Section: Social Complexity
Subsection: Bureaucracy characteristics

Merit Promotion

Talking about bureaucracy characteristics, merit promotion is coded present if there are regular, institutionalized procedures for promotion based on performance. when exceptional individuals are promoted to the top ranks, in the absence of institutionalized procedures, we code it under institution and equity variables  
Contributors: Jenny, Majid, Peter
Metadata:
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Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition
merit_promotion The absence or presence of merit promotion for a polity.
Actual Data:
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# Polity   Year(s)   Merit Promotion   Confidence     Disputed?     Expert?   Edit
1
Elam II
* Year Range of Elam II is assumed.
[-743, -647]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
2
Seljuk Sultanate
* Year Range of Seljuk Sultanate is assumed.
[1037, 1157]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
3
Papal States - Medieval Period II
* Year Range of Papal States - Medieval Period II is assumed.
[1648, 1809]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
4
Hallstatt D
* Year Range of Hallstatt D is assumed.
[-600, -475]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
5
Second Dynasty of Isin
* Year Range of Second Dynasty of Isin is assumed.
[-1153, -1027]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
6
Late Xiongnu
* Year Range of Late Xiongnu is assumed.
[-60, 100]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
7
Susiana - Late Ubaid
* Year Range of Susiana - Late Ubaid is assumed.
[-4700, -4300]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
8
Buhaya
* Year Range of Buhaya is assumed.
[-10000, 2000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
9
Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period is assumed.
[-404, -342]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
10
Cuzco - Early Intermediate I
* Year Range of Cuzco - Early Intermediate I is assumed.
[200, 499]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
11
Fipa
* Year Range of Fipa is assumed.
[1600, 1890]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
12
Gisaka
* Year Range of Gisaka is assumed.
[1700, 1867]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
13
Mubari
* Year Range of Mubari is assumed.
[-10000, 2000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
14
Early Angkor
* Year Range of Early Angkor is assumed.
[802, 1100]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
15
Ndorwa
* Year Range of Ndorwa is assumed.
[1700, 1800]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
16
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
* Year Range of Greco-Bactrian Kingdom is assumed.
[-256, -125]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
17
Badarian
* Year Range of Badarian is assumed.
[-4400, -3800]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
18
Durrani Empire
* Year Range of Durrani Empire is assumed.
[1747, 1826]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
19
Sasanid Empire I
* Year Range of Sasanid Empire I is assumed.
[205, 487]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
20
Classical Angkor
* Year Range of Classical Angkor is assumed.
[1100, 1220]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
21
Proto-French Kingdom
* Year Range of Proto-French Kingdom is assumed.
[987, 1150]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
22
Late Roman Republic
* Year Range of Late Roman Republic is assumed.
[-133, -31]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
23
Ostrogothic Kingdom
* Year Range of Ostrogothic Kingdom is assumed.
[489, 554]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
24
Exarchate of Ravenna
* Year Range of Exarchate of Ravenna is assumed.
[568, 751]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
25
Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Bronze Age is assumed.
[-3000, -2000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
26
Timurid Empire
* Year Range of Timurid Empire is assumed.
[1370, 1526]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
27
Sogdiana - City-States Period
* Year Range of Sogdiana - City-States Period is assumed.
[604, 711]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
28
Egypt - Dynasty I
* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty I is assumed.
[-3100, -2900]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
29
Northern Wei
* Year Range of Northern Wei is assumed.
[386, 534]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
30
Roman Empire - Principate
* Year Range of Roman Empire - Principate is assumed.
[-31, 284]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
31
Rattanakosin
* Year Range of Rattanakosin is assumed.
[1782, 1873]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
32
Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period is assumed.
[868, 969]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
33
Late Mongols
* Year Range of Late Mongols is assumed.
[1368, 1690]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
34
Late Shang
* Year Range of Late Shang is assumed.
[-1250, -1045]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
35
Naqada I
* Year Range of Naqada I is assumed.
[-3800, -3550]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
36
Xiongnu Imperial Confederation
* Year Range of Xiongnu Imperial Confederation is assumed.
[-209, -60]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
37
Oaxaca - Tierras Largas
* Year Range of Oaxaca - Tierras Largas is assumed.
[-1400, -1150]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
38
Early Xiongnu
* Year Range of Early Xiongnu is assumed.
[-1400, -300]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
39
French Kingdom - Early Bourbon
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Early Bourbon is assumed.
