eg_mamluk_sultanate_2", "long_name": "Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II", "start_year": 1348, "end_year": 1412 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_alternative_name", "alternative_name": "Empire of the Turks", "comment": null, "description": " Turkish Dynasty. §REF§(Raymond 2000, 114)§REF§ <i>Dawlat al-Atrak and/or Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> In contemporary sources \"Dawlat al-Atrak\": Empire of the Turks. §REF§(Oliver 1977, 41)§REF§ State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya. <i>Dawla_al-Turkiyya ... could not be machine read.</i> State of Turkey or Dawla_al-Turkiyya <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya\">EXTERNAL_INLINE_LINK: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawla_al-Turkiyya </a> \"The second dynasty took the dynastic name of Circassian Mamluks (also Burji Mamluks, from the word for castle) (1382-1517).\"§REF§(Raymond 2000, 112)§REF§" } ] }