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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
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"comment": "Illness was often thought to be punishment sent from an offended ‘aumakua. Breaking the food kapus (taboos), bathing in pools that were kapu, violating the kapus of the menstrual period—all could bring reprimands, in the form of physical discomfort. So could behavior that impaired interpersonal relationships—greed, dishonesty, theft. Often these were “diagnostic clues.” A swollen hand pained a thief until he made restitution. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/TNICV9KB\">[Pukui_Haertig_Lee 1972, p. 38]</a>",
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
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"comment": "“Illness was often thought to be punishment sent from an offended ‘aumakua. Breaking the food kapus (taboos), bathing in pools that were kapu, violating the kapus of the menstrual period—all could bring reprimands, in the form of physical discomfort. So could behavior that impaired interpersonal relationships—greed, dishonesty, theft. Often these were “diagnostic clues.” A swollen hand pained a thief until he made restitution.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/TNICV9KB\">[Pukui_Haertig_Lee 1972, p. 38]</a>",
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
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"comment": "“[T]he most important ancestral deities, the ‘aumakua, had been transformed by late precontact times into enforcers of “moral law” (Valeri 1985: 24). They were concerned not only with being nourished by offerings but also with their descendants’ adherence to a broader system of norms, which included both ritual and ethical obligations—a distinction between the two was not emic for the Hawaiians. […] What we can say is that Hawaiian religion of the earliest periods represented an intermediate stage between the concepts, deities, and rites inherited from central-eastern Polynesia and the more intricate and formalized system in place by the late eighteenth century.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/9MDFMQ73\">[Cioni_et_al 2025, p. 274]</a>",
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"name": "us_hawaii_1",
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
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"comment": "“[T]he most important ancestral deities, the ‘aumakua, had been transformed by late precontact times into enforcers of “moral law” (Valeri 1985: 24). They were concerned not only with being nourished by offerings but also with their descendants’ adherence to a broader system of norms, which included both ritual and ethical obligations—a distinction between the two was not emic for the Hawaiians. […] What we can say is that Hawaiian religion of the earliest periods represented an intermediate stage between the concepts, deities, and rites inherited from central-eastern Polynesia and the more intricate and formalized system in place by the late eighteenth century.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/9MDFMQ73\">[Cioni_et_al 2025, p. 274]</a>",
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"polity": {
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"name": "us_hawaii_k",
"long_name": "Kingdom of Hawaii - Post-Kamehameha Period",
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"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "Transition from traditional Hawaiian beliefs to Christianity, both of which feature moralizing supernatural enforcement. “Illness was often thought to be punishment sent from an offended ‘aumakua. Breaking the food kapus (taboos), bathing in pools that were kapu, violating the kapus of the menstrual period—all could bring reprimands, in the form of physical discomfort. So could behavior that impaired interpersonal relationships—greed, dishonesty, theft. Often these were “diagnostic clues.” A swollen hand pained a thief until he made restitution.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/TNICV9KB\">[Pukui_Haertig_Lee 1972, p. 38]</a>",
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"name": "ye_sabaean_commonwealth",
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"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "Only a single known inscription (MB 2002 I-28) describes an instance of divine punishment that may be interpreted as moralistic (the transgression had been selling food to neighbouring communities during bad harvest years, and selling enslaved people from one’s own community to other communities), suggesting that this was thought to be a rare event. In this instance, the people of Marib were believed to have been punished for enslaving their own kin and selling them to foreigners. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/F54SC2DB\">[Multhoff_et_al 2008]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IR3ESBXZ\">[Maraqten 2006]</a>",
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"year_to": null,
"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "Only a single known inscription (MB 2002 I-28) describes an instance of divine punishment that may be interpreted as moralistic (the transgression had been selling food to neighbouring communities during bad harvest years, and selling enslaved people from one’s own community to other communities), suggesting that this was thought to be a rare event. In this instance, the people of Marib were believed to have been punished for enslaving their own kin and selling them to foreigners. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/F54SC2DB\">[Multhoff_et_al 2008]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IR3ESBXZ\">[Maraqten 2006]</a>",
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"long_name": "Kingdom of Saba and Dhu Raydan",
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"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "Only a single known inscription (MB 2002 I-28) describes an instance of divine punishment that may be interpreted as moralistic (the transgression had been selling food to neighbouring communities during bad harvest years, and selling enslaved people from one’s own community to other communities), suggesting that this was thought to be a rare event. In this instance, the people of Marib were believed to have been punished for enslaving their own kin and selling them to foreigners. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/F54SC2DB\">[Multhoff_et_al 2008]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IR3ESBXZ\">[Maraqten 2006]</a>",
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"tag": "IFR",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "Only a single known inscription (MB 2002 I-28) describes an instance of divine punishment that may be interpreted as moralistic (the transgression had been selling food to neighbouring communities during bad harvest years, and selling enslaved people from one’s own community to other communities), suggesting that this was thought to be a rare event. In this instance, the people of Marib were believed to have been punished for enslaving their own kin and selling them to foreigners. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/F54SC2DB\">[Multhoff_et_al 2008]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IR3ESBXZ\">[Maraqten 2006]</a>",
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{
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"tag": "IFR",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "absent",