[1589, 1660]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
40
Hawaii II
* Year Range of Hawaii II is assumed.
[1200, 1580]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
41
Hawaii III
* Year Range of Hawaii III is assumed.
[1580, 1778]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
42
Kassite Babylonia
* Year Range of Kassite Babylonia is assumed.
[-1595, -1150]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
43
Khanate of Bukhara
1702 CE 1747 CE
absent
 Inferred No Edit
44
Rum Sultanate
* Year Range of Rum Sultanate is assumed.
[1077, 1307]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
45
Late Angkor
* Year Range of Late Angkor is assumed.
[1220, 1432]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
46
Nkore
* Year Range of Nkore is assumed.
[1450, 1749]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
47
Roman Empire - Dominate
* Year Range of Roman Empire - Dominate is assumed.
[285, 394]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
48
Hawaii I
* Year Range of Hawaii I is assumed.
[1000, 1200]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
49
Karagwe
* Year Range of Karagwe is assumed.
[1500, 1916]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
50
Toro
* Year Range of Toro is assumed.
[1830, 1896]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
51
Oaxaca - San Jose
* Year Range of Oaxaca - San Jose is assumed.
[-1150, -700]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
52
Buganda
* Year Range of Buganda is assumed.
[1700, 1894]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
53
Sokoto Caliphate
* Year Range of Sokoto Caliphate is assumed.
[1804, 1904]
absent
 Inferred Yes Edit
54
Bazi Dynasty
* Year Range of Bazi Dynasty is assumed.
[-1005, -986]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
55
Dynasty of E
* Year Range of Dynasty of E is assumed.
[-979, -732]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
56
Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar
* Year Range of Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar is assumed.
[-7000, -6000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
57
Bugesera
* Year Range of Bugesera is assumed.
[1700, 1799]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
58
Sakha - Late
* Year Range of Sakha - Late is assumed.
[1632, 1900]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
59
Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Ceramic Neolithic is assumed.
[-7000, -6600]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
60
Konya Plain - Early Neolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Neolithic is assumed.
[-9600, -7000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
61
Konya Plain - Late Neolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Neolithic is assumed.
[-6600, -6000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
62
Burundi
* Year Range of Burundi is assumed.
[1680, 1903]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
63
Middle and Late Nok
* Year Range of Middle and Late Nok is assumed.
[-900, 0]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
64
Elam - Crisis Period
* Year Range of Elam - Crisis Period is assumed.
[-1100, -900]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
65
Susiana A
* Year Range of Susiana A is assumed.
[-6000, -5700]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
66
Middle and Late Nok
* Year Range of Middle and Late Nok is assumed.
[-1500, -901]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
67
Susa I
* Year Range of Susa I is assumed.
[-4300, -3800]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
68
Early Modern Sierra Leone
* Year Range of Early Modern Sierra Leone is assumed.
[1650, 1896]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
69
Zungharian Empire
* Year Range of Zungharian Empire is assumed.
[1670, 1757]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
70
Papal States - Medieval Period I
* Year Range of Papal States - Medieval Period I is assumed.
[1527, 1648]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
71
Susiana B
* Year Range of Susiana B is assumed.
[-5700, -5100]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
72
Egypt - Dynasty II
* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty II is assumed.
[-2900, -2687]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
73
Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-6000, -5500]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
74
Buyid Confederation
* Year Range of Buyid Confederation is assumed.
[932, 1062]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
75
Egypt - Saite Period
570 BCE 525 BCE
absent
 Inferred No Edit
76
Susiana - Early Ubaid
* Year Range of Susiana - Early Ubaid is assumed.
[-5100, -4700]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
77
Ilkhanate
* Year Range of Ilkhanate is assumed.
[1256, 1339]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
78
Hephthalites
* Year Range of Hephthalites is assumed.
[408, 561]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
79
Formative Period
* Year Range of Formative Period is assumed.
[-7200, -7000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
80
Ak Koyunlu
* Year Range of Ak Koyunlu is assumed.
[1339, 1501]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
81
Neo-Assyrian Empire
* Year Range of Neo-Assyrian Empire is assumed.
[-911, -612]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
82
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
* Year Range of Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early is assumed.
[1566, 1713]
absent
 Confident No Edit
83
Cahokia - Late Woodland II
* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland II is assumed.
