Objects

888 CE 904 CE in Tang Dynasty II: Zhaozong of Tang (Li Jie, Li Min, Chao Tsung) Ai of Tang (Zhaoxuan of Tang, Li Zuo, Li Chu, Ai Ti) OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

1848 CE 1852 CE in Bito Dynasty: Olimi IV Rwakabale Kyabambe IV Kamurasi OV PA IE MR PU SR EV

1840 CE 1861 CE in Brandenburg-Prussia: Frederick William IV William I OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

1578 CE in Republic of Venice IV: Sebastiano Venier Nicolò da Ponte OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

1336 CE 1338 CE in Ilkhanate: Muhammad Sati Beg OV PA IE MR PU SR EV EF

and 3136 more... coded for 244 Polities

Crisis Consequences

Crisis periods are defined as periods of turmoil within a polity duration. We measure this turmoil by:

tracking known destabilizing events such as major revolts, civil violence, and institutional reform; and

following established scholarship which identifies such crisis periods

169

cases

absent present inferred absent inferred present suspected unknown unknown are coded for:

PD Population Decline

PC Population Collapse

EP Epidemic

DM Elite Downward Mobility

EX Elite Extermination

UP Uprising

RV Revolution

SR Successful Revolution

CW Civil War

C+ Lasted a Century +

FR Fragmentation

CL Capital Loss

EC External Conquest

RA Ruler Assassination

RD Ruler Depose

CC Constitution Change

LC Labor Change

UL Unfree Labor Change

SF Suffrage

PG Public Goods Change

RC Religion Change

1140 CE 1190 CE in Seljuk Sultanate: Decline of Seljuq Empire: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

1523 CE in Delhi Sultanate: Fragmentation of Delhi Sultanate in fifteenth century, conquest by Mughal emperors in 1522. : PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

1516 CE 1517 CE in Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III: Fall of the Burji dynasty: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

306 CE 324 CE in Roman Empire - Dominate: Civil Wars of Tetrarchy: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

1899 CE 1914 CE in Chuuk - Late Truk: European Proxy Conflicts: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

1359 CE 1381 CE in Golden Horde: Great Troubles: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

450 BCE 250 BCE in Classical Crete: Elite Infighting & Polity Wars: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

20 BCE 6 CE in Armenian Kingdom: Civil War and collapse: PD PC EP DM EX UP RV CW C+ FR CL EC RA RD CC LC UL SF PG RC

and 161 more... coded for 153 Polities

🇺🇸 US Political Violence Database

✓ coded for Date, Type, Subtype(s), Location(s), Fatalities, etc

1903

cases

Nov. 1, 1882 riot (extralegal) in Kentucky (KY), Ashland: 6 were killed. Source(s): Hartford Daily Courant Or The Hartford Courant

April 1, 1968 riot (race) in Minnesota (MN), Minneapolis: 1 was killed. Source(s): Hartford Daily Courant Or The Hartford Courant

Jan. 1, 1892 lynching (race) in Mississippi (MS), Hinds: 5 were killed. Source(s): Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

Oct. 1, 2012 terrorism (work) in Minnesota (MN), Minneapolis: 5 were killed. Source(s): Los Angeles Times

Oct. 2, 2006 terrorism (education) in Pennsylvania (PA), Lancaster: 5 were killed. Source(s): MKADB: (Mass Killings in America 2006 - present) Data from the AP-USA

Sept. 1, 1934 riot (labor) in Rhode Island (RI), Saylesville: 1 was killed. Source(s): Hartford Daily Courant Or The Hartford Courant

Aug. 1, 1908 lynching (race) in Kentucky (KY), Russellville: 4 were killed. Source(s): Paul A. Gilje, Riots In The United States

March 1, 1910 riot (race) in Florida (FL), Tampa: 2 were killed. Source(s): Hartford Daily Courant Or The Hartford Courant

and 1895 more...

Welcome to

Seshat: Global History Databank

✓ the most current and comprehensive body of knowledge about human history

✓ collects what is currently known about the social and political organization of human societies over time

✓ offers the means to study the past through well-established scientific techniques

✓ founded in 2011 and thriving ever since

Objects

47

Seshat Regions

838

Polities

Seshat

General Variables

in categories: Identity and Location, Temporal Bounds, Language, Religion, Supra-cultural relations

Social Complexity Variables

in categories: Social Scale, Hierarchical Complexity, Professions, Bureaucracy Characteristics, Law, Specialized Buildings: polity owned, Transport Infrastructure, Special-purpose Sites, Information

Warfare Variables

in categories: Fortifications, Military use of Metals, Projectiles, Handheld weapons, Animals used in warfare, Armor, Naval technology

Human Sacrifice

The deliberate and ritualized killing of a person to please or placate supernatural entities (including gods, spirits, and ancestors) or gain other supernatural benefits.

CrisisDB

Power Transitions

absent present inferred absent inferred present suspected unknown unknown are coded for:

Crisis Consequences

Crisis periods are defined as periods of turmoil within a polity duration. We measure this turmoil by:

tracking known destabilizing events such as major revolts, civil violence, and institutional reform; and

following established scholarship which identifies such crisis periods

absent present inferred absent inferred present suspected unknown unknown are coded for:

🇺🇸 US Political Violence Database

✓ coded for Date, Type, Subtype(s), Location(s), Fatalities, etc

Welcome to

Seshat: Global History Databank

✓ the most current and comprehensive body of knowledge about human history

✓ collects what is currently known about the social and political organization of human societies over time

✓ offers the means to study the past through well-established scientific techniques

✓ founded in 2011 and thriving ever since

Objects

Seshat

in categories: Identity and Location, Temporal Bounds, Language, Religion, Supra-cultural relations

in categories: Social Scale, Hierarchical Complexity, Professions, Bureaucracy Characteristics, Law, Specialized Buildings: polity owned, Transport Infrastructure, Special-purpose Sites, Information

in categories: Fortifications, Military use of Metals, Projectiles, Handheld weapons, Animals used in warfare, Armor, Naval technology

The deliberate and ritualized killing of a person to please or placate supernatural entities (including gods, spirits, and ancestors) or gain other supernatural benefits.

CrisisDB

absent present inferred absent inferred present suspected unknown unknown are coded for:

Crisis periods are defined as periods of turmoil within a polity duration. We measure this turmoil by: tracking known destabilizing events such as major revolts, civil violence, and institutional reform; and following established scholarship which identifies such crisis periods

absent present inferred absent inferred present suspected unknown unknown are coded for:

✓ coded for Date, Type, Subtype(s), Location(s), Fatalities, etc

Crisis periods are defined as periods of turmoil within a polity duration. We measure this turmoil by:

tracking known destabilizing events such as major revolts, civil violence, and institutional reform; and

following established scholarship which identifies such crisis periods