"comment": "\"For hundreds of years prior to the local advent of Christianity, it seems that a form or forms of polytheistic belief-system analogous – but by no means identical – to that known to have been established in southern Arabia prevailed also in the northern Horn. Although the deities’ names indicated by the known inscriptions are – with one exception – different, use of the crescent-and-disc symbol – known in earlier times on altars and incense-burners in both southern Arabia and the northern Horn (cf. Chapter 3) – was continued in pre-Christian Aksumite times on coins and on the Anza and Matara stelae (Chapter 6 and 7 respectively), which have been dated to the third century on palaeographic grounds.\" <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/3CGX9GMX\">[Phillipson 2012, p. 91]</a> Only a single known inscription (MB 2002 I-28) describes an instance of divine punishment that may be interpreted as moralistic (the transgression had been selling food to neighbouring communities during bad harvest years, and selling enslaved people from one’s own community to other communities), suggesting that this was thought to be a rare event. In this instance, the people of Marib were believed to have been punished for enslaving their own kin and selling them to foreigners. <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/F54SC2DB\">[Multhoff_et_al 2008]</a>, <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/IR3ESBXZ\">[Maraqten 2006]</a>",
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},
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
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"polity": {
"id": 800,
"name": "de_empire_3",
"long_name": "Holy Roman Empire - Fragmented Period",
"start_year": 1255,
"end_year": 1453
},
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"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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"name": "it_papal_state_4",
"long_name": "Papal States - Early Modern Period II",
"start_year": 1648,
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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},
{
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"name": "it_papal_state_2",
"long_name": "Papal States - Renaissance Period",
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},
"year_from": null,
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"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
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"polity": {
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"name": "at_habsburg_1",
"long_name": "Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I",
"start_year": 1454,
"end_year": 1648
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 329,
"polity": {
"id": 810,
"name": "hu_arpad_dyn",
"long_name": "Hungary Kingdom - Árpád Dynasty",
"start_year": 1000,
"end_year": 1301
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 330,
"polity": {
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"name": "fr_valois_k_1",
"long_name": "French Kingdom - Early Valois",
"start_year": 1328,
"end_year": 1450
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
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"name": "es_spanish_emp_2",
"long_name": "Spanish Empire II",
"start_year": 1716,
"end_year": 1814
},
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"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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"name": "at_habsburg_2",
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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},
{
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"name": "gb_england_plantagenet",
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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},
{
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"name": "fr_capetian_k_2",
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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"name": "it_venetian_rep_4",
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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},
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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},
{
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"name": "pl_piast_dyn_1",
"long_name": "Polish Kingdom - Piast Dynasty",
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},
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"tag": "TRS",
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"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
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"polity": {
"id": 459,
"name": "fr_valois_k_2",
"long_name": "French Kingdom - Late Valois",
"start_year": 1450,
"end_year": 1589
},
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"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
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"polity": {
"id": 582,
"name": "mx_mexico_2",
"long_name": "Late United Mexican States",
"start_year": 1921,
"end_year": 2020
},
"year_from": null,
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"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
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"polity": {
"id": 799,
"name": "de_empire_2",
"long_name": "Holy Roman Empire - Hohenstaufen and Welf Dynasties",
"start_year": 1126,
"end_year": 1254
},
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"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 345,
"polity": {
"id": 460,
"name": "fr_bourbon_k_1",
"long_name": "French Kingdom - Early Bourbon",
"start_year": 1589,
"end_year": 1660
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 346,
"polity": {
"id": 302,
"name": "gb_tudor_stuart",
"long_name": "England Tudor-Stuart",
"start_year": 1486,
"end_year": 1689
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 347,
"polity": {
"id": 544,
"name": "it_venetian_rep_3",
"long_name": "Republic of Venice III",
"start_year": 1204,
"end_year": 1563
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 348,
"polity": {
"id": 594,
"name": "at_interwar_austria",
"long_name": "Interwar Austria",
"start_year": 1918,
"end_year": 1938
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 349,
"polity": {
"id": 709,
"name": "pt_portuguese_emp_2",
"long_name": "Portuguese Empire - Early Modern",
"start_year": 1640,
"end_year": 1806
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 350,
"polity": {
"id": 811,
"name": "hu_later_dyn",
"long_name": "Hungary Kingdom - Anjou and Later Dynasties",
"start_year": 1302,
"end_year": 1526
},
"year_from": null,
"year_to": null,
"tag": "TRS",
"is_disputed": false,
"is_uncertain": false,
"name": "Moralizing_enforcement_is_broad",
"coded_value": "present",
"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
"description": null
},
{
"id": 351,
"polity": {
"id": 808,
"name": "pl_poland_lithuania_commonwealth",
"long_name": "Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth",
"start_year": 1570,
"end_year": 1791
},
"year_from": null,
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"tag": "TRS",
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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},
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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},
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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},
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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},
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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},
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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{
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"comment": "“Jesus and the authors of the [New Testament][…] maintained much of the moral teaching that they had inherited from the [Old Testament]. Jesus innovated by putting together in one love-command the hitherto distinct commandments to love God (Deut. 6: 5) and to love one’s neighbour (Lev. 19: 18), by teaching a love for one’s enemies (Matt. 5: 43–8), and by practising an equality that was shockingly new for the culture of his time (both Jewish and Greco-Roman) in that women belonged to the travelling band of his disciples (Luke 8: 1–3). But, in general, both Jesus and the first Christians endorsed what Judaism had taught about right and wrong behaviour. Jesus and the early Christians, however, never endorsed armed violence, as did some texts of the Hebrew Bible, and drew rather on those passages that proclaimed peace.” <a class=\"fw-bold\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/WVP9QISX\">[O'Collins_Farrugia 2015, p. 354]</a>",
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]
}