[450, 600]
absent
 Confident No Edit
84
Cahokia - Middle Woodland
* Year Range of Cahokia - Middle Woodland is assumed.
[-150, 300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
85
Cahokia - Late Woodland III
* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland III is assumed.
[600, 750]
absent
 Confident No Edit
86
Cahokia - Late Woodland I
* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland I is assumed.
[300, 450]
absent
 Confident No Edit
87
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I
* Year Range of Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I is assumed.
[750, 900]
absent
 Confident No Edit
88
Khmer Kingdom
* Year Range of Khmer Kingdom is assumed.
[1432, 1594]
absent
 Confident No Edit
89
Japan - Early Jomon
* Year Range of Japan - Early Jomon is assumed.
[-5300, -3500]
absent
 Confident No Edit
90
Japan - Late Jomon
* Year Range of Japan - Late Jomon is assumed.
[-2500, -1200]
absent
 Confident No Edit
91
Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period is assumed.
[-1720, -1567]
absent
 Confident No Edit
92
Chuuk - Early Truk
* Year Range of Chuuk - Early Truk is assumed.
[1775, 1886]
absent
 Confident No Edit
93
Maurya Empire
* Year Range of Maurya Empire is assumed.
[-324, -187]
absent
 Confident No Edit
94
Abbasid Caliphate I
* Year Range of Abbasid Caliphate I is assumed.
[750, 946]
absent
 Confident Yes Edit
95
Safavid Empire
* Year Range of Safavid Empire is assumed.
[1501, 1722]
absent
 Confident No Edit
96
Parthian Empire II
* Year Range of Parthian Empire II is assumed.
[41, 226]
absent
 Confident No Edit
97
Parthian Empire I
* Year Range of Parthian Empire I is assumed.
[-247, 40]
absent
 Confident No Edit
98
French Kingdom - Late Valois
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Valois is assumed.
[1450, 1589]
absent
 Confident No Edit
99
Eastern Han Empire
200 CE 220 CE
absent
 Confident No Edit
100
Kushan Empire
* Year Range of Kushan Empire is assumed.
[35, 319]
absent
 Confident No Edit
101
Tairona
* Year Range of Tairona is assumed.
[1050, 1524]
absent
 Confident No Edit
102
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I
* Year Range of Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I is assumed.
[1614, 1775]
absent
 Confident No Edit
103
Neolithic Crete
* Year Range of Neolithic Crete is assumed.
[-7000, -3000]
absent
 Confident No Edit
104
Prepalatial Crete
* Year Range of Prepalatial Crete is assumed.
[-3000, -1900]
absent
 Confident No Edit
105
Iban - Pre-Brooke
* Year Range of Iban - Pre-Brooke is assumed.
[1650, 1841]
absent
 Confident No Edit
106
Latium - Copper Age
* Year Range of Latium - Copper Age is assumed.
[-3600, -1800]
absent
 Confident No Edit
107
Ayyubid Sultanate
* Year Range of Ayyubid Sultanate is assumed.
[1171, 1250]
absent
 Confident No Edit
108
Proto-Carolingian
* Year Range of Proto-Carolingian is assumed.
[687, 751]
absent
 Confident No Edit
109
Middle Merovingian
* Year Range of Middle Merovingian is assumed.
[543, 687]
absent
 Confident No Edit
110
Late Garo
* Year Range of Late Garo is assumed.
[1867, 1956]
absent
 Confident No Edit
111
Isin-Larsa
* Year Range of Isin-Larsa is assumed.
[-2004, -1763]
absent
 Confident No Edit
112
Hmong - Early Chinese
* Year Range of Hmong - Early Chinese is assumed.
[1895, 1941]
absent
 Confident No Edit
113
Middle Roman Republic
* Year Range of Middle Roman Republic is assumed.
[-264, -133]
absent
 Confident No Edit
114
Ashikaga Shogunate
* Year Range of Ashikaga Shogunate is assumed.
[1336, 1467]
absent
 Confident No Edit
115
Japan - Incipient Jomon
* Year Range of Japan - Incipient Jomon is assumed.
[-13600, -9200]
absent
 Confident No Edit
116
Japan - Middle Jomon
* Year Range of Japan - Middle Jomon is assumed.
[-3500, -2500]
absent
 Confident No Edit
117
Latium - Bronze Age
* Year Range of Latium - Bronze Age is assumed.
[-1800, -900]
absent
 Confident No Edit
118
Japan - Final Jomon
* Year Range of Japan - Final Jomon is assumed.
[-1200, -300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
119
Chenla
* Year Range of Chenla is assumed.
[550, 825]
absent
 Confident No Edit
120
Funan I
* Year Range of Funan I is assumed.
[225, 540]
absent
 Confident No Edit
121
Funan II
* Year Range of Funan II is assumed.
[540, 640]
absent
 Confident No Edit
122
Early Monte Alban I
* Year Range of Early Monte Alban I is assumed.
[-500, -300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
123
Qajar
* Year Range of Qajar is assumed.
[1794, 1925]
absent
 Confident No Edit
124
Sasanid Empire II
* Year Range of Sasanid Empire II is assumed.
[488, 642]
absent
 Confident No Edit
125
Nkore
* Year Range of Nkore is assumed.
[1750, 1901]
absent
 Confident No Edit
126
Kingdom of Niynginya
* Year Range of Kingdom of Niynginya is assumed.
[1650, 1897]
absent
 Confident No Edit
127
Great Zimbabwe
* Year Range of Great Zimbabwe is assumed.
[1270, 1550]
absent
 Confident No Edit
128
Khanate of Bukhara
1599 CE 1702 CE
absent
 Confident No Edit
129
Samanid Empire
943 CE 999 CE
absent
 Confident No Edit
130
Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-4000, -3200]
absent
 Confident No Edit
131
Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic is assumed.
[-5500, -4000]
absent
 Confident No Edit
132
Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic is assumed.
[-7500, -5500]
absent
 Confident No Edit
133
Oaxaca - Rosario
* Year Range of Oaxaca - Rosario is assumed.
[-700, -500]
absent
 Confident No Edit
134
Epiclassic Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Epiclassic Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[650, 899]
absent
 Confident No Edit
135
Segou Kingdom
* Year Range of Segou Kingdom is assumed.
[1650, 1712]
absent
 Confident No Edit
136
Akan - Pre-Ashanti
* Year Range of Akan - Pre-Ashanti is assumed.
[1501, 1701]
absent
 Confident No Edit
137
Kansai - Yayoi Period
* Year Range of Kansai - Yayoi Period is assumed.
[-300, 250]
absent
 Confident No Edit
138
Warring States Japan
* Year Range of Warring States Japan is assumed.
[1467, 1568]
absent
 Confident No Edit
139
Cuzco - Late Intermediate II
* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Intermediate II is assumed.
[1250, 1400]
absent
 Confident No Edit
140
Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
* Year Range of Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial is assumed.
[1734, 1883]
absent
 Confident No Edit
141
Orokaiva - Colonial
* Year Range of Orokaiva - Colonial is assumed.
[1884, 1942]
absent
 Confident No Edit
142
Kamakura Shogunate
* Year Range of Kamakura Shogunate is assumed.
[1185, 1333]
absent
 Confident No Edit
143
Ayutthaya
* Year Range of Ayutthaya is assumed.
[1593, 1767]
absent
 Confident No Edit
144
Japan - Initial Jomon
* Year Range of Japan - Initial Jomon is assumed.
[-9200, -5300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
145
Neguanje
* Year Range of Neguanje is assumed.
[250, 1050]
absent
 Confident No Edit
146
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
* Year Range of Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late is assumed.
[1714, 1848]
absent
 Confident No Edit
147
Shuar - Colonial
* Year Range of Shuar - Colonial is assumed.
[1534, 1830]
absent
 Confident No Edit
148
Shuar - Ecuadorian
* Year Range of Shuar - Ecuadorian is assumed.
[1831, 1931]
absent
 Confident No Edit
149
Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity
* Year Range of Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity is assumed.
[395, 476]
absent
 Confident No Edit
150
Roman Kingdom
* Year Range of Roman Kingdom is assumed.
[-716, -509]
absent
 Confident No Edit
151
Early Roman Republic
* Year Range of Early Roman Republic is assumed.
[-509, -264]
absent
 Confident No Edit
152
Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial
* Year Range of Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial is assumed.
[1841, 1987]
absent
 Confident No Edit
153
Early Garo
* Year Range of Early Garo is assumed.
[1775, 1867]
absent
 Confident No Edit
154
Latium - Iron Age
* Year Range of Latium - Iron Age is assumed.
[-1000, -580]
absent
 Confident No Edit
155
Rashtrakuta Empire
* Year Range of Rashtrakuta Empire is assumed.
[753, 973]
absent
 Confident No Edit
156
Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period is assumed.
[-3200, -2500]
absent
 Confident No Edit
157
Sakha - Early
* Year Range of Sakha - Early is assumed.
[1400, 1632]
absent
 Confident No Edit
158
Kingdom of Norway II
* Year Range of Kingdom of Norway II is assumed.
[1262, 1396]
absent
 Confident No Edit
159
Cahokia - Early Woodland
* Year Range of Cahokia - Early Woodland is assumed.
[-600, -150]
absent
 Confident No Edit
160
Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom
* Year Range of Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom is assumed.
[-2650, -2350]
present
 Inferred No Edit
161
Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty
* Year Range of Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty is assumed.
[1454, 1517]
present
 Inferred No Edit
162
Delhi Sultanate
* Year Range of Delhi Sultanate is assumed.
[1206, 1526]
present
 Inferred No Edit
163
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Capetian is assumed.
[1150, 1328]
present
 Inferred No Edit
164
Western Zhou
* Year Range of Western Zhou is assumed.
[-1122, -771]
present
 Inferred No Edit
165
Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II is assumed.
[-1500, -1400]
present
 Inferred No Edit
166
Kara-Khanids
* Year Range of Kara-Khanids is assumed.
[950, 1212]
present
 Inferred No Edit
167
Republic of Venice III
* Year Range of Republic of Venice III is assumed.
[1204, 1563]
present
 Inferred No Edit
168
French Kingdom - Early Valois
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Early Valois is assumed.
[1328, 1450]
present
 Inferred No Edit
169
Sokoto Caliphate
* Year Range of Sokoto Caliphate is assumed.
[1804, 1904]
present
 Inferred Yes Edit
170
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
* Year Range of Egypt - Late Old Kingdom is assumed.
[-2350, -2150]
present
 Inferred No Edit
171
Egypt - Saite Period
664 BCE 571 BCE
present
 Inferred No Edit
172
Republic of Venice IV
* Year Range of Republic of Venice IV is assumed.
[1564, 1797]
present
 Inferred No Edit
173
Hausa bakwai
* Year Range of Hausa bakwai is assumed.
[900, 1808]
present
 Inferred No Edit
174
Mughal Empire
* Year Range of Mughal Empire is assumed.
[1526, 1858]
present
 Inferred No Edit
175
Khitan I
* Year Range of Khitan I is assumed.
[907, 1125]
present
 Inferred No Edit
176
Napoleonic France
* Year Range of Napoleonic France is assumed.
[1816, 1870]
present
 Inferred No Edit
177
Inca Empire
* Year Range of Inca Empire is assumed.
[1375, 1532]
present
 Inferred No Edit
178
Western Jin
* Year Range of Western Jin is assumed.
[265, 317]
present
 Inferred No Edit
179
Early Wei Dynasty
* Year Range of Early Wei Dynasty is assumed.
[-445, -225]
present
 Inferred No Edit
180
Ottoman Empire I
* Year Range of Ottoman Empire I is assumed.
[1402, 1517]
present
 Inferred No Edit
181
Achaemenid Empire
* Year Range of Achaemenid Empire is assumed.
[-550, -331]
present
 Confident No Edit
182
Jin Dynasty
* Year Range of Jin Dynasty is assumed.
[1115, 1234]
present
 Confident No Edit
183
Carolingian Empire II
* Year Range of Carolingian Empire II is assumed.
[840, 987]
present
 Confident No Edit
184
Early Qing
* Year Range of Early Qing is assumed.
[1644, 1796]
present
 Confident No Edit
185
Great Yuan
* Year Range of Great Yuan is assumed.
[1271, 1368]
present
 Confident No Edit
186
Late Qing
* Year Range of Late Qing is assumed.
[1796, 1912]
present
 Confident No Edit
187
Ptolemaic Kingdom I
* Year Range of Ptolemaic Kingdom I is assumed.
[-305, -217]
present
 Confident No Edit
188
Ptolemaic Kingdom II
* Year Range of Ptolemaic Kingdom II is assumed.
[-217, -30]
present
 Confident No Edit
189
Epiclassic Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Epiclassic Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[650, 899]
present
 Confident No Edit
190
Aztec Empire
* Year Range of Aztec Empire is assumed.
[1427, 1526]
present
 Confident No Edit
191
Hatti - Old Kingdom
* Year Range of Hatti - Old Kingdom is assumed.
[-1650, -1500]
present
 Confident No Edit
192
Ottoman Empire III
* Year Range of Ottoman Empire III is assumed.
[1683, 1839]
present
 Confident No Edit
193
Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period
* Year Range of Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period is assumed.
[1778, 1819]
present
 Confident No Edit
194
Hatti - New Kingdom
* Year Range of Hatti - New Kingdom is assumed.
[-1400, -1180]
present
 Confident No Edit
195
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III is assumed.
[1412, 1517]
present
 Confident No Edit
196
Byzantine Empire I
* Year Range of Byzantine Empire I is assumed.
[632, 866]
present
 Confident No Edit
197
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II
* Year Range of Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II is assumed.
[1649, 1918]
present
 Confident No Edit
198
British Empire I
* Year Range of British Empire I is assumed.
[1690, 1849]
present
 Confident No Edit
199
British Empire IIIIIIIIII
* Year Range of British Empire IIIIIIIIII is assumed.
[1850, 1968]
present
 Confident No Edit
200
Plantagenet England
* Year Range of Plantagenet England is assumed.
[1154, 1485]
present
 Confident No Edit
201
Us Reconstruction-Progressive
* Year Range of Us Reconstruction-Progressive is assumed.
[1866, 1933]
present
 Confident No Edit
202
Tudor and Early Stuart England
* Year Range of Tudor and Early Stuart England is assumed.
[1486, 1689]
present
 Confident No Edit
203
East Roman Empire
* Year Range of East Roman Empire is assumed.
[395, 631]
present
 Confident No Edit
204
Sui Dynasty
* Year Range of Sui Dynasty is assumed.
[581, 618]
present
 Confident No Edit
205
Tang Dynasty I
* Year Range of Tang Dynasty I is assumed.
[617, 763]
present
 Confident No Edit
206
Tang Dynasty II
* Year Range of Tang Dynasty II is assumed.
[763, 907]
present
 Confident No Edit
207
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II
* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II is assumed.
[1348, 1412]
present
 Confident No Edit
208
Abbasid Caliphate I
* Year Range of Abbasid Caliphate I is assumed.
[750, 946]
present
 Confident Yes Edit
209
Rome - Republic of St Peter II
* Year Range of Rome - Republic of St Peter II is assumed.
[904, 1198]
present
 Confident No Edit
210
Papal States - Renaissance Period
* Year Range of Papal States - Renaissance Period is assumed.
[1378, 1527]
present
 Confident No Edit
211
Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity
* Year Range of Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity is assumed.
[395, 476]
present
 Confident No Edit
212
Asuka
* Year Range of Asuka is assumed.
[538, 710]
present
 Confident No Edit
213
Heian
* Year Range of Heian is assumed.
[794, 1185]
present
 Confident No Edit
214
Nara Kingdom
* Year Range of Nara Kingdom is assumed.
[710, 794]
present
 Confident No Edit
215
Tokugawa Shogunate
* Year Range of Tokugawa Shogunate is assumed.
[1603, 1868]
present
 Confident No Edit
216
Fatimid Caliphate
* Year Range of Fatimid Caliphate is assumed.
[909, 1171]
present
 Confident No Edit
217
Great Ming
* Year Range of Great Ming is assumed.
[1368, 1644]
present
 Confident No Edit
218
Samanid Empire
819 CE 942 CE
present
 Confident No Edit
219
Umayyad Caliphate
* Year Range of Umayyad Caliphate is assumed.
[661, 750]
present
 Confident No Edit
220
Byzantine Empire II
* Year Range of Byzantine Empire II is assumed.
[867, 1072]
present
 Confident No Edit
221
Byzantine Empire III
* Year Range of Byzantine Empire III is assumed.
[1073, 1204]
present
 Confident No Edit
222
Rasulid Dynasty
* Year Range of Rasulid Dynasty is assumed.
[1229, 1453]
present
 Confident No Edit
223
Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́
* Year Range of Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́ is assumed.
[1601, 1835]
present
 Confident No Edit
224
Benin Empire
* Year Range of Benin Empire is assumed.
[1140, 1897]
present
 Confident No Edit
225
Spanish Empire I
* Year Range of Spanish Empire I is assumed.
[1516, 1715]
present
 Confident No Edit
226
Eastern Han Empire
25 CE 150 CE
present
 Confident No Edit
227
Spanish Empire II
1716 CE 1814 CE
present
 Confident No Edit
228
Jin
* Year Range of Jin is assumed.
[-780, -404]
present
 Confident No Edit
229
Northern Song
* Year Range of Northern Song is assumed.
[960, 1127]
present
 Confident No Edit
230
Western Han Empire
* Year Range of Western Han Empire is assumed.
[-202, 9]
present
 Confident No Edit
231
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I
* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I is assumed.
[1260, 1348]
present
 Confident No Edit
232
Ottoman Empire II
* Year Range of Ottoman Empire II is assumed.
[1517, 1683]
present
 Confident No Edit
233
Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II
1867 CE 1918 CE
present
 Confident No Edit
234
Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period is assumed.
[-1300, -500]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
235
Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Terminal Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-100, 99]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
236
La Tene A-B1
* Year Range of La Tene A-B1 is assumed.
[-475, -325]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
237
Early Formative Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Early Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-1200, -801]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
238
Ashanti Empire
* Year Range of Ashanti Empire is assumed.
[1701, 1895]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
239
Neo-Hittite Kingdoms
* Year Range of Neo-Hittite Kingdoms is assumed.
[-1180, -900]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
240
Xianbei Confederation
* Year Range of Xianbei Confederation is assumed.
[100, 250]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
241
Later Wagadu Empire
* Year Range of Later Wagadu Empire is assumed.
[1078, 1203]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
242
Uigur Khaganate
* Year Range of Uigur Khaganate is assumed.
[745, 840]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
243
Early Merovingian
* Year Range of Early Merovingian is assumed.
[481, 543]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
244
Monte Alban II
* Year Range of Monte Alban II is assumed.
[-100, 200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
245
Monte Alban III
* Year Range of Monte Alban III is assumed.
[200, 500]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
246
Second Turk Khaganate
* Year Range of Second Turk Khaganate is assumed.
[682, 744]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
247
Late Formative Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Late Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-400, -101]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
248
Middle Formative Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Middle Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-800, -401]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
249
Initial Formative Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Initial Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-2000, -1201]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
250
Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Middle Postclassic Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[1200, 1426]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
251
Rouran Khaganate
* Year Range of Rouran Khaganate is assumed.
[300, 555]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
252
Eastern Turk Khaganate
* Year Range of Eastern Turk Khaganate is assumed.
[583, 630]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
253
Toltecs
* Year Range of Toltecs is assumed.
[900, 1199]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
254
Hallstatt C
* Year Range of Hallstatt C is assumed.
[-700, -600]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
255
Egypt - Kushite Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Kushite Period is assumed.
[-747, -656]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
256
Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
* Year Range of Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty is assumed.
[1493, 1591]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
257
Mali Empire
* Year Range of Mali Empire is assumed.
[1230, 1410]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
258
Hallstatt B2-3
* Year Range of Hallstatt B2-3 is assumed.
[-900, -700]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
259
Jenne-jeno IV
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno IV is assumed.
[900, 1300]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
260
Hallstatt A-B1
* Year Range of Hallstatt A-B1 is assumed.
[-1000, -900]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
261
Beaker Culture
* Year Range of Beaker Culture is assumed.
[-3200, -2000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
262
Jenne-jeno III
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno III is assumed.
[400, 899]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
263
Jenne-jeno II
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno II is assumed.
[50, 399]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
264
Jenne-jeno I
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno I is assumed.
[-250, 49]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
265
Phoenician Empire
* Year Range of Phoenician Empire is assumed.
[-1200, -332]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
266
Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period is assumed.
[-1069, -747]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
267
Andronovo
* Year Range of Andronovo is assumed.
[-1800, -1200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
268
Egypt - Dynasty 0
* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty 0 is assumed.
[-3300, -3100]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
269
Naqada II
* Year Range of Naqada II is assumed.
[-3550, -3300]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
270
Western Turk Khaganate
* Year Range of Western Turk Khaganate is assumed.
[582, 630]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
271
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
* Year Range of Elam - Early Sukkalmah is assumed.
[-1900, -1701]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
272
Elam - Shimashki Period
* Year Range of Elam - Shimashki Period is assumed.
[-2028, -1940]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
273
Archaic Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Archaic Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-6000, -2001]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
274
Uruk
* Year Range of Uruk is assumed.
[-4000, -2900]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
275
Ubaid
* Year Range of Ubaid is assumed.
[-5500, -4201]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
276
Early Dynastic
* Year Range of Early Dynastic is assumed.
[-2900, -2500]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
277
Abbasid Caliphate II
* Year Range of Abbasid Caliphate II is assumed.
[1191, 1258]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
278
Satavahana Empire
* Year Range of Satavahana Empire is assumed.
[-100, 203]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
279
Monte Alban Late I
* Year Range of Monte Alban Late I is assumed.
[-300, -100]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
280
Deccan - Neolithic
* Year Range of Deccan - Neolithic is assumed.
[-2700, -1200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
281
Monte Alban IIIB and IV
* Year Range of Monte Alban IIIB and IV is assumed.
[500, 900]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
282
Deccan - Iron Age
* Year Range of Deccan - Iron Age is assumed.
[-1200, -300]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
283
Kaabu
* Year Range of Kaabu is assumed.
[1500, 1867]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
284
Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period
* Year Range of Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period is assumed.
[-1550, -1293]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
285
Canaan
* Year Range of Canaan is assumed.
[-2000, -1175]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
286
Majapahit Kingdom
* Year Range of Majapahit Kingdom is assumed.
[1292, 1518]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
287
Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty
* Year Range of Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty is assumed.
[1637, 1805]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
288
Himyar II
* Year Range of Himyar II is assumed.
[378, 525]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
289
Himyar I
* Year Range of Himyar I is assumed.
[270, 340]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
290
Koktepe II
* Year Range of Koktepe II is assumed.
[-750, -550]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
291
The Emirate of Crete
* Year Range of The Emirate of Crete is assumed.
[824, 961]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
292
La Tene C2-D
* Year Range of La Tene C2-D is assumed.
[-175, -27]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
293
Oyo
* Year Range of Oyo is assumed.
[1300, 1535]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
294
Egypt - Middle Kingdom
* Year Range of Egypt - Middle Kingdom is assumed.
[-2016, -1700]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
295
Carolingian Empire I
* Year Range of Carolingian Empire I is assumed.
[752, 840]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
296
Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period
* Year Range of Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period is assumed.
[-1293, -1070]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
297
Chagatai Khanate
* Year Range of Chagatai Khanate is assumed.
[1263, 1402]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
298
Phrygian Kingdom
* Year Range of Phrygian Kingdom is assumed.
[-900, -695]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
299
Lysimachus Kingdom
* Year Range of Lysimachus Kingdom is assumed.
[-323, -281]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
300
Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-5500, -3000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
301
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
* Year Range of Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia is assumed.
[-2000, -1700]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
302
Sarazm
* Year Range of Sarazm is assumed.
[-3500, -2000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
303
Cuzco - Late Formative
* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Formative is assumed.
[-500, 200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
304
Cuzco - Late Intermediate I
* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Intermediate I is assumed.
[1000, 1250]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
305
Cuzco - Early Intermediate II
* Year Range of Cuzco - Early Intermediate II is assumed.
[500, 649]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
306
Yangshao
* Year Range of Yangshao is assumed.
[-5000, -3000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
307
Tocharians
* Year Range of Tocharians is assumed.
[-129, 29]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
308
Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty
* Year Range of Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty is assumed.
[919, 1125]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
309
Saffarid Caliphate
* Year Range of Saffarid Caliphate is assumed.
[861, 1003]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
310
Golden Horde
* Year Range of Golden Horde is assumed.
[1240, 1440]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
311
Hohokam Culture
* Year Range of Hohokam Culture is assumed.
[300, 1500]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
312
Koktepe I
* Year Range of Koktepe I is assumed.
[-1400, -1000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
313
Khwarezmid Empire
* Year Range of Khwarezmid Empire is assumed.
[1157, 1231]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
314
Lombard Kingdom
* Year Range of Lombard Kingdom is assumed.
[568, 774]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
315
Atlantic Complex
* Year Range of Atlantic Complex is assumed.
[-2200, -1000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
316
La Tene B2-C1
* Year Range of La Tene B2-C1 is assumed.
[-325, -175]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
317
Kadamba Empire
* Year Range of Kadamba Empire is assumed.
[345, 550]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
318
Yisrael
* Year Range of Yisrael is assumed.
[-1030, -722]
unknown
 Confident No Edit
319
Eastern Han Empire
151 CE 199 CE
unknown
 Confident No Edit